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He MM, Wang K, Lo CH, Zhang Y, Polychronidis G, Knudsen MD, Zhong R, Ma Y, Wu K, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Ogino S, Ng K, Meyerhardt JA, Song M. Post-diagnostic multivitamin supplement use and colorectal cancer survival: A prospective cohort study. Cancer 2024; 130:2169-2179. [PMID: 38319287 PMCID: PMC11141725 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of multivitamin supplements has been associated with lower incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its influence on CRC survival remains unknown. METHODS Among 2424 patients with stage I-III CRC who provided detailed information about multivitamin supplements in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, the authors calculated multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of multivitamin supplements for all-cause and CRC-specific mortality according to post-diagnostic use and dose of multivitamin supplements. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 11 years, the authors documented 1512 deaths, among which 343 were of CRC. Compared to non-users, post-diagnostic users of multivitamin supplements at a dose of 3-5 tablets/week had lower CRC-specific mortality (HR, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36-0.83, p = .005), and post-diagnostic users at doses of 3-5 and 6-9 tablets/week had lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67-0.99, p = .04; HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.88), p < .001). The dose-response analysis showed a curvilinear relationship for both CRC-specific (pnonlinearity < .001) and all-cause mortality (pnonlinearity = .004), with the maximum risk reduction observed at 3-5 tablets/week and no further reduction at higher doses. Compared to non-users in both pre- and post-diagnosis periods, new post-diagnostic users at dose of <10 tablets/week had a lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.94, p = .005), whereas new users at a dose of ≥10 tablets/week (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.07-2.33) and discontinued users (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.14-1.59) had a higher risk of mortality. CONCLUSIONS Use of multivitamin supplements at a moderate dose after a diagnosis of nonmetastatic CRC is associated with lower CRC-specific and overall mortality, whereas a high dose (≥10 tablets/week) use is associated with higher CRC-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-ming He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun-Han Lo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Polychronidis
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Study Centre of the German Surgical Society, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus D Knudsen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Alsharif SA, Baradwan S, Alshahrani MS, Khadawardi K, AlSghan R, Badghish E, Bukhari IA, Alyousef A, Khuraybah AM, Alomar O, Abu-Zaid A. Effect of Oral Consumption of Vitamin D on Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:226-235. [PMID: 38234246 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2288716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Impaired vitamin D status is highly prevalent among women with UFs. The objective of this first-ever systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the size of uterine fibroids (UFs). We performed a comprehensive literature search for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to September 2022. Five trials including 511 participants (256 cases and 255 controls) were included. Pooling results from five trials, which compared size of UFs between experimental and placebo groups, revealed that vitamin D supplementation could significantly decrease the size of UFs (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.66, -0.31) and cause improvement in serum level of vitamin D compared to placebo group (SMD: 3.1, 95% CI: 0.66, 5.55). A significant effect was observed in the subset of trials administering vitamin D supplementation for >8 wk (SMD: -0.62, 95% CI: -0.88, -0.37). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation significantly increases serum levels of vitamin D and reduces the size of UFs. However, larger, well-designed RCTs are still needed to determine the effect of vitamin D on other parameters of UFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Abdullah Alsharif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Baradwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Khadawardi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan AlSghan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Badghish
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtihal Abdulaziz Bukhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alyousef
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Osama Alomar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sadeghian HK, Mohri M. Comparison of serum 25(OH) vitamin D, parathormone and immunity marker concentrations between dogs with transmissible venereal tumour and healthy dogs. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2026-2031. [PMID: 37534440 PMCID: PMC10508550 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2 D) is vital in the homeostasis of calcium and bone health as well as in the prevention of many disorders such as neoplasms. Epidemiological data show that low concentrations of both 1,25(OH)2 D and its precursor 25(OH) vitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of a variety of human tumours. OBJECTIVES To investigate 25(OH)D, parathormone (PTH) and immunity marker concentrations in dogs with transmissible venereal tumour (TVT). METHODS 25(OH)D, PTH and various biochemical and immunity markers were evaluated in dogs with TVT (n = 26) and in healthy (n = 30) dogs. RESULTS 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with TVT in comparison with healthy dogs. In contrast, PTH, immunoglobulin G and interleukin (IL)-9 concentrations were higher in the dogs with TVT. Other variables, including IL-10, interferon γ, calcium and inorganic phosphate, were not statistically different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Decreased serum 25(OH)D concentration may be a risk factor for the development of canine TVT; however, cause-and-effect remains incompletely understood. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact role of 25(OH)D in canine TVT and whether vitamin D supplementation may be useful prophylactically or as an adjunct to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Kamali Sadeghian
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Mehrdad Mohri
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
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Inamura K, Hamada T, Bullman S, Ugai T, Yachida S, Ogino S. Cancer as microenvironmental, systemic and environmental diseases: opportunity for transdisciplinary microbiomics science. Gut 2022; 71:gutjnl-2022-327209. [PMID: 35820782 PMCID: PMC9834441 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is generally regarded as a localised disease, with the well-established role of the tumour microenvironment. However, the realm of cancer goes beyond the tumour microenvironment, and cancer should also be regarded as a systemic and environmental disease. The exposome (ie, the totality of exposures), which encompasses diets, supplements, smoking, alcohol, other lifestyle factors, medications, etc, likely alters the microbiome (inclusive of bacteria, viruses, archaea, fungi, parasites, etc) and immune system in various body sites and influences tumour phenotypes. The systemic metabolic/inflammatory status, which is likely influenced by exposures and intestinal physiological changes, may affect tissue microenvironment of colorectum and any other organs. Germline genomic factors can modify disease phenotypes via gene-by-environment interactions. Although challenges exist, it is crucial to advance not only basic experimental research that can analyse the effects of exposures, microorganisms and microenvironmental components on tumour evolution but also interdisciplinary human population research that can dissect the complex pathogenic roles of the exposome, microbiome and immunome. Metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and metabolomic analyses should be integrated into well-designed population research combined with advanced methodologies of artificial intelligence and molecular pathological epidemiology. Ideally, a prospective cohort study design that enables biospecimen (such as stool) collection before disease detection should be considered to address reverse causation and recall biases. Robust experimental and observational research together can provide insights into dynamic interactions between environmental exposures, microbiota, tumour and immunity during carcinogenesis processes, thereby helping us develop precision prevention and therapeutic strategies to ultimately reduce the cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Villani ER, Fusco D, Franza L, Onder G, Bernabei R, Colloca GF. Characteristics of patients with cancer in European long-term care facilities. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:671-678. [PMID: 34590240 PMCID: PMC8894167 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Up to 26% of residents in nursing homes (NHs) are affected by cancer. Their care represents a challenge, because NHs are not usually considered a setting focused on oncologic management and care. The aim of this paper is to describe socio-demographic and clinical features of patients with cancer residing in European NHs. Methods Cross-sectional study based on data from the Services and Health for Elderly in Long TERm care (SHELTER) study. Participants were assessed through the interRAI-LTCF, which includes cancer assessment. Results Among 4140 participants (mean age 83.4 years; female 73%), 442 (10.7%) had cancer. Patients with cancer had a higher prevalence of do-not-resuscitate directives compared to those without cancer (21.1% vs 16.5%, p = 0.019). Variables directly associated with cancer were male sex (adj OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.36–2.05), pain (adj OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.16–1.77), fatigue (adj OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01–1.55), polypharmacy (adj OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.21–2.08) and falls (adj OR. 1.30, 95% CI 1.01–1.67). Dementia was inversely associated with cancer (adj OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.58–0.94). Symptomatic drugs such as opioids (23.5% vs 12.2, p < .001), NSAIDS (7.2% vs 3.9%, p = 0.001), antidepressants (39.1% vs 33.8%, p = 0.026) and benzodiazepines (40.3% vs 34.3, p = 0.012) were all prescribed more in participants with cancer compared to those without cancer. Conclusions Cancer patients are prevalent in European NHs and they show peculiar characteristics. Studies are needed to evaluate the impact of a supportive care approach on the management of NHs residents with cancer throughout all its phases, until the end-of-life care
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Rocco Villani
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito n°8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenico Fusco
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito n°8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Franza
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Graziano Onder
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito n°8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bernabei
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito n°8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferdinando Colloca
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito n°8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Radioterapiche ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Atoum MF, Alzoughool FE, Al-Mazaydeh ZA, Rammaha MS, Tahtamouni LH. Vitamin B12 enhances the antitumor activity of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 via activation of caspases and targeting actin cytoskeleton. Tumour Biol 2022; 44:17-35. [PMID: 35180142 DOI: 10.3233/tub-211536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is an effective anticancer agent, and when combined with other agents it shows superior activities. Vitamin B12 has been shown to contribute to increasing the effectiveness of anticancer drugs when used in combination. Thus, the current study aimed at investigating the anticancer potential of the combination of 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12. METHODS MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic activity of combining 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12 against six different cancer cell lines and one normal cell line. The surviving fraction after clonogenic assay was measured, and the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3/B12 combination on the activity of different caspases, cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton, cell morphology, and percentage of polarized cells were evaluated. RESULTS Vitamin B12 did not cause cytotoxicity, however, it enhanced the cytotoxicity of 1,25(OH)2D3 against cancer cells. The cytotoxic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its combination with vitamin B12 was not evident in the normal mammary MCF10A cell line indicating cancer cell-specificity. The cytotoxic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3/B12 combination occurred in a dose-dependent manner and was attributed to apoptosis induction which was mediated by caspase 4 and 8. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3/B12-treated cells showed enhanced inhibition of clonogenic tumor growth, reduced cell adhesion, reduced cell area, reduced percentage of cell polarization, and disorganized actin cytoskeleton resulting in reduced migratory phenotype when compared to cells treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 alone. CONCLUSION 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12 exhibited synergistic anticancer effects against different cancer cell lines. The combination therapy of 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12 may provide a potential adjunctive treatment option for some cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar F Atoum
- Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Foad E Alzoughool
- Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Fujairah Women's College, Higher Colleges Technology, UAE
| | - Zainab A Al-Mazaydeh
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Majdoleen S Rammaha
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Lubna H Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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7
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Vaccines, Microbiota and Immunonutrition: Food for Thought. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020294. [PMID: 35214752 PMCID: PMC8874781 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are among the most effective health measures and have contributed to eradicating some diseases. Despite being very effective, response rates are low in some individuals. Different factors have been proposed to explain why some people are not as responsive as others, but what appears to be of critical importance is the presence of a healthy functioning immune system. In this respect, a key factor in modulating the immune system, both in its adaptive and innate components, is the microbiota. While microbiota can be modulated in different ways (i.e., antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics), an effective and somewhat obvious mechanism is via nutrition. The science of nutrients and their therapeutic application is called immunonutrition, and it is increasingly being considered in several conditions. Our review will focus on the importance of nutrition and microbiota modulation in promoting a healthy immune system while also discussing the overall impact on vaccination response.
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Ozmen V, Ordu C, Ilgun AS, Unal C, Soybir G, Erdogan Z, Kayan Tapan T, Aktepe F, Alco G, Duymaz T, Ozmen T. The effects of vitamin D replacement on pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (NAC). Breast J 2021; 27:902-905. [PMID: 34806247 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahit Ozmen
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cetin Ordu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Serkan Ilgun
- Department of General Surgery, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caglar Unal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gursel Soybir
- Department of General Surgery, Sisli Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Erdogan
- Department of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Kayan Tapan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Aktepe
- Department of Pathology, Sisli Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Alco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tomris Duymaz
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Ozmen
- Department of General Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
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Ai M, Li SS, Chen H, Wang XT, Sun JN, Hou B, Cai WW, Zhou YT, Qiu LY. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 attenuates sleep disturbance in mouse models of Lewis lung cancer, in silico and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7473-7490. [PMID: 34061988 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Many clinical studies have reported that patients diagnosed with cancer will suffer from sleep disturbance during their clinical process, especially among lung cancer patients, and this effect will not easily subside. 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin-D3 [1,25(OH)2 D3 ], the activated form of vitamin D, can participate in neuronal differentiation and prevent damage to the nervous system. However, little is known about the potential therapeutic effects of cancer-related psychiatric symptoms. In light of this, we hypothesized that a low circulating level of vitamin D was related to sleep quality in the presence of a tumor, 1,25(OH)2 D3 may be an effective way to ameliorate sleep disturbance and neurochemical alterations along with the cancer progress. Male C57BL/6 mice were implanted with intracranial transmitters to monitor electroencephalogram and were subcutaneously inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells. The results demonstrated that on Days 19-20, tumor-bearing mice displayed fragmented sleep, shortened wake phase, prolonged sleep in the non-rapid eye movement phase, and the levels of vitamin D-associated genes in the brain had changed a lot compared to control mice. Importantly, 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment really effectively saved the sleep quality of tumor-bearing mice. We further explored and confirmed that 1,25(OH)2 D3 repressed tumor-induced neuroinflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-2), enhanced neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], glialcellline-derived neurotrophic factor) and 5-HT system in the hippocampus, hypothalamus or cortex. A molecular docking approah manifested the ability of 1,25(OH)2 D3 to affect the activity of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and BDNF. Together, our results suggested that 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment may attenuate sleep disturbance in Lewis lung cancer-bearing mice, and become a promising strategy for treating cancer symptom clusters to ameliorate the quality of life of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ai
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Hong Chen
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi-Ting Wang
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang-Nan Sun
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao Hou
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Wei Cai
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue-Tao Zhou
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Ying Qiu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Di Capua B, Bellieni A, Fusco D, Gambacorta MA, Tagliaferri L, Villani ER, Bernabei R, Valentini V, Colloca GF. Perspectives and limits of cancer treatment in an oldest old population. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2831-2837. [PMID: 33704699 PMCID: PMC8531055 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population of oldest old will grow dramatically in the next future and cancer, physiologically related to aging, will be very prevalent among them. Lack of evidence is a huge problem to manage cancer in oldest old and will be more and more in the next years. AIMS Our purpose was to investigate the characteristics of a population of oldest old patients with cancer treated in the Radiation Oncology Unit of Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study. The primary outcome was to evaluate which characteristics of the population could influence the choice of oncological treatment (with radical or non-radical intent). RESULTS We identified a total of 348 patients: 140 were on follow-up; 177 were under treatment; 31 were considered not eligible for treatments. Patients under treatment had a high comorbidity index (mean Charlson Comorbidity Index 5.4), and a high prevalence of polypharmacy (mean number of drugs 5.6). More than half (53.1%) was treated with radical intent. Patients treated with radical intent were 1 year younger (87.1 years old vs 88.1 years old), more performant (ECOG 0.7 vs 1.3), and had less prevalence of metastatic neoplasia (6.4% vs 34.9%); comorbidities and drugs did not show differences in the two groups. CONCLUSION Oldest old, usually not considered in international guidelines, are treated for oncological disease, often with radical intent. The treatment seems not to be tailored considering comorbidities but on performance status.
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Yuen RCF, Tsao SY. Embracing cancer immunotherapy with vital micronutrients. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:712-724. [PMID: 34631438 PMCID: PMC8479349 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i9.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is now commonly prescribed to cancer patients, but autoimmune-related adverse events are considerable. For severe, life-threatening side effects, cessation of therapy seems unavoidable, let alone intensive medical care required for patching up the adverse events. Even without serious adverse events, the response rates are too low and various combinatory regimens have been tried. However, toxicities are also added on, unless the adjuvant agents have remarkably few side effects. Actually, micronutrients are usually taken by a majority of cancer patients as nutritional support or to boost the immune function, let alone hoping to counteract treatment side effects. Recent studies have shown that combinations of micronutrients exert pleiotropic effects in controlling tumor growth and metastasis by modulating the tumor microenvironment, enhancing gut microbiota immune functions, and providing adjunct nutritional support to micronutrient deficient cancer patients. A higher than recommended dietary allowance micronutrient dose is proposed to reduce the toxic free radicals generated as a result of immunotherapy and tumor metabolism. This is not only helpful for managing treatment side effects but also enhancing treatment efficacy. As micronutrient supplementation is also useful to improve patients’ quality of life, prolong survival, and sustain compliance to immunotherapy, further investigations are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond C-F Yuen
- Department of Occupational and Family Medicine, Hosanna Clinic, Singapore 370051, Singapore
| | - Shiu-Ying Tsao
- Department of Clinical Research, Hong Kong SAR Oncology Centre, Hong Kong, China
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12
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Gaudio A, Xourafa A, Rapisarda R, Castellino P. Therapeutic Options in the Management of Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Bone Loss. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:259-273. [PMID: 34370654 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210809153152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women worldwide. Early breast cancer is a kind of invasive neoplasm that has not proliferated beyond the breast or the axillary lymph nodes. Current therapeutic strategies for breast cancer mainly include local therapies such as surgery or radiotherapy and systemic therapies like chemotherapy, endocrine, and targeted therapy.Nowadays, the adjuvant treatment for hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer in postmenopausal women remains the main effective systemic therapy which can improve disease-free survival and overall survival; it involves several endocrine treatment regimens including selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors (AIs), or a combination of them. AIs have been shown to be more effective in preventing recurrence in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer when compared with tamoxifen, thus representing the standard of care for adjuvant endocrine therapy. Although AIs are usually well-tolerated, they can have some side effects. Apart from the appearance of arthralgias or myalgias and cardiovascular events, AI therapies, reducing already low endogenous postmenopausal estradiol levels, cause increased bone loss and increase fracture risk in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the therapeutic options in the management of aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss (AIBL). METHODS We reviewed the current literature dealing with different therapeutic options in the treatment of AIBL. RESULTS Clinical practice guidelines recommend a careful evaluation of skeletal health in all women with breast cancer before AI therapy initiation. Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake have also been suggested. Pharmacological attempts to minimize AI-related bone loss have focused on the use of antiresorptive agents, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, to protect bone integrity and reduce the risk of fractures. Furthermore, clinical trials have shown that by making the bone microenvironment less susceptible to breast cancer metastasis, these drugs are able to increase disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS AI, thatare the pillar of the systemic treatment for patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, are associated with different side effects, and in particular osteoporosis and fractures. Both bisphosphonates and denosumab are able to prevent this negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Gaudio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania , Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Castellino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania , Italy
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Mejía-Rodríguez F, Flores-Aldana ME, Quezada-Sánchez AD, Shamah-Levy T, Villalpando S, Contreras-Manzano A, Bhatt-Carreño S, Orjuela-Grimm M. Association between Predictors of Vitamin D Serum Levels and Risk of Retinoblastoma in Children: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082510. [PMID: 34444670 PMCID: PMC8399960 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND vitamin D (VD) may be a protective factor for retinoblastoma, though no temporal association has been reported during pregnancy or the child's first year of life. Serum VD concentrations are determined by both distal (DF) and proximal factors (PF). OBJECTIVE To identify if DF and PF can predict VD insufficiency (VDI) and VD deficiency (VDD) in women of childbearing age; and to test whether maternal exposure to DF and PF during pregnancy and a child's exposure during the first 11.9 months postpartum are associated with sporadic retinoblastoma (SRb) in children. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of data from the Epidemiology of SRb in Mexico (EpiRbMx) study and the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-2019 (ENSANUT 2018-2019, for its acronym in Spanish). The association of DF and PF with VDD or VDI was estimated using ENSANUT 2018-2019, and the association of DF and PF with SRb using EpiRbMx. All were estimated using logistic regression, with comparable samples selected from ENSANUT 2018-2019 and EpiRbMx. RESULTS Altitude, latitude and obesity predicted VDI and VDD in ENSANUT women. In EpiRbMx, residence in a rural location during pregnancy increased the risk of SRb. For children, rural residence and latitude increased the risk of SRb, while the number of days exposed to the spring-summer season during months 6 to 11.9 of life was protective. CONCLUSIONS risk of VDI and VDD in women (ENSANUT 2018-2019) increased with altitude, urban dwelling, overweight and obesity. The child and mother's place of residence, including altitude, latitude and rural classification were important predictors of SRb in EpiRbMx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México, Cuernavaca 62230, Morelos, Mexico; (F.M.-R.); (S.V.); (A.C.-M.)
| | - Mario E. Flores-Aldana
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México, Cuernavaca 62230, Morelos, Mexico; (F.M.-R.); (S.V.); (A.C.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: + 52-(777)-101-2900 (ext. 7451)
| | - Amado D. Quezada-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México, Cuernavaca 62230, Morelos, Mexico; (A.D.Q.-S.); (T.S.-L.)
| | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México, Cuernavaca 62230, Morelos, Mexico; (A.D.Q.-S.); (T.S.-L.)
| | - Salvador Villalpando
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México, Cuernavaca 62230, Morelos, Mexico; (F.M.-R.); (S.V.); (A.C.-M.)
| | - Alejandra Contreras-Manzano
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México, Cuernavaca 62230, Morelos, Mexico; (F.M.-R.); (S.V.); (A.C.-M.)
| | - Silvia Bhatt-Carreño
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.B.-C.); (M.O.-G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Manuela Orjuela-Grimm
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.B.-C.); (M.O.-G.)
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14
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Radom A, Wędrychowicz A, Pieczarkowski S, Skoczeń S, Tomasik P. Effect of Selected Factors on the Serum 25(OH)D Concentration in Women Treated for Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020564. [PMID: 33572090 PMCID: PMC7915136 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining an optimal vitamin D concentration reduces the risk of recurrence and extends survival time in patients after breast cancer treatment. Data on vitamin D deficiency among Polish women after breast cancer therapy are limited. Thus, the aim of the study was the analysis of vitamin D status in post-mastectomy patients, considering such factors as seasons, social habits, vitamin D supplementation and its measurements. The study involved 94 women after breast cancer treatment. Serum vitamin D concentration was measured, and a questionnaire, gathering demographic and clinical data regarding cancer, diet, exposure to sun radiation, and knowledge of recommendations on vitamin D supplementation, was delivered twice, in both winter and in summer. The control group consisted of 94 age-matched women with no oncological history. In women after breast cancer treatment, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency was much more frequent than in the general population. Only about half of the patients supplemented vitamin D at the beginning of the study. After the first test and the issuing of recommendations on vitamin D supplementation, the percentage of vitamin D supplemented patients increased by about 30% in study groups. The average dose of supplement also increased. None of the women that were not supplementing vitamin D and were tested again in winter had optimal 25(OH)D concentration. It was concluded that vitamin deficiency is common in women treated for breast cancer. Medical advising about vitamin D supplementation and monitoring of 25(OH)D concentration should be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Radom
- Medical Laboratory Diagmed, Lwowska 20, 33-300 Nowy Sącz, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Wędrychowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (A.W.); (S.P.)
| | - Stanisław Pieczarkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (A.W.); (S.P.)
| | - Szymon Skoczeń
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Tomasik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
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15
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Nowak J, Hudzik B, Jagielski P, Kulik-Kupka K, Danikiewicz A, Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska B. Lack of Seasonal Variations in Vitamin D Concentrations among Hospitalized Elderly Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041676. [PMID: 33572447 PMCID: PMC7916205 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Generally, most vitamin D in the human body (90–95%) is produced in the skin during exposure to sunlight. The effectiveness of this process depends on several biological and physical factors, e.g., age or latitude. Skin synthesis of vitamin D among elderly people is reduced. The aim of the study was to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] seasonal variations in elderly patients hospitalized at the geriatric department. Methods. The study was carried out on 242 patients aged 60 years or older hospitalized at the geriatric department. The study group was categorized by four seasons as well as month. Results. The median (interquartile range) 25(OH)D concentration among all patients (n = 242) was 33.95 (26.96–45.18) nmol/L. There was no statistical significance in the median serum 25(OH)D concentration with regard to each of the four seasons: in the spring 32.95 (25.96–43.68) nmol/L, in the summer 38.69 (27.46–50.67) nmol/L, in the autumn 33.45 (27.08–44.18) nmol/L, in the winter 34.57 (23.46–43.93) nmol/L, (p = 0.48). Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in all geriatric patients, irrespective of the season. The results of the study indicate no significant differences in median vitamin D concentration among the hospitalized patients across all four seasons. Even in the summer months, in our climate, it is fairly difficult for an elderly person to produce an adequate amount of vitamin D through the skin. Therefore, proper vitamin D supplementation is recommended and should be implemented in the elderly irrespective of the season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Nowak
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-900 Bytom, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +483-2397-6541
| | - Bartosz Hudzik
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-900 Bytom, Poland;
- Third Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Paweł Jagielski
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-007 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Karolina Kulik-Kupka
- Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-900 Bytom, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.D.); (B.Z.-S.)
| | - Aleksander Danikiewicz
- Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-900 Bytom, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.D.); (B.Z.-S.)
| | - Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska
- Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-900 Bytom, Poland; (K.K.-K.); (A.D.); (B.Z.-S.)
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16
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Lontchi-Yimagou E, Kang S, Goyal A, Zhang K, You JY, Carey M, Jain S, Bhansali S, Kehlenbrink S, Guo P, Rosen ED, Kishore P, Hawkins M. Insulin-sensitizing effects of vitamin D repletion mediated by adipocyte vitamin D receptor: Studies in humans and mice. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101095. [PMID: 33045433 PMCID: PMC7585951 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis appear to contribute to insulin resistance in obesity. Vitamin D receptor (Vdr) genes are expressed by adipocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts, all of which could potentially play a role in adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis. As vitamin D has been shown to have direct anti-inflammatory effects on adipocytes, we determined whether specific vitamin D receptor-mediated effects on adipocytes could impact adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis and ultimately insulin resistance. Methods We examined the effects of repleting vitamin D in 25(OH)D-deficient, insulin resistant, overweight-to-obese human subjects (n = 19). A comprehensive assessment of whole-body insulin action was undertaken with stepped euglycemic (∼90 mg/dL) hyperinsulinemic clamp studies both before and after the administration of vitamin D or placebo. Adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation were quantified by real-time rt-PCR and immunofluorescence in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue. To determine whether vitamin D's effects are mediated through adipocytes, we conducted hyperinsulinemic clamp studies (4 mU/kg/min) and adipose tissue analysis using an adipocyte-specific vitamin D receptor knockout (VDR-KO) mouse model (adiponectin-Cre + VDR+/fl) following high-fat diet feeding for 12 weeks. Results 25(OH)D repletion was associated with reductions in adipose tissue expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes, decreased collagen immunofluorescence, and improved hepatic insulin sensitivity in humans. Worsening trends after six months on placebo suggest progressive metabolic effects of 25(OH)D deficiency. Ad-VDR-KO mice mirrored the vitamin D-deficient humans, displaying increased adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation and hepatic insulin resistance. Conclusions These complementary human and rodent studies support a beneficial role of vitamin D repletion for improving hepatic insulin resistance and reducing adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis in targeted individuals, likely via direct effects on adipocytes. These studies have far-reaching implications for understanding the role of adipocytes in mediating adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis and ultimately impacting insulin sensitivity. Vitamin D repletion improved hepatic insulin sensitivity in obese insulin-resistant and vitamin D deficient human. Correcting vitamin D deficiency concomitantly reduced adipose tissue expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes. Worsening trends in these metabolic parameters were observed following 6 months of uncorrected vitamin D deficiency. Adipocyte-specific depletion of VDR in mice induced adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis and hepatic insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sona Kang
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3100, USA
| | | | - Kehao Zhang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jee Y You
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Michelle Carey
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Swati Jain
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Sylvia Kehlenbrink
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peng Guo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Preeti Kishore
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Vitamin D in Triple-Negative and BRCA1-Deficient Breast Cancer-Implications for Pathogenesis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103670. [PMID: 32456160 PMCID: PMC7279503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies show that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have the lowest vitamin D concentration among all breast cancer types, suggesting that this vitamin may induce a protective effect against TNBC. This effect of the active metabolite of vitamin D, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D), can be attributed to its potential to modulate proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis and is supported by many in vitro and animal studies, but its exact mechanism is poorly known. In a fraction of TNBCs that harbor mutations that cause the loss of function of the DNA repair-associated breast cancer type 1 susceptibility (BRCA1) gene, 1,25(OH)2D may induce protective effects by activating its receptor and inactivating cathepsin L-mediated degradation of tumor protein P53 binding protein 1 (TP53BP1), preventing deficiency in DNA double-strand break repair and contributing to genome stability. Similar effects can be induced by the interaction of 1,25(OH)2D with proteins of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (GADD45) family. Further studies on TNBC cell lines with exact molecular characteristics and clinical trials with well-defined cases are needed to determine the mechanism of action of vitamin D in TNBC to assess its preventive and therapeutic potential.
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18
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Brożyna AA, Hoffman RM, Slominski AT. Relevance of Vitamin D in Melanoma Development, Progression and Therapy. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:473-489. [PMID: 31892603 PMCID: PMC6948187 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most lethal types of skin cancer, with a poor prognosis once the disease enters metastasis. The efficacy of currently available treatment schemes for advanced melanomas is low, expensive, and burdened by significant side-effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop new treatment options. Skin cells are able to activate vitamin D via classical and non-classical pathways. Vitamin D derivatives have anticancer properties which promote differentiation and inhibit proliferation. The role of systemic vitamin D in patients with melanoma is unclear as epidemiological studies are not definitive. In contrast, experimental data have clearly shown that vitamin D and its derivatives have anti-melanoma properties. Furthermore, molecular and clinicopathological studies have demonstrated a correlation between defects in vitamin D signaling and progression of melanoma and disease outcome. Therefore, adequate vitamin D signaling can play a role in the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A.,VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
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19
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Borchmann S, Cirillo M, Goergen H, Meder L, Sasse S, Kreissl S, Bröckelmann PJ, von Tresckow B, Fuchs M, Ullrich RT, Engert A. Pretreatment Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Impaired Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Hodgkin Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:3528-3537. [PMID: 31622132 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency is described as a modifiable risk factor for the incidence of and mortality in many common cancers; however, data in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are lacking. PATIENTS AND METHODS We thus performed a study measuring pretreatment vitamin D levels in prospectively treated patients with HL and correlated this with clinical outcomes. A total of 351 patients from the German Hodgkin Study Group clinical trials (HD7, HD8, and HD9) were included. RESULTS Fifty percent of patients were vitamin D deficient (< 30 nmol/L) before planned chemotherapy. Pretreatment vitamin D deficiency was more common in relapsed/refractory patients than matched relapse-free controls (median baseline vitamin D, 21.4 nmol/L v 35.5 nmol/L; proportion with vitamin D deficiency, 68% v 41%; P < .001). Vitamin D-deficient patients had impaired progression-free survival (10-year difference, 17.6%; 95% CI, 6.9% to 28.4%; hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.84 to 2.48; P < .001) and overall survival (10-year difference, 11.1%; 95% CI, 2.1% to 20.2%; hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.53 to 2.15; P < .001), consistent across trials and treatment groups. We demonstrated that vitamin D status is an independent predictor of outcome and hypothesized that vitamin D status might be important for the chemosensitivity of HL. We subsequently performed experiments supplementing physiologic doses of vitamin D (calcitriol) to cultured HL cell lines and demonstrated increased antiproliferative effects in combination with chemotherapy. In an HL-xenograft animal model, we showed that supplemental vitamin D (dietary supplement, cholecalciferol) improves the chemosensitivity of tumors by reducing the rate of tumor growth compared with vitamin D or chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSION On the basis of our clinical and preclinical findings, we encourage that vitamin D screening and replacement be incorporated into future randomized clinical trials to properly clarify the role of vitamin D replacement therapy in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Borchmann
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melita Cirillo
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helen Goergen
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sasse
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kreissl
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul Jan Bröckelmann
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bastian von Tresckow
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Fuchs
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland Tillmann Ullrich
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Engert
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
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20
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Han J, Guo X, Yu X, Liu S, Cui X, Zhang B, Liang H. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Total Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102295. [PMID: 31561503 PMCID: PMC6835972 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested inconclusive associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and total cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess these associations by combining results from prospective cohort studies. A systematic literature search was implemented in PubMed and Scopus databases in April 2019. Comparing the highest with the lowest categories, the multivariate-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. A trend estimation was performed using a two-stage, dose-response, meta-analysis method. Twenty-three independent prospective studies were included for data synthesis. Eight studies investigated the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of cancer incidence (7511 events and 70,018 participants), and the summary estimate showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D is marginally associated with cancer risk (Summary RR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.02; I2 = 70.8%; p = 0.001). Sixteen studies investigated the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of cancer mortality (8729 events and 101,794 participants), and a higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was inversely associated with the risk of cancer mortality (Summary RR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.93; I2 = 48.8%, p = 0.012). Dose-response analysis indicated that the risk of cancer incidence was reduced by 7% (RRs = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.96), and the risk of cancer mortality was reduced by 2% (RRs = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97, 0.99), with each 20 nmol/L increment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. This meta-analysis provides evidence that a higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is associated with a lower cancer incidence and cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Han
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xinyue Cui
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Hui Liang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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21
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The role of vitamin D in increasing circulating T regulatory cell numbers and modulating T regulatory cell phenotypes in patients with inflammatory disease or in healthy volunteers: A systematic review. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222313. [PMID: 31550254 PMCID: PMC6759203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The evidence for vitamin D and other agents that experimentally modulate T regulatory cells (Tregs) for the treatment of patients with autoimmune or allergic diseases has not been established. Objective We have undertaken a systematic review of randomised controlled trials to assess the efficacy of vitamin D, vitamin A, niacin and short-chain fatty acids in enhancing absolute Treg numbers and phenotypes in patients with inflammatory or autoimmune disease. Methods This systematic review was conducted using a predefined protocol (PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews, ID = CRD42016048648/ CRD42016048646). Randomised controlled trials of patients with inflammatory or autoimmune disease or healthy participants which compared either oral vitamin D or vitamin A or short-chain fatty acids with control or placebo and measured the absolute concentration of proportion of Tregs were eligible for inclusion. Searches of electronic databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PUBMED and Web of Science) identified eight eligible independent trials (seven autoimmune disease trials, one trial of healthy subjects). Data were extracted by two reviewers and the risk of study bias was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration methodology. Results Planned meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneous nature of the studies. Nevertheless, in five trials of autoimmune disorders which measured the proportion of Tregs, a higher proportion was observed in the vitamin D group compared to controls at 12 months in all but one trial. In the trial of healthy subjects, a significant difference was reported, with a higher percentage of Tregs observed in the vitamin D group (at 12 weeks, mean 6.4% (SD 0.8%) (vitamin D) vs 5.5% (1.0%) (placebo). There were no trials to assess the efficacy of vitamin A, niacin and short-chain fatty acids in enhancing absolute Treg numbers. Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation may increase Treg/CD3 ratios in both healthy individuals and patients with autoimmune disorders and may increase Treg function. There remains a need for further suitably powered clinical studies aimed at enhancing Treg numbers and/or function.
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22
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Cattaruzza MS, Pisani D, Fidanza L, Gandini S, Marmo G, Narcisi A, Bartolazzi A, Carlesimo M. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and melanoma risk: a case-control study and evidence synthesis of clinical epidemiological studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2019; 28:203-211. [PMID: 29438161 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that the vitamin D pathway may play a role in melanoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum levels and the risk of cutaneous melanoma. A case-control study with 137 incident cases of melanoma (serum samples collected at the time of diagnosis) and 99 healthy controls (serum samples collected between October and April) was carried out and evaluated in the framework of an evidence synthesis of clinical epidemiological studies on the topic to facilitate comparisons and summarize the scientific evidence produced so far. There was a statistically significant difference in the median levels of serum vitamin D between melanoma patients and healthy controls (18.0 vs. 27.8 ng/ml, P<0.001). Among melanoma patients, 66.2%, compared with 15.2% of healthy controls, had vitamin D deficiency (≤20 ng/ml), whereas vitamin D sufficiency (≥30 ng/ml) was observed in only 7.4% of melanoma patients and in 37.4% of the healthy controls (P<0.001). A multivariate model including age, sex, and BMI showed a statistically significant inverse association between melanoma and vitamin D sufficiency versus deficiency (odds ratio=0.04; 95% confidence interval: 0.02-0.10, P<0.001). Also, vitamin D insufficiency versus deficiency was significantly inversely associated with melanoma (odds ratio=0.13; 95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.27, P<0.001). These results suggest that both deficient and insufficient serum levels of vitamin D are associated with melanoma and that a trend seems to be present with a reduced risk of melanoma when vitamin D approaches normal values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Fidanza
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marmo
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital
| | - Alessandra Narcisi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome.,Molecular and Cellular Tumor Pathology Laboratory, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marta Carlesimo
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital
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23
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Drug Delivery Systems for Vitamin D Supplementation and Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11070347. [PMID: 31323777 PMCID: PMC6680748 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is a fat-soluble prohormone well known for its role in regulating calcium and phosphate metabolism. It has been clinically used for many years to prevent rickets in children, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis in adults. VD insufficiency is a common medical condition, and many supplements are available in the market in order to increase serum 25-hydroxy VD levels to recommended amounts. Over the course of the last decades, it has become increasingly clear that calcitriol, an active form of VD, regulates multiple cellular processes with effects on normal and malignant cell growth and differentiation, and on the immune and cardiovascular function. Increasing evidence supports the role of the VD system in cancer prevention and therapy. Due to many pleiotropic and beneficial effects in extra-skeletal disorders, VD has gained potential and become an interesting active for encapsulation into drug delivery systems. The purpose of this review is to present the diversity of drug delivery systems that have been reported for VD or VD derivatives in an orderly manner across the following categories: Oral administration, application on the skin, cancer prevention/therapy, and other diseases or routes of administration.
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24
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Cao Y, Du Y, Liu F, Feng Y, Cheng S, Guan S, Wang Y, Li X, Li B, Jin F, Lu S, Wei M. Vitamin D aggravates breast cancer by inducing immunosuppression in the tumor bearing mouse. Immunotherapy 2019; 10:555-566. [PMID: 29852828 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this approach is to test the effects and related mechanism of vitamin D (VD) treatment on the outcomes of breast cancer. BALB/c mice were injected with 4T1 breast cancer cell suspension. The test group was treated with VD reagent. The survival and tumor size of mice were observed. The proliferation of 4T1 in vitro was detected by MTS analysis. The changes of immune parameters and microenvironment in mice were evaluated by flow cytometry and real-time RT-PCR. Our results demonstrate that VD administration caused a decline in survival time and raising the volume of tumor, the decreasing numbers of CD3+CD4+ T, CD3+CD8+ T and CD4+T-bet+IFN-γ+ Th1 cells and transcriptions of T-bet and IFN-γ, an increasing number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and transcription of TGF-β. Our data suggest that the routine clinical application of any strategies targeting VD status for breast cancer therapy is deserved serious consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunting Du
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yonghui Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shitong Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shu Guan
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Surgery, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shilong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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25
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Unraveling the molecular mechanisms and the potential chemopreventive/therapeutic properties of natural compounds in melanoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:266-282. [PMID: 31233829 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most fatal form of skin cancer. Current therapeutic approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. However, these treatment strategies are associated with development of drug resistance and severe side effects. In recent years, natural compounds have also been extensively studied for their anti-melanoma effects, including tumor growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, angiogenesis and metastasis suppression and cancer stem cell elimination. Moreover, a considerable number of studies reported the synergistic activity of phytochemicals and standard anti-melanoma agents, as well as the enhanced effectiveness of their synthetic derivatives and novel formulations. However, clinical data confirming these promising effects in patients are still scanty. This review emphasizes the anti-tumor mechanisms and potential application of the most studied natural products for melanoma prevention and treatment.
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26
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Karkeni E, Morin SO, Bou Tayeh B, Goubard A, Josselin E, Castellano R, Fauriat C, Guittard G, Olive D, Nunès JA. Vitamin D Controls Tumor Growth and CD8+ T Cell Infiltration in Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1307. [PMID: 31244851 PMCID: PMC6563618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with low levels of vitamin D have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. Numerous studies associated the presence of a CD8+ T cell infiltration with a good prognosis. As vitamin D may play a key role in the modulation of the immune system, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of vitamin D on the breast cancer progression and mammary tumor microenvironment. We show that vitamin D decreases breast cancer tumor growth. Immunomonitoring of the different immune subsets in dissociated tumors revealed an increase in tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells in the vitamin D-treated group. Interestingly, these CD8+ T cells exhibited a more active T cell (TEM/CM) phenotype. However, in high-fat diet conditions, we observed an opposite effect of vitamin D on breast cancer tumor growth, associated with a reduction of CD8+ T cell infiltration. Our data show that vitamin D is able to modulate breast cancer tumor growth and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment in vivo. Unexpectedly, this effect is reversed in high-fat diet conditions, revealing the importance of diet on tumor growth. We believe that supplementation with vitamin D can in certain conditions represent a new adjuvant in the treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Karkeni
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie O Morin
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Berna Bou Tayeh
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Josselin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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27
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Müller-Thomas C, Tüchler H, Rudelius M, Schneider H, Pfefferkorn S, Götze KS. Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis. Acta Haematol 2019; 141:225-231. [PMID: 30965326 DOI: 10.1159/000496014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There is growing evidence supporting the role of innate immune deregulation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Vitamin D (VD) is known to be involved in various immune and epigenetic processes. This analysis aimed to evaluate serum VD levels in patients with MDS and to analyze associations between serum VD levels and disease characteristics. METHODS Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)-D3), the major form of VD in human serum, were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay in 62 unselected patients with MDS. Associations between serum 25(OH)-D3 levels and disease characteristics were analyzed using Kendall's tau and two-sided p values. RESULTS The median serum 25(OH)-D3 level was markedly reduced (17.5 ng/mL). Patients with lower-risk disease features had lower serum 25(OH)-D3 levels than patients with higher-risk disease features with regard to medullary blast counts (16 vs. 31 ng/mL, p < 0.001), the revised international prognostic scoring system (13 vs. 30.5 ng/mL, p = 0.001), and blood counts. CONCLUSIONS We show that patients with lower-risk disease characteristics exhibit lower serum VD levels than patients with higher-risk disease characteristics. Whether these findings might reflect innate immune deregulation has to be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Müller-Thomas
- Department of Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany,
| | - Heinz Tüchler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Leukemia Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Schneider
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry und Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Pfefferkorn
- Department of Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina S Götze
- Department of Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Hamada T, Nowak JA, Milner DA, Song M, Ogino S. Integration of microbiology, molecular pathology, and epidemiology: a new paradigm to explore the pathogenesis of microbiome-driven neoplasms. J Pathol 2019; 247:615-628. [PMID: 30632609 PMCID: PMC6509405 DOI: 10.1002/path.5236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) is an integrative transdisciplinary field that addresses heterogeneous effects of exogenous and endogenous factors (collectively termed 'exposures'), including microorganisms, on disease occurrence and consequences, utilising molecular pathological signatures of the disease. In parallel with the paradigm of precision medicine, findings from MPE research can provide aetiological insights into tailored strategies of disease prevention and treatment. Due to the availability of molecular pathological tests on tumours, the MPE approach has been utilised predominantly in research on cancers including breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal carcinomas. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiome (inclusive of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites) plays an important role in a variety of human diseases including neoplasms. An alteration of the microbiome may be not only a cause of neoplasia but also an informative biomarker that indicates or mediates the association of an epidemiological exposure with health conditions and outcomes. To adequately educate and train investigators in this emerging area, we herein propose the integration of microbiology into the MPE model (termed 'microbiology-MPE'), which could improve our understanding of the complex interactions of environment, tumour cells, the immune system, and microbes in the tumour microenvironment during the carcinogenic process. Using this approach, we can examine how lifestyle factors, dietary patterns, medications, environmental exposures, and germline genetics influence cancer development and progression through impacting the microbial communities in the human body. Further integration of other disciplines (e.g. pharmacology, immunology, nutrition) into microbiology-MPE would expand this developing research frontier. With the advent of high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies, researchers now have increasing access to large-scale metagenomics as well as other omics data (e.g. genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) in population-based research. The integrative field of microbiology-MPE will open new opportunities for personalised medicine and public health. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Department of Pathology Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danny A Milner
- American Society for Clinical Pathology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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29
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Selected Office Based Anticancer Treatment Strategies. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7462513. [PMID: 30766601 PMCID: PMC6350558 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7462513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, the treatment of patients with cancer has varied widely as much because of recent advancements in science and medicine as the philosophies that belie their use. This paper briefly describes many of the prevailing approaches in use today with an attempt to offer some perspective of how to apply these disparate methodologies so that they may be more effectively integrated, resulting in consistently better clinical responses.
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30
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LaRocca CJ, Warner SG. A New Role for Vitamin D: The Enhancement of Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6040104. [PMID: 30400571 PMCID: PMC6316500 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have emerged as a novel class of anti-cancer therapeutics with one virus already receiving United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval (talimogene laherparepvec) and many others undergoing testing in clinical trials. These viruses have direct lytic effects on tumor cells as well as immunomodulatory functions to increase inflammatory cell infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment. Despite all of the advances in cancer care, pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy. One of the main barriers to successful systemic treatment of the disease is the fibrotic tumor stroma, as the unique extracellular matrix creates an environment that promotes tumor growth and is resistant to chemotherapy and other anti-cancer agents. The pleiotropic effects of Vitamin D have been widely studied, but recent research has now demonstrated it to be an effective agent in modulating pancreatic cancer stroma to facilitate the enhanced delivery of cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunogenicity in response to treatment. This review will explore the combination of Vitamin D with oncolytic viruses and how this novel application of Vitamin D's ability to modulate pancreatic tumor stroma may result in a potential mechanism for increasing the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne G Warner
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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31
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Reed D, Raina K, Agarwal R. Nutraceuticals in prostate cancer therapeutic strategies and their neo-adjuvant use in diverse populations. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018; 2:15. [PMID: 30062144 PMCID: PMC6060229 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-018-0058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and second leading cause of cancer mortality in American males. Notably, men of African descent in the United States and Caribbean have the highest PCa mortality rates compared to men with European ancestry. Although current therapeutics are quite potent and effective, disease resistance, progression to metastasis, therapy-associated toxicities and efficacy-related issues in diverse populations develop over time. Thus, non-toxic and efficacious therapeutic strategies are needed to address these major obstacles for the clinical treatment and management of PCa. In this regard, preclinical and population-based efficacy studies have shown the potential of natural non-toxic nutraceuticals as potent anti-PCa agents. Accordingly, the implementation of nutraceutical intervention and genetic testing in diverse populations might aid in the development and design of precision medicine strategies to reduce the burden of chemotherapy-associated toxicities, suppress disease resistance, and treat both localized and advanced PCa. Consequently, additional large-scale and inclusive clinical studies are required to fully assess efficacy and therapeutic limitations of these agents in PCa. This review discusses the most current clinical research on selected nutraceutical agents and their efficacy in the context of clinico-pathological outcomes and disease susceptibility in diverse PCa clinical and epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Reed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Departments of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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