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Montenegro-Apraez D, Machuca-Martínez F. Analysis of scientific and technological trends in the incorporation of activated carbon in advanced oxidation processes-a bibliometric study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-31120-4. [PMID: 38141124 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
There is high interest in the development of water pollution remediation technologies. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a promising alternative for the degradation of organic compounds; however, these technologies have been limited mainly by high operating costs and, in some cases, by forming byproducts, which can be more hazardous than the original pollutants. Activated carbon (AC) is a porous material that can be combined with AOP systems in various ways, given its adsorbent and catalytic characteristics. In addition, AC is a flexible, adaptable, and low-cost material. This article presents a bibliometric analysis of AOPs incorporating CA in scientific research and patents; the Scopus database was used to obtain patents and Orbit Express for patents. The most investigated AOPs incorporating AC are photocatalysis processes, Fenton processes, persulfate-based AOP, electrochemical processes, and ozonation. However, it is the persulfate-based AOP that has seen the greatest growth in scientific publications in recent years; this great interest can be related to the synergy that the process has with AC, allowing the degradation of contaminants via radical and non-radical. According to the maturity analysis of scientific publications, photocatalysis, Fenton, electrochemistry, ozonation, and persulfate technologies are in a growth stage and will reach maturity in 2034, 2042, 2040, 2034, and 2035, respectively; these technologies coupled with AC are expected to generate a greater number of patents when they reach maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Montenegro-Apraez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No 100-00, AA, 25360, Cali, Colombia.
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Lee SH, Annamalai S, Shin WS. Engineered ball-milled colloidal activated carbon material for advanced oxidation process of ibuprofen: Influencing factors and insights into the mechanism. Environ Pollut 2023; 322:121023. [PMID: 36621710 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study explores a simple and efficient, physically modified ball-milled activated carbon (ACBM) preparation from granular activated carbon (GAC), which can be demonstrated for groundwater application. The colloidal stability of the ACBM plays a vital role in the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and the degradation of pollutants. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies explain that the ACBM has more active sites and maximum adsorption capacity (qmax = 509 mg g-1) on the surface of the materials than GAC. The 92% of ibuprofen degradation was achieved at 240 min along with 0.1 g L-1 of ACBM, 5 mM of PMS, and 6.3 of initial solution pH. A chemical scavenger and electron spin resonance spectra also confirmed the formation of reactive oxygen species such as radicals (O2•-, HO•, SO4•-) and non-radical (1O2) in the ACBM/PMS system. Three major degradation pathways, hydroxylation, demethylation, and decarboxylation involved in ibuprofen degradation. Nearly 13 degradation by-products were detected during the ACBM/PMS oxidation of ibuprofen. The toxicity analysis of oxidation by-products of ibuprofen was also discussed by computational simulation employing the ecological structure-activity relationships software. The ACBM/PMS system was successfully applied to the natural groundwater system for ibuprofen degradation. Hence, the ACBM/PMS system is an excellent catalyst for real groundwater applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Lee
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sivasankar Annamalai
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Shin
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Manz KE, Kulaots I, Greenley CA, Landry PJ, Lakshmi KV, Woodcock MJ, Hellerich L, Bryant JD, Apfelbaum M, Pennell KD. Low-temperature persulfate activation by powdered activated carbon for simultaneous destruction of perfluorinated carboxylic acids and 1,4-dioxane. J Hazard Mater 2023; 442:129966. [PMID: 36162307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbonaceous materials have emerged as a method of persulfate activation for remediation. In this study, persulfate activation using powdered activated carbon (PAC) was demonstrated at temperatures relevant to groundwater (5-25 °C). At room temperature, increasing doses of PAC (1-20 g L-1) led to increased persulfate activation (3.06 × 10-6s-1 to 2.10 × 10-4 with 1 and 20 g L-1 PAC). Activation slowed at lower temperatures (5 and 11 °C); however, substantial (>70 %) persulfate activation was achieved. PAC characterization showed that persulfate is activated at the surface of the PAC, as indicated by an increase in the PAC C:O ratio. Similarly, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy studies with a spin trapping agents (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO)) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMP) revealed that singlet oxygen was not the main oxidizing species in the reaction. DMPO was oxidized to form 5,5-dimethylpyrrolidone-2(2)-oxyl-(1) (DMPOX), which forms in the presence of strong oxidizers, such as sulfate radicals. The persulfate/PAC system is demonstrated to simultaneously degrade both perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and 1,4-dioxane at room temperature and 11 °C. With a 20 g L-1 PAC and 75 mM persulfate, 80 % and 70 % of the PFOA and 1,4-dioxane, respectively, degraded within 6 h at room temperature. At 11 °C, the same PAC and persulfate doses led to 57% dioxane degradation and 54 % PFOA degradation within 6 h. Coupling PAC with persulfate offers an effective, low-cost treatment for simultaneous destruction of 1,4-dioxane and PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Manz
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Indrek Kulaots
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | | | - Patrick J Landry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch '60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - K V Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch '60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | | | - Lucas Hellerich
- Woodard & Curran, 213 Court Street, 4th Floor, Middletown, CT 06457, USA
| | - J Daniel Bryant
- Woodard & Curran, 50 Millstone Road, Building 400, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA
| | - Mike Apfelbaum
- Woodard & Curran, 40 Shattuck Road, Suite 110, Andover, MA 01810, USA
| | - Kurt D Pennell
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Masud MAA, Shin WS, Kim DG. Degradation of phenol by ball-milled activated carbon (AC BM) activated dual oxidant (persulfate/calcium peroxide) system: Effect of preadsorption and sequential injection. Chemosphere 2023; 312:137120. [PMID: 36334750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study explored pre-adsorption and sequential injection of dual oxidant (DuOx) of persulfate (PS) and calcium peroxide (CP) for phenol degradation in an aqueous solution. Ball-milled activated carbon (ACBM) was used as the catalyst in the following systems: pre-adsorption and sequential injection of PS and CP (ACBM + PS + CP), pre-adsorption and simultaneous injection of PS and CP (ACBM + PS/CP), simultaneous injection of ACBM, PS, and CP (ACBM/PS/CP), simultaneous injection of ACBM and PS (ACBM/PS), and simultaneous injection of ACBM and CP (ACBM/CP). The ACBM had a larger specific surface area, more graphitic structures, and more defects. Moreover, it showed better phenol removal when introduced simultaneously with PS and CP. The phenol removal was most the efficient in ACBM + PS + CP (98.8%) with a near-neutral final pH, followed by ACBM + PS/CP, ACBM/PS, ACBM/PS/CP, and ACBM/CP. This indicates that pre-adsorption and separate injection of PS and CP were the key strategy for improved performance and maintained favorable pH for the activation of PS and CP. The dual oxidant system (PS/CP) is superior to single oxidant systems (PS or CP). Scavenger experiments and the electron spin resonance spectra (ESR) demonstrated that non-radical species (1O2) were dominantly involved in ACBM + PS + CP, but radical species (HO•, SO4•-) also contributed. HCO3- and HPO42- inhibited phenol degradation in ACBM + PS + CP, whereas Cl- and HA had negligible effects. The ACBM + PS + CP showed high total organic carbon removal and ACBM was recyclable with a slight decrease in activity. This work is important as it provides a detailed insight into the strategy of pre-adsorption and sequential injection of dual oxidants for a practical and cost-effective method of groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Masud
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Shin
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do Gun Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Masud MAA, Kim DG, Shin WS. Degradation of phenol using Fe(II)-activated CaO 2: effect of ball-milled activated carbon (AC BM) addition. Environ Res 2022; 214:113882. [PMID: 35931187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) based on peroxide activation is one of the most promising technologies for removing organic contaminants from natural groundwater (NGW). However, use of the most common form of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is limited owing to its significantly rapid reaction rate and heat generation. Therefore, in the present study, the activation of calcium peroxide (CaO2), a slow H2O2 releasing agent, by Fe(II) was proposed (CaO2/Fe(II)), and the phenol degradation mechanisms and feasibility of NGW remediation were investigated. The optimum molar ratio of [phenol]/[CaO2]/[Fe(II)] (phenol = 0.5 mM) was 1/10/10, resulting in 87.0-92.5% phenol removal within 120 min under a broad initial pH range of 3-9. HCO3-, PO43-, and humic acid significantly inhibited degradation, whereas the effects of Cl-, NO3-, and SO42- were negligible. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were identified based on the results of phenol degradation in the presence of scavengers and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, which demonstrated that 1O2 played the dominant role, supported by •OH, in CaO2/Fe(II). Phenol removal in NGW (67.81%) was less than that in distilled and deionized water (DIW, 92.5%) at a [phenol]/[CaO2]/[Fe(II)] ratio of 1/10/10. However, phenol removal was significantly improved (∼100%) by increasing the CaO2 and Fe(II) doses to 1/20/20-40. Furthermore, when 125-250 mg L-1 of ball-milled activated carbon (ACBM) was added (CaO2/Fe(II)-ACBM), phenol removal was enhanced from 67.81% to 90.94-100% in the NGW. CaO2/Fe(II)-ACBM exhibited higher total organic carbon (TOC) removal than CaO2/Fe(II). In addition, no notable by-products were detected using CaO2/Fe(II)-ACBM, whereas the polymerisation products of hydroxylated and/or ring-cleaved compounds, that is, aconitic acid, gallocatechin, and 10-hydroxyaloin, were found in the reaction with CaO2/Fe(II). These results strongly suggest that CaO2/Fe(II)-ACBM is highly promising for groundwater remediation, minimizing degradation byproducts and the adverse effects caused by the NGW components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Masud
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Gun Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, 57922, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Sik Shin
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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