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Devaraju M, Li A, Ha S, Li M, Shivakumar M, Li H, Nishiguchi EP, Gérardin P, Waldorf KA, Al-Haddad BJS. Beyond TORCH: A narrative review of the impact of antenatal and perinatal infections on the risk of disability. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105390. [PMID: 37708918 PMCID: PMC10617835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Infections and inflammation during pregnancy or early life can alter child neurodevelopment and increase the risk for structural brain abnormalities and mental health disorders. There is strong evidence that TORCH infections (i.e., Treponema pallidum, Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus) alter fetal neurodevelopment across multiple developmental domains and contribute to motor and cognitive disabilities. However, the impact of a broader range of viral and bacterial infections on fetal development and disability is less well understood. We performed a literature review of human studies to identify gaps in the link between maternal infections, inflammation, and several neurodevelopmental domains. We found strong and moderate evidence respectively for a higher risk of motor and cognitive delays and disabilities in offspring exposed to a range of non-TORCH pathogens during fetal life. In contrast, there is little evidence for an increased risk of language and sensory disabilities. While guidelines for TORCH infection prevention during pregnancy are common, further consideration for prevention of non-TORCH infections during pregnancy for fetal neuroprotection may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Devaraju
- University of Washington, School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Amanda Li
- University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sandy Ha
- University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Miranda Li
- University of Washington, School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Megana Shivakumar
- University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hanning Li
- University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Erika Phelps Nishiguchi
- University of Hawaii, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Community Pediatrics, 1319 Punahou St, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Patrick Gérardin
- INSERM CIC1410, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Réunion, Saint Pierre, Réunion, France; Platform for Clinical and Translational Research, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Saint Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Kristina Adams Waldorf
- University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Benjamin J S Al-Haddad
- University of Minnesota, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Academic Office Building, 2450 Riverside Ave S AO-401, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, 2025 E River Pkwy, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
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2
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Giraud A, Dinomais M, Garel P, Chevin M, Thébault G, Renaud C, Presles É, Raia-Barjat T, Sébire G, Chabrier S. Perinatal inflammation exposure and developmental outcomes 7 years after neonatal arterial ischaemic stroke. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023; 65:1073-1080. [PMID: 36700522 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM To test the association between perinatal inflammation exposure and Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) score 7 years after neonatal arterial ischaemic stroke (NAIS). METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional ancillary study nested in a multicentric longitudinal French cohort of infants born at term with NAIS between November 2003 and October 2006. Seventy-three children were included (45 males, 28 females). The a priori defined primary outcome measure was the FSIQ score assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition at 7 years of age. RESULTS Seventeen (23%) of the included children were exposed to perinatal inflammation. Exposure to perinatal inflammation was independently associated with an increase of FSIQ score (coefficient 13.4, 95% confidence interval 1.3-25.4; p = 0.03). Children exposed to perinatal inflammation had a higher median cerebral volume, a lower median lesion volume, and less extensive lesion distributions compared to non-exposed children. INTERPRETATION We propose the existence of two NAIS categories: arteritis-associated NAIS in children exposed to perinatal inflammation and embolism-associated NAIS in children non-exposed to perinatal inflammation. Identifying these two NAIS categories would open the possibility for specific curative strategies: anti-inflammatory strategy in arteritis-associated NAIS and recanalization strategy in embolism-associated NAIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Giraud
- INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Département de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pauline Garel
- Centre National de Référence de l'AVC de l'Enfant, Médecine Physique et Réadaptation Pédiatrique, INSERM CIC1408, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Mathilde Chevin
- Child Neurology Division, Department of Paediatrics, McGill University, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Thébault
- Département de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalier Paul Coste Floret, France
| | - Cyrille Renaud
- Centre National de Référence de l'AVC de l'Enfant, Médecine Physique et Réadaptation Pédiatrique, INSERM CIC1408, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Émilie Presles
- INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Innovation, Pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | | | - Guillaume Sébire
- Child Neurology Division, Department of Paediatrics, McGill University, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabrier
- INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France
- Centre National de Référence de l'AVC de l'Enfant, Médecine Physique et Réadaptation Pédiatrique, INSERM CIC1408, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
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3
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Slavich GM, Roos LG, Mengelkoch S, Webb CA, Shattuck EC, Moriarity DP, Alley JC. Social Safety Theory: Conceptual foundation, underlying mechanisms, and future directions. Health Psychol Rev 2023; 17:5-59. [PMID: 36718584 PMCID: PMC10161928 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2023.2171900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Classic theories of stress and health are largely based on assumptions regarding how different psychosocial stressors influence biological processes that, in turn, affect human health and behavior. Although theoretically rich, this work has yielded little consensus and led to numerous conceptual, measurement, and reproducibility issues. Social Safety Theory aims to address these issues by using the primary goal and regulatory logic of the human brain and immune system as the basis for specifying the social-environmental situations to which these systems should respond most strongly to maximize reproductive success and survival. This analysis gave rise to the integrated, multi-level formulation described herein, which transforms thinking about stress biology and provides a biologically based, evolutionary account for how and why experiences of social safety and social threat are strongly related to health, well-being, aging, and longevity. In doing so, the theory advances a testable framework for investigating the biopsychosocial roots of health disparities as well as how health-relevant biopsychosocial processes crystalize over time and how perceptions of the social environment interact with childhood microbial environment, birth cohort, culture, air pollution, genetics, sleep, diet, personality, and self-harm to affect health. The theory also highlights several interventions for reducing social threat and promoting resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lydia G. Roos
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Summer Mengelkoch
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian A. Webb
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric C. Shattuck
- Institute for Health Disparities Research and Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel P. Moriarity
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenna C. Alley
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Classification Performance of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Influence of Maternal Education Level. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030449. [PMID: 36980009 PMCID: PMC10047153 DOI: 10.3390/children10030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The Ages and Stages Questionnaire—Third Edition (ASQ-3) is a parental screening questionnaire increasingly being used to evaluate the development of preterm children. We aimed to assess the classification performance of the ASQ-3 in preterm infant follow-up. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 185 children from the SEVE longitudinal cohort born <33 weeks of gestational age between November 2011 and January 2018, who had both an ASQ-3 score at 24 months of corrected age (CA) and a revised Brunet–Lézine (RBL) scale score at 30 months of CA. The ASQ-3 overall score and sub-scores were compared to the RBL developmental quotient (DQ) scores domain by domain. The diagnostic performance of the ASQ-3 was evaluated with the RBL as the reference method by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios. A multivariate analysis assessed the association between low maternal education level and incorrect evaluation with the ASQ-3. (3) Results: The ASQ-3 overall score had a specificity of 91%, a sensitivity of 34%, a positive likelihood ratio of 3.82, and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.72. Low maternal education level was a major risk factor for incorrectly evaluating children with the ASQ-3 (odds ratio 4.16, 95% confidence interval 1.47–12.03; p < 0.01). (4) Conclusions: Regarding the low sensitivity and the impact of a low maternal education level on the classification performance of the ASQ-3, this parental questionnaire should not be used alone to follow the development of preterm children
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An Update on Preclinical Research in Anesthetic-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity in Nonhuman Primate and Rodent Models. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2023; 35:104-113. [PMID: 36745171 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Butticci R, Habre C, Hernandez A, Barcos-Munoz F, Pfister R, Hanquinet S, Beuchée A, Baud O. Early arterial pressure monitoring and term-equivalent age MRI findings in very preterm infants. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:822-828. [PMID: 34799666 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variability of arterial blood pressure (ABP) has been associated with intraventricular hemorrhage in very preterm neonates (VPT) and may predict other brain lesions assessed at term-equivalent of age (TEA). METHODS This was a prospective single-center study including VPT with early invasive continuous ABP monitoring and assessed at TEA using brain magnetic resonance imaging (TEA-MRI). The association between early mean ABP (MABP) and TEA-MRI findings was modeled by multivariate logistic regression analysis using covariates selected by the LASSO method. RESULTS Among 99 VPT, the LASSO procedure selected consecutive periods of lowest MABP of 30 min on day 1 (d1) and 10 min on day 2 (d2) as the most relevant durations to predict TEA-MRI findings (OR [95% CI], 1.11 [1.02-1.23], p = 0.03 and 1.13 [1.01-1.27], p = 0.03, respectively). ROC curve analysis showed optimal thresholds at 30.25 mmHg on d1 and 33.25 mmHg on d2. This significant association persisted after adjustment with covariates including birthweight, gestational age, sex, and inotrope exposure. Final models selected by LASSO included the decile of the birthweight and lowest MABP for 30 min on d1 and 10 min on d2, for which the areas under the ROC curve were 74% and 75%, respectively. CONCLUSION Early continuous ABP monitoring may predict brain TEA-MRI findings in VPT. IMPACT Early arterial blood pressure monitoring may contribute to predicting brain damage upon MRI at term-equivalent of age for infants born very preterm. Careful blood pressure continuous monitoring in very preterm infants may identify infants at risk of long-term brain damage. Umbilical artery catheterization provides the best option for continuously monitoring arterial blood pressure in very preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Butticci
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Céline Habre
- Pediatric Radiology Unit, Division of Radiology, Children's University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Hernandez
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Francisca Barcos-Munoz
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Pfister
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Hanquinet
- Pediatric Radiology Unit, Division of Radiology, Children's University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alain Beuchée
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Baud
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,NeuroDiderot, UMR 1141, Inserm, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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7
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Ardalan M, Chumak T, Quist A, Hermans E, Hoseinpoor Rafati A, Gravina G, Jabbari Shiadeh SM, Svedin P, Alabaf S, Hansen B, Wegener G, Westberg L, Mallard C. Reelin cells and sex-dependent synaptopathology in autism following postnatal immune activation. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4400-4422. [PMID: 35474185 PMCID: PMC9545289 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders with considerably increased risk in male infants born preterm and with neonatal infection. Here, we investigated the role of postnatal immune activation on hippocampal synaptopathology by targeting Reelin+ cells in mice with ASD-like behaviours. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH C57/Bl6 mouse pups of both sexes received lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg·kg-1 ) on postnatal day (P) 5. At P45, animal behaviour was examined by marble burying and sociability test, followed by ex vivo brain MRI diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Hippocampal synaptogenesis, number and morphology of Reelin+ cells, and mRNA expression of trans-synaptic genes, including neurexin-3, neuroligin-1, and cell-adhesion molecule nectin-1, were analysed at P12 and P45. KEY RESULTS Social withdrawal and increased stereotypic activities in males were related to increased mean diffusivity on MRI-DKI and overgrowth in hippocampus together with retention of long-thin immature synapses on apical dendrites, decreased volume and number of Reelin+ cells as well as reduced expression of trans-synaptic and cell-adhesion molecules. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The study provides new insights into sex-dependent mechanisms that may underlie ASD-like behaviour in males following postnatal immune activation. We identify GABAergic interneurons as core components of dysmaturation of excitatory synapses in the hippocampus following postnatal infection and provide cellular and molecular substrates for the MRI findings with translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ardalan
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Translational Neuropsychiatry UnitAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Tetyana Chumak
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Alexandra Quist
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Eva Hermans
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Developmental Origins of Disease, Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ali Hoseinpoor Rafati
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Translational Neuropsychiatry UnitAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Giacomo Gravina
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Seyedeh Marziyeh Jabbari Shiadeh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Translational Neuropsychiatry UnitAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Pernilla Svedin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Setareh Alabaf
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Brian Hansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience‐SKSAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Translational Neuropsychiatry UnitAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Carina Mallard
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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Giraud A, Stephens CM, Boylan GB, Walsh BH. Conventional electroencephalography for accurate assessment of brain maturation in preterm infants following perinatal inflammation. Pediatr Res 2022; 93:1118-1119. [PMID: 35854083 PMCID: PMC10132968 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Giraud
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Carol M Stephens
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Geraldine B Boylan
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. .,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Brian H Walsh
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Neonatology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Gayen Nee' Betal S, Urday P, Al-Kouatly HB, Solarin K, Chan JSY, Addya S, Boelig RC, Aghai ZH. COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy Induces Differential Gene Expression in Human Cord Blood Cells From Term Neonates. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:834771. [PMID: 35547542 PMCID: PMC9084610 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.834771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic continues worldwide with fluctuating case numbers in the United States. This pandemic has affected every segment of the population with more recent hospitalizations in the pediatric population. Vertical transmission of COVID-19 is uncommon, but reports show that there are thrombotic, vascular, and inflammatory changes in the placenta to which neonates are prenatally exposed. Individuals exposed in utero to influenza during the 1918 pandemic had increased risk for heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, stomach disease and hypertension. Early exposure of COVID-19 during fetal life may lead to altered gene expression with potential long-term consequences. OBJECTIVE To determine if gene expression is altered in cord blood cells from term neonates who were exposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy and to identify potential gene pathways impacted by maternal COVID-19. METHODS Cord blood was collected from 16 term neonates (8 exposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy and 8 controls without exposure to COVID-19). Genome-wide gene expression screening was performed using Human Clariom S gene chips on total RNA extracted from cord blood cells. RESULTS We identified 510 differentially expressed genes (374 genes up-regulated, 136 genes down-regulated, fold change ≥1.5, p-value ≤ 0.05) in cord blood cells associated with exposure to COVID-19 during pregnancy. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified important canonical pathways associated with diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hematological disease, embryonic cancer and cellular development. Tox functions related to cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were also altered after exposure to COVID-19 during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to COVID-19 during pregnancy induces differential gene expression in cord blood cells. The differentially expressed genes may potentially contribute to cardiac, hepatic, renal and immunological disorders in offspring exposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy. These findings lead to a further understanding of the effects of COVID-19 exposure at an early stage of life and its potential long-term consequences as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Urday
- Neonatology, Thomas Jefferson University/Nemours, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Huda B Al-Kouatly
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kolawole Solarin
- Neonatology, Thomas Jefferson University/Nemours, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joanna S Y Chan
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sankar Addya
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rupsa C Boelig
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zubair H Aghai
- Neonatology, Thomas Jefferson University/Nemours, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Giraud A, Stephens CM, Boylan GB, Walsh BH. The impact of perinatal inflammation on the electroencephalogram in preterm infants: a systematic review. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:32-39. [PMID: 35365760 PMCID: PMC9411055 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To summarise the association between perinatal inflammation (PI) exposure and electroencephalography (EEG) features in preterm infants. METHODS This systematic review included clinical studies of preterm infants born <37 weeks of gestational age (GA), who had both a PI exposure and an EEG assessment performed during the neonatal period. Studies were identified from Medline and Embase databases on the 15th of September 2021. PI was defined by histological chorioamnionitis, clinical chorioamnionitis, or early-onset neonatal infection (EONI). The risk of bias in included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal tool. A narrative approach was used to synthesise results. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. RESULTS Two cross-sectional studies enrolling 130 preterm children born <32 weeks of GA assessed with one-channel amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) during the first four days of life were included. A PI exposure was described in 39 (30%) infants and was associated with a decrease in amplitude and a reduced incidence of sleep-wake cycling patterns. CONCLUSION These results should be interpreted with caution because of the small number of included studies and their heterogeneity. Further clinical studies evaluating the association of PI with EEG findings are needed. IMPACT A method to assess developmental trajectories following perinatal inflammation is required. Insufficient data exist to determine EEG features associated with perinatal inflammation. Further clinical studies evaluating this association are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Giraud
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ,grid.6279.a0000 0001 2158 1682INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Carol M. Stephens
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ,grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Geraldine B. Boylan
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ,grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brian H. Walsh
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ,grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ,grid.411916.a0000 0004 0617 6269Department of Neonatology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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11
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Silva ALM, Silva ECO, Botelho RM, Tenorio LPG, Marques ALX, Rodrigues IBAC, Almeida LIM, Sousa AKA, Pires KSN, Tanabe ISB, Allard MJ, Sébire G, Souza ST, Fonseca EJS, Borbely KSC, Borbely AU. Uvaol Prevents Group B Streptococcus-Induced Trophoblast Cells Inflammation and Possible Endothelial Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2021; 12:766382. [PMID: 34925062 PMCID: PMC8678414 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.766382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection during pregnancy is involved in maternal sepsis, chorioamnionitis, prematurity, fetal infection, neonatal sepsis, and neurodevelopmental alterations. The GBS-induced chorioamnionitis leads to a plethora of immune and trophoblast cells alterations that could influence endothelial cells to respond differently to angiogenic mediators and alter placental vascular structure and function in pregnant women. In this context, preventive measures are needed to reduce such dysfunctions. As such, we evaluated the effects of a non-lethal exposure to inactivated GBS on trophoblast cells and chorionic villi explants, and if the treatment with uvaol would mitigate these effects. The concentration of 106 CFU of GBS was chosen since it was unable to reduce the HTR-8/SVneo cell line nor term chorionic villi explant viability. Raman spectroscopy of trophoblast cells showed significant alterations in their biochemical signature, mostly reverted by uvaol. GBS exposure increased HTR-8/SVneo cells IL-1β and IFN-γ production, phagocytosis, oxidative stress, and decreased trophoblast cell migration. The Ea.hy926 endothelial cell line produced angiopoietin-2, CXCL-8, EGF, FGF-b, IL-6, PlGF, sPECAM-1, and VEGF in culture. When co-cultured in invasion assay with HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells, the co-culture had increased production of angiopoietin-2, CXCL-8, FGF-b, and VEGF, while reduced sPECAM-1 and IL-6. GBS exposure led to increased CXCL-8 and IL-6 production, both prevented by uvaol. Chorionic villi explants followed the same patterns of production when exposed to GBS and response to uvaol treatment as well. These findings demonstrate that, even a non-lethal concentration of GBS causes placental inflammation and oxidative stress, reduces trophoblast invasion of endothelial cells, and increases CXCL-8 and IL-6, key factors that participate in vascular dysregulation observed in several diseases. Furthermore, uvaol treatment prevented most of the GBS-provoked changes. Hence, uvaol could prevent the harmful effects of GBS infection for both the mother and the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucia Mendes Silva
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | - Rayane Martins Botelho
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | - Aldilane Lays Xavier Marques
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Keyla Silva Nobre Pires
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guillaume Sébire
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Samuel Teixeira Souza
- Optics and Nanoscopy Group, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | | | - Karen Steponavicius Cruz Borbely
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.,Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Urban Borbely
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
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