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Jörg M, van der Westhuizen ET, Lu Y, Christopher Choy KH, Shackleford DM, Khajehali E, Tobin AB, Thal DM, Capuano B, Christopoulos A, Valant C, Scammells PJ. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 2-phenyl-3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridine positive allosteric modulators for the M 4 mAChR. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115588. [PMID: 37423123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Translation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists into clinically used therapeutic agents has been difficult due to their poor subtype selectivity. M4 mAChR subtype-selective positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) may provide better therapeutic outcomes, hence investigating their detailed pharmacological properties is crucial to advancing them into the clinic. Herein, we report the synthesis and comprehensive pharmacological evaluation of M4 mAChR PAMs structurally related to 1e, Me-C-c, [11C]MK-6884 and [18F]12. Our results show that small structural changes to the PAMs can result in pronounced differences to baseline, potency (pEC50) and maximum effect (Emax) measures in cAMP assays when compared to the endogenous ligand acetylcholine (ACh) without the addition of the PAMs. Eight selected PAMs were further assessed to determine their binding affinity and potential signalling bias profile between cAMP and β-arrestin 2 recruitment. These rigorous analyses resulted in the discovery of the novel PAMs, 6k and 6l, which exhibit improved allosteric properties compared to the lead compound, and probative in vivo exposure studies in mice confirmed that they maintain the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, making them more suitable for future preclinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Jörg
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma T van der Westhuizen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yao Lu
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - K H Christopher Choy
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - David M Shackleford
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elham Khajehali
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew B Tobin
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - David M Thal
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Capuano
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia; Neuromedicines Discovery Centre, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Celine Valant
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter J Scammells
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia.
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2
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Elwahy AHM, Ginidi ARS, Shaaban MR, Farag AM, Salem ME. Synthesis of novel bis-thiazoles, bis-thienopyridines, and bis-triazolothiadiazines linked to diphenyl ether core as novel hybrid molecules. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2023.2179405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. M. Elwahy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R. S. Ginidi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Shaaban
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Farag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E. Salem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Haider A, Deng X, Mastromihalis O, Pfister SK, Jeppesen TE, Xiao Z, Pham V, Sun S, Rong J, Zhao C, Chen J, Li Y, Connors TR, Davenport AT, Daunais JB, Hosseini V, Ran W, Christopoulos A, Wang L, Valant C, Liang SH. Structure-activity relationship of pyrazol-4-yl-pyridine derivatives and identification of a radiofluorinated probe for imaging the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M(4). Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:213-26. [PMID: 36815036 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an accumulating body of evidence implicating the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (M4) in schizophrenia and dementia with Lewy bodies, however, a clinically validated M4 positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand is currently lacking. As such, the aim of this study was to develop a suitable M4 PET ligand that allows the non-invasive visualization of M4 in the brain. Structure-activity relationship studies of pyrazol-4-yl-pyridine derivates led to the discovery of target compound 12 - a subtype-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM). The radiofluorinated analogue, [18F]12, was synthesized in 28 ± 10% radiochemical yield, >37 GBq/μmol and an excellent radiochemical purity >99%. Initial in vitro autoradiograms on rodent brain sections were performed in the absence of carbachol and showed moderate specificity as well as a low selectivity of [18F]12 for the M4-rich striatum. However, in the presence of carbachol, a significant increase in tracer binding was observed in the rat striatum, which was reduced by >60% under blocking conditions, thus indicating that orthosteric ligand interaction is required for efficient binding of [18F]12 to the allosteric site. Remarkably, however, the presence of carbachol was not required for high specific binding in the non-human primate (NHP) and human striatum, and did not further improve the specificity and selectivity of [18F]12 in higher species. These results pointed towards significant species-differences and paved the way for a preliminary PET study in NHP, where peak brain uptake of [18F]12 was found in the putamen and temporal cortex. In conclusion, we report on the identification and preclinical development of the first radiofluorinated M4 PET radioligand with promising attributes. The availability of a clinically validated M4 PET radioligand harbors potential to facilitate drug development and provide a useful diagnostic tool for non-invasive imaging.
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4
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Myslivecek J. Multitargeting nature of muscarinic orthosteric agonists and antagonists. Front Physiol 2022; 13:974160. [PMID: 36148314 PMCID: PMC9486310 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.974160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) are typical members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and exist in five subtypes from M1 to M5. Muscarinic receptor subtypes do not sufficiently differ in affinity to orthosteric antagonists or agonists; therefore, the analysis of receptor subtypes is complicated, and misinterpretations can occur. Usually, when researchers mainly specialized in CNS and peripheral functions aim to study mAChR involvement in behavior, learning, spinal locomotor networks, biological rhythms, cardiovascular physiology, bronchoconstriction, gastrointestinal tract functions, schizophrenia, and Parkinson’s disease, they use orthosteric ligands and they do not use allosteric ligands. Moreover, they usually rely on manufacturers’ claims that could be misleading. This review aimed to call the attention of researchers not deeply focused on mAChR pharmacology to this fact. Importantly, limited selective binding is not only a property of mAChRs but is a general attribute of most neurotransmitter receptors. In this review, we want to give an overview of the most common off-targets for established mAChR ligands. In this context, an important point is a mention the tremendous knowledge gap on off-targets for novel compounds compared to very well-established ligands. Therefore, we will summarize reported affinities and give an outline of strategies to investigate the subtype’s function, thereby avoiding ambiguous results. Despite that, the multitargeting nature of drugs acting also on mAChR could be an advantage when treating such diseases as schizophrenia. Antipsychotics are a perfect example of a multitargeting advantage in treatment. A promising strategy is the use of allosteric ligands, although some of these ligands have also been shown to exhibit limited selectivity. Another new direction in the development of muscarinic selective ligands is functionally selective and biased agonists. The possible selective ligands, usually allosteric, will also be listed. To overcome the limited selectivity of orthosteric ligands, the recommended process is to carefully examine the presence of respective subtypes in specific tissues via knockout studies, carefully apply “specific” agonists/antagonists at appropriate concentrations and then calculate the probability of a specific subtype involvement in specific functions. This could help interested researchers aiming to study the central nervous system functions mediated by the muscarinic receptor.
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5
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Johnson CR, Kangas BD, Jutkiewicz EM, Bergman J, Coop A. Drug Design Targeting the Muscarinic Receptors and the Implications in Central Nervous System Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:398. [PMID: 35203607 PMCID: PMC8962391 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is substantial evidence that cholinergic system function impairment plays a significant role in many central nervous system (CNS) disorders. During the past three decades, muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) have been implicated in various pathologies and have been prominent targets of drug-design efforts. However, due to the high sequence homology of the orthosteric binding site, many drug candidates resulted in limited clinical success. Although several advances in treating peripheral pathologies have been achieved, targeting CNS pathologies remains challenging for researchers. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in recent years to develop functionally selective orthosteric and allosteric ligands targeting the mAChRs with limited side effect profiles. This review highlights past efforts and focuses on recent advances in drug design targeting these receptors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), schizophrenia (SZ), and depression.
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6
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Long MF, Capstick RA, Spearing PK, Engers JL, Gregro AR, Bollinger SR, Chang S, Luscombe VB, Rodriguez AL, Cho HP, Niswender CM, Bridges TM, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Engers DW, Temple KJ. Discovery of structurally distinct tricyclic M 4 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) chemotypes - Part 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 53:128416. [PMID: 34710625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This Letter details our efforts to develop novel tricyclic M4 PAM scaffolds with improved pharmacological properties. This endeavor involved a "tie-back" strategy to replace the 3-amino-4,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide core which lead to the discovery of two novel tricyclic cores: a 7,9-dimethylpyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine core and 2,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b:5,4-c']dipyridine core. Both tricyclic cores displayed low nanomolar potency against the human M4 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline F Long
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rory A Capstick
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Paul K Spearing
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie L Engers
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alison R Gregro
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sean R Bollinger
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kayla J Temple
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Stroganova T, Vasilin VK, Dotsenko VV, Aksenov NA, Morozov PG, Vassiliev PM, Volynkin VA, Krapivin GD. Unusual Oxidative Dimerization in the 3-Aminothieno[2,3- b]pyridine-2-carboxamide Series. ACS Omega 2021; 6:14030-14048. [PMID: 34124427 PMCID: PMC8190813 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Noncatalyzed, regio- and stereoselective hypochlorite oxidation of 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamides is presented. Unexpectedly, the oxidation proceeded by different mechanistic pathways, and different products were formed, depending on the nature of solvents used. A possible mechanism, the structure of products, kinetics and dynamics of intramolecular processes, and biological activity of products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana
A. Stroganova
- Department
of Bioorganic Chemistry, Kuban State Technological
University, Krasnodar 350072, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir K. Vasilin
- Department
of Bioorganic Chemistry, Kuban State Technological
University, Krasnodar 350072, Russian Federation
| | - Victor V. Dotsenko
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technologies, Kuban
State University, Krasnodar 350040, Russian Federation
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Nicolai A. Aksenov
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel G. Morozov
- Department
of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Southern
Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel M. Vassiliev
- Volgograd
State Medical University, Volgograd 400131, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly A. Volynkin
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Kuban State University, Krasnodar 350040, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady D. Krapivin
- Scientific
Research Institute of Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar 350072, Russian Federation
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Masaret GS. Convenient synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel pyrazolyl‐thiophene, thieno[3,2‐
b
]pyridine, pyrazolo[3,4‐
d
]thieno[3,2‐
b
]pyridine and pyrano[2,3‐
d
]thieno[3,2‐
b
]pyridine derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S. Masaret
- Chemistry Department College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al‐Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia
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9
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Egyed A, Kelemen ÁA, Vass M, Visegrády A, Thee SA, Wang Z, de Graaf C, Brea J, Loza MI, Leurs R, Keserű GM. Controlling the selectivity of aminergic GPCR ligands from the extracellular vestibule. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104832. [PMID: 33826962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the orthosteric binding pocket (OBP) of GPCRs, recent structural studies have revealed that there are several allosteric sites available for pharmacological intervention. The secondary binding pocket (SBP) of aminergic GPCRs is located in the extracellular vestibule of these receptors, and it has been suggested to be a potential selectivity pocket for bitopic ligands. Here, we applied a virtual screening protocol based on fragment docking to the SBP of the orthosteric ligand-receptor complex. This strategy was employed for a number of aminergic receptors. First, we designed dopamine D3 preferring bitopic compounds from a D2 selective orthosteric ligand. Next, we designed 5-HT2B selective bitopic compounds starting from the 5-HT1B preferring ergoline core of LSD. Comparing the serotonergic profiles of the new derivatives to that of LSD, we found that these derivatives became significantly biased towards the desired 5-HT2B receptor target. Finally, addressing the known limitations of H1 antihistamines, our protocol was successfully used to eliminate the well-known side effects related to the muscarinic M1 activity of amitriptyline while preserving H1 potency in some of the designed bitopic compounds. These applications highlight the usefulness of our new virtual screening protocol and offer a powerful strategy towards bitopic GPCR ligands with designed receptor profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Egyed
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Ádám A Kelemen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Márton Vass
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary; Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | | | - Stephanie A Thee
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - Chris de Graaf
- Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6DG, UK
| | - Jose Brea
- Innopharma Screening Platform, BioFarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- Innopharma Screening Platform, BioFarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - György M Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
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van der Westhuizen ET, Choy KHC, Valant C, McKenzie-Nickson S, Bradley SJ, Tobin AB, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A. Fine Tuning Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Through Allostery and Bias. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:606656. [PMID: 33584282 PMCID: PMC7878563 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.606656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The M1 and M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are highly pursued drug targets for neurological diseases, in particular for Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Due to high sequence homology, selective targeting of any of the M1-M5 mAChRs through the endogenous ligand binding site has been notoriously difficult to achieve. With the discovery of highly subtype selective mAChR positive allosteric modulators in the new millennium, selectivity through targeting an allosteric binding site has opened new avenues for drug discovery programs. However, some hurdles remain to be overcome for these promising new drug candidates to progress into the clinic. One challenge is the potential for on-target side effects, such as for the M1 mAChR where over-activation of the receptor by orthosteric or allosteric ligands can be detrimental. Therefore, in addition to receptor subtype selectivity, a drug candidate may need to exhibit a biased signaling profile to avoid such on-target adverse effects. Indeed, recent studies in mice suggest that allosteric modulators for the M1 mAChR that bias signaling toward specific pathways may be therapeutically important. This review brings together details on the signaling pathways activated by the M1 and M4 mAChRs, evidence of biased agonism at these receptors, and highlights pathways that may be important for developing new subtype selective allosteric ligands to achieve therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma T. van der Westhuizen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - K. H. Christopher Choy
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Celine Valant
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon McKenzie-Nickson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie J. Bradley
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew B. Tobin
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick M. Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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11
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Sanad SMH, Mekky AEM. Synthesis, cytotoxicity and in vitro antibacterial screening of novel hydrazones bearing thienopyridine moiety as potent COX-2 inhibitors. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-01987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Deng X, Zhang Y, Rong J, Kumata K, Shao T, Wang G, Hatori A, Mori W, Yu Q, Hu K, Fujinaga M, Shao Y, Josephson L, Sun S, Zhang MR, Liang S. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of 18F-labeled 1-(6,7-dimethyl-4-(methylamino)-1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridin-2-yl)-2-(trans-2-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)cyclopropyl)ethan-1-one for imaging muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype 4. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Deng X, Hatori A, Chen Z, Kumata K, Shao T, Zhang X, Yamasaki T, Hu K, Yu Q, Ma L, Wang G, Wang L, Shao Y, Josephson L, Sun S, Zhang MR, Liang S. Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation of 11 C-Labeled VU0467485/AZ13713945 and Its Analogues for Imaging Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtype 4. ChemMedChem 2018; 14:303-309. [PMID: 30589226 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have five distinct subunits (M1 -M5 ) and are involved in the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. Attributed to the promising clinical efficacy of xanomeline, an M1 /M4 -preferring agonist, in patients of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease, M1 - or M4 -selective mAChR modulators have been developed that target the topographically distinct allosteric sites. Herein we report the synthesis and preliminary evaluation of 11 C-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) ligands based on a validated M4 R positive allosteric modulator VU0467485 (AZ13713945) to facilitate drug discovery. [11 C]VU0467485 and two other ligands were prepared in high radiochemical yields (>30 %, decay-corrected) with high radiochemical purity (>99 %) and high molar activity (>74 GBq μmol-1 ). In vitro autoradiography studies indicated that these three ligands possess moderate-to-high in vitro specific binding to M4 R. Nevertheless, further physiochemical property optimization is necessary to overcome the challenges associated with limited brain permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tuo Shao
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Qingzhen Yu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Longle Ma
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Gangqiang Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Non-power Nuclear Technology, College of Nuclear Technology & Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Shaofa Sun
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Non-power Nuclear Technology, College of Nuclear Technology & Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Steven Liang
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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14
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Vass M, Kooistra AJ, Yang D, Stevens RC, Wang MW, de Graaf C. Chemical Diversity in the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Superfamily. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:494-512. [PMID: 29576399 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell signaling transmembrane proteins that can be modulated by a plethora of chemical compounds. Systematic cheminformatics analysis of structurally and pharmacologically characterized GPCR ligands shows that cocrystallized GPCR ligands cover a significant part of chemical ligand space, despite their limited number. Many GPCR ligands and substructures interact with multiple receptors, providing a basis for polypharmacological ligand design. Experimentally determined GPCR structures represent a variety of binding sites and receptor-ligand interactions that can be translated to chemically similar ligands for which structural data are lacking. This integration of structural, pharmacological, and chemical information on GPCR-ligand interactions enables the extension of the structural GPCR-ligand interactome and the structure-based design of novel modulators of GPCR function.
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15
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Takai K, Enomoto T. Discovery and Development of Muscarinic Acetylcholine M 4 Activators as Promising Therapeutic Agents for CNS Diseases. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:37-44. [PMID: 29311510 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) subtypes, the M4 receptor has been investigated as a promising drug target for the treatment of schizophrenia. These investigations have been based on findings from M4-deficient mice studies as well as on the results of a clinical trial that used xanomeline, an M1/M4 mAChRs-preferring agonist. Both orthosteric agonists and positive allosteric modulators of M4 mAChR have been reported as promising ligands that not only have antipsychotic effects, but can also improve cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction. However, challenges remain due to the high homology of the orthosteric binding site among all muscarinic receptors. In this review, we summarize our approach to the identification of M4 mAChR activators, orthosteric agonists, and positive allosteric modulators based on M4 mAChR structural information and structure-activity relationship studies. These findings indicate that selective M4 mAChR activators are promising potential therapeutic agents for several central nervous system conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Takai
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd
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16
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Tarr JC, Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Melancon BJ, Lamsal A, Luscombe VB, Rodriguez AL, Byers FW, Chang S, Cho HP, Engers DW, Jones CK, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Brandon NJ, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Challenges in the development of an M 4 PAM preclinical candidate: The discovery, SAR, and biological characterization of a series of azetidine-derived tertiary amides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5179-5184. [PMID: 29089231 PMCID: PMC6542369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the continued optimization of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) within the 5-amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine series of compounds. In this letter, we disclose our studies on tertiary amides derived from substituted azetidines. This series provided excellent CNS penetration, which had been challenging to consistently achieve in other amide series. Efforts to mitigate high clearance, aided by metabolic softspot analysis, were unsuccessful and precluded this series from further consideration as a preclinical candidate. In the course of this study, we found that potassium tetrafluoroborate salts could be engaged in a tosyl hydrazone reductive cross coupling reaction, a previously unreported transformation, which expands the synthetic utility of the methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Bruce J Melancon
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Frank W Byers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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17
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Bock A, Schrage R, Mohr K. Allosteric modulators targeting CNS muscarinic receptors. Neuropharmacology 2017; 136:427-437. [PMID: 28935216 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are broadly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and other tissues in the periphery. They emerge as important drug targets for a number of diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. Muscarinic receptors are divided into five subtypes (M1-M5) of which M1-M4 have been crystalized. All subtypes possess at least one allosteric binding site which is located in the extracellular region of the receptor on top of the ACh (i.e. orthosteric) binding site. The former can be specifically targeted by chemical compounds (mostly small molecules) and binding of such allosteric modulators affects the affinity and/or efficacy of orthosteric ligands. This allows highly specific modulation of GPCR function and, from a drug discovery point of view, may be advantageous in terms of subtype selectivity and biased signaling. There is a plethora of allosteric modulators for all five muscarinic receptor subtypes. This review presents the basic principles of allosteric modulation of GPCRs on both the molecular and structural level focusing on allosteric modulators of the muscarinic receptor family. Further we discuss dualsteric (i.e. bitopic orthosteric/allosteric) ligands emphasizing their potential in modulating muscarinic receptor dynamics and signaling. The common mechanisms of muscarinic receptor allosteric modulation have been proven to be generalizable and are at play at many, if not all GPCRs. Given this paradigmatic role of muscarinic receptors we suggest that also new developments in muscarinic allosteric modulation may also be extended to other members of the GPCR superfamily. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Neuropharmacology on Muscarinic Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bock
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Strasse 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ramona Schrage
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 3, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Mohr
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 3, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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18
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Tarr JC, Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Bertron JL, Weiner RL, Rodriguez AL, Lamsal A, Byers FW, Chang S, Cho HP, Jones CK, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Brandon NJ, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Challenges in the development of an M 4 PAM preclinical candidate: The discovery, SAR, and in vivo characterization of a series of 3-aminoazetidine-derived amides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2990-2995. [PMID: 28522253 PMCID: PMC5518475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This letter details the continued chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) based on a 5-amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine core by incorporating a 3-amino azetidine amide moiety. The analogs described within this work represent the most potent M4 PAMs reported for this series to date. The SAR to address potency, clearance, subtype selectivity, CNS exposure, and P-gp efflux are described. This work culminated in the discovery of VU6000918, which demonstrated robust efficacy in a rat amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion reversal model at a minimum efficacious dose of 0.3mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeanette L Bertron
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Frank W Byers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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19
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Melancon BJ, Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Nance KD, Engelberg EM, Han C, Lamsal A, Chang S, Cho HP, Byers FW, Bubser M, Jones CK, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Engers DW, Wu D, Brandon NJ, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Optimization of M 4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs): The discovery of VU0476406, a non-human primate in vivo tool compound for translational pharmacology. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2296-2301. [PMID: 28442253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This letter describes the further chemical optimization of the 5-amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine series (VU0467154/VU0467485) of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), developed via iterative parallel synthesis, culminating in the discovery of the non-human primate (NHP) in vivo tool compound, VU0476406 (8p). VU0476406 is an important in vivo tool compound to enable translation of pharmacodynamics from rodent to NHP, and while data related to a Parkinson's disease model has been reported with 8p, this is the first disclosure of the optimization and discovery of VU0476406, as well as detailed pharmacology and DMPK properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce J Melancon
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kellie D Nance
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eileen M Engelberg
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Changho Han
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Frank W Byers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael Bubser
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- AstraZeneca, Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines & Early Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dedong Wu
- AstraZeneca, Pharmaceutical Science, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- AstraZeneca, Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines & Early Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- AstraZeneca, Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines & Early Development, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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20
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Melancon BJ, Poslusney MS, Nance KD, Hurtado MA, Luscombe VB, Weiner RL, Rodriguez AL, Lamsal A, Chang S, Bubser M, Blobaum AL, Engers DW, Niswender CM, Jones CK, Brandon NJ, Wood MW, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Discovery of VU0467485/AZ13713945: An M 4 PAM Evaluated as a Preclinical Candidate for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:233-238. [PMID: 28197318 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the structure-activity relationships within a series of potent, selective, and orally bioavailable muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (M4) positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). Compound 6c (VU0467485) possesses robust in vitro M4 PAM potency across species and in vivo efficacy in preclinical models of schizophrenia. Coupled with an attractive DMPK profile and suitable predicted human PK, 6c (VU0467485) was evaluated as a preclinical development candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Wood
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Meredith J. Noetzel
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Bruce J. Melancon
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Michael S. Poslusney
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kellie D. Nance
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Miguel A. Hurtado
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Vincent B. Luscombe
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Sichen Chang
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Darren W. Engers
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Brandon
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines Biotech
Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael W. Wood
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines Biotech
Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark E. Duggan
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines Biotech
Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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21
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Poslusney MS, Melancon BJ, Tarr JC, Lamsal A, Chang S, Luscombe VB, Weiner RL, Cho HP, Bubser M, Jones CK, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Engers DW, Brandon NJ, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Challenges in the development of an M 4 PAM in vivo tool compound: The discovery of VU0467154 and unexpected DMPK profiles of close analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:171-175. [PMID: 27939174 PMCID: PMC5340297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This letter describes the chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) based on a 5-amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine core, developed via iterative parallel synthesis, and culminating in the highly utilized rodent in vivo tool compound, VU0467154 (5). This is the first report of the optimization campaign (SAR and DMPK profiling) that led to the discovery of VU0467154, and details all of the challenges faced in allosteric modulator programs (steep SAR, species differences in PAM pharmacology and subtle structural changes affecting CNS penetration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael S Poslusney
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Bruce J Melancon
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael Bubser
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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22
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Tarr JC, Rodriguez AL, Lamsal A, Chang S, Foster JJ, Smith E, Chase P, Hodder PS, Engers DW, Niswender CM, Brandon NJ, Wood MW, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Discovery and SAR of a novel series of potent, CNS penetrant M4 PAMs based on a non-enolizable ketone core: Challenges in disposition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4282-6. [PMID: 27476142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This Letter describes the chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 PAMs based on a non-enolizable ketone core, identified from an MLPCN functional high-throughput screen. The HTS hit was potent, selective and CNS penetrant; however, the compound was highly cleared in vitro and in vivo. SAR provided analogs for which M4 PAM potency and CNS exposure were maintained; yet, clearance remained high. Metabolite identification studies demonstrated that this series was subject to rapid, and near quantitative, reductive metabolism to the corresponding secondary alcohol metabolite that was devoid of M4 PAM activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jarrett J Foster
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Emery Smith
- The Scripps Research Institutes Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Peter Chase
- The Scripps Research Institutes Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | | | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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23
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Engers JL, Bollinger KA, Melancon BJ, Tarr JC, Han C, West M, Gregro AR, Lamsal A, Chang S, Ajmera S, Smith E, Chase P, Hodder PS, Bubser M, Jones CK, Hopkins CR, Emmitte KA, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Discovery and optimization of a novel series of highly CNS penetrant M4 PAMs based on a 5,6-dimethyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine core. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3029-3033. [PMID: 27185330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This Letter describes the chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) based on a 5,6-dimethyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine core, identified from an MLPCN functional high-throughput screen. The HTS hit was potent and selective, but not CNS penetrant. Potency was maintained, while CNS penetration was improved (rat brain:plasma Kp=0.74), within the original core after several rounds of optimization; however, the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine core was subject to extensive oxidative metabolism. Ultimately, we identified a 6-fluoroquinazoline core replacement that afforded good M4 PAM potency, muscarinic receptor subtype selectivity and CNS penetration (rat brain:plasma Kp>10). Moreover, this campaign provided fundamentally distinct M4 PAM chemotypes, greatly expanding the available structural diversity for this exciting CNS target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie L Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Katrina A Bollinger
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Bruce J Melancon
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Changho Han
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mary West
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alison R Gregro
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sonia Ajmera
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Emery Smith
- The Scripps Research Institutes Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Peter Chase
- The Scripps Research Institutes Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | - Michael Bubser
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyle A Emmitte
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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24
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Schreiber SL, Kotz JD, Li M, Aubé J, Austin CP, Reed JC, Rosen H, White EL, Sklar LA, Lindsley CW, Alexander BR, Bittker JA, Clemons PA, de Souza A, Foley MA, Palmer M, Shamji AF, Wawer MJ, McManus O, Wu M, Zou B, Yu H, Golden JE, Schoenen FJ, Simeonov A, Jadhav A, Jackson MR, Pinkerton AB, Chung TDY, Griffin PR, Cravatt BF, Hodder PS, Roush WR, Roberts E, Chung DH, Jonsson CB, Noah JW, Severson WE, Ananthan S, Edwards B, Oprea TI, Conn PJ, Hopkins CR, Wood MR, Stauffer SR, Emmitte KA. Advancing Biological Understanding and Therapeutics Discovery with Small-Molecule Probes. Cell 2015; 161:1252-65. [PMID: 26046436 PMCID: PMC4564295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule probes can illuminate biological processes and aid in the assessment of emerging therapeutic targets by perturbing biological systems in a manner distinct from other experimental approaches. Despite the tremendous promise of chemical tools for investigating biology and disease, small-molecule probes were unavailable for most targets and pathways as recently as a decade ago. In 2005, the NIH launched the decade-long Molecular Libraries Program with the intent of innovating in and broadening access to small-molecule science. This Perspective describes how novel small-molecule probes identified through the program are enabling the exploration of biological pathways and therapeutic hypotheses not otherwise testable. These experiences illustrate how small-molecule probes can help bridge the chasm between biological research and the development of medicines but also highlight the need to innovate the science of therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart L Schreiber
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Joanne D Kotz
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Min Li
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Christopher P Austin
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John C Reed
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Hugh Rosen
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - E Lucile White
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Larry A Sklar
- University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Benjamin R Alexander
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joshua A Bittker
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Paul A Clemons
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrea de Souza
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael A Foley
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michelle Palmer
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alykhan F Shamji
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mathias J Wawer
- Probe Development Center, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Owen McManus
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Meng Wu
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Beiyan Zou
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Haibo Yu
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ion Channel Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jennifer E Golden
- University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Frank J Schoenen
- University of Kansas Specialized Chemistry Center, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael R Jackson
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Anthony B Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Thomas D Y Chung
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Lake Nona, FL 32827, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Peter S Hodder
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - William R Roush
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Edward Roberts
- Molecular Screening Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, and Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Dong-Hoon Chung
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - James W Noah
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - William E Severson
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Subramaniam Ananthan
- Southern Research Specialized Biocontainment Screening Center, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Bruce Edwards
- University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Tudor I Oprea
- University of New Mexico Center for Molecular Discovery, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Michael R Wood
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shaun R Stauffer
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyle A Emmitte
- The Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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25
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Carruthers SP, Gurvich CT, Rossell SL. The muscarinic system, cognition and schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 55:393-402. [PMID: 26003527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence has implicated the central muscarinic system as contributing to a number of symptoms of schizophrenia and serving as a potential target for pharmaceutical interventions. A theoretical review is presented that focuses on the central muscarinic system's contribution to the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. The aim is to bridge the void between pertinent neuropsychological and neurobiological research to provide an explanatory account of the role that the central muscarinic system plays in the symptoms of schizophrenia. First, there will be a brief overview of the relevant neuropsychological schizophrenia literature, followed by a concise introduction to the central muscarinic system. Subsequently, we will draw from animal, neuropsychological and pharmacological literature, and discuss the findings in relation to cognition, schizophrenia and the muscarinic system. Whilst unifying the multiple domains of research into a concise review will act as a useful line of enquiry into the central muscarinic systems contribution to the symptoms of schizophrenia, it will be made apparent that more research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Carruthers
- Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre (BPsyC), Faculty of Health, Arts, Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, VIC, Australia; Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Monash University Central Clinical School and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia.
| | - Caroline T Gurvich
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Monash University Central Clinical School and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre (BPsyC), Faculty of Health, Arts, Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, VIC, Australia; Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), Monash University Central Clinical School and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia; Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne 3065, VIC, Australia
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26
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Abdelriheem NA, Ahmad SA, Abdelhamid AO. Synthesis of some new Thieno[2,3-b]pyridines, Pyrimidino[4',5':4,5]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and Pyridines Incorporating 5-Bromobenzofuran-2-yl Moiety. Molecules 2015; 20:822-38. [PMID: 25574823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Sulfanyl-6-(2-thienyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile, 1-Amino-6-(5-bromo-benzofuran-2-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-pyridine-3-carbonitrile, thieno[2,3-b]pyridins, pyrimidino[4',5':4,5]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine, quinazoline and carbamate derivatives were synthesized from sodium 3-(5-bromobenzofuran-2-yl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-olate with. The newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental analysis, spectral data, and alternative synthesis whenever possible and chemical transportation.
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27
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Szabo M, Huynh T, Valant C, Lane JR, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A, Capuano B. A structure–activity relationship study of the positive allosteric modulator LY2033298 at the M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Med Chem Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00334b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Positive allosteric modulators targeting the M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor offer greater sub-type selectivity and unique potential as CNS agents through their novel mode of action to traditional orthosteric ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szabo
- Medicinal Chemistry
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | - Tracey Huynh
- Medicinal Chemistry
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | - Celine Valant
- Drug Discovery Biology
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | - J. Robert Lane
- Drug Discovery Biology
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | - Patrick M. Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | - Ben Capuano
- Medicinal Chemistry
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
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28
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Shiro T, Fukaya T, Tobe M. The chemistry and biological activity of heterocycle-fused quinolinone derivatives: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:397-408. [PMID: 25532473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Among all heterocycles, the heterocycle-fused quinolinone scaffold is one of the privileged structures in drug discovery as heterocycle-fused quinolinone derivatives exhibit various biological activities allowing them to act as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antipsychotic agents. This wide spectrum of biological activity has attracted a great deal of attention in the field of medicinal chemistry. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the biological and pharmacological properties of various heterocycle-fused quinolinone scaffolds and discuss the synthetic methods of some of their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Shiro
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Enoki 33-94, Suita, Osaka 564-0053, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukaya
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Enoki 33-94, Suita, Osaka 564-0053, Japan
| | - Masanori Tobe
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Enoki 33-94, Suita, Osaka 564-0053, Japan.
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29
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Croy CH, Schober DA, Xiao H, Quets A, Christopoulos A, Felder CC. Characterization of the novel positive allosteric modulator, LY2119620, at the muscarinic M(2) and M(4) receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:106-15. [PMID: 24807965 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.091751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The M(4) receptor is a compelling therapeutic target, as this receptor modulates neural circuits dysregulated in schizophrenia, and there is clinical evidence that muscarinic agonists possess both antipsychotic and procognitive efficacy. Recent efforts have shifted toward allosteric ligands to maximize receptor selectivity and manipulate endogenous cholinergic and dopaminergic signaling. In this study, we present the pharmacological characterization of LY2119620 (3-amino-5-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-4-methyl-6-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy] thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide), a M(2)/M(4) receptor-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM), chemically evolved from hits identified through a M4 allosteric functional screen. Although unsuitable as a therapeutic due to M(2) receptor cross-reactivity and, thus, potential cardiovascular liability, LY2119620 surpassed previous congeners in potency and PAM activity and broadens research capabilities through its development into a radiotracer. Characterization of LY2119620 revealed evidence of probe dependence in both binding and functional assays. Guanosine 5'-[γ-(35)S]-triphosphate assays displayed differential potentiation depending on the orthosteric-allosteric pairing, with the largest cooperativity observed for oxotremorine M (Oxo-M) LY2119620. Further [(3)H]Oxo-M saturation binding, including studies with guanosine-5'-[(β,γ)-imido]triphosphate, suggests that both the orthosteric and allosteric ligands can alter the population of receptors in the active G protein-coupled state. Additionally, this work expands the characterization of the orthosteric agonist, iperoxo, at the M(4) receptor, and demonstrates that an allosteric ligand can positively modulate the binding and functional efficacy of this high efficacy ligand. Ultimately, it was the M(2) receptor pharmacology and PAM activity with iperoxo that made LY2119620 the most suitable allosteric partner for the M(2) active-state structure recently solved (Kruse et al., 2013), a structure that provides crucial insights into the mechanisms of orthosteric activation and allosteric modulation of muscarinic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie H Croy
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (C.H.C., D.A.S., H.X., A.Q., C.C.F.); and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C.)
| | - Douglas A Schober
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (C.H.C., D.A.S., H.X., A.Q., C.C.F.); and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C.)
| | - Hongling Xiao
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (C.H.C., D.A.S., H.X., A.Q., C.C.F.); and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C.)
| | - Anne Quets
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (C.H.C., D.A.S., H.X., A.Q., C.C.F.); and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C.)
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (C.H.C., D.A.S., H.X., A.Q., C.C.F.); and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C.)
| | - Christian C Felder
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (C.H.C., D.A.S., H.X., A.Q., C.C.F.); and Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.C.)
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30
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Nickols HH, Conn PJ. Development of allosteric modulators of GPCRs for treatment of CNS disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 61:55-71. [PMID: 24076101 PMCID: PMC3875303 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of allosteric modulators of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) provides a promising new strategy with potential for developing novel treatments for a variety of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Traditional drug discovery efforts targeting GPCRs have focused on developing ligands for orthosteric sites which bind endogenous ligands. Allosteric modulators target a site separate from the orthosteric site to modulate receptor function. These allosteric agents can either potentiate (positive allosteric modulator, PAM) or inhibit (negative allosteric modulator, NAM) the receptor response and often provide much greater subtype selectivity than orthosteric ligands for the same receptors. Experimental evidence has revealed more nuanced pharmacological modes of action of allosteric modulators, with some PAMs showing allosteric agonism in combination with positive allosteric modulation in response to endogenous ligand (ago-potentiators) as well as "bitopic" ligands that interact with both the allosteric and orthosteric sites. Drugs targeting the allosteric site allow for increased drug selectivity and potentially decreased adverse side effects. Promising evidence has demonstrated potential utility of a number of allosteric modulators of GPCRs in multiple CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, as well as psychiatric or neurobehavioral diseases such as anxiety, schizophrenia, and addiction.
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Key Words
- (+)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-6,7-dihydrobenzo[d]oxazol-4(5H)-one
- (1-(4-cyano-4-(pyridine-2-yl)piperidine-1-yl)methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinolizine-3-carboxylic acid)
- (1S,2S)-N(1)-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxamide
- (1S,3R,4S)-1-aminocyclo-pentane-1,3,4-tricarboxylic acid
- (3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrano[2,3]b quinolin-7-yl)(cis-4-methoxycyclohexyl) methanone
- (3aS,5S,7aR)-methyl 5-hydroxy-5-(m-tolylethynyl)octahydro-1H-indole-1-carboxylate
- 1-(1′-(2-methylbenzyl)-1,4′-bipiperidin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one
- 1-[3-(4-butyl-1-piperidinyl)propyl]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone
- 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- 2-(2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-5-methylpyridine
- 2-chloro-4-((2,5-dimethyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1Himidazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine
- 2-methyl-6-(2-phenylethenyl)pyridine
- 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine
- 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide
- 3-cyclohexyl-5-fluoro-6-methyl-7-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
- 3[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethylnyl]pyridine
- 4-((E)-styryl)-pyrimidin-2-ylamine
- 4-[1-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxamide
- 4-n-butyl-1-[4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl]-piperidine
- 5-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine
- 5MPEP
- 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-(4-pyridinyl)-isoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one
- 6-OHDA
- 6-hydroxydopamine
- 6-methyl-2-(phenylazo)-3-pyridinol
- 77-LH-28-1
- 7TMR
- AC-42
- ACPT-1
- AChE
- AD
- ADX71743
- AFQ056
- APP
- Allosteric modulator
- Alzheimer's disease
- BINA
- BQCA
- CDPPB
- CFMMC
- CNS
- CPPHA
- CTEP
- DA
- DFB
- DHPG
- Drug discovery
- ERK1/2
- FMRP
- FTIDC
- FXS
- Fragile X syndrome
- GABA
- GPCR
- JNJ16259685
- L-AP4
- L-DOPA
- Lu AF21934
- Lu AF32615
- M-5MPEP
- MMPIP
- MPEP
- MPTP
- MTEP
- Metabotropic glutamate receptor
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
- N-[4-chloro-2[(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl]phenyl]-2-hydrobenzamide
- N-methyl-d-aspartate
- N-phenyl-7-(hydroxylimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide
- NAM
- NMDA
- PAM
- PCP
- PD
- PD-LID
- PET
- PHCCC
- PQCA
- Parkinson's disease
- Parkinson's disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia
- SAM
- SIB-1757
- SIB-1893
- TBPB
- [(3-fluorophenyl)methylene]hydrazone-3-fluorobenzaldehyde
- acetylcholinesterase
- amyloid precursor protein
- benzylquinolone carboxylic acid
- central nervous system
- dihydroxyphenylglycine
- dopamine
- extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2
- fragile X mental retardation protein
- l-(+)-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid
- l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
- mGlu
- metabotropic glutamate receptor
- negative allosteric modulator
- phencyclidine
- positive allosteric modulator
- positron emission tomography
- potassium 30-([(2-cyclopentyl-6-7-dimethyl-1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5yl)oxy]methyl)biphenyl l-4-carboxylate
- seven transmembrane receptor
- silent allosteric modulator
- γ-aminobutyric acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Highfield Nickols
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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31
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Kobayashi K, Ohmichi T, Miyatani W, Nakagawa K, Yuba S. One-Pot Synthesis of 2,3-Diarylthieno[2,3-b]-, -[2,3-c]- or -[3,2-c]pyridines from the Respective Aryl(chloropyridinyl)methanones. HETEROCYCLES 2013. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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