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Huang R, Shi J, Wei R, Li J. Challenges of insulin-like growth factor-1 testing. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38323343 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2306804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), primarily synthesized in the liver, was initially discovered due to its capacity to replicate the metabolic effects of insulin. Subsequently, it emerged as a key regulator of the actions of growth hormone (GH), managing critical processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Notably, IGF-1 displays a longer half-life compared to GH, making it less susceptible to factors that may affect GH concentrations. Consequently, the measurement of IGF-1 proves to be more specific and sensitive when diagnosing conditions such as acromegaly or GH deficiency. The recognition of the existence of IGFBPs and their potential to interfere with IGF-1 immunoassays urged the implementation of various techniques to moderate this issue and provide accurate IGF-1 results. Additionally, in response to the limitations associated with IGF-1 immunoassays and the occurrence of discordant IGF-1 results, modern mass spectrometric methods were developed to facilitate the quantification of IGF-1 levels. Taking advantage of their ability to minimize the interference caused by IGF-1 variants, mass spectrometric methods offer the capacity to deliver robust, reliable, and accurate IGF-1 results, relying on the precision of mass measurements. This also enables the potential detection of pathogenic mutations through protein sequence analysis. However, despite the analytical challenges, the discordance in IGF-1 reference intervals can be attributed to a multitude of factors, potentially leading to distinct interpretations of results. The establishment of reference intervals for each assay is a demanding task, and it requires nationwide multicenter collaboration among laboratorians, clinicians, and assay manufacturers to achieve this common goal in a cost-effective and resource-efficient manner. In this comprehensive review, we examine the challenges associated with the standardization of IGF-1 measurement methods, the minimization of pre-analytical factors, and the harmonization of reference intervals. Particular emphasis will be placed on the development of IGF-1 measurement techniques using "top-down" or "bottom-up" mass spectrometric methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Harris Health System Ben Taub Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junyan Shi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ruhan Wei
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jieli Li
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Junior MC, Cerqueira HSC, Filho HT, Junior CEM. Muscle hypertrophy training does not suppress the GH/IGF axis in young adult males. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2601-2607. [PMID: 37355525 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze the expression of the IGF type-1 receptor gene (IGF-1r) and IGF-I, GH, testosterone, and IGFBP-3 concentrations in young people subjected to 10 weeks of muscle hypertrophy training. METHODS IGF-1r expression, serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, GH, and total testosterone, as well as body composition, fat percentage, and body mass index, were determined for 22 healthy young males at three moments of resistance training (first, fifth, and tenth week of training). RESULTS Throughout the 10 weeks of training, a reduction was observed in the relative expression of the IGF-1r gene (2-ΔΔCT) and an increase in IGF-I and GH concentrations. A reduction in total testosterone concentrations was detected during the recovery period in the fifth week. The IGFBP-3 concentrations did not change throughout the training. CONCLUSIONS The resistance training protocol prescribed for muscle hypertrophy did not suppress the GH-IGF-I axis, but it did cause alterations in IGF-1r gene expression and in IGF-I kinetics compatible with increased IGF bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Junior
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - H S C Cerqueira
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - H T Filho
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - C E M Junior
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Li Y, Zong X, Zhang Y, Guo J, Li H. Association of Body Mass Index with Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Levels among 3227 Chinese Children Aged 2-18 Years. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081849. [PMID: 37111069 PMCID: PMC10142560 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels are affected by nutritional status, yet there is limited research exploring the association between body mass index (BMI) and IGF-1 levels among children. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 3227 children aged 2-18 years without specific diseases, whose height, weight, and pubertal stages were measured and assessed by pediatricians. BMI standard deviation scores (BMISDS) were used to categorize children as underweight (BMISDS < -2); normal-weight (-2 ≤ BMISDS ≤ 1); overweight (1 < BMISDS ≤ 2); and obese (BMISDS > 2). Children were divided into low-level (<-0.67 SD) and nonlow-level (≥-0.67 SD) groups based on IGF-1 standard deviation scores (IGF-1SDS). The association between IGF-1 and BMI as categorical and continuous variables was explored by Binary logistic regression, the restrictive cubic spline model, and the generalized additive model. Models were adjusted by height and pubertal development. Recursive algorithm and multivariate piecewise linear regression were further utilized to assess the threshold of the smooth curve. RESULTS IGF-1 levels varied by BMI categories, with the highest levels observed in the overweight group. The proportion of low IGF-1 levels in underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups was 32.1%, 14.2%, 8.4%, and 6.5%, respectively. The risk odds of low IGF-1 levels in underweight children were 2.86-, 2.20-, and 2.25-fold higher than in children with normal weight before adjustment, after adjustment for height, and after adjustment for height and puberty, respectively. When analyzing the association between BMI and low IGF-1 levels, dose-response analysis demonstrated an inverted J-shaped relationship between BMISDS and low IGF-1 levels. Lower or higher BMISDS increased the odds of low IGF-1 levels, and significance was retained in underweight children but not in obese children. When BMI and IGF-1 levels were used as continuous variables, the relationship between the BMISDS and IGF-1SDS followed a nonlinear inverted U shape. IGF-1SDS increased with the increase of BMISDS (β = 0.174, 95% CI: 0.141 to 0.208, p < 0.01) when BMISDS was less than 1.71 standard deviation (SD) and decreased with the increase of BMISDS (β = -0.358, 95% CI: -0.474 to -0.241, p < 0.01) when BMISDS was greater than 1.71 SD. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between BMI and IGF-1 levels was found to depend on the type of variable, and extremely low or high BMI values could result in a tendency toward low IGF-1 levels, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a normal BMI range for normal IGF-1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xinnan Zong
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiayun Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center of Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Gancheva S, Kahl S, Herder C, Strassburger K, Sarabhai T, Pafili K, Szendroedi J, Schlensak M, Roden M. Metabolic surgery-induced changes of the growth hormone system relate to improved adipose tissue function. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:505-511. [PMID: 36959287 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Body weight loss improves insulin resistance and growth hormone secretion in obesity, which may be regulated by leptin according to preclinical studies. How changes in leptin, lipids and insulin sensitivity after bariatric (metabolic) surgery affect the human growth hormone system is yet unclear. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS People with obesity (OBE, n = 79, BMI 50.8 ± 6.3 kg/m2) were studied before, 2, 12, 24 and 52 weeks after metabolic surgery and compared to lean healthy humans (control; CON, n = 24, BMI 24.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2). Tissue-specific insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with D-[6,6-2H2]glucose. Fasting leptin, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP1, IGFBP3) were measured using ELISA. RESULTS At baseline, OBE exhibited higher glycemia and leptinemia as well as pronounced peripheral, adipose tissue and hepatic insulin resistance compared to CON. GH and IGFBP1 were lower, while IGF1 was comparable between groups. At 52 weeks, OBE had lost 33% body weight and doubled their peripheral insulin sensitivity, which was paralleled by continuous increases in GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP1 as well as decrease in leptin. The rise in GH correlated with reductions in free fatty acids, adipose tissue insulin resistance and insulinemia, but not with changes in body weight, peripheral insulin sensitivity, glycemia or leptinemia. The rise in IGF-1 correlated with reduction in high-sensitive C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION Reversal of alterations of the GH-IGF-1 axis after surgically-induced weight loss is unlikely related to improved leptin secretion and/or insulin sensitivity, but is rather associated with restored adipose tissue function and reduced low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Gancheva
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahl
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Theresia Sarabhai
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kalliopi Pafili
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Michael Roden
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Czogała W, Strojny W, Tomasik P, Multanowski MB, Wójcik M, Miklusiak K, Krzysztofik E, Wróbel A, Miklusiak K, Skoczeń S. The Insight into Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Insulin-Like Growth-Factor-Binding Proteins and Metabolic Profile in Pediatric Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:2432. [PMID: 34371941 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and insulin-like growth-factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) regulate cell proliferation and differentiation and may be of importance in obesity development. The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of chosen IGF-axis genes and the concentration of their protein products in 28 obese children (OB) and 34 healthy control (HC), and their correlation with essential parameters associated with childhood obesity. The gene expression of IGFBP7 was higher, and the expression of IGF2 and IGFBP1 genes was lower in the OB. The expression of IGFBP6 tended to be lower in OB. IGFBP4 concentration was significantly higher, and IGFBP3 tended to be higher in the OB compared to the HC, while IGFBP1, IGFBP2, and IGFBP6 were significantly lower, and IGFBP7 tended to be lower in OB. We found numerous correlations between IGFs and IGFBP concentration and obesity metabolic parameters. IGFBP6 correlated positively with apelin, cholecystokinin, glucagone-like peptide-1, and leptin receptor. These peptides were also significantly lower in obese children in our study. The biological role of decreased levels of IGFBP6 in obese children needs further investigation.
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Zhu L, Fang Z, Jin Y, Chang W, Huang M, Chen Y, Yao Y. Circulating ERBB3 levels are inversely associated with the risk of overweight-related hypertension: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:130. [PMID: 34176482 PMCID: PMC8237455 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and overweight are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and overweight increase the risk of developing high blood pressure. ERBB3( also known as HER3) plays a considerable role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of ERBB3 levels in hypertensive overweight patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the association between ERBB3 levels and hypertension in overweight Chinese patients. METHODS We evaluated the height,weight, blood pressure, biochemical indicators, and ERBB3 levels in 128 Chinese adults aged 33-79 years. Plasma ERBB3 levels were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and body mass index(BMI) was calculated as body weight divided by height squared. Participants were allocated into three groups according to blood pressure and BMI: healthy control (CNT, n = 31; normotensive and non-overweight), hypertension (HT, n = 33; hypertension and non-overweight), and hypertension with overweight (HTO, n = 64; hypertension and overweight). Statistical significance was defined as a two-tailed P < 0.05. RESULTS There was no significant difference in mean ERBB3 levels among the three groups, although a linear decrease from CNT (1.13 ± 0.36), HT (1.03 ± 0.36), to HTO (0.84 ± 0.26 ng/mL) was observed in men (P = 0.007). Among the drinking population, the ERBB3 level was significantly reduced in the HTO group as compared with those of the CNT and HT groups (0.76 ± 0.23 versus 1.18 ± 0.37 and 1.20 ± 0.30, respectively). ERBB3 levels were negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure in men (r= - 0.293, P = 0.012), smoking (r= - 0.47, P = 0.004), and drinking (r = - 0.387, P = 0.008). BMI in men and among drinkers, and uric acid among drinkers were negatively correlated with ERBB3 levels. Multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that plasma ERBB3 levels were associated with a reduced risk of HTO in men [odds ratio (OR) 0.054; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.007-0.412) and drinkers (OR 0.002; 95 % CI: 0.000-0.101). CONCLUSIONS ERBB3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension in overweight patients, with BMI, gender, and drinking all potentially modulating the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhengmei Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
| | - Yuelong Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
| | - Weiwei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
| | - Mengyun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China.
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China.
| | - Yingshui Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China.
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Anhui, 241002, Wuhu, China.
- Department of Medicine, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18, Wuxia Shanxi Road, Anhui, 241003, Wuhu, China.
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Jaksic M, Martinovic M, Gligorovic-Barhanovic N, Antunovic T, Nedovic-Vukovic M. Relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin resistance and metabolic profile with pre-obesity and obesity in children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:301-309. [PMID: 33618443 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition with alarmingly high rates worldwide. There is controversy regarding the relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and pediatric obesity. We investigated the relationship between IGF-1, insulin resistance and metabolic profile with childhood pre-obesity/obesity. METHODS The study involved 201 children aged 7-15 years, divided in three groups according to their nutritional status (International Obesity Task Force criteria): normal-weight (n=84), pre-obese (n=82), obese (n=35). Laboratory IGF-1, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, alanine-aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid (UA), anthropometric and body composition parameters were analyzed. Body mass index and IGF-1 standard deviation score (SDS), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) score were calculated. RESULTS Pre-obese/obese children had significantly higher IGF-1 SDS, FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR, UA, ALT, triglycerides, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c); obese group had higher WtHR and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) compared to controls (p<0.05). In obese group, IGF-1 SDS was positively correlated with fat free/muscle mass, total body water (p<0.05) and negatively correlated with LDL-c (p<0.05). In pre-obese/obese HOMA-IR and insulin were positively correlated with age, total body fat (TBF) (p<0.05) and negatively correlated with HDL-c (pre-obese) (p<0.05). Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses showed that IGF-1 SDS (OR=1.94; 95%CI: 1.21-3.11), TBF (OR=1.37; 95%CI: 1.21-1.54) were predictors of nutritional status (p<0.001). FBG (OR=42.39; 95%CI: 2.31-77.2) and UA (OR=1.03; 95%CI: 1.01-1.05) were predictors of IR (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS IGF-1 SDS and TBF were predictors of nutritional status. Further studies are required to clarify the role of IGF-1 in pathophysiology of obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Jaksic
- Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Institute for Children's Diseases, Podgorica, Montenegro.,Department of Pathophysiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Milica Martinovic
- Department of Pathophysiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | | | - Tanja Antunovic
- Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Mirjana Nedovic-Vukovic
- Institute for Public Health of Montenegro, Center for Health System Development, Department for Health Statistics and Informatics, Podgorica, Montenegro
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Juiz-Valiña P, Pena-Bello L, Cordido M, Outeiriño-Blanco E, Pértega S, Varela-Rodriguez B, Garcia-Brao MJ, Mena E, Sangiao-Alvarellos S, Cordido F. Altered GH-IGF-1 Axis in Severe Obese Subjects is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss and Related with Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2614. [PMID: 32806629 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disorders are common in obesity, including altered somatotropic axis. Obesity is characterized by reduced growth hormone (GH) secretion, although the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) values are controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery in the GH–IGF-1 axis in extreme obesity, in order to investigate IGF-1 values and the mechanism responsible for the alteration of the GH–IGF-1 axis in obesity. We performed an interventional trial in morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. We included 116 patients (97 women) and 41 controls (30 women). The primary endpoint was circulating GH and IGF-1 values. Circulating IGF-1 values were lower in the obese patients than in the controls. Circulating GH and IGF-1 values increased significantly over time after surgery. Post-surgery changes in IGF-1 and GH values were significantly negatively correlated with changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and free T4 values. After adjusting for preoperative body mass index (BMI), free T4 and CRP in a multivariate model, only CRP was independently associated with IGF-1 values in the follow-up. In summary, severe obesity is characterized by a functional hyposomatotropism at central and peripheral level that is progressively reversible with weight loss, and low-grade chronic inflammation could be the principal mediator.
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Vera S, Figueroa T, Aranzález LH, Mockus I. Marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular en niños menores de 10 años y su relación con niveles séricos de IGF-1, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 e IGFBP-3. Rev Fac Med 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v68n1.69979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. Los desequilibrios nutricionales en la infancia afectan la salud tanto en la niñez como en la adultez. Estudios previos demuestran la asociación de marcadores endocrinos y lipídicos con riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) desde edades tempranas.Objetivo. Establecer la relación entre estado nutricional (niveles séricos de IGF-1 y sus proteínas enlazantes IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 e IGFBP-3) y marcadores de RCV en estudiantes de 7 a 9 años.Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional comparativo transversal realizado en 84 niños de 2 colegios de Bogotá D.C. y Soacha, Colombia, para identificar la relación entre posibles variaciones de marcadores de RCV y estado nutricional. Se midieron los niveles de glucemia y niveles séricos de IGF-1 e IGFBP, el nivel de desarrollo sexual, el perfil lipídico y los valores antropométricos. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y las pruebas de Kruskal Wallis, Games-Howell y Dunnett. El intervalo de confianza fue del 95% y la significancia estadística, de p<0.05.Resultados. La reducción en los niveles de IGFB-1 e IGFBP-2 fue directamente proporcional al aumento de peso. Por otra parte, se observó una correlación inversa entre ambas proteínas y concentraciones de triglicéridos, y una directa con los niveles colesterol HDL.Conclusiones. Las alteraciones de marcadores de RCV se pueden identificar en la infancia. Si estas son detectadas a tiempo es posible adoptar medidas preventivas y terapéuticas como la promoción de políticas públicas dirigidas prevenir el sobrepeso infantil, lo que a su vez reducirá el riesgo de padecer enfermedades cardiovasculares en edades adultas.
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Moody L, Shao J, Chen H, Pan YX. Maternal Low-Fat Diet Programs the Hepatic Epigenome despite Exposure to an Obesogenic Postnatal Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092075. [PMID: 31484384 PMCID: PMC6769607 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disease present a danger to long-term health outcomes. It has been hypothesized that epigenetic marks established during early life might program individuals and have either beneficial or harmful consequences later in life. In the present study, we examined whether maternal diet alters DNA methylation and whether such modifications persist after an obesogenic postnatal dietary challenge. During gestation and lactation, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to either a high-fat diet (HF; n = 10) or low-fat diet (LF; n = 10). After weaning, all animals were fed a HF diet for an additional nine weeks. There were no differences observed in food intake or body weight between groups. Hepatic DNA methylation was quantified using both methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) and methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme sequencing (MRE-seq). Overall, 1419 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified. DMRs tended to be located in CpG shores and were enriched for genes involved in metabolism and cancer. Gene expression was measured for 31 genes in these pathways. Map3k5 and Igf1r were confirmed to be differentially expressed. Finally, we attempted to quantify the functional relevance of intergenic DMRs. Using chromatin contact data, we saw that conserved DMRs were topologically associated with metabolism genes, which were associated with differential expression of Adh5, Enox1, and Pik3c3. We show that although maternal dietary fat is unable to reverse offspring weight gain in response to a postnatal obesogenic diet, early life diet does program the hepatic methylome. Epigenetic alterations occur primarily in metabolic and cancer pathways and are associated with altered gene expression, but it is unclear whether they bear consequence later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moody
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Justin Shao
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Exeter High School, 1 Blue Hawk Drive, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, and Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Larnkjær A, Ong KK, Carlsen EM, Ejlerskov KT, Mølgaard C, Michaelsen KF. The Influence of Maternal Obesity and Breastfeeding on Infant Appetite- and Growth-Related Hormone Concentrations: The SKOT Cohort Studies. Horm Res Paediatr 2018; 90:28-38. [PMID: 29961064 PMCID: PMC6773597 DOI: 10.1159/000490114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Exposure to obesity during pregnancy may lead to adverse changes in the offspring's metabolic profile. We compared appetite- and growth-related hormones in a cohort of infants born to obese mothers (SKOT-II) with infants born mainly to nonobese mothers (SKOT-I). METHODS Infants from SKOT-I (n = 273) and SKOT-II (n = 132) were examined including anthropometric measurements and blood samples analyzed for glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), adiponectin, and leptin. Information on breastfeeding and parental characteristics were also collected. RESULTS At 9 months of age, SKOT-II infants were 3.6% heavier and 1.2% longer than SKOT-I infants even though their mothers were shorter. There was no difference in body mass index (BMI). SKOT-II infants had higher levels of insulin, adiponectin, and leptin but lower levels of IGF-I compared to SKOT-I infants (all p ≤ 0.015). These differences remained, except for leptin, when adjusted for current weight. Breastfeeding versus nonbreastfeeding at 9 months was associated with lower concentrations of all hormones (all p ≤ 0.003). In adjusted models, maternal BMI at 9 months was positively associated with insulin and adiponectin and negatively with IGF-I. CONCLUSIONS Pre-pregnancy obesity confers symmetrically larger infant body size and higher levels of most growth- and appetite-related hormones but surprisingly lower levels of IGF-I, suggesting other possible infant growth-promoting effects through insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Larnkjær
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma M Carlsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Katrine T Ejlerskov
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Mølgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim F. Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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