1
|
Kim M, Jee SC, Sung JS. Hepatoprotective Effects of Flavonoids against Benzo[a]Pyrene-Induced Oxidative Liver Damage along Its Metabolic Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:180. [PMID: 38397778 PMCID: PMC10886006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a highly carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon primarily formed during incomplete organic matter combustion, undergoes a series of hepatic metabolic reactions once absorbed into the body. B[a]P contributes to liver damage, ranging from molecular DNA damage to the onset and progression of various diseases, including cancer. Specifically, B[a]P induces oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species generation within cells. Consequently, more research has focused on exploring the underlying mechanisms of B[a]P-induced oxidative stress and potential strategies to counter its hepatic toxicity. Flavonoids, natural compounds abundant in plants and renowned for their antioxidant properties, possess the ability to neutralize the adverse effects of free radicals effectively. Although extensive research has investigated the antioxidant effects of flavonoids, limited research has delved into their potential in regulating B[a]P metabolism to alleviate oxidative stress. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on B[a]P-induced liver oxidative stress and examines the role of flavonoids in mitigating its toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (S.-C.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mi C, Chen W, Liang T, Xie J, Xu Z, Huang W, Tian P, Zhang S, Dai M, Zhang H. Lnc-HZ05 regulates BPDE-inhibited human trophoblast cell proliferation and affects the occurrence of miscarriage by directly binding with miR-hz05. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 38:1137-1157. [PMID: 35038060 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 15-25% pregnant women end with miscarriage in the world. Environmental BaP (benzo(a)pyrene) and its terminal metabolite BPDE (benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide) may result in the dysfunctions of trophoblast cells, which might further lead to RM (recurrent miscarriage). However, potential mechanisms remain unelucidated. In this work, we identified a novel lnc-HZ05 highly expressed and a novel miR-hz05 lowly expressed in both trophoblast cells exposed to BPDE and human RM tissues. MiR-hz05 reduces FOXO3a mRNA level by weakening its mRNA stability. Lnc-HZ05 increases the expression of FOXO3a by acting as a ceRNA for miR-hz05, and then increases P21 level and reduces CDK2 level. Thus, cell cycle is arrested at G0/G1 phase and trophoblast proliferation is inhibited. Lnc-HZ05 harboring wild-type binding site for miR-hz05, but not its mutant site, could upregulate FOXO3a expression. In normal trophoblast cells, relatively less lnc-HZ05 and more miR-hz05 activate FOXO3a/P21/CDK2 pathway and promote trophoblast proliferation, giving normal pregnancy. In RM tissues and BPDE-treated human trophoblast cells, lnc-HZ05 is increased and miR-hz05 is reduced, both of which suppress this pathway and inhibit cell proliferation, and finally lead to miscarriage. Thus, lnc-HZ05 and miR-hz05 simultaneously regulate cell cycle and proliferation of BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells and miscarriage, providing new perspectives and clinical understandings in the occurrence of unexplained miscarriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiayu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhongyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng Y, Liu T, Xu S, Ren Y, Ge Y, Yin L, Pu Y, Liang G. The role of N6-methyladenosine methylation in environmental exposure-induced health damage. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:69153-69175. [PMID: 35951238 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The health risks caused by environmental pollution have long been of substantial concern. With the development of epigenetics, a large number of studies have demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is involved in the regulation of various important life activities associated with various diseases. Recent studies have revealed that m6A plays a key role in health damage caused by environmental exposure by regulating post-transcriptional gene expression. Therefore, our study outlined the effects of environmental pollutant exposure on m6A methylation and its regulator levels. Moreover, we found that m6A methylation modifications were involved in the development of various health damages by regulating important life activities in vivo, such as reactive oxygen species imbalance, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inflammatory processes. More importantly, we delved into the regulatory mechanisms of m6A methylation dysregulation in environmental pollution-induced diseases. Finally, by examining the published literature, we found that methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3) and fat mass- and obesity-associated protein (FTO) were potentially used as biomarkers of health damage induced by particulate matter exposure and heavy metal exposure, respectively. The current studies on regulators of METTL3 and FTO were more promising to bring new perspectives for the treatment of environmental health-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen KM, Sun YW, Krebs NM, Sun D, Krzeminski J, Reinhart L, Gowda K, Amin S, Mallery S, Richie JP, El-Bayoumy K. Detection of DNA adducts derived from the tobacco carcinogens, benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene in human oral buccal cells. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:746-753. [PMID: 35749296 PMCID: PMC9486590 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recognized as potential etiological agents in the development of oral cancer in smokers. In particular, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DB[a,l]P) are detected in cigarette smoke and the environment and can induce DNA damage, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in the oral cavity of rodents. Consequently, DNA adducts are regarded as the most direct markers of genotoxicity and can be used as biomarkers of cancer risk. Thus, this study used LC-MS/MS analysis with isotope labeled internal standard to detect and quantify DNA adducts derived from B[a]P and DB[a,l]P in buccal cells of cigarette smokers and non-smokers. Participants in this study include 21 smokers and 16 non-smokers. Our data are the first to report that levels (mean ± SD) of BPDE-N2-dG were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in smokers (20.18 ± 8.40 adducts/108 dG) than in non-smokers (0.84 ± 1.02 adducts/108 dG). Likewise, levels of DBPDE-N6-dA in smokers (5.49 ± 3.41 adducts/108 dA) were significantly higher (P = 0.019) than non-smokers (2.76 ± 2.29 adducts/108 dA). Collectively, the results of this clinical study support that PAHs in tobacco smoke can contribute to the development of oral cancer in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yuan-Wan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nicolle M Krebs
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Reinhart
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Krishne Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Susan Mallery
- College of Dentistry, Division of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John P Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Karam El-Bayoumy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rong W, Shukun W, Xiaoqing W, Wenxin H, Mengyuan D, Chenyang M, Zhang H. Regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs and m6A modification in trophoblast functions and the occurrence of its related adverse pregnancy outcomes. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:681-713. [PMID: 36794364 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2144711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal growth restriction, and recurrent miscarriage, occur frequently in pregnant women and might further induce morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus. Increasing studies have shown that dysfunctions of human trophoblast are related to these adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent studies also showed that environmental toxicants could induce trophoblast dysfunctions. Moreover, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play important regulatory roles in various cellular processes. However, the roles of ncRNAs in the regulation of trophoblast dysfunctions and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes still need to be further investigated, especially with exposure to environmental toxicants. In this review, we analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs and m6A methylation modification in the dysfunctions of trophoblast cells and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and also summarized the harmful effects of environmental toxicants. In addition to DNA replication, mRNA transcription, and protein translation, ncRNAs and m6A modification might be considered as the fourth and fifth elements that regulate the genetic central dogma, respectively. Environmental toxicants might also affect these processes. In this review, we expect to provide a deeper scientific understanding of the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and to discover potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Rong
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wan Shukun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Xiaoqing
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Wenxin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dai Mengyuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mi Chenyang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kurono N, Iwashita Y, Sugimura H. Facile Multi-gram Preparation of trans-7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo[a]pyrene, a Precursor of Benzopyrene Diol Epoxide. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2022.2081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhito Kurono
- Department of Chemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuji Iwashita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao N, Wu W, Cui S, Li H, Feng Y, Guo L, Zhang Y, Wang S. Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts, dietary vitamins, folate, and carotene intakes on preterm birth: a nested case-control study from the birth cohort in China. Environ Health 2022; 21:48. [PMID: 35513839 PMCID: PMC9074263 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its DNA adducts has been suggested to increase the risk of preterm birth (PB). Yet, few studies have been conducted to investigate this association, and the role of dietary nutrients intakes including vitamins, folate, and carotene during pre- and post-conception on this association has not been studied. METHODS Building upon a birth cohort in Taiyuan China, we conducted a nested case control study including 83 PB and 82 term births. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-DNA adducts were measured by an improved LC-MC/MC analytic method. Dietary nutrient intakes were estimated from food frequency questionnaire using the Chinese Standard Tables of Food Consumption. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the associations. RESULTS Increased risk of PB was observed as per interquartile increase in maternal BaP-DNA adduct level (OR = 1.27, 95%CI 0.95-1.67). Compared to low level (below mean) of maternal adducts, high level (above mean) of adducts was associated with the risk of PB (OR = 2.05, 95%CI 1.05-4.01). After stratified by dietary nutrients intakes, high adducts levels were associated with approximately 2-fourfold times increases in risk of PB among women with low vitamin A, C, E, folate, and carotene intakes during pre- and/or post-conception. Stronger stratified associations were consistently seen during preconception. Similar patterns were observed after additional adjustment for supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the hypothesis that high level of maternal PAHs exposure was significantly associated with increased risk of PB, and provides the first evidence that dietary vitamins, carotene, and folate intake levels may modify this association during different pregnancy windows. Our findings are relevant to identify recommendation for environment management and prenatal nutrition regarding pregnant women and newborns. Further investigation in other populations is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Medical Research Center/State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shiwei Cui
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yongliang Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zurita J, Motwani HV, Ilag LL, Souliotis VL, Kyrtopoulos SA, Nilsson U, Törnqvist M. Detection of Benzo[ a]pyrene Diol Epoxide Adducts to Histidine and Lysine in Serum Albumin In Vivo by High-Resolution-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Toxics 2022; 10:27. [PMID: 35051069 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrophilic diol epoxide metabolites are involved in the carcinogenicity of benzo[a]pyrene, one of the widely studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The exposure of humans to this PAH can be assessed by measuring stable blood protein adducts, such as to histidine and lysine in serum albumin, from their reactive metabolites. In this respect, measurement of the adducts originating from the genotoxic (+)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide is of interest. However, these are difficult to measure at such low levels as are expected in humans generally exposed to benzo[a]pyrene from air pollution and the diet. The analytical methods detecting PAH-biomarkers still suffer from low selectivity and/or detectability to enable generation of data for calculation of in vivo doses of specific stereoisomers, for evaluation of risk factors and assessing risk from exposures to PAH. Here, we suggest an analytical methodology based on high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS) to lower the detection limits as well as to increase the selectivity with improvements in both chromatographic separation and mass determination. Method development was performed using serum albumin alkylated in vitro by benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide isomers. The (+)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide adducts could be chromatographically resolved by using an HPLC column with a pentafluorophenyl stationary phase. Interferences were further diminished by the high mass accuracy and resolving power of Orbitrap MS. The achieved method detection limit for the (+)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide adduct to histidine was approximately 4 amol/mg serum albumin. This adduct as well as the adducts to histidine from (−)-anti- and (+/−)-syn-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide were quantified in the samples from benzo[a]pyrene-exposed mice. Corresponding adducts to lysine were also quantified. In human serum albumin, the anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide adducts to histidine were detected in only two out of twelve samples and at a level of approximately 0.1 fmol/mg.
Collapse
|
9
|
Lu K, Hsiao YC, Liu CW, Schoeny R, Gentry R, Starr TB. A Review of Stable Isotope Labeling and Mass Spectrometry Methods to Distinguish Exogenous from Endogenous DNA Adducts and Improve Dose-Response Assessments. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 35:7-29. [PMID: 34910474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains the second most frequent cause of death in human populations worldwide, which has been reflected in the emphasis placed on management of risk from environmental chemicals considered to be potential human carcinogens. The formation of DNA adducts has been considered as one of the key events of cancer, and persistence and/or failure of repair of these adducts may lead to mutation, thus initiating cancer. Some chemical carcinogens can produce DNA adducts, and DNA adducts have been used as biomarkers of exposure. However, DNA adducts of various types are also produced endogenously in the course of normal metabolism. Since both endogenous physiological processes and exogenous exposure to xenobiotics can cause DNA adducts, the differentiation of the sources of DNA adducts can be highly informative for cancer risk assessment. This review summarizes a highly applicable methodology, termed stable isotope labeling and mass spectrometry (SILMS), that is superior to previous methods, as it not only provides absolute quantitation of DNA adducts but also differentiates the exogenous and endogenous origins of DNA adducts. SILMS uses stable isotope-labeled substances for exposure, followed by DNA adduct measurement with highly sensitive mass spectrometry. Herein, the utilities and advantage of SILMS have been demonstrated by the rich data sets generated over the last two decades in improving the risk assessment of chemicals with DNA adducts being induced by both endogenous and exogenous sources, such as formaldehyde, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and ethylene oxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rita Schoeny
- Rita Schoeny LLC, 726 Fifth Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20002, United States
| | - Robinan Gentry
- Ramboll US Consulting, Inc., Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - Thomas B Starr
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,TBS Associates, 7500 Rainwater Road, Raleigh, North Carolina 27615, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang W, Dai M, Qiu T, Liang T, Xie J, Mi C, Zhao J, Chen W, Tian P, Zhang S, Zhang H. Novel lncRNA-HZ04 promotes BPDE-induced human trophoblast cell apoptosis and miscarriage by upregulating IP 3 R 1 /CaMKII/SGCB pathway by competitively binding with miR-hz04. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21789. [PMID: 34383983 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100376rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Normal pregnancy is essential for human reproduction. However, BaP (benzo(a)pyrene) and its metabolite BPDE (benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide) could cause dysfunctions of human trophoblast cells and might further induce miscarriage. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Herein, we identified a novel upregulated lnc-HZ04 and a novel downregulated miR-hz04 in villous tissues of unexplained recurrent miscarriage (RM) relative to those in healthy control tissues and also in BPDE-treated human trophoblast cells. Lnc-HZ04 directly and specifically bound with miR-hz04, diminished the reduction effects of miR-hz04 on IP3 R1 mRNA expression level and on IP3 R1 mRNA stability, and then activated the Ca2+ -mediated IP3 R1 /p-CaMKII/SGCB pathway, which further promoted trophoblast cell apoptosis. The miR-hz04 target site on lnc-HZ04 played crucial roles in these regulations. In normal trophoblast, relatively less lnc-HZ04 and more miR-hz04 suppressed this apoptosis pathway and gave normal pregnancy. After exposure to BPDE or in RM tissues, p53 was upregulated, which might promote p53-mediated lnc-HZ04 transcription. Relatively more lnc-HZ04 and less miR-hz04 activated this apoptosis pathway and might further induce miscarriage. BaP could also induce mice miscarriage by upregulating its corresponding murine apoptosis pathway. Therefore, BPDE-induced apoptosis of human trophoblast cells was associated with the occurrence of miscarriage. This work discovered the regulation roles of lnc-HZ04 and miR-hz04 and provided scientific and clinical understanding of the occurrence of unexplained miscarriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Huang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Taotao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenyang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingsong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu Z, Tian P, Guo J, Mi C, Liang T, Xie J, Huang W, Dai M, Chen W, Zhang H. Lnc-HZ01 with m6A RNA methylation inhibits human trophoblast cell proliferation and induces miscarriage by up-regulating BPDE-activated lnc-HZ01/MXD1 positive feedback loop. Sci Total Environ 2021; 776:145950. [PMID: 33647641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental BaP (benzo(a)pyrene) and its metabolite BPDE (benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide) inhibit proliferation of human villous trophoblast cells, which might further induce recurrent miscarriage (RM). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this work, we identified a novel lncRNA HZ01 (lnc-HZ01) that is up-regulated in both RM tissues and BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells. Lnc-HZ01 inhibits trophoblast cell proliferation and induces miscarriage. Mechanistically, lnc-HZ01 promotes MXD1 mRNA transcription by up-regulating its transcription factor c-JUN and also enhances MXD1 protein stability by up-regulating its deubiquitin enzyme USP36. Reversely, MXD1 up-regulates lnc-HZ01 level by enhancing its RNA stability due to the increased level of m6A RNA methylation on lnc-HZ01, the first example that m6A modification regulates trophoblast cell functions. Thus, lnc-HZ01 and MXD1 comprise a positive self-feedback loop, which is up-regulated in both RM tissues and BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells. Once this loop is activated by BaP or BPDE exposure, both pathways in this loop would be up-regulated, promote EIF4E transcription, inhibit trophoblast cell proliferation, and further induce miscarriage. This work provides new clinical and scientific understanding in unexplained miscarriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiarong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenyang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiayu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
da Silva Moreira S, de Lima Inocêncio LC, Jorge BC, Reis ACC, Hisano H, Arena AC. Effects of benzo(a)pyrene at environmentally relevant doses on embryo-fetal development in rats. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:831-839. [PMID: 33350577 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ubiquituous in the environment, can cause teratogenic effects. Since the majority of studies used in vitro models or high doses of BaP, this study evaluated the teratogenicity, reproductive and developmental performance of low doses of BaP through maternal and fetus examination after daily oral administration of BaP (0; 0.1; 1.0 or 10 μg/kg) to pregnant Wistar rats from Gestational day (GD) 6 to GD 15 (the organogenesis period). Pregnant rats did not exhibit clinical signs of toxicity during the exposure period. However, dams exposed to the lowest dose of BaP showed a reduction in the erythrocytes number and in the creatinine levels. The groups exposed to 0.1 and 1.0 μg/kg presented a decrease in placental efficiency, as well as an increase in placental weight. After fetal examination, the treated group with the lowest dose showed a reduced relative anogenital distance, while the curve of normal distribution of weight was changed in the highest dose group. In addition, anomalies evidenced by changes in the renal size and degree of fetal ossification were observed in treated-fetus. In conclusion, treatment with BaP during organogenesis at this dose level is detrimental to the normal development of fetuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suyane da Silva Moreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cesar de Lima Inocêncio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Campos Jorge
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Casali Reis
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Arielle Cristina Arena
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Center of Toxicological Assistance (CEATOX), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alzahrani AM, Rajendran P, Veeraraghavan VP, Hanieh H. Cardiac Protective Effect of Kirenol against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in H9c2 Cells through Nrf2 Signaling via PI3K/AKT Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063269. [PMID: 33806909 PMCID: PMC8004766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kirenol (KRL) is a biologically active substance extracted from Herba Siegesbeckiae. This natural type of diterpenoid has been widely adopted for its important anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic properties. Despite several studies claiming the benefits of KRL, its cardiac effects have not yet been clarified. Cardiotoxicity remains a key concern associated with the long-term administration of doxorubicin (DOX). The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress, significantly contributing to DOX-induced cardiac damage. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the cardio-protective effects of KRL against apoptosis in H9c2 cells induced by DOX. The analysis of cellular apoptosis was performed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining assay and measuring the modulation in the expression levels of proteins involved in apoptosis and Nrf2 signaling, the oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, Western blotting was used to determine cell survival. KRL treatment, with Nrf2 upregulation and activation, accompanied by activation of PI3K/AKT, could prevent the administration of DOX to induce cardiac oxidative stress, remodeling, and other effects. Additionally, the diterpenoid enhanced the activation of Bcl2 and Bcl-xL, while suppressing apoptosis marker proteins. As a result, KRL is considered a potential agent against hypertrophy resulting from cardiac deterioration. The study results show that KRL not only activates the IGF-IR-dependent p-PI3K/p-AKT and Nrf2 signaling pathway, but also suppresses caspase-dependent apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M. Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +97-0135899543
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, India;
| | - Hamza Hanieh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alzahrani AM, Rajendran P. Pinocembrin attenuates benzo(a)pyrene-induced CYP1A1 expression through multiple pathways: An in vitro and in vivo study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22695. [PMID: 33393179 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], which is a carcinogen, is a substance most typically known in cigarette smoke and considered as an important intermediary of lung cancer. The enzyme CYP1A1 is crucial for the metabolic conversion of B(a)P into the intermediates that induce carcinogenesis. Stimulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which is regulated by B(a)P, is thought to induce numerous signaling cascades. Interruption in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway causes changes in cellular processes and may alter the AhR pathway. The aim of this investigation is to examine the potential ability of a flavonoid pinocembrin (PCB) to alleviate B(a)P toxicity and analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that PCB inhibited DNA adduct formation by attenuating CYP1A1 expression through the suppression of the AhR/Src/ERK pathways. PCB mitigated the B(a)P-stimulated DNA damage, inhibited Src and ERK1/2 expression, decreased CYP1A1 expression, and reduced the B(a)P-induced stimulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lung epithelial cells. Finally, the activity of CYP1A1 and Src in lung tissues from mice supplemented with PCB was noticeably decreased and lower than that in lung tissues from mice supplemented with B(a)P alone. Collectively, these data suggest that PCB may alleviate the toxic effects of PAHs, which are important environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Motwani HV. DNA as an in vitro trapping agent for detection of bulky genotoxic metabolites. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1152:122276. [PMID: 32721860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The instability of electrophilic reactive metabolites in in vitro metabolism studies makes their accurate analysis challenging. To stabilise the reactive compounds prior to their analysis, different trapping agents, such as thiols, amines and cob(I)alamin, have earlier been tested depending on the metabolites to be analysed and the type of study. In the present work, DNA is introduced as a trapping agent for measuring the formation of bulky electrophilic metabolites. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), was used as a model compound in a rat liver S9 metabolic system. Under physiological incubation conditions, B[a]P metabolises to diol epoxide (BPDE) metabolites which were trapped by DNA resulting in the formation of covalently bound DNA adducts. The methodology for analysis of these adducts included extraction of the DNA from the metabolic system, digestion of the DNA to yield nucleosides and analysis of the BPDE-adduct to deoxyguanosine (BPDE-dG) by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The chromatographic conditions in combination with the high mass accuracy data (±3 ppm) was useful in resolving BPDE-dG in its protonated form from the complex set of ions present in the metabolic matrix. The method was validated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision and recovery, and applied to provide a preliminary estimate of BPDE-dG levels from the metabolism of B[a]P in rat S9. The use of DNA as a trapping agent for in vitro metabolites has a potential to aid in cancer risk assessment procedure of PAHs, for instance, in inter-species comparison of metabolism to reactive metabolites and can be adapted for screening of genotoxic metabolites, e.g., from emerging environmental contaminants.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yin J, Zhang N, Wang H. Liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry for analysis of DNA damages induced by environmental exposure. Trends Analyt Chem 2019; 120:115645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|