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He J, Zhu T, Mao N, Cai G, Gu P, Song Z, Lu X, Yang Y, Wang D. Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide-functionalized dendritic fibrous nano-silica as oral vaccine adjuvant delivery enhancing both the mucosal and systemic immunity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129982. [PMID: 38354941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Oral vaccines are a safe and convenient alternative to injected vaccines and have great potential to prevent major infectious diseases. However, the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment, mucus barriers, low immunogenicity, and lack of effective and safe mucosal adjuvants are the major challenges for oral vaccine delivery. In recent years, nanoparticle-based strategies have become attractive for improving oral vaccine delivery. Here, the dendritic fibrous nano-silica (DFNS) grafted with Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide (CDP) nanoparticles (CDP-DFNS) were prepared and investigated how to impact the immune responses. CDP-DFNS facilitated the antigen uptake in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), and induce the activation of DCs in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo experiments, the result showed that the uptake efficiency by Peyer's patches (PPs) of CDP-DFNS/BSA was the best. And CDP-DFNS/BSA then significantly activated the DCs in lamina propria (LP), and T/B cells in PPs and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Moreover, the memory T cell responses in later period of vaccination was stronger than other groups. In addition, CDP-DFNS/BSA enhanced BSA-specific antibody IgG, IgA production, and SIgA secretion, was effective at inducing a strong mixed Th1/Th2 response and mucosal antibody responses. These results indicated that CDP-DFNS deserves further consideration as an oral vaccine adjuvant delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ningning Mao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Gaofeng Cai
- Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zuchen Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xuanqi Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Liu X, Wu X, Wang S, Zhao Z, Jian C, Li M, Qin X. Microbiome and metabolome integrally reveal the anti-depression effects of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides from the perspective of gut homeostasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125542. [PMID: 37355069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are one of the active components of Cistanche deserticola (CD). Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides (CDPs) significantly regulate gut microbiota, immune activity, and neuroprotective functions. However, it merely scratches the surface that the anti-depression effects of CDPs. We aimed to demonstrate the anti-depression effects of CDPs and the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of gut homeostasis by behavioral evaluations and applying integrally microbiome, metabolome, and molecular biology. CDPs showed significant effects on improving abnormal behaviors of depressed rats. Additionally, CDPs maintained Th17/Treg balance and modulated gut immunity of depressed rats. Comprehensive microbiome and metabolome analysis showed that CDPs significantly ameliorated abundances of beneficial bacteria, and increased the contents of SCFAs, consequently maintaining gut homeostasis. Besides, the anti-depression effects of CDPs involved in amino acid metabolism including BCAAs, glutamine, etc., maintaining metabolic balance. The current findings provide not only deep understanding of depression focusing on gut, but also evidence about the anti-depression effects of CDPs, broadening clinic applications of CDPs. Of note, the present study is of significance in a long run, in terms of providing novel strategies and protocols for revealing mechanisms of anti-depression drugs, and for the discovery of new antidepressants and functional foods from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Senyan Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Ziyu Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Rd. Xiaodian Dist., Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
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Zhang H, Dong X, Ji H, Yu J, Liu A. Preparation and structural characterization of acid-extracted polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa and antitumor activity on S180 tumor-bearing mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123302. [PMID: 36649875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an acid-extracted polysaccharide (GFP-A) was extracted from the fruiting bodies of G. frondosa with 1 % hydrochloric acid solution. Our study aimed to imitate the processes of digestion, absorption and antitumor activities of polysaccharides from G. frondosa under the acid environment of stomach in the body. The preliminary structural analysis resulted that GFP-A (about 1.10 × 106 Da) was a neutral polysaccharide composed of xylose, mannose, glucose (molar ratio: 0.12:1.00:6.98) with α-type glycosidic linkages. Additionally, antitumor activities on S180 tumor-bearing mice showed that GFP-A could effectively inhibit the growth of S180 tumor cells by protecting immune organs (thymus and spleen), activating immune cells (NK cells, lymphocytes and macrophages), upregulating the secretion of serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2 and IFN-γ) in vivo. H & E staining and cell cycle determination further demonstrated that GFP-A could induce S180 tumor cells apoptosis via arresting them in G1 phase. These results demonstrated that GFP-A could provide a theoretical basis for treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaodan Dong
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Haiyu Ji
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Juan Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Anjun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Zhou S, Feng D, Zhou Y, Duan H, Jiang Y, Yan W. Analysis of the active ingredients and health applications of cistanche. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1101182. [PMID: 36992906 PMCID: PMC10042234 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche is a tonic Chinese medicine commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, with 2016, CFSA through the alxa desert cistanche safety evaluation, cistanche began to officially enter the food field. At present, the research on cistanche mainly focuses on the extraction, isolation and purification and pharmacological effects, and its pharmacological effects such as neuroprotective effects, immunomodulation, antioxidant anticancer and hepatoprotective liver protection have attracted the attention of researchers. This review mainly reviews the research status, chemical composition and health benefits, analyzes its application prospects in food, and aims to provide certain theoretical support for the safe application of cistanche in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Duo Feng
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Duan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Inner Mongolia Sankou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjie Yan, ✉
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Wu L, Xiang T, Chen C, Isah MB, Zhang X. Studies on Cistanches Herba: A Bibliometric Analysis. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1098. [PMID: 36903966 PMCID: PMC10005655 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a famous tonic herb, Cistanches Herba is known for its broad medicinal functions, especially its hormone balancing, anti-aging, anti-dementia, anti-tumor, anti-oxidative, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. This study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of studies on Cistanche and to identify research hotspots and frontier topics on the genus. Based on the metrological analysis software CiteSpace, 443 Cistanche related papers were quantitatively reviewed. The results indicate that 330 institutions from 46 countries have publications in this field. China was the leading country in terms of research importance and number of publication (335 articles). In the past decades, studies on Cistanche have mainly focused on its rich active substances and pharmacological effects. Although the research trend shows that Cistanche has grown from an endangered species to an important industrial plant, its breeding and cultivation continue to be important areas for research. In the future, the application of Cistanche species as functional foods may be a new research trend. In addition, active collaborations among researchers, institutions, and countries are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjiang Wu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Tian Xiang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Murtala Bindawa Isah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina, P.M.B. 2218, Katsina 820102, Nigeria
- Biomedical Research and Training Centre, Yobe State University, P.M.B. 1144, Damaturu 600213, Nigeria
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Zhou F, Lu Y, Sun T, Sun L, Wang B, Lu J, Li Z, Zhu B, Huang S, Ding Z. Antitumor effects of polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg via regulation of intestinal flora and enhancing immunomodulatory effects in vivo. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1009530. [PMID: 36389762 PMCID: PMC9650377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1009530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with high medicinal value, and antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological activities. However, while several studies have focused on flavonoids in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum tubers, there are few studies on the enhanced immune effect of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharides (THP). In this study, we evaluated the antitumor effect of THP in a lung tumor model and explored the mechanism of antitumor activity through intestinal flora. In addition, a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression model was used to declare the immunomodulatory effect of THP in the immunosuppressive state induced by antitumor drugs. The results showed that THP increased the content of ileum secreted immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and cecum short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and improved microbial community diversity, regulating the relative abundance of dominant microbiota flora from the phylum level to the genus level, and recovering the intestinal microflora disorder caused by tumors. Additionally, THP can increase the organ indices and improve immune organ atrophy. THP can upregulate routine blood counts and stimulate the production of the serum cytokines. THP also promoted the macrophage phagocytic index, NK-cell activation, and complement and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) levels. The detection of Splenic lymphocyte proliferation and T lymphocyte subsets also sideways reflects that THP can restore CTX-induced immune inhibition in mice. In conclusion, this study suggests that THP can effectively achieve the enhanced antitumor effects, regulate gut microbiota and improve the immunosuppression induced by antitumor drugs. Therefore, THP can enhance the immune capacity and provide novel immunomodulatory and antineoplastic adjuvant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tong Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bixu Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Information Technology Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shigao Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi an, China
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Ren H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Pu J, Yu J, Yu X, Pei X. Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides extracted from Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma promote the differentiation of mouse female germline stem cells in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 296:115495. [PMID: 35753607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese herbal medicine Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma has been recorded and treatment for infertility and impotence since ancient times, which is widely distributed in northwest China, and is mainly composed of phenylethanol glycosides, iridoids, lignans, polysaccharides, alkaloids, etc. C. deserticola polysaccharides (CDPs) is one of its main active ingredients, studies of its effect on germline stem cells are limited so far. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to clarify that CDPs promoted the differentiation of FGSCs in vitro, and to initially clarify its possible cell signaling pathways. MATERIAL AND METHODS The cells were randomly divided into two groups. Normal FGSCs culture medium and the optimal concentration of CDPs (0.5 μg/mL) were added for culture, which was the selected treatment concentration that could promote cell differentiation on the basis of maintaining cell viability. After treatment for different time periods (12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h), the cell proliferation and differentiation were evaluated by CCK-8, real-time PCR (qPCR), cell immunofluorescence and Western blot. Subsequently, RNA-Seq and data analysis were used to preliminarily analyze and verify the different genes and possible signal pathways. RESULTS Under the treatment of CDPs, cell viability was relatively better, and the expression of meiotic markers stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 protein (Stra8) and synaptonemal complex protein 3 (Sycp3) significantly increased. In addition, their cell morphology was more similar to oocytes. Comparison of gene expression in FGSCs identified key differential expression genes (DEGs) by RNA-Seq that consisted of 549 upregulated and 465 downregulated genes. The DEGs enriched in the functional categories of germline cell development and relevant signaling pathways, which jointly regulate self-renewal and differentiation of FGSCs. The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway might be activated to synergistically influence cell differentiation during the CDPs treatment of FGSCs. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that CDPs could promote the differentiation of FGSCs in vitro and could be regulated by different DEGs and signal transduction. Preliminary mechanism studies have shown that CDPs can exert their biological activities by regulating the TGF-β and BMP signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hehe Ren
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jing Pu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Xiuying Pei
- School of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Weng X, Zhao B, Feng S, Yang Y, Zhang A. Chemical composition and adjuvant properties of the macromolecules from cultivated Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma as an immunopotentiator. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:638-658. [PMID: 35973483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the constituents, adjuvant effects, and underlying mechanisms of purified polysaccharides from cultivated Cistanche deserticola (C. deserticola). Two macromolecules designated as CCDP-1 (26.5 kDa) and CCDP-2 (32.3 kDa) from C. deserticola were respectively identified as carbohydrate-lignin complexes with 44.1 % and 43.8 % lignin. CCDP-1 and CCDP-2 were composed of glucose, rhamnose, galactose, arabinose, and mannose respectively in the molar ratios of 7.22: 5.98:2.51:1.81:1.00 and 6.57:8.48:4.20:2.72:1.00. An in vitro experiment revealed that endotoxin-free CCDP-1 and CCDP-2 promoted splenocyte proliferation without cytotoxicity, but CCDP-2 induced dendritic cell (DC) maturation more efficiently than CCDP-1. An in vivo experiment suggested that CCDP-2 enhanced OVA-specific antibody production, antigen-specific T-cell activation, IFN-γ production, IL-4 production, and DC activation. Notably, CCDP-2 elicited a Th1-biased response. Mechanically, CCDP-2 upregulated CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC II, facilitated allogeneic T-cell proliferation and Th1/Th2 cytokines, improved IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-α production, and decreased endocytosis from DCs in vitro. Blocking assays indicated that TLR2 and TLR4 were the membrane receptor candidates of DCs. Western blot implied that CCDP-2 with the immune-enhancing activities were involved in the activation of MAPKs and NF-κB pathways in a dose-/time-related manner and could be employed as a more balanced Th1/Th2 adjuvant for vaccine exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Weng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Shuangshuang Feng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Ailian Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
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