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Fan S, Xu H, Zhang Q, Xu A, Geissen SU, Lebedev AT, Zhang Y. Kinetic constants and transformation products of ornidazole during ozonation. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140783. [PMID: 38043618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Ornidazole (ONZ), a nitroimidazole antibiotic detected in water bodies, may negatively impact the aquatic ecosystem. Its reaction kinetics during ozonation which is a feasible and applicable technology to control the contamination of emerging contaminants, however, has not been reported in literature. In this study, we measured the apparent second-order kinetic constant of ONZ with ozone molecules via the excessive ozone method and the competing method which led to an average value of 103.8 ± 2.7 M-1 s-1 at pH 7. The apparent second-order kinetic constant of ONZ with HO• was calculated to be 4.65 × 109 M-1 s-1 with the concept of Rct measured via para-chlorobenzoic acid as a probe. The transformation products (TPs) of ONZ during ozonation at pH 3 and pH 11 were separately analyzed with HPLC-MS/MS and some unique products were found at pH 11, reflecting the influence of HO•. The toxicity of individual TPs was predicted with the tool of T.E.S.T. It was found that 62% of 21 identified TPs could be more toxic than ONZ in terms of at least one acute toxicity endpoint, including chlorinated amines and N-oxides. The analysis with a respirometer further revealed that the toxicity of mixing TPs generated at HO• rich conditions was slightly lower than O3 dominated conditions. In general, this study provides the basic kinetic data for designing ozonation processes to eliminate ONZ and the important reference for understanding the toxicity evolution of ONZ during ozonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Anlin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Sven Uwe Geissen
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Environmental Process Engineering, Sekr. KF2, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert T Lebedev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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2
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Wang C, Lu Y, Sun B, Zhang M, Wang R, Li X, Mao R, Cao Z, Song S. Contamination, transport, and ecological risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a large irrigation region. Sci Total Environ 2022; 851:158179. [PMID: 35988592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have attracted widespread attention owing to their extensive use and potential adverse effects on human and ecosystem health. There is a lack of information regarding the occurrence and environmental fate of PPCPs in large agricultural irrigation areas in China. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive survey on 30 PPCPs in water from Hetao Irrigation District, one of the three largest irrigation areas in China. The ΣPPCP-concentrations ranged 82.13-1409.24 ng/L in August and 40.53-887.20 ng/L in November, with caffeine (CAF), norfloxacin (NOR), erythromycin (ERY), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ofloxacin (OFL) being the predominant compositions. Spatially, the average ΣPPCP concentrations increased from irrigation to drainage water, and then decreased in Wuliangsuhai Lake. Less PPCP mass loading (55.05 kg/y) migrated from Wuliangsuhai Lake to Yellow River than that from the Yellow River to Hetao Irrigation District (425.88 kg/y), indicating that Wuliangsuhai Lake plays an important role in improving water quality. An ecological risk assessment showed that it is worthwhile to consider the presence of CAF, ERY, NOR, and OFL in natural surface water and to control their potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shuai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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He Y, Cai Y, Fan S, Meng T, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhang Y. Hydroxyl radicals can significantly influence the toxicity of ofloxacin transformation products during ozonation. J Hazard Mater 2022; 438:129503. [PMID: 35999735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ozonation is often applied to eliminate the recalcitrant contaminants in water. During the process, toxic transformation products (TPs) can be generated mainly via the reactions with ozone and hydroxyl radicals (•OH). However, the toxicity difference between the TPs generated from O3 and •OH has not been well elucidated. In this study, we designed ozonation scenarios with different Rct values (the exposure ratio of •OH to O3) via varying pH values, adding a catalyst or a radical scavenger, and investigated the degradation of a popularly used antibiotic ofloxacin (OFX). The microbial oxygen uptake, the development of zebrafish embryos, and the calculation with the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T) were applied to evaluate the toxicity of TPs generated from the above reaction scenarios. The toxicity tests demonstrated that TPs formed at high-Rct conditions were less toxic than those at low-Rct conditions. Ten and eleven TPs were identified during ozonation of OFX at pH 3 and 9, respectively, based on which the different pathways were proposed. The piperazine ring's demethylation and opening occurred at both pH values, while the hydroxylation of quinolone and oxazine mainly occurred at pH 9. The study suggests that •OH might be more efficient in eliminating the toxicity of OFX than O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Siyan Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Tong Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiuwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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4
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Liu S, Chen D, Wang Z, Zhang M, Zhu M, Yin M, Zhang T, Wang X. Shifts of bacterial community and molecular ecological network in activated sludge system under ibuprofen stress. Chemosphere 2022; 295:133888. [PMID: 35134395 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The major objectives of this study were to explore the long-term effects of ibuprofen (IBP) on nutrient removal, community compositions, and microbial interactions of the activated sludge system. The results showed that 1 mg/L IBP had no inhibitory effects on the removal of organic matters and nutrients. IBP significantly reduced the microbial diversity and changed the bacterial community structure. Some denitrifiers (Denitratisoma and Hyphomicrobium) increased significantly, while NOB (Nitrospira) significantly decreased under IBP stress (P < 0.05). Furthermore, molecular ecological network analysis indicated that IBP reduced the overall network size and links, but led to a closer network with more efficient communication, which might be the strategy of microbes to survive under the stress of IBP and further maintain the performance stability. Different phylogenetic populations had different responses to IBP, as a closer subnetwork with more synergistic relations was observed in Chloroflexi and a looser subnetwork with more competitive relationships was detected in Proteobacteria. The topological roles of nodes significantly changed, and the putative keystone species decreased under the stress of IBP. This study broadens our knowledge of the long-term effects of IBP on the microbial community structure and the interactions between species in the activated sludge system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidi Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Daying Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300037, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Minglu Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Minghan Zhu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Meilin Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300037, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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5
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Díaz-Cubilla M, Letón P, Luna-Vázquez C, Marrón-Romera M, Boltes K. Effect of Carbamazepine, Ibuprofen, Triclosan and Sulfamethoxazole on Anaerobic Bioreactor Performance: Combining Cell Damage, Ecotoxicity and Chemical Information. Toxics 2022; 10:toxics10010042. [PMID: 35051084 PMCID: PMC8779021 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are partially degraded in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), thereby leading to the formation of more toxic metabolites. Bacterial populations in bioreactors operated in WWTPs are sensitive to different toxics such as heavy metals and aromatic compounds, but there is still little information on the effect that pharmaceuticals exert on their metabolism, especially under anaerobic conditions. This work evaluated the effect of selected pharmaceuticals that remain in solution and attached to biosolids on the metabolism of anaerobic biomass. Batch reactors operated in parallel under the pressure of four individual and mixed PPCPs (carbamazepine, ibuprofen, triclosan and sulfametoxazole) allowed us to obtain relevant information on anaerobic digestion performance, toxicological effects and alterations to key enzymes involved in the biodegradation process. Cell viability was quantitatively evaluated using an automatic analysis of confocal microscopy images, and showed that triclosan and mixed pollutants caused higher toxicity and cell death than the other individual compounds. Both individual pollutants and their mixture had a considerable impact on the anaerobic digestion process, favoring carbon dioxide production, lowering organic matter removal and methane production, which also produced microbial stress and irreversible cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Díaz-Cubilla
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,600, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (P.L.)
| | - Pedro Letón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,600, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (P.L.)
- IMDEA Water Institute, Parque Científico Tecnológico, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos Luna-Vázquez
- Departamento de Electrónica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,600, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (C.L.-V.); (M.M.-R.)
| | - Marta Marrón-Romera
- Departamento de Electrónica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,600, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (C.L.-V.); (M.M.-R.)
| | - Karina Boltes
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33,600, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (P.L.)
- IMDEA Water Institute, Parque Científico Tecnológico, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Correspondence: Karina Boltes
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6
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Greño M, Amariei G, Boltes K, Castro-Puyana M, García MA, Marina ML. Ecotoxicity evaluation of tetramethrin and analysis in agrochemical formulations using chiral electrokinetic chromatography. Sci Total Environ 2021; 800:149496. [PMID: 34388647 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The separation of the four isomers of tetramethrin was performed for the first time using a cyclodextrin-micellar electrokinetic chromatography methodology. Using sodium deoxycholate and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD as chiral selectors, tetramethrin isomers were separated with resolution values of 1.7 and 1.1 for trans- and cis-isomers, respectively, in analysis times lower than 12.5 min. Once developed and optimized, the analytical method was applied to the analysis of an antiparasitic commercial formulation and to the evaluation of the stability and ecotoxicity of tetramethrin. Using measured concentrations, the stability was assessed at enantiomeric level and the ecotoxicological parameters on Daphnia magna were determined. Tetramethrin presents toxicity on aquatic microinvertebrates, with EC50 (t = 72 h) of 1.8 mg/L. The acute toxicity of tetrametrin was attributed to the trans-1 enantiomer. The first evidence of oxidative stress-mediated mode of action for tetramethrin on Daphnia magna is reported in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Greño
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Amariei
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Boltes
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Castro-Puyana
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Lopez C, Knapp CW. Evaluating acute toxicity in enriched nitrifying cultures: Lessons learned. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 192:106377. [PMID: 34798174 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Toxicological batch assays are essential to assess a compound's acute effect on microorganisms. This methodology is frequently employed to evaluate the effect of contaminants in sensitive microbial communities from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), such as autotrophic nitrifying populations. However, despite nitrifying batch assays being commonly mentioned in the literature, their experimental design criteria are rarely reported or overlooked. Here, we found that slight deviations in culture preparations and conditions impacted bacterial community performance and could skew assay results. From pre-experimental trials and experience, we determined how mishandling and treatment of cultures could affect nitrification activity. While media and biomass preparations are needed to establish baseline conditions (e.g., biomass washing), we found extensive centrifugation selectively destabilised nitrification activities. Further, it is paramount that the air supply is adjusted to minimise nitrite build-up in the culture and maintain suitable aeration levels without sparging ammonia. DMSO and acetone up to 0.03% (v/v) were suitable organic solvents with minimal impact on nitrification activity. In the nitrification assays with allylthiourea (ATU), dilute cultures exhibited more significant inhibition than concentrated cultures. So there were biomass-related effects; however, these differences minimally impacted the EC50 values. Using different nutrient-media compositions had a minimal effect; however, switching mineral media for the toxicity test from the original cultivation media is not recommended because it reduced the original biomass nitrification capacity. Our results demonstrated that these factors substantially impact the performance of the nitrifying inoculum used in acute bioassays, and consequently, affect the response of AOB-NOB populations during the toxicant exposure. These are not highlighted in operation standards, and unfortunately, they can have significant consequential impacts on the determinations of toxicological endpoints. Moreover, the practical procedures tested here could support other authors in developing testing methodologies, adding quality checks in the experimental framework with minimal waste of time and resources.
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Lopez C, Nnorom MA, Tsang YF, Knapp CW. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products' (PPCPs) impact on enriched nitrifying cultures. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:60968-60980. [PMID: 34165737 PMCID: PMC8580922 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The impact of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) on the performance of biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has been widely studied using whole-community approaches. These contaminants affect the capacity of microbial communities to transform nutrients; however, most have neither honed their examination on the nitrifying communities directly nor considered the impact on individual populations. In this study, six PPCPs commonly found in WWTPs, including a stimulant (caffeine), an antimicrobial agent (triclosan), an insect repellent ingredient (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)) and antibiotics (ampicillin, colistin and ofloxacin), were selected to assess their short-term toxic effect on enriched nitrifying cultures: Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. The results showed that triclosan exhibited the greatest inhibition on nitrification with EC50 of 89.1 μg L-1. From the selected antibiotics, colistin significantly affected the overall nitrification with the lowest EC50 of 1 mg L-1, and a more pronounced inhibitory effect on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) compared to nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The EC50 of ampicillin and ofloxacin was 23.7 and 12.7 mg L-1, respectively. Additionally, experimental data suggested that nitrifying bacteria were insensitive to the presence of caffeine. In the case of DEET, moderate inhibition of nitrification (<40%) was observed at 10 mg L-1. These findings contribute to the understanding of the response of nitrifying communities in presence of PPCPs, which play an essential role in biological nitrification in WWTPs. Knowing specific community responses helps develop mitigation measures to improve system resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lopez
- Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Mac-Anthony Nnorom
- Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Charles W Knapp
- Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK.
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Zhang X, Ren B, Li X, Liu B, Wang S, Yu P, Xu Y, Jiang G. High-efficiency removal of tetracycline by carbon-bridge-doped g-C 3N 4/Fe 3O 4 magnetic heterogeneous catalyst through photo-Fenton process. J Hazard Mater 2021; 418:126333. [PMID: 34118537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-bridge-modified malonamide (MLD)/g-C3N4 (CN) was prepared by copolymerization of MLD with urea and melamine and loaded with Fe3O4 for the high-efficiency removal of tetracycline (TC) in water under photo-Fenton. The prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, XPS, XRD, and FTIR, which proved that the modification method successfully introduced the C bridge into the carbon nitride molecular system and increased the structural defects of the catalyst. The Carbon-bridge-modified MLD/CN/Fe3O4 also had good visible-light response and charge-separation and transport abilities in the photoelectrochemical test. Degradation results showed that the photo-Fenton degradation of TC reached 95.8%, and the mineralization rate was 55.7% within 80 min at 80 mM H2O2 dosage, 0.5 g/L catalyst dosage, and near-neutral pH by 0.8MLD/CN/Fe3O4. Moreover, the oxidation products and mineralization pathways of TC were explored by LC-MS. Toxicity analysis indicated low environmental threat of the intermediates in TC mineralization. EPR analysis and H2O2 decomposition efficiency analyses showed an improvement in the H2O2 decomposition performance of 0.8MLD/CN/Fe3O4. This work could provide a valuable insight for the application of heterogeneous photo-Fenton technology in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Bin Ren
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xi Li
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Biming Liu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Jiangsu Baichuan High-Tech New Materials Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
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10
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Melo A, Costa J, Quintelas C, Ferreira EC, Mesquita DP. Effect of ibuprofen on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production and composition, and assessment of microbial structure by quantitative image analysis. J Environ Manage 2021; 293:112852. [PMID: 34091137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) with activated sludge was operated with synthetic wastewater containing ibuprofen (IBU) to investigate the biomass stress-responses under long-term IBU exposure. There were 3 different phases: phase I as the control without IBU for 56 days, phase II (40 days), and phase III (60 days) containing IBU at 10 and 5 mg L-1 each. The overall performance of the SBR as well as the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in terms of polysaccharides, proteins, and humic acid substances were estimated. Morphological parameters of microbial aggregates in the presence of IBU (phase II and phase III) were assessed by quantitative image analysis (QIA). Removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium (NH4+) were significantly reduced by IBU. Loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) decreased during phase II and phase III, and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) was slightly higher in phase II than phase I. TB-EPS proteins were greater in phase II, perhaps to protect microbial cells from IBU exposure. These findings provided insight into both activated sludge stress-responses and EPS composition under long-term IBU exposure. Spearman correlation showed that EPS and morphological parameters significantly affected sludge settleability and flocculation. QIA also proved to be a powerful technique in investigating dysfunctions in activated sludge under IBU exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Melo
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Cristina Quintelas
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Daniela P Mesquita
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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11
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Amariei G, Boltes K, García MÁ, Marina ML. Stereoselective separation of sulfoxaflor by electrokinetic chromatography and applications to stability and ecotoxicological studies. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1654:462450. [PMID: 34399142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An Electrokinetic Chromatography method was developed for the stereoselective analysis of sulfoxaflor, a novel sulfoximine agrochemical with two chiral centers. A screening with fourteen negatively charged CDs was performed and Succinyl-β-CD (Succ-β-CD) was selected. A 15 mM concentration of this CD in a 100 mM borate buffer (pH 9.0), using an applied voltage of 20 kV and a temperature of 15 °C made possible the baseline separation of the four stereoisomers of sulfoxaflor in 13.8 min. The evaluation of the linearity, accuracy, precision, LODs and LOQs of the method developed showed its performance to be applied to the analysis of commercial agrochemical formulations, the evaluation of the stability of sulfoxaflor stereoisomers under biotic and abiotic conditions, and to predict, for the first time, sulfoxaflor toxicity (using real concentrations instead of nominal concentrations), on two non-target aquatic organisms, the freshwater plant, Spirodela polyrhiza, and the marine bacterium, Vibrio fischeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jiménez-Jiménez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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12
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Gatidou G, Chatzopoulos P, Chhetri RK, Kokkoli A, Giannakopoulos A, Andersen HR, Stasinakis AS. Ecotoxicity and biodegradation of the bacteriostatic 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TSCA) compared to the structurally similar bactericide triclosan. Sci Total Environ 2021; 769:144960. [PMID: 33477039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This article studies the ecotoxicity of 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) using different bioassays and examines its fate in activated sludge batch experiments. Despite of the common use of TCSA as chemical uncoupler in wastewater treatment systems and as preservative in several products, limited data has been published for its ecotoxicity, while no information is available for its biodegradation. Among different bioassays, the highest toxicity of TSCA was noticed for Daphna magna (48-h LC50: 0.054 mg L-1), followed by Vibrio fischeri (15-min EC50: 0.392 mg L-1), Lemna minor, (7-d EC50: 5.74 mg L-1) and activated sludge respiration rate (3-h EC50: 31.1 mg L-1). The half-life of TSCA was equal to 7.3 h in biodegradation experiments with activated sludge, while use of mass balances showed that 90% of this compound is expected to be removed in an aerobic activated sludge system, mainly due to biodegradation. A preliminary risk assessment of TSCA using the Risk Quotient methodology showed possible ecological threat in rivers where wastewater is diluted up to 100-fold. Comparison with the structurally similar 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (triclosan, TCS) showed that both compounds have similar biodegradation potential and seem to cause analogous toxicity to Vibrio fischeri and activated sludge. Specifically, TCS was biodegraded quite rapidly by activated sludge (half-life: 6.2 h), while EC50 values equal to 0.134 mg L-1 and 39.9 mg L-1 were calculated for Vibrio fischeri, and activated sludge respiration rate. Future research should focus on monitoring of TSCA concentrations in the environment and study its effects in long-term toxicity and bioaccumulation tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Gatidou
- Water and Air Quality Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece.
| | - Paschalis Chatzopoulos
- Water and Air Quality Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| | - Ravi Kumar Chhetri
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 115, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Argyro Kokkoli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 115, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Andreas Giannakopoulos
- Water and Air Quality Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| | - Henrik Rasmus Andersen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 115, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Athanasios S Stasinakis
- Water and Air Quality Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
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Li K, Xu A, Wu D, Zhao S, Meng T, Zhang Y. Degradation of ofloxacin by a manganese-oxidizing bacterium Pseudomonas sp. F2 and its biogenic manganese oxides. Bioresour Technol 2021; 328:124826. [PMID: 33631461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics like ofloxacin (OFL) have been frequently detected in the aquatic environment. Recently manganese-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) have attracted research efforts on the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants with the aid of their biogenic manganese oxides (BioMnOx). Herein, the degradation of OFL with a strain of MOB (Pseudomonas sp. F2) was investigated for the first time. It was found that the bacteria can degrade up to 100% of 5 μg/L OFL. BioMnOx and Mn(III) intermediates significantly contributed to the degradation. Moreover, the degradation was clearly declined when the microbial activity was inactivated by heat or ethanol, indicating the importance of bioactivity. Possible transformation products of OFL were identified by HPLC-MS and the degradation pathway was proposed. In addition, the toxicity of OFL was reduced by 66% after the degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjie Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Anlin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Donghong Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Siyan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Tong Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China.
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Li P, Ge P, Ping S, Lin W, Zhang X, Wei C, Ren Y. Photodegradation mechanism and influencing factors of asthma drug salmeterol under UV irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021; 404:112944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Jia Y, Khanal SK, Yin L, Sun L, Lu H. Influence of ibuprofen and its biotransformation products on different biological sludge systems and ecosystem. Environ Int 2021; 146:106265. [PMID: 33227585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) is one of the frequently detected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and aquatic environment. However, little is known about the effect of IBU and its biotransformation products (TPs) on different biological sludge systems and aquatic environment. The effects and toxicity of IBU and TPs on three biological sludge systems (i.e., activated sludge (AS), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-enriched sludge and anaerobic methanogenic (AnM) sludge systems) and aquatic environment were comprehensively evaluated through a long-term operation of three bioreactors and a series of batch experiments. Both of the SRB-enriched sludge and AnM sludge systems were not affected under a long-term exposure to IBU, based on removing organic carbon and sulfur and producing methane. This could be attributed to the high tolerance of functional microbes in the SRB-enriched sludge (e.g., genus Desulfobacter) and AnM sludge systems (e.g., genus Candidatus Methanomethylicus) for IBU. In contrast, IBU had some apparently inhibitory effects on the AS system, such as reduced organic removal efficiency and poor sludge settling. The analysis on microbial community revealed that IBU significantly inhibited the genera involved in organic degradation (e.g., genus Candidatus Competibacter) and also stimulated those genera (e.g., genus Brachymonas) to secret excess extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which thus caused sludge bulking in the AS system. The toxicity of IBU and its TPs in the effluent of the AS system was also investigated with Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition tests and quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis by ecological structure-activity relationship (ECOSAR) program. The results indicated that the AS system could effectively eliminate the acute toxicity of both IBU and TPs, but a potential chronic toxicity of IBU could still existed, which could be more harmful to aquatic organisms than that of its TPs. These findings provide an insight into the toxic effects of IBU and its TPs on biological sludge systems and ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA
| | - Linwan Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lianpeng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangzhou, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, PR China.
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16
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Mao S, Liu C, Xia M, Wang F, Ju X. Construction of a Z-scheme 1D/2D FeV 3O 8/g-C 3N 4 composite for ibuprofen degradation: mechanism insight, theoretical calculation and degradation pathway. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00025j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A direct Z-scheme heterojunction of 1D FeV3O8 nanorods and 2D g-C3N4 nanosheets with enhanced charge separation efficiency was successfully fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Mingzhu Xia
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xuehai Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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17
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Valhondo C, Carrera J, Martínez-landa L, Wang J, Amalfitano S, Levantesi C, Diaz-cruz MS. Reactive Barriers for Renaturalization of Reclaimed Water during Soil Aquifer Treatment. Water 2020; 12:1012. [DOI: 10.3390/w12041012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is known to increase available water quantity and to improve water quality. However, its implementation is hindered by the concern of polluting aquifers, which might lead to onerous treatment and regulatory requirements for the source water. These requirements might make MAR unsustainable both economically and energetically. To address these concerns, we tested reactive barriers laid at the bottom of infiltration basins to enhance water quality improvement during soil passage. The goal of the barriers was to (1) provide a range of sorption sites to favor the retention of chemical contaminants and pathogens; (2) favor the development of a sequence of redox states to promote the degradation of the most recalcitrant chemical contaminants; and (3) promote the growth of plants both to reduce clogging, and to supply organic carbon and sorption sites. We summarized our experience to show that the barriers did enhance the removal of organic pollutants of concern (e.g., pharmaceuticals and personal care products). However, the barriers did not increase the removal of pathogens beyond traditional MAR systems. We reviewed the literature to suggest improvements on the design of the system to improve pathogen attenuation and to address antibiotic resistance gene transfer.
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18
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Ellepola N, Ogas T, Turner DN, Gurung R, Maldonado-Torres S, Tello-Aburto R, Patidar PL, Rogelj S, Piyasena ME, Rubasinghege G. A toxicological study on photo-degradation products of environmental ibuprofen: Ecological and human health implications. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 188:109892. [PMID: 31732272 PMCID: PMC6893141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing quantities of pharmaceutical waste in the environment have disrupted the balance of ecosystems, and may have subsequent effects on human health. Although a handful of previous studies have shown the impacts of pharmaceutically active compounds on the environment, the toxicological effects of their degradation products remain largely unknown. In the current study, the photo-degradation products of environmental ibuprofen were assessed for both ecotoxicological and human health effects using a series of in vitro assays. Here, six of the major degradation products are synthesized with high purity (>98%) and characterized with 1HNMR, 13CNMR, FT-IR and HRMS. To evaluate human health effects, three gut microbiota species, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli, and two human cell lines, HEK293T and HepG2, are exposed to various concentrations of ibuprofen and its degradation products. On L. acidophilus, the ibuprofen degradation product (±)-(2R,3R)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)-5-methylhexan-3-ol shows a greater toxic effect while ibuprofen enhances its growth at lower concentrations. At higher concentrations, ibuprofen shows at least a 2-fold higher toxicity compared to that of its degradation products. However, E. faecalis shows little or no effect upon exposure to these compounds. An induction of the SOS response in E. coli is observed but limited to only ibuprofen and 4-acetylbenzoic acid. In human cell line studies, survival of both HEK293T and HepG2 cell lines is profoundly impaired by the photo-degradation products of (±)- (2R,3R)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)-5-methylhexan-3-ol, (±)-(2R,3S)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)-5-methylhexan-3-ol, and (±)-1-(4-(1-hydroxy-2methylpropyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one. In this work, the bioluminescence bacterium, Aliivibrio fischeri, is used as a model to assess environmental impact. Both ibuprofen and its degradation products inhibit the growth of this gram-negative bacteria with the primary compound showing the most significant impact. Overall, our results highlight that some of the degradation products of ibuprofen can be more toxic to human kidney cell line and liver cell line than the parent compound while ibuprofen can be more toxic to human gut microbiota and A. fischeri than ibuprofen degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishanthi Ellepola
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Talysa Ogas
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Danielle N Turner
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Rubi Gurung
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Sabino Maldonado-Torres
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Rodolfo Tello-Aburto
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Praveen L Patidar
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Menake E Piyasena
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Gayan Rubasinghege
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA.
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Amariei G, Boltes K, Rosal R, Leton P. Enzyme response of activated sludge to a mixture of emerging contaminants in continuous exposure. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227267. [PMID: 31931513 PMCID: PMC6957336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relevant information about the impacts caused by presence of emerging pollutants in mixtures on the ecological environment, especially on the more vulnerable compartments such as activated sludge (AS) is relatively limited. This study investigated the effect of ibuprofen (IBU) and triclosan (TCS), alone and in combination to the performance and enzymatic activity of AS bacterial community. The assays were carried out in a pilot AS reactor operating for two-weeks under continuous dosage of pollutants. The microbial activity was tracked by measuring oxygen uptake rate, esterase activity, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities. It was found that IBU and TCS had no acute toxic effects on reactor biomass concentration. TCS led to significant decrease of COD removal efficiency, which dropped from 90% to 35%. Continuous exposure to IBU, TCS and their mixtures increased the activities of glutathione s-transferase (GST) and esterase as a response to oxidative damage. A high increase in GST activity was associated with non-reversible toxic damage while peaks of esterase activity combined with moderate GST increase were attributed to an adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Amariei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Karina Boltes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Leton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Valimaña-Traverso J, Amariei G, Boltes K, García MÁ, Marina ML. Stability and toxicity studies for duloxetine and econazole on Spirodela polyrhiza using chiral capillary electrophoresis. J Hazard Mater 2019; 374:203-210. [PMID: 31003121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stability and toxicity studies for duloxetine and econazole were achieved using individual solutions and their mixtures. Stability of drugs racemates and enantiomers was investigated under abiotic and biotic conditions. Toxicity was evaluated for the first time on Spirodela polyrhiza. EC50 values were calculated for each individual drug and for their binary mixture. Real (not nominal) concentrations determined by Capillary Electrophoresis were employed in the calculations of toxicity parameters. The use of a 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) with 1.5% S-β-CD as chiral selector at a temperature of 30 °C and a separation voltage of -20 kV enabled the simultaneous enantiomeric separation of duloxetine and econazole in 7.5 min with enantiomeric resolutions of 7.9 and 6.5, respectively. For individual solutions, decay percentages under abiotic conditions were higher for duloxetine (80%) than for econazole (60%), while in presence of Spirodela polyrhiza they increased for duloxetine but not for econazole. Econazole showed the highest decay percentages under abiotic or biotic conditions (100%) in binary mixtures. EC50 values for duloxetine and econazole enabled to include both drugs within the group of very toxic compounds although econazole showed a higher toxicity than duloxetine and the binary mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Valimaña-Traverso
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Maria Ángeles García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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Liu X, Huang F, Yu Y, Jiang Y, Zhao K, He Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Determination and toxicity evaluation of the generated byproducts from sulfamethazine degradation during catalytic oxidation process. Chemosphere 2019; 226:103-109. [PMID: 30921638 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethazine (SMZ), a kind of sulfonamide antibiotics, can exist for a long periods of time and has been widely detected in the environment, which could pose a potential health threat to human beings. In this study, sludge-derived carbon (SC) catalyst was modified and applied to degrade SMZ during catalytic oxidation process. Degradation products and possible transformation pathways were investigated based on data of GC-MS. The toxicity evolution of SMZ degradation after catalytic oxidation process was tested with zebrafish and microbial degradation respirometer. As a consequence, SC modified with nitric acid (SCHNO3) exhibited highly catalytic efficiency reached 92.2% SMZ conversion and 75.2% total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate after 480 min. Ten kinds of possible products were identified by GC-MS during degradation process of SMZ, indicating two possible pathways. No pronounced malformation was observed in the toxicity experiments with zebrafish until 120 h post fertilization (hpf). However, further analysis showed that zebrafish incubated with SMZ solution had higher mortality, lower hatching rate, slower spontaneous movement and shorter body length, compared with the group used normal nutrient solution, while the water after treatment had lower toxicity effects on zebrafish. The toxicity experiments with microbial degradation respirometer showed that SMZ solution had lower value of oxygen uptake, which indicated that SMZ solution had higher values of toxicity and inhibition of pharmaceutical compounds. This study provides a catalyst with low cost and high catalytic efficiency for degradation process of SMZ and gives a deeper insight into the ecotoxicity of treated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Liu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China.
| | - Yongan Jiang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yide He
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China.
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22
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Valimaña-Traverso J, Amariei G, Boltes K, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomer stability and combined toxicity of duloxetine and econazole on Daphnia magna using real concentrations determined by capillary electrophoresis. Sci Total Environ 2019; 670:770-778. [PMID: 30921710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomer stability was investigated in this work for the first time for duloxetine and econazole in individual solutions and their mixtures under the standardized ecotoxicity test experimental conditions for Daphnia magna and abiotic conditions. Real (and not nominal) enantiomer concentrations were employed for calculations since their determination was achieved by Capillary Electrophoresis. Relevant differences were found in stability profiles for both drugs in any case. Toxicity was evaluated for the first time in this work for mixtures of duloxetine and econazole on Daphnia magna. Dose-effect parameters were calculated at different exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h) showing a significant inhibition of daphnids mobility when increasing the incubation time. Combination index values enabled to obtain the type and level of interaction of drugs with the organism. A strong synergism was observed at 48 h exposure time and any effect level, which demonstrated the high toxicity of the drug mixture compared with the individual drug solutions. These results were corroborated when evaluating the oxidative stress using fluorescence images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Valimaña-Traverso
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Ángeles García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Zheng M, Han Y, Han H, Xu C, Zhang Z, Ma W. Synergistic degradation on phenolic compounds of coal pyrolysis wastewater (CPW) by lignite activated coke-active sludge (LAC-AS) process: Insights into succession of microbial community under selective pressure. Bioresour Technol 2019; 281:126-134. [PMID: 30818263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study illustrated synergistic degradation of phenolic compounds by LAC-AS process via the insight into succession of microbial community under selective pressure. The results demonstrated that high phenols exhibited toxicity pressure to single AS process by eliminating non-tolerate bacteria, inducing vicious circulation by intermediates (catechol, nitrate, etc.) accumulation. However, LAC exerted another selective pressure and facilitated positive bio-community succession of moving biological bed reactor (MBBR). Firstly, it created rich microenvironments for diverse bacteria and promoted resilient adsorption for phenols with the assistance of biodegradation. Secondly, LAC enriched facultative bacteria, which developed multiple degradation paths on phenols and nitrogen based on multifunctional genes, counteracting the toxicity pressure. Specifically, phenols were degraded by the combination of anaerobic hydrolysis and oxidation, while conventional and shortcut nitrification-denitrification (SND) and nitrogen fixation all participated in nitrogen removal, achieving high removal of COD (93.49%), Tph (93.74%), TN (92.20%) and NH4+-N (93.20%) under the highest phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yuxing Han
- School of Engineering, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongjun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Chunyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhengwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wencheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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24
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Cerrato G, Bianchi CL, Galli F, Pirola C, Morandi S, Capucci V. Micro-TiO 2 coated glass surfaces safely abate drugs in surface water. J Hazard Mater 2019; 363:328-334. [PMID: 30321837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ingredients of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) persist in water and conventional treatment plants are not able to remove them efficiently. Sonochemical treatment is insufficient to mineralize organics such as ibuprofen into CO2 and H2O. TiO2 degrades ibuprofen (IBP) under UV light; however, it does not reach a high grade of conversion. Here, we investigated the mineralization of ibuprofen to CO2 by TiO2 UV-C photocatalysis. We replaced nano-sized P25 (the standard catalyst) with a micro-sized commercial sample of TiO2 to preclude the use of nanoparticles which are dangerous for human health and because typical filtration systems are expensive and inefficient. We deposited micro-TiO2 on glass Raschig rings to ensure an easy recovery and reuse of the photocatalyst and we studied its performance both with a batch and a continuous reactor. Micro-TiO2 mineralized 100% of IBP in 24 h. TiO2-coated glass Raschig rings degraded 87% of IBP in 6 h of UV-C irradiation in a continuous reactor, with a mineralization of 25%. Electronspray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS, positive mode) analyses identified 13 different byproducts and we hypothised a degradration pathway for IBP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cerrato
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dip. Chimica & NIS Interdept. Centre, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; INSTM - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la scienza e tecnologia dei Materiali, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - C L Bianchi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; INSTM - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la scienza e tecnologia dei Materiali, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - F Galli
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; INSTM - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la scienza e tecnologia dei Materiali, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - C Pirola
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; INSTM - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la scienza e tecnologia dei Materiali, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - S Morandi
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dip. Chimica & NIS Interdept. Centre, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; INSTM - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la scienza e tecnologia dei Materiali, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - V Capucci
- GranitiFiandre SpA, 41042 Fiorano M.se, Italy
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25
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Xu YQ, Liu SS, Fan Y, Li K. Toxicological interaction of multi-component mixtures to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 induced by at least three components. Sci Total Environ 2018; 635:432-442. [PMID: 29677669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been stated by researchers that the antibiotic polymyxin B sulfate (POL) is a key component inducing time-dependent antagonism in freshwater luminescent bacteria, Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67, exposed in the ternary mixture system of the ionic liquids, pesticide and antibiotics. However, the previous statement is limited to ternary and quaternary mixtures without considering situations such as the binary system. In order to prove the direct inducing of antagonism by POL in a more complete and systematic way, two categories of experiments (adding POL in non-antagonistic ternary system and decomposing antagonistic ternary system with POL into the binary system) have been conducted in this paper. The results showed that quaternary mixture systems (adding POL to non-antagonism ternary mixture, up verification) exhibit antagonistic action in a majority of rays, at some point in the experiment. However, by decomposing the antagonistic ternary mixtures with POL into binary mixtures (down verification), the combined toxicities of binary mixtures at all time points in the experiment are additive. Obviously, the POL has a significant contribution to antagonism only in the ternary and quaternary mixtures, but not in the binary mixtures. We can draw a new conclusion that the antagonism of the multi-component mixtures is induced by at least three components (including POL), with complex chemical interactions. Therefore, considering POL's influence of antagonism as an example, future environmental protection practitioners and academic researchers should construct more scenarios of mixtures when assessing the influences and reactions of certain chemicals causing pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ye Fan
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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26
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Vasiliadou IA, Molina R, Martinez F, Melero JA, Stathopoulou PM, Tsiamis G. Toxicity assessment of pharmaceutical compounds on mixed culture from activated sludge using respirometric technique: The role of microbial community structure. Sci Total Environ 2018; 630:809-819. [PMID: 29494982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants of emerging concern such as pharmaceuticals can significantly affect the performance of secondary biological processes in wastewater treatment plants. The present study is aimed to evaluate the toxicity and inhibition of three pharmaceutical compounds (caffeine, sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine) on two cultures of microbial consortia enriched from wastewater aerobic activated sludge. One of them was acclimated to pharmaceuticals and the other was non-acclimated as control bioassay. The toxic and inhibitory effects on these cultures were assessed by respirometric tests through the oxygen uptake rate as an indicator of their capacity to degrade a readily available carbon source. Higher values of toxicity and inhibition of pharmaceutical compounds were observed for the control culture as compared to the acclimated one. Sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine exhibited higher toxicity and inhibition effects than caffeine in both acclimated and control cultures. The microbial diversity of the two cultures was also studied. The composition of microbial community of acclimated and control cultures, was determined by targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. It was observed that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum, with Gammaproteobacteria dominating both cultures. Control culture was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria and mostly by the genera Pseudomonas and Sodalis, which belong to common families present in wastewater. Results suggested that the acclimated culture to the three pharmaceuticals was mostly comprised of the extremely multiresistant genera Escherichia-Shigella (38%) of Gammaproteobacteria, resulting to higher resistance as compared to the control culture (Escherichia-Shigella, 7%). Finally, the microbial structure of the microorganisms present in a real bioreactor, which was initially seeded with the acclimated culture and fed in a continuous mode with the selected pharmaceuticals, was also analyzed. The continuous loading of pharmaceuticals in the bioreactor affected its microbial diversity, leading to the dominance of Betaproteobacteria and to the resistant genus Rhizobium of Alphaproteobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Vasiliadou
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology (ESCET), Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - R Molina
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology (ESCET), Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Martinez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology (ESCET), Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Melero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology (ESCET), Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - P M Stathopoulou
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - G Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
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27
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Wang L, Liu Y, Wang C, Zhao X, Mahadeva GD, Wu Y, Ma J, Zhao F. Anoxic biodegradation of triclosan and the removal of its antimicrobial effect in microbial fuel cells. J Hazard Mater 2018; 344:669-678. [PMID: 29154092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an emerging organic contaminant in the environment. Here, the anoxic bio-degradation of TCS in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was explored. It was found that anoxic biodegradation of TCS could be achieved in MFC, and the removal rate of TCS was accelerated after reactor acclimation. After 7 months of operation, 10mg/L TCS could be removed within 8days in MFCs. Fluorescence microscopy results revealed that the microbe cells in the reactors were intact, and the microbes were in active state. Flow cytometry test showed that the proliferation of inoculated microbe was higher in MFC effluent than that in TCS solution. These data indicate that the biotoxicity of TCS has been largely eliminated after the treatment. The microbial community shift during the TCS degradation process was investigated as well. Species such as Geothrix, Corynebacterium, Sulfobacillus, GOUTA19, Geobacter, Acidithiobacillus and Acinetobacter, which were capable for the degradation of benzene-related and dechlorination of chlorine-containing chemicals, were flourished in the electrode biofilm. They may participate in the biodegradation of TCS. This work provides a new perspective for the anoxic biodegradation of recalcitrant organics, and can be useful for the in-situ bioremediation of environmental pollutants with the removal of their biotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yulei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Gurumurthy Dummi Mahadeva
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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28
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Li Y, Li C, Qin H, Yang M, Ye J, Long Y, Ou H. Proteome and phospholipid alteration reveal metabolic network of Bacillus thuringiensis under triclosan stress. Sci Total Environ 2018; 615:508-516. [PMID: 28988086 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan is a common antibacterial agent widely applied in various household and personal care products. The molecule, cell, organ and organism-level understanding of its toxicity pose to some target organisms has been investigated, whereas, the alteration of a single metabolic reaction, gene or protein cannot reflect the impact of triclosan on metabolic network. To clarify the interaction between triclosan stress and metabolism at network and system levels, phospholipid synthesis, and cellular proteome and metabolism of Bacillus thuringiensis under 1μM of triclosan stress were investigated through omics approaches. The results showed that C14:0, C16:1ω7, C16:0 and C18:2ω6 were significantly up-produced, and 19 proteins were differentially expressed. Whereas, energy supply, protein repair and the synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein were down-regulated. PyrH and Eno could be biomarkers to reflect triclosan stress. At network level, the target proteins ACOX1, AHR, CAR, CYP1A, CYP1B1, DNMT1, ENO, HSP60, HSP70, SLC5A5, TPO and UGT expressed in different species shared high sequence homology with the same function proteins found in Homo sapiens not only validated their role as biomarkers but also implied the potential impact of triclosan on the metabolic pathways and network of humans. These findings provided novel insights into the metabolic influence of triclosan at network levels, and developed an omics approach to evaluate the safety of target compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chongshu Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huaming Qin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinshao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Walnut Creek 94598, CA, USA.
| | - Yan Long
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huase Ou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health of Guangdong Province, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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