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Radhakrishnan S, Martin CA, Vij M, Subbiah K, Raju LP, Gowrishankar G, Veldore VH, Kaliamoorthy I, Rammohan A, Rela M. Treatment and prognostic implications of strong PD-L1 expression in primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma. Immunotherapy 2024; 16:371-379. [PMID: 38362631 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (HSC) is an extremely rare and aggressive subtype of primary liver cancer. HSC has uncertain pathogenesis and dismal prognosis with overall survival of only 8.3 months. The molecular alterations of HSC are also not well understood. In this study, the authors describe a patient who presented with a large liver mass. The patient underwent complete surgical resection and histological examination demonstrated HSC, infiltrating the stomach. PD-L1 was strongly positive in the tumor cells. The patient was started on anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy postsurgery and is doing well 15 months after surgical resection. Tumor whole exome sequencing revealed genetic alterations in TP53, NF2 and MAGEC3 genes, indicating their potential role in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subathra Radhakrishnan
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, No. 7 CLC Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Catherine Ann Martin
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, No. 7 CLC Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukul Vij
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Komalavalli Subbiah
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lexmi Priya Raju
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowripriya Gowrishankar
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Harini Veldore
- 4baseCare Onco Solutions Pvt Ltd, IBAB campus, Bangalore Helix Biotech Park, Bangalore-100, Karnataka, India
| | - Ilankumaran Kaliamoorthy
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashwin Rammohan
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, No. 7 CLC Works Road Chromepet, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India
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Duan M, Liu H, Xu S, Yang Z, Zhang F, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhao S, Jiang X. IGF2BPs as novel m 6A readers: Diverse roles in regulating cancer cell biological functions, hypoxia adaptation, metabolism, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Genes Dis 2024; 11:890-920. [PMID: 37692485 PMCID: PMC10491980 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
m6A methylation is the most frequent modification of mRNA in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating biological functions. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BP) are newly identified m6A 'readers'. They belong to a family of RNA-binding proteins, which bind to the m6A sites on different RNA sequences and stabilize them to promote cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which different upstream factors regulate IGF2BP in cancer. The current literature analyzed here reveals that the IGF2BP family proteins promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, and chemoresistance, inhibit apoptosis, and are also associated with cancer glycolysis, angiogenesis, and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, with the discovery of their role as 'readers' of m6A and the characteristic re-expression of IGF2BPs in cancers, it is important to elucidate their mechanism of action in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We also describe in detail the regulatory and interaction network of the IGF2BP family in downstream target RNAs and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as recent advances in IGF2BP biology and associated therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Gastroendoscopy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
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Tang H, Zhao J, Liu J. Comprehensive analysis of the expression of the IGF2BPs gene family in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Association with prognostic value and tumor immunity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20659. [PMID: 37842569 PMCID: PMC10568114 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a predominant type of cancer found in the head and neck region, characterized by a high incidence and unfavorable prognosis. The IGF2BPs gene family, which belongs to the RNA-binding protein class, has been critically implicated in several cancers, and its involvement in HNSCC necessitates further exploration. Objective To explore the clinical significance and potential biological functions of the IGF2BPs gene family in HNSCC. Methods A bioinformatic methodology was employed to examine the expression profile, diagnostic and prognostic significance, and biological mechanisms of the IGF2BPs gene family in HNSCC, with a particular emphasis on its involvement in the immune function of HNSCC. This was followed by in vitro investigations to unravel the biological roles of the IGF2BPs gene family in HNSCC. Results This investigation has demonstrated that, in contrast with normal control tissue, HNSCC has a substantial elevation in the expression level of the IGF2BPs gene family. Patients with a high level of IGF2BPs gene family expression demonstrated higher prediction accuracy for HNSCC. Furthermore, patients with HNSCC and elevated IGF2BPs gene family expression levels exhibited poor survival outcomes. The IGF2BPs gene family displayed a significant association with a variety of immune infiltrating cells and immune genes in HNSCC. Studies conducted in vitro have confirmed that IGF2BP2 silencing suppressed the migration, proliferation, and invasion of HNSCC cells. Conclusions It has been determined that the IGF2BPs gene family plays a crucial part in the onset and progression of HNSCC, and its association with tumor immunity has been established. The IGF2BPs gene family holds promising potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Tang
- Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518001, China
| | - Jianjiang Zhao
- Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518001, China
| | - Jingpeng Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
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Zhang X, Shi L, Sun H, Wang Z, Xu F, Wei J, Ding Q. IGF2BP3 mediates the mRNA degradation of NF1 to promote triple-negative breast cancer progression via an m6A-dependent manner. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1427. [PMID: 37743642 PMCID: PMC10518495 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant reversible modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. Emerging evidences indicate that m6A modification plays a vital role in tumourigenesis. As a crucial reader of m6A, IGF2BP3 usually mediates the stabilisation of mRNAs via an m6A-dependent manner. But the underlying mechanism of IGF2BP3 in the tumourigenesis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unclear. METHODS TCGA cohorts were analysed for IGF2BP3 expression and IGF2BP3 promoter methylation levels in different breast cancer subtypes. Colony formation, flow cytometry assays and subcutaneous xenograft were performed to identify the phenotype of IGF2BP3 in TNBC. RNA/RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)/methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) sequencing and luciferase assays were used to certify the target of IGF2BP3 in TNBC cells. RESULTS IGF2BP3 was highly expressed in TNBC cell lines and tissues. TET3-mediated IGF2BP3 promoter hypomethylation led to the upregulation of IGF2BP3. Knocking down IGF2BP3 markedly reduced the proliferation of TNBC in vitro and in vivo. Intersection co-assays revealed that IGF2BP3 decreased neurofibromin 1 (NF1) stabilisation via an m6A-dependent manner. NF1 knockdown could rescue the phenotypes of IGF2BP3 knockdown cells partially. CONCLUSION TET3-mediated IGF2BP3 accelerated the proliferation of TNBC by destabilising NF1 mRNA via an m6A-dependent manner. This suggests that IGF2BP3 could be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Breast Disease CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Liang Shi
- Jiangsu Breast Disease CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Han‐Dong Sun
- Jiangsu Breast Disease CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zi‐Wen Wang
- Jiangsu Breast Disease CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Jiangsu Breast Disease CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ji‐Fu Wei
- Department of PharmacyJiangsu Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Ding
- Jiangsu Breast Disease CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Kim M, Delgado E, Ko S. DNA methylation in cell plasticity and malignant transformation in liver diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108334. [PMID: 36535346 PMCID: PMC9841769 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The liver possesses extraordinary regenerative capacity mainly attributable to the ability of hepatocytes (HCs) and biliary epithelial cells (BECs) to self-replicate. This ability is left over from their bipotent parent cell, the hepatoblast, during development. When this innate regeneration is compromised due to the absence of proliferative parenchymal cells, such as during cirrhosis, HCs and BEC can transdifferentiate; thus, adding another layer of complexity to the process of liver repair. In addition, dysregulated lineage maintenance in these two cell populations has been shown to promote malignant growth in experimental conditions. Here, malignant transformation, driven in part by insufficient maintenance of lineage reprogramming, contributes to end-stage liver disease. Epigenetic changes are key drivers for cell fate decisions as well as transformation by finetuning overall transcription and gene expression. In this review, we address how altered DNA methylation contributes to the initiation and progression of hepatic cell fate conversion and cancer formation. We also discussed the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of targeting DNA methylation in liver cancer, its current limitations, and what future research is necessary to facilitate its contribution to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwook Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Evan Delgado
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Sungjin Ko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
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Gou J, Li H, Bi J, Pang X, Li X, Wang Y. Transfer of IGF2BP3 Through Ara-C-Induced Apoptotic Bodies Promotes Survival of Recipient Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:801226. [PMID: 35615150 PMCID: PMC9124970 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.801226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) has been the standard therapeutic agent for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients for decades. Considerable progress has been made in development of new treatments for MDS/AML patients, but drug resistance remains a major clinical problem. Apoptotic bodies (ABs), produced by late apoptotic cells, can enclose bioactive components that affect cell-cell interactions and disease progression. We isolated and identified drug-induced ABs from Ara-C-tolerance cells. Treatment of sensitive cells with Ara-C-induced ABs resulted in Ara-C-resistant phenotype. We further investigated components and functions of Ara-C-induced ABs. Proteomics analysis in combination with mass spectrometry revealed that Ara-C-induced ABs carried numerous RNA-binding proteins, notably including insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3). Delivery of AB-encapsulated IGF2BP3 promoted survival of recipient cells by activating PI3K-AKT and p42-44 MAPK pathways. High IGF2BP3 level in ABs from MDS/AML patient plasma was correlated with poor overall survival. Our findings demonstrate that AB-derived IGF2BP3 plays an essential role in acquired Ara-C resistance in MDS/AML patients, and is a potential therapeutic target for suppression of Ara-C resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Gou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongjiao Li
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingjing Bi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xingchen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Yi Wang,
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Yi Wang,
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Sánchez-sendra B, Pérez-debén S, González-muñoz JF, Murgui A, Monteagudo C. Prognostic Value of IGF2 mRNA-Binding Protein 3 (IGF2BP3) Intratumoral Expression in Melanoma Patients at the Time of Diagnosis: Comparative Analysis of RT-qPCR Versus Immunohistochemistry. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2319. [PMID: 35565448 PMCID: PMC9100051 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Around 80% of skin cancer deaths are due to melanoma. An accurate prognosis of melanoma clinical behavior from primary tumors is important for therapeutic patient management, currently based on histopathological features. The aim of our retrospective study was to investigate the clinical significance of IGF2BP3 mRNA and protein expression in melanoma progression and to evaluate which quantification method, RT-qPCR or immunohistochemistry, provides a more reliable prognostic value of IGF2BP3 expression in primary tumors. We found that IGF2BP3 mRNA expression correlated better with clinicopathologic melanoma features than the corresponding proteins and that patients with higher IGF2BP3 mRNA levels were at more risk for earlier development of metastasis, confirming its impact on melanoma survival. Our findings support the use of IGF2BP3 mRNA levels as an independent prognostic biomarker and the implementation of its RT-qPCR analysis for routine melanoma assessment, even for the earliest stages, to improve melanoma clinical outcomes and individualized treatment. Abstract Screening for prognostic biomarkers is crucial for clinical melanoma management. Insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) has emerged as a potential melanoma diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. It is commonly tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our study retrospectively examines IGF2BP3 mRNA and protein expression in primary melanomas, their correlation with clinicopathologic factors, clinical outcome, and selected miRNAs expression, and their efficiency in predicting melanoma progression and survival. RT-qPCR and IHC on IGF2BP3 expression were performed in 61 cryopreserved and 63 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary melanomas, respectively, and correlated to clinicopathologic factors, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and melanoma -specific survival (MSS). The correlation between RT-qPCR and IHC was significant but moderate. IGF2BP3 mRNA showed a stronger association with clinicopathologic factors (Breslow thickness, ulceration, mitosis rate, growth phase, development of metastasis, and melanoma-specific survival) than its protein counterpart. Interestingly, higher IGF2BP3 mRNA expression was detected in primary melanomas that further metastasized to distant sites and was an independent prognostic factor for the risk of unfavorable DMFS and MSS. RT-qPCR outperformed IHC in sensitivity and in predicting worse clinical outcomes. Therefore, RT-qPCR may successfully be implemented for routine IGF2BP3 assessing for the selection of melanoma patients with a higher risk of developing distant metastasis and dying of melanoma.
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Rogalska-Taranta M, Andersen JB. Involvement of Epigenomic Factors in Bile Duct Cancer. Semin Liver Dis 2022; 42:202-211. [PMID: 35738258 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common type of primary liver cancer. Due to its often-silent manifestation, sporadic nature, and typically late clinical presentation, it remains difficult to diagnose and lacks effective nonsurgical therapeutic options. Extensive research aiming in understanding the mechanisms underlying this disease have provided strong evidence for the significance of epigenetics contributing to its onset, progression, and dissemination. This dysregulation in a myriad of signaling pathways, leading to malignancy, spans altered deoxyribonucleic acid and histone methylation, histone acetylation, and chromatin remodeling, as well as genetic modifications in essential genes controlling these epigenetic processes. An advantage to epigenetic modifications is that they, compared with mutations, are reversible and can partially be controlled by inhibiting the responsible enzymatic machinery. This opens novel possibilities for developing new treatment modalities with benefit for CCA patients.In this article, we have reviewed the current status of epigenome modifications described in CCA, including the role of posttranslational histone modifications and chromatin remodeling, as well as novel advances in treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rogalska-Taranta
- Biotech Research & Innovation Center (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research & Innovation Center (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhou X, Ye Q, Zheng J, Kuang L, Zhu J, Yan H. IMP3 promotes re-endothelialization after arterial injury via increasing stability of VEGF mRNAhv. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2023-2037. [PMID: 35315195 PMCID: PMC8980943 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IMP3, an RNA‐binding protein (RBP) that participates in the process of post‐transcriptional modifications of mRNA transcripts, is capable of altering cellular functions, and in some cases, be involved in specific disease progression. We aimed to investigate whether IMP3 has the ability to regulate the functional properties of endothelial cells and re‐endothelialization in response to arterial injury. Wire injury was introduced to the right carotid arteries of wildtype C57/BL6 mice. As a result, IMPs’ expressions were up‐regulated in the induced arterial lesions, and IMP3 was the most up‐regulated RNA among other IMPs. We overexpressed IMP3 before the wire‐injured surgery using adeno‐associated virus AAV2‐IMP3. In vivo studies confirmed that IMP3 overexpression accelerated the progress of re‐endothelialization after arterial injury. In vitro, endothelial cells were transfected with either ad‐IMP3 or Si‐IMP3, cell functional studies showed that IMP3 could promote endothelial cell proliferation and migration, while reducing apoptosis. Mechanistic studies also revealed that IMP3 could enhance VEGF mRNA stability and therefore up‐regulate activities of VEGF/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Our data indicated that IMP3 promotes re‐endothelialization after arterial injury and regulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis via increasing stability of VEGF mRNA and activation of VEGF/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Xu Y, Guo Z, Peng H, Guo L, Wang P. IGF2BP3 promotes cell metastasis and is associated with poor patient survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:410-421. [PMID: 34894048 PMCID: PMC8743660 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis contributes to treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Our study aimed at elucidating the role of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) in NPC metastasis and the underlying mechanism involved. IGF2BP3 expression in NPC was determined by bioinformatics, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analyses. The biological function of IGF2BP3 was investigated by using in vitro and in vivo studies. In this study, IGF2BP3 mRNA and protein levels were elevated in NPC tissues. In addition, IGF2BP3 exerted an oncogenic role by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby inducing NPC cell migration and invasion. Further studies revealed that IGF2BP3 regulated the expression of key regulators of EMT by activating AKT/mTOR signalling, thus stimulating NPC cell migration and invasion. Remarkably, targeting IGF2BP3 delayed NPC metastasis through attenuating p-AKT and vimentin expression and inducing E-cadherin expression in vivo. Moreover, IGF2BP3 protein levels positively correlated with distant metastasis after initial treatment. Importantly, IGF2BP3 expression served as an independent prognostic factor in predicting the overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival of NPC patients. This work identifies IGF2BP3 as a novel prognostic marker and a new target for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xu
- Departments of Radiation OncologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
- Fujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFujian Cancer HospitalFujianChina
| | - Zhoubo Guo
- Departments of Radiation OncologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Hewei Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and CancerSchool of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Lanyan Guo
- School of Medical Technology and EngineeringFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Departments of Radiation OncologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
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Sasaki M, Sato Y. An immunohistochemical panel of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and p53 is useful for a diagnosis in bile duct biopsy. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:697-703. [PMID: 34115196 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bile duct biopsy is being increasingly performed in number for a definite diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. However, difficulties are associated with a histopathological diagnosis because of the limited small amount of specimen obtained and crash artifact. The aim of the present study was to identify useful diagnostic immunohistochemical markers in bile duct biopsy that support a histological diagnosis. Fifty-one bile duct biopsy samples, including 26 samples taken from patients with cholangiocarcinoma, 11 with intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB), and 14 with benign bile duct lesions, were examined. Histology and the immunohistochemical expression of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and p53 were assessed. They were then evaluated for their usefulness as diagnostic markers of malignancy. The diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of the institutional histological diagnosis were 53.8% and 70.0%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of IMP3, EZH2, and p53 were 69.2% and 80.0%, 76.9% and 85.0%, and 50.0% and 67.5%, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for EZH2; the combination of either 2 of IMP3, EZH2, and p53; or the combination of IMP3, EZH2, and p53 significantly increased sensitivity and accuracy over those of the institutional histological diagnosis (p<0.05). In conclusion, an immunohistochemical panel consisting of IMP3, EZH2, and p53 increases the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of bile duct biopsy for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoko Sasaki
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
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Mancarella C, Scotlandi K. IGF2BP3 From Physiology to Cancer: Novel Discoveries, Unsolved Issues, and Future Perspectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:363. [PMID: 32010687 PMCID: PMC6974587 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA network control is a key aspect of proper cellular homeostasis. In this context, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a major role as regulators of the RNA life cycle due to their capability to bind to RNA sequences and precisely direct nuclear export, translation/degradation rates, and the intracellular localization of their target transcripts. Alterations in RBP expression or functions result in aberrant RNA translation and may drive the emergence and progression of several pathological conditions, including cancer. Among the RBPs, insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) is of particular interest in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying the oncogenic functions of IGF2BP3, summarizes the therapeutic potential related to its inhibition and notes the fundamental issues that remain unanswered. To fully exploit IGF2BP3 for tumor diagnosis and therapy, it is crucial to dissect the mechanisms governing IGF2BP3 re-expression and to elucidate the complex interactions between IGF2BP3 and its target mRNAs as normal cells become tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Mancarella
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Ijaz B, Ahmad W, Das T, Shabbiri K, Husnain T, Hassan S. HCV infection causes cirrhosis in human by step-wise regulation of host genes involved in cellular functioning and defense during fibrosis: Identification of bio-markers. Genes Dis 2019; 6:304-317. [PMID: 32042870 PMCID: PMC6997584 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Hepatitis C Viral (HCV) infection is a leading health problem worldwide and resulted in fibrotic scar formation, and finally liver-cirrhosis. Although contemporary therapies can partially reverse this destructive process, the rehabilitation is too slow and unsuitable for all chronic infections. The current study elucidates the mechanism of disease progression from early (F1) to moderate (F2, F3), and to severe fibrosis (F4)/cirrhosis in HCV genotype 3a infected patients to find out new candidates as potential disease progression markers and antiviral therapeutic agents. A total of 550 genes were found differentially regulated in the four fibrosis stages and grouped in 22 classes according to their biological functions. Gene set enrichment (GSEA) and Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were used to identify the regulation of crucial biological functions and pathways involved in HCV progression. HCV differentially regulated the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell structure, signal transduction, proliferation, metabolism, cytokine signaling, immune response, cell adhesion and maintenance, and post translational modifications by pathway analysis. There was an increasing trend of proliferative and cell growth related genes and shutting down of immune response as the disease progress mild to moderate to advanced stage cirrhosis. The myriad of changes in gene expression showed more chances of developing liver cancer in patients infected with HCV genotype 3a in a systematic manner. The identified gene set can act as disease markers for prediction, whether the fibrosis lead to cirrhosis and its association with end stage liver disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Ijaz
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia.,College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Trina Das
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Khadija Shabbiri
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Hassan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Wang HL, Kim CJ, Koo J, Zhou W, Choi EK, Arcega R, Chen ZE, Wang H, Zhang L, Lin F. Practical Immunohistochemistry in Neoplastic Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017; 141:1155-1180. [PMID: 28854347 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0489-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT - Immunomarkers with diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic values have been increasingly used to maximize the benefits of clinical management of patients with neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. OBJECTIVES - To review the characteristics of immunomarkers that are commonly used in surgical pathology practice for neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas, and to summarize the clinical usefulness of immunomarkers that have been discovered in recent years in these fields. DATA SOURCES - Data sources include literature review, authors' research data, and personal practice experience. CONCLUSIONS - Immunohistochemistry is an indispensable tool for the accurate diagnosis of neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Useful immunomarkers are available to help distinguish malignant neoplasms from benign conditions, determine organ origins, and subclassify neoplasms that are morphologically and biologically heterogeneous. Specific immunomarkers are also available to help guide patient treatment and assess disease aggressiveness, which are keys to the success of personalized medicine. Pathologists will continue to play a critical role in the discovery, validation, and application of new biomarkers, which will ultimately improve patient care.
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Kessler SM, Lederer E, Laggai S, Golob-Schwarzl N, Hosseini K, Petzold J, Schweiger C, Reihs R, Keil M, Hoffmann J, Mayr C, Kiesslich T, Pichler M, Kim KS, Rhee H, Park YN, Lax S, Obrist P, Kiemer AK, Haybaeck J. IMP2/IGF2BP2 expression, but not IMP1 and IMP3, predicts poor outcome in patients and high tumor growth rate in xenograft models of gallbladder cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89736-89745. [PMID: 29163784 PMCID: PMC5685705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the oncofetal insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IMP2/IGF2BP2) has been described in different cancer types. Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a rare but highly aggressive cancer entity with late clinical detection and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IMP2 in human GBC. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) of an international multi-center GBC sample collection from n = 483 patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. IMP2 immunoreactivity was found in 74.3% of the tumor samples on TMA, of which 14.0% showed strong and 86.0% low staining intensity. 72.4% of the tumor samples were IMP1 positive, but IMP1 showed lower expression in tumor tissue compared to control tissues. IMP3 immunoreactivity was observed in 92.7% of all tumors, of which 53.6% revealed strong IMP3 expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis linked high IMP2 expression to shorter survival time (p = 0.033), whereas neither IMP1 nor IMP3 expression was linked to a decreased survival time. Eight different human biliary tract cancer (BTC) cell lines were evaluated for tumor growth kinetics in mouse xenografts. Cell lines with high IMP2 expression levels showed the fastest increase in tumor volumes in murine xenografts. Furthermore, IMP2 expression in these cells correlated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and RAC1 expression in BTC cells, suggesting RAC1-induced ROS generation as a potential mechanism of IMP2-promoted progression of GBC. In conclusion, IMP2 is frequently overexpressed in GBC and significantly associated with poor prognosis and growth rates in vivo. IMP2 might therefore represent a new target for the treatment of advanced GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Kessler
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eva Lederer
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stephan Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Golob-Schwarzl
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Kevan Hosseini
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johannes Petzold
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Robert Reihs
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlen Keil
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Mayr
- Laboratory for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapies, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Laboratory for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapies, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Research Unit for Non-coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Kyung Sik Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungjin Rhee
- Department of Radiology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Nyun Park
- Department of Pathology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sigurd Lax
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz Sued-West, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Obrist
- Laboratory of Pathology, Dr. Obrist and Dr. Brunhuber OG, Zams, Austria
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulated studies have investigated the prognostic role of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) in various cancers, but inconsistent and controversial results were obtained. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the potential value of IMP3 in the prognostic prediction of human solid tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search in the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library (updated to April 2016) was conducted to identify eligible studies. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for survival outcomes were calculated and gathered using STATA 12.0 software. RESULTS A total of 53 studies containing 8,937 patients with solid tumors were included in this meta-analysis. High IMP3 expression was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) of solid tumors (HR =2.08, 95% CI: 1.80-2.42, P<0.001). Similar results were observed in cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS). Further subgroup analysis stratified by tumor type showed that elevated IMP3 expression was associated with poor OS in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), lung cancer, oral cancer, urothelial carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). CONCLUSION The current evidence suggests that high IMP3 expression is associated with poor prognosis in most solid tumors. IMP3 is a potential valuable prognostic factor and might serve as a promising biomarker to guide clinical decisions in human solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Chen
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang
| | - Yongpeng Xie
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintao Li
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Liangyou Gu
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
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Ismerim AB, Ferreira SV, Lessa AM, Pereira Júnior AS, Gurgel CA, Coutinho-Camillo CM, Soares FA, Vilas-Bôas DS, Vidal MT, Santos JN. Insulin-like Growth Factor II Messenger RNA-binding Protein 3 in Salivary Gland Tumors. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2016; 24:422-6. [PMID: 26258757 DOI: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) is strongly expressed in malignant tumors and has been associated with their aggressive behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of IMP3 in a series of salivary gland tumors. The sample consisted of 9 pleomorphic adenomas (PA), 14 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), and 13 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) that were investigated by immunohistochemical technique. All cases of PA and MEC were positive for IMP3 particularly in the cytoplasm. PA showed 4 cases as high expression and 6 as low expression. MEC showed 10 cases as low expression and 3 as high expression. For ACC, 4 cases were high expression, whereas 6 cases were low expression. No significant difference was observed between tumors (P>0.05, Fisher's test) when both scores of IMP3 were compared. This study showed that MEC seems to be more sensitive to IMP3 than ACC and provided an insight into this protein in salivary gland tumors. Furthermore, although IMP3 is not a specific diagnostic marker to distinguish the tumors studied, it seems to mediate cell adhesion and migration in these tumors. Further studies should be performed to better understand the IMP3 biology in salivary gland tumors.
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Sasaki M, Sato Y. Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) is a marker that predicts presence of invasion in papillary biliary tumors. Hum Pathol 2017; 62:152-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Bin Huang
- Department of Pancreato-biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Xu Zheng
- Department of Pancreato-biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Schmiedel D, Tai J, Yamin R, Berhani O, Bauman Y, Mandelboim O. The RNA binding protein IMP3 facilitates tumor immune escape by downregulating the stress-induced ligands ULPB2 and MICB. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26982091 PMCID: PMC4805531 DOI: 10.7554/elife.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the stress-induced ligands MICA, MICB and ULBP 1–6 are up-regulated as a cellular response to DNA damage, excessive proliferation or viral infection; thereby, they enable recognition and annihilation by immune cells that express the powerful activating receptor NKG2D. This receptor is present not exclusively, but primarily on NK cells. Knowledge about the regulatory mechanisms controlling ULBP expression is still vague. In this study, we report a direct interaction of the oncogenic RNA binding protein (RBP) IMP3 with ULBP2 mRNA, leading to ULBP2 transcript destabilization and reduced ULBP2 surface expression in several human cell lines. We also discovered that IMP3 indirectly targets MICB with a mechanism functionally distinct from that of ULBP2. Importantly, IMP3-mediated regulation of stress-ligands leads to impaired NK cell recognition of transformed cells. Our findings shed new light on the regulation of NKG2D ligands and on the mechanism of action of a powerful oncogenic RBP, IMP3. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13426.001 Tumor cells differ from healthy cells in many aspects. Importantly, tumor cells have the ability to divide and grow much faster than normal cells. To protect ourselves from full-grown cancers, our bodies have developed a surveillance system: when a tumor cell starts to divide without restraint, “stress-induced” proteins start to appear on its surface. These proteins help the immune system recognize abnormal or damaged cells, allowing the immune cells to eliminate the defective cells. Despite this system of protection, a tumor cell sometimes manages to avoid having stress-induced proteins placed on its surface, allowing it to remain undetected by the immune system. By studying several different types of human cancer cells, Schmiedel et al. found that a protein called IMP3 is present in cancer cells but not in healthy cells. Further investigation revealed that IMP3 prevents the production of some stress-induced proteins and stops them moving to the cell surface. Schmiedel et al. also show that the presence of the IMP3 protein in cancer cells causes nearby immune cells to become much less active. This suggests that developing drugs that block the activity of IMP3 could help the immune system to fight back and destroy cancer cells. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13426.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schmiedel
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The BioMedical Research Institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Julie Tai
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The BioMedical Research Institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Yamin
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The BioMedical Research Institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orit Berhani
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The BioMedical Research Institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoav Bauman
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The BioMedical Research Institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The BioMedical Research Institute Israel Canada of the Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Cong WM, Wu MC. New insights into molecular diagnostic pathology of primary liver cancer: Advances and challenges. Cancer Lett 2015; 368:14-19. [PMID: 26276723 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with increasing incidence and accounts for the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Traditional morphopathology primarily emphasizes qualitative diagnosis of PLC, which is not sufficient to resolve the major concern of increasing the long-term treatment efficacy of PLC in clinical management for the modern era. Since the beginning of the 21st century, molecular pathology has played an active role in the investigation of the evaluation of the metastatic potential of PLC, detection of drug targets, prediction of recurrence risks, analysis of clonal origins, evaluation of the malignancy trend of precancerous lesions, and determination of clinical prognosis. As a result, many new progresses have been obtained, and new strategies of molecular-pathological diagnosis have been formed. Moreover, the new types of pathobiological diagnosis indicator systems for PLC have been preliminarily established. These achievements provide valuable molecular pathology-based guide for clinical formulation of individualized therapy programs for PLC. This review article briefly summarizes some relevant progresses of molecular-pathological diagnosis of PLC from the perspective of clinical translational application other than basic experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Cong
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Meng-Chao Wu
- Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Su W, Luo L, Wu F, Lai Z, Li X, Xie Z, Tang Z, Yang Z, Liang R. Low expression of olfactomedin 4 correlates with poor prognosis in smoking patients with non–small cell lung cancer. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:732-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wu ZS, Huang XL, Gao YY, Wu JD, Shao WY, Han GY, Ding WZ. Significance of serum insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ mRNA binding protein 3 level in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:4151-4155. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i27.4151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine serum insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP3) level in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and to assess its value in early diagnosis and evaluation of progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients who were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma from December 2011 to November 2013 were selected and served as an observation group, and 30 healthy volunteers were used as a control group. According to the severity of the disease, the observation group was further divided into three subgroups: Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ. RT-PCR was performed to detect IMP3 mRNA levels, and ELISA assays were used to measure serum IMP3 concentrations.
RESULTS: IMP3 mRNA level was significantly higher in subgroup Ⅰ than in the control group (t = 19.72, P = 0.000), in subgroup Ⅱ than in subgroup Ⅰ (t = 9.67, P = 0.000), and in subgroup Ⅲ than in subgroup Ⅱ (t = 23.34, P = 0.000). Mean serum IMP3 concentration was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (134.25 ng/mL ± 19.33 ng/mL vs 9.37 ng/mL ± 1.23 ng/mL, t = 70.22, P = 0.000), in subgroup Ⅰ (48.35 ng/mL± 12.03 ng/mL) than in the control group ( t = 19.84, P = 0.000), in subgroup Ⅱ (95.36 ng/mL ± 9.25 ng/mL) than in subgroup Ⅰ (t = 19.67, P = 0.000), and in subgroup Ⅲ (214.23 ng/mL ± 23.64 ng/mL) than in subgroup Ⅱ (t = 28.83, P = 0.000).
CONCLUSION: With the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, serum IMP3 concentration increases significantly. Serum IMP3 detection has potential value in early diagnosis and evaluation of progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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