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Jančič U, Gorgieva S. Bromelain and Nisin: The Natural Antimicrobials with High Potential in Biomedicine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:76. [PMID: 35056972 PMCID: PMC8778819 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases along with various cancer types are among the most significant public health problems and the leading cause of death worldwide. The situation has become even more complex with the rapid development of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. New drugs are urgently needed to curb the increasing spread of diseases in humans and livestock. Promising candidates are natural antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, and therapeutic enzymes, extracted from medicinal plants. This review highlights the structure and properties of plant origin bromelain and antimicrobial peptide nisin, along with their mechanism of action, the immobilization strategies, and recent applications in the field of biomedicine. Future perspectives towards the commercialization of new biomedical products, including these important bioactive compounds, have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urška Jančič
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Selestina Gorgieva
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute of Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Flynn J, Durack E, Collins MN, Hudson SP. Tuning the strength and swelling of an injectable polysaccharide hydrogel and the subsequent release of a broad spectrum bacteriocin, nisin A. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:4029-4038. [PMID: 32195520 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00169d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides, are a potential alternative to current ineffective antimicrobial therapies. They can inhibit the growth of clinically relevant pathogens but their proteinaceous nature renders them susceptible to degradation and deactivation in vivo. We have designed injectable polysaccharide hydrogels for the controlled release of an incorporated bacteriocin, nisin. Nisin was encapsulated into these hydrogels which were composed of varying percentages of oxidised dextran, alginate functionalised with hydrazine groups and glycol chitosan. The nisin gels exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus up to 10 days. The incorporation of a deacetylated chitosan and the reduction of alginate-hydrazine could be used to tune the gel's swelling behaviour, strength and the subsequent release profile of nisin. Glycol chitosan also shows synergistic inhibition of S. aureus with nisin.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Flynn
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co., Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Edel Durack
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co., Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Maurice N Collins
- Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Co., Limerick, Ireland
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co., Limerick, Ireland.
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Flynn J, Mallen S, Durack E, O'Connor PM, Hudson SP. Mesoporous matrices for the delivery of the broad spectrum bacteriocin, nisin A. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 537:396-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Coblyn M, Truszkowska A, Mohammadi M, Heintz K, McGuire J, Sharp K, Jovanovic G. Effect of PEO coating on bubble behavior within a polycarbonate microchannel array: A model for hemodialysis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:941-8. [PMID: 25976358 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Obstruction of fluid flow by stationary bubbles in a microchannel hemodialyzer decreases filtration performance and increases damage to blood cells through flow maldistribution. A polyethylene oxide (PEO)-polybutadiene (PB)-polyethylene oxide surface modification, previously shown to reduce protein fouling and water/air contact angle in polycarbonate microchannel hemodialyzers, can improve microchannel wettability and may reduce bubble stagnation by lessening the resistive forces that compete with fluid flow. In this study, the effect of the PEO-PB-PEO coating on bubble retention in a microchannel array was investigated. Polycarbonate microchannel surfaces were coated with PEO-PB-PEO triblock polymer via radiolytic grafting. Channel obstruction was measured for coated and uncoated microchannels after injecting a short stream of air bubbles into the device under average nominal water velocities of 0.9 to 7.2 cm/s in the channels. The presence of the PEO coating reduced obstruction of microchannels by stationary bubbles within the range of 1.8 to 3.6 cm/s, average nominal velocity. Numerical simulations based on the lattice Boltzmann method indicate that beneficial effects may be due to the maintenance of a lubricating, thin liquid film around the bubble. The determined effective range of the PEO coating for bubble management serves as an important design constraint. These findings serve to validate the multiutility of the PEO-PB-PEO coating (bubble lubrication, biocompatibility, and therapeutic loading). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 941-948, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Coblyn
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Agnieszka Truszkowska
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Mahshid Mohammadi
- School of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Keely Heintz
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Joseph McGuire
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Kendra Sharp
- School of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Goran Jovanovic
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
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Wu X, Ryder MP, McGuire J, Snider JL, Schilke KF. Sequential and competitive adsorption of peptides at pendant PEO layers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:69-76. [PMID: 25909181 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Earlier work provided direction for development of responsive drug delivery systems based on modulation of the structure, amphiphilicity, and surface density of bioactive peptides entrapped within pendant polyethylene oxide (PEO) brush layers. In this work, we describe the sequential and competitive adsorption behavior of such peptides at pendant PEO layers. Three cationic peptides were used for this purpose: the arginine-rich, amphiphilic peptide WLBU2, a peptide chemically identical to WLBU2 but of scrambled sequence (S-WLBU2), and the non-amphiphilic peptide poly-L-arginine (PLR). Optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) was used to quantify the rate and extent of peptide adsorption and elution at surfaces coated with PEO. UV spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) were used to quantify the extent of peptide exchange during the course of sequential and competitive adsorption. Circular dichroism (CD) was used to evaluate conformational changes after adsorption of peptide mixtures at PEO-coated silica nanoparticles. Results indicated that amphiphilic peptides are able to displace adsorbed, non-amphiphilic peptides in PEO layers, while non-amphiphilic peptides were not able to displace more amphiphilic peptides. In addition, peptides of greater amphiphilicity dominated the adsorption at the PEO layer from mixtures with less amphiphilic or non-amphiphilic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew P Ryder
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Joseph McGuire
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | | | - Karl F Schilke
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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McGuire J. Building a working understanding of protein adsorption with model systems and serendipity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 124:38-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Krishnamoorthy M, Hakobyan S, Ramstedt M, Gautrot JE. Surface-initiated polymer brushes in the biomedical field: applications in membrane science, biosensing, cell culture, regenerative medicine and antibacterial coatings. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10976-1026. [PMID: 25353708 DOI: 10.1021/cr500252u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahentha Krishnamoorthy
- Institute of Bioengineering and ‡School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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Wu X, Ryder MP, McGuire J, Schilke KF. Concentration effects on peptide elution from pendant PEO layers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 118:210-7. [PMID: 24780434 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In earlier work, we have provided direction for development of responsive drug delivery systems based on modulation of structure and amphiphilicity of bioactive peptides entrapped within pendant polyethylene oxide (PEO) brush layers. Amphiphilicity promotes retention of the peptides within the hydrophobic inner region of the PEO brush layer. In this work, we describe the effects of peptide surface density on the conformational changes caused by peptide-peptide interactions, and show that this phenomenon substantially affects the rate and extent of peptide elution from PEO brush layers. Three cationic peptides were used in this study: the arginine-rich amphiphilic peptide WLBU2, the chemically identical but scrambled peptide S-WLBU2, and the non-amphiphilic homopolymer poly-l-arginine (PLR). Circular dichroism (CD) was used to evaluate surface density effects on the structure of these peptides at uncoated (hydrophobic) and PEO-coated silica nanoparticles. UV spectroscopy and a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) were used to quantify changes in the extent of peptide elution caused by those conformational changes. For amphiphilic peptides at sufficiently high surface density, peptide-peptide interactions result in conformational changes which compromise their resistance to elution. In contrast, elution of a non-amphiphilic peptide is substantially independent of its surface density, presumably due to the absence of peptide-peptide interactions. The results presented here provide a strategy to control the rate and extent of release of bioactive peptides from PEO layers, based on modulation of their amphiphilicity and surface density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Wu
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Matthew P Ryder
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Joseph McGuire
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Karl F Schilke
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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Ryder MP, Wu X, McKelvey GR, McGuire J, Schilke KF. Binding interactions of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and the cationic amphiphilic peptides polymyxin B and WLBU2. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 120:81-7. [PMID: 24905681 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Passage of blood through a sorbent device for removal of bacteria and endotoxin by specific binding with immobilized, membrane-active, bactericidal peptides holds promise for treating severe blood infections. Peptide insertion in the target membrane and rapid/strong binding is desirable, while membrane disruption and release of degradation products to the circulating blood is not. Here we describe interactions between bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and the membrane-active, bactericidal peptides WLBU2 and polymyxin B (PmB). Analysis of the interfacial behavior of mixtures of LPS and peptide using air-water interfacial tensiometry and optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy strongly suggests insertion of intact LPS vesicles by the peptide WLBU2 without vesicle destabilization. In contrast, dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies show that LPS vesicles appear to undergo peptide-induced destabilization in the presence of PmB. Circular dichroism spectra further confirm that WLBU2, which shows disordered structure in aqueous solution and substantially helical structure in membrane-mimetic environments, is stably located within the LPS membrane in peptide-vesicle mixtures. We therefore expect that presentation of WLBU2 at an interface, if tethered in a fashion which preserves its mobility and solvent accessibility, will enable the capture of bacteria and endotoxin without promoting reintroduction of endotoxin to the circulating blood, thus minimizing adverse clinical outcomes. On the other hand, our results suggest no such favorable outcome of LPS interactions with polymyxin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Ryder
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Xiangming Wu
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Greg R McKelvey
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Joseph McGuire
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Karl F Schilke
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
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Auxier JA, Dill JK, Schilke KF, McGuire J. Blood protein repulsion after peptide entrapment in pendant polyethylene oxide layers. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 61:371-5. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Auxier
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR USA
| | - Justen K. Dill
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR USA
| | - Karl F. Schilke
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR USA
| | - Joseph McGuire
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR USA
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Lampi MC, Wu X, Schilke KF, McGuire J. Structural attributes affecting peptide entrapment in PEO brush layers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 106:79-85. [PMID: 23434695 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A more quantitative understanding of peptide loading and release from polyethylene oxide (PEO) brush layers will provide direction for development of new strategies for drug storage and delivery. In this work we recorded selected effects of peptide structure and amphiphilicity on adsorption into PEO brush layers based on covalently stabilized Pluronic(®)F 108. Optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy and circular dichroism measurements were used to characterize the adsorption of poly-l-glutamic acid, poly-l-lysine, and the cationic amphiphilic peptide WLBU2, to the brush layers. The structure of WLBU2 as well as that of the similarly-sized homopolymers was controlled between disordered and more ordered (helical) forms by varying solution conditions. Adsorption kinetic patterns were interpreted with reference to a simple model for protein adsorption, in order to evaluate rate constants for peptide adsorption and desorption from loosely and tightly bound states. While more ordered peptide structure apparently promoted faster adsorption and elution rates, resistance to elution while in the PEO layer was dependent on peptide amphiphilicity. The results presented here are compelling evidence of the potential to create anti-fouling surface coatings capable of storing and delivering therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsha C Lampi
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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