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Voermans NC, Dittrich ATM, Liguori S, Panicucci C, Moretti A, Weber DR, Ward LM. 274th ENMC international workshop: recommendations for optimizing bone strength in neuromuscular disorders. Hoofddorp, The Netherlands, 19-21 January 2024. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 43:1-13. [PMID: 39173540 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The 274th ENMC workshop for optimizing bone strength in neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) was held on January 19-21, 2024. The group of participants included experts in the fields of bone health and neuromuscular medicine along with the patient voice. Bone strength represents a crucial aspect of the management of pediatric and adult patients with NMDs. Bone strength may be compromised due to different pathophysiologic mechanisms, including disrupted bone-muscle "cross-talk", loss of biomechanical loading, nutritional insufficiency, inadequate weight-bearing physical activity, muscle weakness and/or immobility, and drug treatment. While for Duchenne muscular dystrophy recommendations for evaluation and treatment of bone strength have been published, evidence on bone strength in other hereditary and acquired NMDs is scarce. Enhanced knowledge is needed to understand the development and maintenance of bone strength in patients with NMDs. This workshop aimed to develop a strategy to improve bone strength and thus prevent fractures in patients with NMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicol C Voermans
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Anne T M Dittrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Panicucci
- Centre of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - David R Weber
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leanne M Ward
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Birks S, Howard S, O’Rourke C, Thompson WR, Lau A, Uzer G. Osterix-driven LINC complex disruption in vivo diminishes osteogenesis at 8 weeks but not at 15 weeks. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:2007-2016. [PMID: 38602438 PMCID: PMC11293982 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a crucial connective component between the nuclear envelope and the cytoskeleton involving various cellular processes including nuclear positioning, nuclear architecture, and mechanotransduction. How LINC complexes regulate bone formation in vivo, however, is not well understood. To start bridging this gap, here we created a LINC disruption murine model using transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase enzyme under the control of the Osterix (Osx-Cre) which is primarily active in pre-osteoblasts and floxed Tg(CAG-LacZ/EGFP-KASH2) mice. Tg(CAG-LacZ/EGFP-KASH2) mice contain a lox-STOP-lox flanked LacZ gene which is deleted upon cre recombination allowing for the overexpression of an EGFP-KASH2 fusion protein. This overexpressed protein disrupts endogenous Nesprin-Sun binding leading to disruption of LINC complexes. Thus, crossing these two lines results in an Osx- driven LINC disruption (ODLD) specific to pre-osteoblasts. In this study, we investigated how this LINC disruption affects exercise-induced bone accrual. ODLD cells had decreased osteogenic and adipogenic potential in vitro compared to non-disrupted controls and sedentary ODLD mice showed decreased bone quality at 8 weeks. Upon access to a voluntary running wheel, ODLD animals showed increased running time and distance; however, our 6-week exercise intervention did not significantly affect bone microarchitecture and bone mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Birks
- Boise State University, Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Sean Howard
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
| | | | | | - Anthony Lau
- The College of New Jersey, Biomedical Engineering
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
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Birks S, Howard S, Wright CS, O’Rourke C, Day EA, Lamb AJ, Walsdorf JR, Lau A, Thompson WR, Uzer G. Prrx1-driven LINC complex disruption in vivo reduces osteoid deposition but not bone quality after voluntary wheel running. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.22.559054. [PMID: 37790521 PMCID: PMC10542150 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.22.559054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex serves to connect the nuclear envelope and the cytoskeleton, influencing cellular processes such as nuclear arrangement, architecture, and mechanotransduction. The role LINC plays in mechanotransduction pathways in bone progenitor cells has been well studied; however, the mechanisms by which LINC complexes govern in vivo bone formation remain less clear. To bridge this knowledge gap, we established a murine model disrupting LINC using transgenic Prx-Cre mice and floxed Tg(CAG-LacZ/EGFP-KASH2) mice. Prx-Cre mice express the Cre recombinase enzyme controlled by the paired-related homeobox gene-1 promoter (Prrx1), a pivotal regulator of skeletal development. Prx-Cre animals have been widely used in the bone field to target bone progenitor cells. Tg(CAG-LacZ/EGFP-KASH2) mice carry a lox-stop-lox flanked LacZ gene allowing for the overexpression of an EGFP-KASH2 fusion protein via cre recombinase mediated deletion of the LacZ cassette. This disrupts endogenous Nesprin-Sun binding in a dominant negative manner disconnecting nesprin from the nuclear envelope. By combining these lines, we generated a Prrx1(+) cell-specific LINC disruption model to study its impact on the developing skeleton and subsequently exercise-induced bone accrual. The findings presented here indicate Prx-driven LINC disruption (PDLD) cells exhibit no change in osteogenic and adipogenic potential compared to controls in vitro nor are there bone quality changes when compared to in sedentary animals at 8 weeks. While PDLD animals displayed increased voluntary running activity andPrrx1(+) cell-specific LINC disruption abolished the exercise-induced increases in osteoid volume and surface after a 6-week exercise intervention, no other changes in bone microarchitecture or mechanical properties were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Birks
- Boise State University, Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Sean Howard
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
| | - Christian S. Wright
- Indiana University, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences
| | | | - Elicza A. Day
- Indiana University, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences
| | - Alexander J. Lamb
- Indiana University, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences
| | - James R. Walsdorf
- Indiana University, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences
| | - Anthony Lau
- The College of New Jersey, Biomedical Engineering
| | - William R. Thompson
- Indiana University, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
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van Dijk Christiansen P, Andreasen CM, El-Masri BM, Laursen KS, Delaisse JM, Andersen TL. Osteoprogenitor recruitment and differentiation during intracortical bone remodeling of adolescent humans. Bone 2023; 177:116896. [PMID: 37699496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment and proliferation of osteoprogenitors during the reversal-resorption phase, and their differentiation into mature bone-forming osteoblasts is crucial for initiation of bone formation during bone remodeling. This study investigates the osteoprogenitors' gradual recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation into bone-forming osteoblasts within intracortical remodeling events of healthy adolescent humans. METHODS The study was conducted on cortical bone specimens from 11 adolescent human controls - patients undergoing surgery due to coxa valga. The osteoprogenitor recruitment route and differentiation into osteoblasts were backtracked using immunostainings and in situ hybridizations with osteoblastic markers (CD271/NGFR, osterix/SP7, COL3A1 and COL1A1). The osteoblastic cell populations were defined based on the pore surfaces, and their proliferation index (Ki67), density and number/circumference were estimated in multiplex-immunofluorescence (Ki67, TRAcP, CD34) stained sections. RESULTS During the reversal-resorption phase, osteoclasts are intermixed with (COL3A1+NFGR+) osteoblastic reversal cells, which are considered to be osteoprogenitors of (COL1A1+SP7+) bone-forming osteoblasts. Initiation of bone formation requires a critical density of these osteoprogenitors (43 ± 9 cells/mm), which is reached though proliferation (4.4 ± 0.5 % proliferative) and even more so through recruitment of osteoprogenitors, but challenged by the ongoing expansion of the canal circumference. These osteoprogenitors most likely originate from osteoblastic bone lining cells and mainly lumen osteoprogenitors, which expand their population though proliferation (4.6 ± 0.3 %) and vascular recruitment. These lumen osteoprogenitors resemble canopy cells above trabecular remodeling sites, and like canopy cells they extend above bone-forming osteoblasts where they may rejuvenate the osteoblast population during bone formation. CONCLUSION Initiation of bone formation during intracortical remodeling requires a critical density of osteoprogenitors on eroded surfaces, which is reached though proliferation and recruitment of local osteoprogenitors: bone lining cells and lumen osteoprogenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille van Dijk Christiansen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Christina Møller Andreasen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
| | - Bilal Mohamad El-Masri
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
| | - Kaja Søndergaard Laursen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
| | - Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
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Pancheri NM, Daw JT, Ditton D, Schiele NR, Birks S, Uzer G, Jones CL, Penney BT, Theodossiou SK. The LINC complex regulates Achilles tendon elastic modulus, Achilles and tail tendon collagen crimp, and Achilles and tail tendon lateral expansion during early postnatal development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.13.566892. [PMID: 38014288 PMCID: PMC10680625 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.13.566892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
There is limited understanding of how mechanical signals regulate tendon development. The nucleus has emerged as a major regulator of cellular mechanosensation, via the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) protein complex. Specific roles of LINC in tenogenesis have not been explored. In this study, we investigate how LINC regulates tendon development by disabling LINC-mediated mechanosensing via dominant negative (dn) expression of the Klarsicht, ANC-1, and Syne Homology (KASH) domain, which is necessary for LINC to function. We hypothesized that LINC regulates mechanotransduction in developing tendon, and that disabling LINC would impact tendon mechanical properties and structure in a mouse model of dnKASH. We used Achilles (AT) and tail (TT) tendons as representative energy-storing and limb-positioning tendons, respectively. Mechanical testing at postnatal day 10 showed that disabling the LINC complex via dnKASH significantly impacted tendon mechanical properties and cross-sectional area, and that effects differed between ATs and TTs. Collagen crimp distance was also impacted in dnKASH tendons, and was significantly decreased in ATs, and increased in TTs. Overall, we show that disruption to the LINC complex specifically impacts tendon mechanics and collagen crimp structure, with unique responses between an energy-storing and limb-positioning tendon. This suggests that nuclear mechanotransduction through LINC plays a role in regulating tendon formation during neonatal development.
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Regner AM, DeLeon M, Gibbons KD, Howard S, Nesbitt DQ, Lujan TJ, Fitzpatrick CK, Farach-Carson MC, Wu D, Uzer G. Increased deformations are dispensable for cell mechanoresponse in engineered bone analogs mimicking aging bone marrow. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.24.559187. [PMID: 37905032 PMCID: PMC10614733 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.24.559187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Aged individuals and astronauts experience bone loss despite rigorous physical activity. Bone mechanoresponse is in-part regulated by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that respond to mechanical stimuli. Direct delivery of low intensity vibration (LIV) recovers MSC proliferation in senescence and simulated microgravity models, indicating that age-related reductions in mechanical signal delivery within bone marrow may contribute to declining bone mechanoresponse. To answer this question, we developed a 3D bone marrow analog that controls trabecular geometry, marrow mechanics and external stimuli. Validated finite element (FE) models were developed to quantify strain environment within hydrogels during LIV. Bone marrow analogs with gyroid-based trabeculae of bone volume fractions (BV/TV) corresponding to adult (25%) and aged (13%) mice were printed using polylactic acid (PLA). MSCs encapsulated in migration-permissive hydrogels within printed trabeculae showed robust cell populations on both PLA surface and hydrogel within a week. Following 14 days of LIV treatment (1g, 100 Hz, 1 hour/day), type-I collagen and F-actin were quantified for the cells in the hydrogel fraction. While LIV increased all measured outcomes, FE models predicted higher von Mises strains for the 13% BV/TV groups (0.2%) when compared to the 25% BV/TV group (0.1%). Despite increased strains, collagen-I and F-actin measures remained lower in the 13% BV/TV groups when compared to 25% BV/TV counterparts, indicating that cell response to LIV does not depend on hydrogel strains and that bone volume fraction (i.e. available bone surface) directly affects cell behavior in the hydrogel phase independent of the external stimuli. Overall, bone marrow analogs offer a robust and repeatable platform to study bone mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Regner
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | - Maximilien DeLeon
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University
| | - Kalin D. Gibbons
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | - Sean Howard
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | | | - Trevor J. Lujan
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | | | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University
| | - Danielle Wu
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
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Birks S, Howard S, O’Rourke C, Thompson WR, Lau A, Uzer G. Osterix-driven LINC complex disruption in vivo diminishes bone microarchitecture in 8-week male mice but not after 6-week voluntary wheel running. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554623. [PMID: 37662368 PMCID: PMC10473717 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a crucial connective component between the nuclear envelope and the cytoskeleton involving various cellular processes including nuclear positioning, nuclear architecture, and mechanotransduction. How LINC complexes regulate bone formation in vivo, however, is not well understood. To start bridging this gap, here we created a LINC disruption murine model using transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase enzyme under the control of the Osterix (Osx-Cre) which is primarily active in pre-osteoblasts and floxed Tg(CAG-LacZ/EGFP-KASH2) mice. Tg(CAG-LacZ/EGFP-KASH2) mice contain a lox-STOP-lox flanked LacZ gene which is deleted upon cre recombination allowing for the overexpression of an EGFP-KASH2 fusion protein. This overexpressed protein disrupts endogenous Nesprin-Sun binding leading to disruption of LINC complexes. Thus, crossing these two lines results in a Osx-driven LINC disruption (ODLD) specific to pre-osteoblasts. In this study, we investigated how this LINC disruption affects exercise induced bone accrual. ODLD cells had decreased osteogenic and adipogenic potential in vitro compared to non-disrupted controls and sedentary ODLD mice showed decreased bone quality at 8-weeks. Upon access to a voluntary running wheel ODLD animals showed increased running time and distance; however, our 6-week exercise intervention did not significantly affect bone microarchitecture and bone mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Birks
- Boise State University, Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Sean Howard
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
| | | | | | - Anthony Lau
- The College of New Jersey, Biomedical Engineering
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering
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Li G, Xu Z, Yang M, Ning Y, Ye L, Jiang H, Du Y. Topographic Cues of a PLGA Scaffold Promote Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells through the YAP/β-Catenin Signaling Axis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1598-1607. [PMID: 36861954 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The underlying mechanism of how topographic cues of artificial scaffolds regulate cell function remains poorly understood. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and β-catenin signaling have both been reported to play important roles in mechano-transduction and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) differentiation. We investigated the effects of YAP and β-catenin in spontaneous odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs induced by topographic cues of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) membrane. METHODS The topographic cues and function of a fabricated PLGA scaffold were explored via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), alizarin red staining (ARS), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and pulp capping. Immunohistochemistry (IF), RT-PCR, and western blotting (WB) were used to observe the activation of YAP and β-catenin when DPSCs were cultured on the scaffolds. Further, YAP was inhibited or overexpressed on either side of the PLGA membrane, and YAP, β-catenin, and odontogenic marker expression were analyzed using IF, ARS, and WB. RESULTS The closed side of the PLGA scaffold promoted spontaneous odontogenic differentiation and nuclear translocation of YAP and β-catenin in vitro and in vivo compared to the open side. The YAP antagonist verteporfin inhibited β-catenin expression, nuclear translocation, and odontogenic differentiation on the closed side, but the effects were rescued by LiCl. YAP overexpressing DPSCs on the open side activated β-catenin signaling and promoted odontogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION The topographic cue of our PLGA scaffold promotes odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs and pulp tissue through the YAP/β-catenin signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqing Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Maobin Yang
- Regenerative Health Research Laboratory, Department of Endodontology, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Yang Ning
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Ye
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Du
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
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Baltoumas FA, Sofras D, Apostolakou AE, Litou ZI, Iconomidou VA. NucEnvDB: A Database of Nuclear Envelope Proteins and Their Interactions. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:62. [PMID: 36676869 PMCID: PMC9861991 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) is a double-membrane system surrounding the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. A large number of proteins are localized in the NE, performing a wide variety of functions, from the bidirectional exchange of molecules between the cytoplasm and the nucleus to chromatin tethering, genome organization, regulation of signaling cascades, and many others. Despite its importance, several aspects of the NE, including its protein-protein interactions, remain understudied. In this work, we present NucEnvDB, a publicly available database of NE proteins and their interactions. Each database entry contains useful annotation including a description of its position in the NE, its interactions with other proteins, and cross-references to major biological repositories. In addition, the database provides users with a number of visualization and analysis tools, including the ability to construct and visualize protein-protein interaction networks and perform functional enrichment analysis for clusters of NE proteins and their interaction partners. The capabilities of NucEnvDB and its analysis tools are showcased by two informative case studies, exploring protein-protein interactions in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria and during SARS-CoV-2 infection at the level of the nuclear envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotis A. Baltoumas
- Section of Cell Biology & Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, 34 Fleming St., 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Sofras
- Section of Cell Biology & Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31—Box 2438, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Avgi E. Apostolakou
- Section of Cell Biology & Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi I. Litou
- Section of Cell Biology & Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki A. Iconomidou
- Section of Cell Biology & Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
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Gong X, Sun S, Yang Y, Huang X, Gao X, Jin A, Xu H, Wang X, Liu Y, Liu J, Dai Q, Jiang L. Osteoblastic STAT3 Is Crucial for Orthodontic Force Driving Alveolar Bone Remodeling and Tooth Movement. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:214-227. [PMID: 36370067 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical force is essential to shape the internal architecture and external form of the skeleton by regulating the bone remodeling process. However, the underlying mechanism of how the bone responds to mechanical force remains elusive. Here, we generated both orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model in vivo and a cyclic stretch-loading model in vitro to investigate biomechanical regulation of the alveolar bone. In this study, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was screened as one of the mechanosensitive proteins by protein array analysis of cyclic stretch-loaded bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and was also proven to be activated in osteoblasts in response to the mechanical force during OTM. With an inducible osteoblast linage-specific Stat3 knockout model, we found that Stat3 deletion decelerated the OTM rate and reduced orthodontic force-induced bone remodeling, as indicated by both decreased bone resorption and formation. Both genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 in BMSCs directly inhibited mechanical force-induced osteoblast differentiation and impaired osteoclast formation via osteoblast-osteoclast cross-talk under mechanical force loading. According to RNA-seq analysis of Stat3-deleted BMSCs under mechanical force, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (Mmp3) was screened and predicted to be a downstream target of STAT3. The luciferase and ChIP assays identified that Stat3 could bind to the Mmp3 promotor and upregulate its transcription activity. Furthermore, STAT3-inhibitor decelerated tooth movement through inhibition of the bone resorption activity, as well as MMP3 expression. In summary, our study identified the mechanosensitive characteristics of STAT3 in osteoblasts and highlighted its critical role in force-induced bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement via osteoblast-osteoclast cross-talk. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gong
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Yang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Huang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Anting Jin
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinggang Dai
- The 2nd Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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11
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Matsumoto T, Mukohara A. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis and Vascularization in Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:535-545. [PMID: 35896728 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-01009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether whole-body vibration (WBV) prevented bone loss induced by breast cancer (BC) metastasis and the involvement of bone marrow vasculature. One day after orthotopic transplantation of mammary 4T1 tumor cells, 8-week-old BALB/c mice were subjected to 0.3 g/90 Hz vertical vibration for 20 min/day for 5 days/week (BC-WBV) or sham-handled (BC-Sham) over 3 weeks. Age-matched intact mice (Intact) were also sham-handled. Both tibiae were harvested from BC-WBV (n = 7), BC-Sham (n = 9), and Intact (n = 5) mice for bone structure imaging by synchrotron radiation-based computed tomography (SRCT) and hematoxylin and eosin staining, whereas right tibiae were harvested from other BC-WBV and BC-Sham (n = 6 each) mice for vascular imaging by SRCT. Tumor cells were similarly widespread in the marrow in BC-WBV and BC-Sham mice. In BC-Sham mice, cortical bone volume, trabecular volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular number density, and bone mineral density were smaller, and marrow volume and trabecular separation were larger than in Intact mice. However, although trabecular thickness was smaller in BC-WBV than Intact mice, the others did not differ between the two groups. Serum osteocalcin tended to be higher in BC-WBV than BC-Sham mice. Compared with BC-Sham mice, BC-WBV mice had a smaller vessel diameter, a trend of a larger vessel number density, and smaller vessel diameter heterogeneity. In conclusion, WBV mitigates bone loss in BC bone metastasis, which may be partly due to increased bone anabolism. The alteration of marrow vasculature appears to be favorable for anti-tumor drug delivery. Further studies are needed to clarify the multiple actions of WBV on bone, tumor, and marrow vasculature and how they contribute to bone protection in BC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Matsumoto
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Tokushima University Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, 770-8506, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Mukohara
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Tokushima University Faculty of Science and Technology, 770-8506, Tokushima, Japan
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12
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Ueda N, Maekawa M, Matsui TS, Deguchi S, Takata T, Katahira J, Higashiyama S, Hieda M. Inner Nuclear Membrane Protein, SUN1, is Required for Cytoskeletal Force Generation and Focal Adhesion Maturation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:885859. [PMID: 35663386 PMCID: PMC9157646 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.885859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is composed of the inner nuclear membrane-spanning SUN proteins and the outer nuclear membrane-spanning nesprin proteins. The LINC complex physically connects the nucleus and plasma membrane via the actin cytoskeleton to perform diverse functions including mechanotransduction from the extracellular environment to the nucleus. Mammalian somatic cells express two principal SUN proteins, namely SUN1 and SUN2. We have previously reported that SUN1, but not SUN2, is essential for directional cell migration; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Because the balance between adhesive force and traction force is critical for cell migration, in the present study, we focused on focal adhesions (FAs) and the actin cytoskeleton. We observed that siRNA-mediated SUN1 depletion did not affect the recruitment of integrin β1, one of the ubiquitously expressed focal adhesion molecules, to the plasma membrane. Consistently, SUN1-depleted cells normally adhered to extracellular matrix proteins, including collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin. In contrast, SUN1 depletion reduced the activation of integrin β1. Strikingly, the depletion of SUN1 interfered with the incorporation of vinculin into the focal adhesions, whereas no significant differences in the expression of vinculin were observed between wild-type and SUN1-depleted cells. In addition, SUN1 depletion suppressed the recruitment of zyxin to nascent focal adhesions. These data indicate that SUN1 is involved in the maturation of focal adhesions. Moreover, disruption of the SUN1-containing LINC complex abrogates the actin cytoskeleton and generation of intracellular traction force, despite the presence of SUN2. Thus, a physical link between the nucleus and cytoskeleton through SUN1 is required for the proper organization of actin, thereby suppressing the incorporation of vinculin and zyxin into focal adhesions and the activation of integrin β1, both of which are dependent on traction force. This study provides insights into a previously unappreciated signaling pathway from the nucleus to the cytoskeleton, which is in the opposite direction to the well-known mechanotransduction pathways from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Ueda
- Department of Medical Technology, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Japan
| | - Masashi Maekawa
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Deguchi
- Division of Bioengineering, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Takata
- Department of Medical Technology, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Japan
| | - Jun Katahira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Oncogenesis and Growth Regulation, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miki Hieda
- Department of Medical Technology, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Japan
- *Correspondence: Miki Hieda,
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13
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Chiarini F, Paganelli F, Balestra T, Capanni C, Fazio A, Manara MC, Landuzzi L, Petrini S, Evangelisti C, Lollini PL, Martelli AM, Lattanzi G, Scotlandi K. Lamin A and the LINC complex act as potential tumor suppressors in Ewing Sarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:346. [PMID: 35422060 PMCID: PMC9010457 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A, a main constituent of the nuclear lamina, is involved in mechanosignaling and cell migration through dynamic interactions with the LINC complex, formed by the nuclear envelope proteins SUN1, SUN2 and the nesprins. Here, we investigated lamin A role in Ewing Sarcoma (EWS), an aggressive bone tumor affecting children and young adults. In patients affected by EWS, we found a significant inverse correlation between LMNA gene expression and tumor aggressiveness. Accordingly, in experimental in vitro models, low lamin A expression correlated with enhanced cell migration and invasiveness and, in vivo, with an increased metastatic load. At the molecular level, this condition was linked to altered expression and anchorage of nuclear envelope proteins and increased nuclear retention of YAP/TAZ, a mechanosignaling effector. Conversely, overexpression of lamin A rescued LINC complex organization, thus reducing YAP/TAZ nuclear recruitment and preventing cell invasiveness. These effects were also obtained through modulation of lamin A maturation by a statin-based pharmacological treatment that further elicited a more differentiated phenotype in EWS cells. These results demonstrate that drugs inducing nuclear envelope remodeling could be exploited to improve therapeutic strategies for EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chiarini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Paganelli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy.,Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tommaso Balestra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy.,Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonietta Fazio
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Landuzzi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier-Luigi Lollini
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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14
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Takata T, Matsumura M. The LINC Complex Assists the Nuclear Import of Mechanosensitive Transcriptional Regulators. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:315-337. [PMID: 36348113 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces play pivotal roles in directing cell functions and fate. To elicit gene expression, either intrinsic or extrinsic mechanical information are transmitted into the nucleus beyond the nuclear envelope via at least two distinct pathways, possibly more. The first and well-known pathway utilizes the canonical nuclear transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators through the nuclear pore complex, which is an exclusive route for macromolecular trafficking between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. The second pathway depends on the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which is a molecular bridge traversing the nuclear envelope between the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton. This protein complex is a central component in mechanotransduction at the nuclear envelope that transmits mechanical information from the cytoskeleton into the nucleus to influence the nuclear structure, nuclear stiffness, chromatin organization, and gene expression. Besides the mechanical force transducing function, recent increasing evidence shows that the LINC complex plays a role in controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here we discuss recent findings regarding the contribution of the LINC complex to the regulation of intracellular localization of the most-notable mechanosensitive transcriptional regulators, β-catenin, YAP, and TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Takata
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan
| | - Miki Matsumura
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan.
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15
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Hao Z, Xu Z, Wang X, Wang Y, Li H, Chen T, Hu Y, Chen R, Huang K, Chen C, Li J. Biophysical Stimuli as the Fourth Pillar of Bone Tissue Engineering. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:790050. [PMID: 34858997 PMCID: PMC8630705 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The repair of critical bone defects remains challenging worldwide. Three canonical pillars (biomaterial scaffolds, bioactive molecules, and stem cells) of bone tissue engineering have been widely used for bone regeneration in separate or combined strategies, but the delivery of bioactive molecules has several obvious drawbacks. Biophysical stimuli have great potential to become the fourth pillar of bone tissue engineering, which can be categorized into three groups depending on their physical properties: internal structural stimuli, external mechanical stimuli, and electromagnetic stimuli. In this review, distinctive biophysical stimuli coupled with their osteoinductive windows or parameters are initially presented to induce the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Then, osteoinductive mechanisms of biophysical transduction (a combination of mechanotransduction and electrocoupling) are reviewed to direct the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. These mechanisms include biophysical sensing, transmission, and regulation. Furthermore, distinctive application strategies of biophysical stimuli are presented for bone tissue engineering, including predesigned biomaterials, tissue-engineered bone grafts, and postoperative biophysical stimuli loading strategies. Finally, ongoing challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanke Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingkun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Renxin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kegang Huang
- Wuhan Institute of Proactive Health Management Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Hefeng Central Hospital, Enshi, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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