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Sánchez-Melgar A, Albasanz JL, Guixà-González R, Saleh N, Selent J, Martín M. The antioxidant resveratrol acts as a non-selective adenosine receptor agonist. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:261-273. [PMID: 30898665 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenolic antioxidant with a proven protective role in several human diseases involving oxidative stress, although the molecular mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. The present work tried to elucidate the molecular mechanism of RSV's role on signal transduction modulation. Our biochemical analysis, including radioligand binding, real time PCR, western blotting and adenylyl cyclase activity, and computational studies provide insights into the RSV binding pathway, kinetics and the most favored binding pose involving adenosine receptors, mainly A2A subtype. In this study, we show that RSV target adenosine receptors (AdoRs), affecting gene expression, receptor levels, and the downstream adenylyl cyclase (AC)/PKA pathway. Our data demonstrate that RSV activates AdoRs. Moreover, RSV activate A2A receptors by directly binding to the classical orthosteric binding site. Intriguingly, RSV-induced receptor activation can stimulate or inhibit AC activity depending on concentration and exposure time. Such subtle and multifaceted regulation of the AdoRs/AC/PKA pathway might contribute to the protective role of RSV. Our findings suggest that RSV molecular action is mediated, at least in part, by activation of adenosine receptors and create the opportunity to interrogate the therapeutic use of RSV in pathological conditions involving AdoRs, such as Alzheimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sánchez-Melgar
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, CRIB, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J L Albasanz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, CRIB, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad Real, Camino Moledores s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - R Guixà-González
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N Saleh
- Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Biology Department, Biocenter, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Selent
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) & Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, CRIB, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad Real, Camino Moledores s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Sánchez-melgar A, Albasanz JL, Palomera-ávalos V, Pallàs M, Martín M. Resveratrol Modulates and Reverses the Age-Related Effect on Adenosine-Mediated Signalling in SAMP8 Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:2881-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1281-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Cunha RA. How does adenosine control neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration? J Neurochem 2016; 139:1019-1055. [PMID: 27365148 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine modulation system mostly operates through inhibitory A1 (A1 R) and facilitatory A2A receptors (A2A R) in the brain. The activity-dependent release of adenosine acts as a brake of excitatory transmission through A1 R, which are enriched in glutamatergic terminals. Adenosine sharpens salience of information encoding in neuronal circuits: high-frequency stimulation triggers ATP release in the 'activated' synapse, which is locally converted by ecto-nucleotidases into adenosine to selectively activate A2A R; A2A R switch off A1 R and CB1 receptors, bolster glutamate release and NMDA receptors to assist increasing synaptic plasticity in the 'activated' synapse; the parallel engagement of the astrocytic syncytium releases adenosine further inhibiting neighboring synapses, thus sharpening the encoded plastic change. Brain insults trigger a large outflow of adenosine and ATP, as a danger signal. A1 R are a hurdle for damage initiation, but they desensitize upon prolonged activation. However, if the insult is near-threshold and/or of short-duration, A1 R trigger preconditioning, which may limit the spread of damage. Brain insults also up-regulate A2A R, probably to bolster adaptive changes, but this heightens brain damage since A2A R blockade affords neuroprotection in models of epilepsy, depression, Alzheimer's, or Parkinson's disease. This initially involves a control of synaptotoxicity by neuronal A2A R, whereas astrocytic and microglia A2A R might control the spread of damage. The A2A R signaling mechanisms are largely unknown since A2A R are pleiotropic, coupling to different G proteins and non-canonical pathways to control the viability of glutamatergic synapses, neuroinflammation, mitochondria function, and cytoskeleton dynamics. Thus, simultaneously bolstering A1 R preconditioning and preventing excessive A2A R function might afford maximal neuroprotection. The main physiological role of the adenosine modulation system is to sharp the salience of information encoding through a combined action of adenosine A2A receptors (A2A R) in the synapse undergoing an alteration of synaptic efficiency with an increased inhibitory action of A1 R in all surrounding synapses. Brain insults trigger an up-regulation of A2A R in an attempt to bolster adaptive plasticity together with adenosine release and A1 R desensitization; this favors synaptotocity (increased A2A R) and decreases the hurdle to undergo degeneration (decreased A1 R). Maximal neuroprotection is expected to result from a combined A2A R blockade and increased A1 R activation. This article is part of a mini review series: "Synaptic Function and Dysfunction in Brain Diseases".
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,FMUC-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Gao XP, Rubinstein I. E. coli lipopolysaccharide attenuates adenosine A(1) receptor-mediated increase in plasma exudation from the hamster cheek pouch. Inflamm Res 2011; 60:195-201. [PMID: 20924638 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-010-0254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN To determine whether exposure to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modulates adenosine A(1) receptor-induced increase in plasma exudation from the intact hamster cheek pouch microcirculation. METHODS AND RESULTS Using intravital microscopy, we found that suffusion of R(-)-N(6)-(2-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine (R(-)-PIA) (1.0 and 10.0 nM), a selective adenosine A(1) receptor agonist, onto the intact cheek pouch elicited significant, concentration-dependent leaky site formation and increase in clearance of fluorescein thioisocyanate-dextran (mol mass, 70 kDa) from post-capillary venules (p < 0.05). These responses were significantly attenuated by pre-treatment of hamsters with LPS (p < 0.05). By contrast, LPS had no significant effects on CGS-21680-, a selective adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist, bradykinin- and substance P-induced increases in plasma exudation from the cheek pouch. CONCLUSION These data indicate that LPS attenuates adenosine A(1) receptor-induced increase in plasma exudation in vivo in a specific fashion. We suggest that this phenomenon represents an endogenous anti-inflammatory cue to avoid excessive inflammation during Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Mundell S, Kelly E. Adenosine receptor desensitization and trafficking. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1808:1319-28. [PMID: 20550943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As with the majority of G-protein-coupled receptors, all four of the adenosine receptor subtypes are known to undergo agonist-induced regulation in the form of desensitization and trafficking. These processes can limit the ability of adenosine receptors to couple to intracellular signalling pathways and thus reduce the ability of adenosine receptor agonists as well as endogenous adenosine to produce cellular responses. In addition, since adenosine receptors couple to multiple signalling pathways, these pathways may desensitize differentially, while the desensitization of one pathway could even trigger signalling via another. Thus, the overall picture of adenosine receptor regulation can be complex. For all adenosine receptor subtypes, there is evidence to implicate arrestins in agonist-induced desensitization and trafficking, but there is also evidence for other possible forms of regulation, including second messenger-dependent kinase regulation, heterologous effects involving G proteins, and the involvement of non-clathrin trafficking pathways such as caveolae. In this review, the evidence implicating these mechanisms is summarized for each adenosine receptor subtype, and we also discuss those issues of adenosine receptor regulation that remain to be resolved as well as likely directions for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Mundell
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Roman V, Keijser JN, Luiten PG, Meerlo P. Repetitive stimulation of adenosine A1 receptors in vivo: Changes in receptor numbers, G-proteins and A1 receptor agonist-induced hypothermia. Brain Res 2008; 1191:69-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2007] [Revised: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Klaasse EC, Ijzerman AP, de Grip WJ, Beukers MW. Internalization and desensitization of adenosine receptors. Purinergic Signal. 2008;4:21-37. [PMID: 18368531 PMCID: PMC2245999 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-007-9086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Until now, more than 800 distinct G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified in the human genome. The four subtypes of the adenosine receptor (A1, A2A, A2B and A3 receptor) belong to this large family of GPCRs that represent the most widely targeted pharmacological protein class. Since adenosine receptors are widespread throughout the body and involved in a variety of physiological processes and diseases, there is great interest in understanding how the different subtypes are regulated, as a basis for designing therapeutic drugs that either avoid or make use of this regulation. The major GPCR regulatory pathway involves phosphorylation of activated receptors by G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs), a process that is followed by binding of arrestin proteins. This prevents receptors from activating downstream heterotrimeric G protein pathways, but at the same time allows activation of arrestin-dependent signalling pathways. Upon agonist treatment, adenosine receptor subtypes are differently regulated. For instance, the A1Rs are not (readily) phosphorylated and internalize slowly, showing a typical half-life of several hours, whereas the A2AR and A2BR undergo much faster downregulation, usually shorter than 1 h. The A3R is subject to even faster downregulation, often a matter of minutes. The fast desensitization of the A3R after agonist exposure may be therapeutically equivalent to antagonist occupancy of the receptor. This review describes the process of desensitization and internalization of the different adenosine subtypes in cell systems, tissues and in vivo studies. In addition, molecular mechanisms involved in adenosine receptor desensitization are discussed.
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Breschi MC, Blandizzi C, Fogli S, Martinelli C, Adinolfi B, Calderone V, Camici M, Martinotti E, Nieri P. In vivo adenosine A(2B) receptor desensitization in guinea-pig airway smooth muscle: implications for asthma. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 575:149-57. [PMID: 17716655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Revised: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at characterizing the role of adenosine receptor subtypes in the contractility modulation of guinea-pig airway smooth muscle in normal and pathological settings. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed by testing selective agonists and antagonists on isolated tracheal smooth muscle preparations and pulmonary inflation pressure, respectively, under normal conditions or following ovalbumin-induced allergic sensitization. In normal and sensitized animals, the adenosine A(2A)/A(2B) receptor agonist, NECA, evoked relaxing responses of isolated tracheal preparations precontracted with histamine, and such an effect was reversed by the adenosine A(2B) antagonist, MRS 1706, in the presence or in the absence of epithelium. The expression of mRNA coding for adenosine A(2B) receptors was demonstrated in tracheal specimens. In vitro desensitization with 100 microM NECA markedly reduced the relaxing effect of the agonist. In vivo NECA or adenosine administration to normal animals inhibited histamine-mediated bronchoconstriction, while these inhibitory effects no longer occurred in sensitized guinea-pigs. Adenosine plasma levels were significantly higher in sensitized than normal animals. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that: (i) adenosine A(2B) receptors are responsible for the relaxing effects of adenosine on guinea-pig airways; (ii) these receptors can undergo rapid adaptive changes that may affect airway smooth muscle responsiveness to adenosine; (iii) ovalbumin-induced sensitization promotes a reversible inactivation of adenosine A(2B) receptors which can be ascribed to homologous desensitization. These findings can be relevant to better understand adenosine functions in airways as well as mechanisms of action of asthma therapies targeting the adenosine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Breschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Abstract
Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are highly expressed in striatum. However, they are also present in extrastriatal structures. A2AR were studied in post-mortem human frontal cortex from Pick's disease (PiD) and age-matched non-demented controls by radioligand binding assays, Western-blotting, real-time PCR and adenylyl cyclase activity determination. Saturation binding assay using [3H]ZM 241385, a selective A2A antagonist, as radioligand revealed a significant increase in total adenosine A2AR numbers (Bmax) in frontal cortex from PiD samples (191% of control Bmax), suggesting up-regulation of this receptor. A significant increase in the level of A2AR was also detected by Western-blotting. Furthermore, expression of mRNA coding A2AR determined by quantitative real-time PCR was enhanced. In agreement, stimulation of adenylyl cyclase by CGS 21680, a selective A2A receptor agonist, was significantly strengthened. Up-regulation of A2B receptors and their corresponding mRNA was also observed. These results show that A2A adenosine receptor/adenylyl cyclase transduction pathway is up-regulated and sensitized in frontal cortex brain from PiD.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luís Albasanz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Agustín Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, campus de Bellvitge, and
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, campus de Bellvitge, and
- Instituto de Neuropatología, Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, IDIBELL‐Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mairena Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Rodríguez A, Martín M, Albasanz JL, Barrachina M, Espinosa JC, Torres JM, Ferrer I. Adenosine A1 Receptor Protein Levels and Activity Is Increased in the Cerebral Cortex in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and in Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy-Infected Bovine-PrP Mice. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2006; 65:964-75. [PMID: 17021401 DOI: 10.1097/01.jnen.0000235120.59935.f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are characterized by neuronal loss, astrocytic gliosis, spongiform change, and abnormal protease-resistant prion protein (PrP) deposition. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most prevalent human prion disease, whereas scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) are the most common animal prion diseases. Several candidates have been proposed as mediators of degeneration in prion diseases, one of them glutamate. Recent studies have shown reduced metabotropic glutamate receptor/phospholipase C signaling in the cerebral cortex in CJD, suggesting that this important neuromodulator and neuroprotector pathway is attenuated in CJD. Adenosine is involved in the regulation of different metabolic processes under physiological and pathologic conditions. Adenosine function is mediated by adenosine receptors, which are categorized into 4 types: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. A1Rs are G-protein-coupled receptors that induce the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity. The most dramatic inhibitory actions of adenosine receptors are on the glutamatergic system. For these reasons, we examined the levels of A1Rs in the frontal cortex of 12 patients with CJD and 6 age-matched controls and in BSE-infected bovine-PrP transgenic mice (BoPrP-Tg110 mice) at different postincubation times to address modifications in A1Rs with disease progression. A significant increase in the protein levels of A1Rs was found in the cerebral cortex in CJD and in the murine BSE model at advanced stages of the disease and coincidental with the appearance of PrP expression. In addition, the activity of A1Rs was analyzed by in vitro assays with isolated membranes of the frontal cortex in CJD. Increased activity of the receptor, as revealed by the decreased forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in response to the A1R agonists cyclohexyl adenosine and cyclopentyl adenosine, was observed in CJD cases when compared with controls. Finally, mRNA A1R levels were similar in CJD and control cases, thus suggesting abnormal A1R turnover or dysregulation of raft-associated signaling pathways in CJD. These results show, for the first time, sensitization of A1Rs in prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Rodríguez
- Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei Anatomia Patològica, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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