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Ochoa C, Gao S, Xu C, Srivastava S, Sharma V. Foam film stratification, viscosity, and small-angle X-ray scattering of micellar SDS solutions over an extended concentration range (1< c/CMC < 75). Soft Matter 2024; 20:1922-1934. [PMID: 38323381 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Ultrathin foam films (thickness, h < 100 nm) containing micelles undergo drainage via stratification manifested as coexisting thick-thin flat regions, nanoscopic non-flat topography, and the stepwise decrease in film thickness that yields a characteristic step-size. Most studies characterize the variation in step size and stratification kinetics in micellar foam films in a limited concentration range, c/CMC < 12.5 (c < 100 mM). Likewise, most scattering studies characterize micelle dimensions, intermicellar distance, and volume fraction in bulk aqueous SDS solutions in this limited concentration range. In this contribution, we show drainage via stratification can be observed for concentrations up to c/CMC < 75 (c < 600 mM). Understanding the stratification behavior of freely draining micellar films with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration varying in the range 10 mM ≤ cSDS ≤ 600 mM is essential for molecular engineering, consumer product formulations, and controlling foaming in industrial processes. Here, we visualize and analyze nanoscopic thickness variations and transitions in stratifying foam films using Interferometry Digital Imaging Optical Microscopy (IDIOM) protocols. We compare step size obtained from foam stratification to micelle dimension, micelle volume fraction, and intermicellar distance obtained from small angle X-ray scattering studies. Even though the volume fraction increases and approaches 25% at c = 600 mM, the solution viscosity only increases by a factor of four compared to the solvent, consistent with the findings from both stratification and scattering studies. These comparisons allow us to explore the effect of micelle size, morphology, and intermicellar interactions on supramolecular oscillatory structural disjoining pressure, which influences the stratification behavior of draining foam films containing micelles under confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystian Ochoa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Shang Gao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chenxian Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Biological Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Kirtil E, Oztop MH. Mechanism of adsorption for design of role-specific polymeric surfactants. Chem Pap 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Abstract
Ultrathin foam films containing supramolecular structures like micelles in bulk and adsorbed surfactant at the liquid-air interface undergo drainage via stratification. At a fixed surfactant concentration, the stepwise decrease in the average film thickness of a stratifying micellar film yields a characteristic step size that also describes the quantized thickness difference between coexisting thick-thin flat regions. Even though many published studies claim that step size equals intermicellar distance obtained using scattering from bulk solutions, we found no reports of a direct comparison between the two length scales. It is well established that step size is inversely proportional to the cubic root of surfactant concentration but cannot be estimated by adding micelle size to Debye length, as the latter is inversely proportional to the square root of surfactant concentration. In this contribution, we contrast the step size obtained from analysis of nanoscopic thickness variations and transitions in stratifying foam films using Interferometry Digital Imaging Optical Microscopy (IDIOM) protocols, that we developed, with the intermicellar distance obtained using small-angle X-ray scattering. We find that stratification driven by the confinement-induced layering of micelles within the liquid-air interfaces of a foam film provides a sensitive probe of non-DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) supramolecular oscillatory structural forces and micellar interactions.
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Gunjan MR, Kumar A, Raj R. Cloaked Droplets on Lubricant-Infused Surfaces: Union of Constant Mean Curvature Interfaces Dictated by Thin-Film Tension. Langmuir 2021; 37:6601-6612. [PMID: 34028279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been recently shown that small-volume droplets on lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) can be analytically modeled using rotationally symmetric constant mean curvature (CMC) surfaces. While such an approach is available for noncloaked droplets, a similar approach is missing for cloaked droplets that are ubiquitous in a number of LIS-related applications. The presence of a thin cloaking film on the top spherical cap portion and its gradual transition to a bulk meniscus remain unaddressed for its implications on the interfacial profile of cloaked droplets. Here, we take into account the cloaking film tension and the disjoining pressure to present a mean curvature-based framework for modeling cloaked droplets on LISs. The transition of the bulk meniscus to a thin film is formulated as a transition regime, which is then modeled as a single imaginary point akin to the Neumann point of noncloaked droplets. We next show that the shape of a small droplet on a LIS essentially obeys a simple fundamental mean curvature relation that changes forms depending on the regimes of lubrication and whether the droplet is cloaked or noncloaked. We validate our framework with the droplet profiles recorded during the evaporation of cloaked droplets in our experiments, as well as those published in the literature. In addition, we also demonstrate the ability to model the shapes of floating droplets on LISs reported in the literature. In addition to quantifying the effect of disjoining pressure on interfacial profiles, we importantly unmask the behavior of the contact line, which is optically covered by the lubricant meniscus around the droplets on LISs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Ranjan Gunjan
- Thermal and Fluid Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, R113, Block III, Bihta, Bihar 801103, India
| | - Alok Kumar
- Thermal and Fluid Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, R113, Block III, Bihta, Bihar 801103, India
| | - Rishi Raj
- Thermal and Fluid Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, R113, Block III, Bihta, Bihar 801103, India
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Galteland O, Bedeaux D, Kjelstrup S. Nanothermodynamic Description and Molecular Simulation of a Single-Phase Fluid in a Slit Pore. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:E165. [PMID: 33440819 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We have described for the first time the thermodynamic state of a highly confined single-phase and single-component fluid in a slit pore using Hill's thermodynamics of small systems. Hill's theory has been named nanothermodynamics. We started by constructing an ensemble of slit pores for controlled temperature, volume, surface area, and chemical potential. We have presented the integral and differential properties according to Hill, and used them to define the disjoining pressure on the new basis. We identified all thermodynamic pressures by their mechanical counterparts in a consistent manner, and have given evidence that the identification holds true using molecular simulations. We computed the entropy and energy densities, and found in agreement with the literature, that the structures at the wall are of an energetic, not entropic nature. We have shown that the subdivision potential is unequal to zero for small wall surface areas. We have showed how Hill's method can be used to find new Maxwell relations of a confined fluid, in addition to a scaling relation, which applies when the walls are far enough apart. By this expansion of nanothermodynamics, we have set the stage for further developments of the thermodynamics of confined fluids, a field that is central in nanotechnology.
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Camacho RM, Fish D, Simmons M, Awerkamp P, Anderson R, Carlson S, Laney J, Viglione M, Nordin GP. Self-Sustaining 3D Thin Liquid Films in Ambient Environments. Adv Mater Interfaces 2020; 7:1901887. [PMID: 33072494 PMCID: PMC7566691 DOI: 10.1002/admi.201901887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thin liquid films (TLF) have fundamental and technological importance ranging from the thermodynamics of cell membranes to the safety of light-water cooled nuclear reactors. The creation of stable water TLFs, however, is very difficult. In this paper, the realization of thin liquid films of water with custom 3D geometries that persist indefinitely in ambient environments is reported. The wetting films are generated using microscale "mounts" fed by microfluidic channels with small feature sizes and large aspect ratios. These devices are fabricated with a custom 3D printer and resin, which were developed to print high resolution microfluidic geometries as detailed in Reference 26. By modifying the 3D-printed polymer to be hydrophilic and taking advantage of well-known wetting principles and capillary effects, self-sustaining microscale "water fountains" are constructed that continuously replenish water lost to evaporation while relying on surface tension to stabilize their shape. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of stable sub-micron thin liquid films (TLFs) of pure water on curved 3D geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Camacho
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Davin Fish
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Matthew Simmons
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Parker Awerkamp
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Rebecca Anderson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Stephanie Carlson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Joshua Laney
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Matthew Viglione
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
| | - Gregory P Nordin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84604, USA
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Salama A. Investigation of the critical entry pressure values associated with the permeation of an oil droplet through a cascade of pore throats and pore bodies: A quasistatic analysis. Chem Eng Sci 2018; 187:292-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Peng T, Li Q, Xu L, He C, Luo L. Surface Interaction of Nanoscale Water Film with SDS from Computational Simulation and Film Thermodynamics. Entropy 2017; 19:620. [DOI: 10.3390/e19110620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Salama A, Zoubeik M, Henni A. A multicontinuum approach for the problem of filtration of oily-water systems across thin flat membranes: II. Validation and examples. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amgad Salama
- Produced Water Treatment Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering; University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway; Regina SKS4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Mohamed Zoubeik
- Produced Water Treatment Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering; University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway; Regina SKS4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Amr Henni
- Produced Water Treatment Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering; University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway; Regina SKS4S 0A2 Canada
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Nallet F. Surfactant films in lyotropic lamellar (and related) phases: Fluctuations and interactions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 247:363-373. [PMID: 28732556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The analogy between soap films thinning under border capillary suction and lamellar stacks of surfactant bilayers dehydrated by osmotic stress is explored, in particular in the highly dehydrated limit where the soap film becomes a Newton black film. The nature of short-range repulsive interactions between surfactant-covered interfaces and acting across water channels in both cases will be discussed.
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Salama A, Zoubeik M, Henni A. A multicontinuum approach for the problem of filtration of oily water systems across thin flat membranes: I. The framework. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amgad Salama
- Process System Engineering, Produced Water Treatment Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering; University of Regina; 3737 Wascana Parkway Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Mohamed Zoubeik
- Process System Engineering, Produced Water Treatment Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering; University of Regina; 3737 Wascana Parkway Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Amr Henni
- Process System Engineering, Produced Water Treatment Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering; University of Regina; 3737 Wascana Parkway Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada
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