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Wang Y, Tang W, Cao L, Li Y. Self-concept clarity and Internet addiction disorder among junior high school students: A moderate mediation model. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:989128. [PMID: 36061278 PMCID: PMC9433745 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.989128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the epidemic spreads, the problem of Internet addiction disorder (IAD) stand out and getting serious. The present study aimed to investigate IAD among junior high school students during the spread of the COVID-19, and to explore the mediating role of cognitive failure between self-concept clarity and IAD, and the moderating role of mindfulness. METHODS A sample of 1,153 junior high school students from two randomly selected junior high schools in Henan Province were surveyed anonymously with Self-concept Clarity Scale (SCCS), Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ), Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Internet Addiction disorder Test (IAT). The sample was obtained through random cluster sampling, taking classes as the clusters and students as the elements. RESULTS (1) Self-concept clarity was negatively correlated with Internet addiction disorder; (2) Self-concept clarity not only had a direct effect on Internet addiction disorder, but also indirectly affect Internet addiction disorder through cognitive failure; (3) Mindfulness moderates the relationship between self-concept clarity and Internet addiction disorder, as well as the relationship between cognitive failure and Internet addiction disorder. Compared with low levels of mindfulness, both the protective effect of self-concept clarity and the effect of cognitive failure on Internet addiction disorder were stronger among junior high school students who were at high levels of mindfulness. CONCLUSION This study constructs a moderated mediation model to explain the effect of self-concept clarity on Internet addiction disorder. It is effective to alleviate Internet addiction disorder by improving self-concept clarity and mindfulness level of the junior school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiyi Tang
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Fontenelle LF, Albertella L, Brierley ME, Thompson EM, Destrée L, Chamberlain SR, Yücel M. Correlates of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders symptom severity during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 143:471-480. [PMID: 33958180 PMCID: PMC8548281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated changes in the severity of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) symptoms as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. An Amazon Mechanical Turk sample of 829 individuals was evaluated with a series of instruments assessing the severity of the OCRDs before and during the pandemic. Additional questionnaires about sociodemographic factors, personal and family histories of OCRD, COVID-19 related events, compulsivity and impulsivity traits, schizotypal symptoms, and the severity of depression, anxiety and stress levels, were also used. Participants reported that OCD, hoarding disorder (HD) and skin picking disorder (SPD) symptoms significantly worsened during the pandemic along with increased disability, more affective symptoms and reduced quality of life. Female gender, a higher number of COVID-19 related stressful events, and higher pre-COVID-19 fear of harm and symmetry symptoms predicted more severe OCD symptoms during the pandemic, whereas lack of a HD diagnosis by a mental health professional and more severe schizotypal symptoms predicted worsened hoarding symptoms. Greater compulsivity traits were associated with more severe COVID-19 pandemic obsessive-compulsive and hoarding symptoms. These data indicate that the immense distress resulting from the COVID-19 included significant deterioration of OCRDs' symptoms, particularly of OCD, HD and SPD. It was also possible to identify a pre-pandemic profile of people most at risk of pandemic-related deterioration in OCRDs' symptoms, which may prove valuable for preventative initiatives in relation to the likely future waves of COVID-19 or of other communicable diseases. Future studies should follow up these findings longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo F. Fontenelle
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia,Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) & D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Corresponding author. Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Lucy Albertella
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Mary-Ellen Brierley
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Emma M. Thompson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Louise Destrée
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Sam R. Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, & Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Murat Yücel
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
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Dozier ME, Davidson EJ, Pittman JOE, Ayers CR. Personality traits in adults with hoarding disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:191-196. [PMID: 32697698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated a link between compulsive hoarding symptoms and personality traits; however, no studies have investigated the link between hoarding and personality traits utilizing a sample of individuals diagnosed with hoarding disorder (HD) using formal diagnostic criteria. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the frequency and type of personality traits in adults diagnosed with HD and to explore the associations among hoarding severity and personality disorder traits within this sample. METHODS Seventy-two veterans enrolled in an ongoing treatment trial for HD completed a battery of self-report measures during their initial assessment. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the unique variance accounted for by hoarding severity in predicting scores on the personality disorder scales from the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III). RESULTS The majority of participants had an elevated score on at least one of the MCMI-III Personality scales. The most frequently elevated scores were for the Avoidant, Dependent, Depressive, and Schizoid scales. Hoarding severity was a significant predictor of personality traits in 10 out of 14 MCMI-III scales. LIMITATIONS Given the exploratory nature of the investigation, we did not control for multiple comparisons or the presence of mood or anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS The elevated prevalence of co-occurring personality pathology in adults with HD indicates the importance of considering underlying personality structure when developing individualized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Dozier
- Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 6161, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, United States.
| | - Eliza J Davidson
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, United States; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, United States
| | - James O E Pittman
- Mental Healthcare Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, United States
| | - Catherine R Ayers
- Mental Healthcare Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, United States
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