1
|
Shi X, Hu Z, Bai S, Zong C, Xue H, Li Y, Li F, Chen L, Xuan J, Xia Y, Wei L, Shen F, Wang K. YBX1 promotes stemness and cisplatin insensitivity in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via the AKT/β-catenin axis. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3689. [PMID: 38676365 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis and closely linked to tumor stemness. However, the key molecules that regulate ICC stemness remain elusive. Although Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) negatively affects prognosis in various cancers by enhancing stemness and chemoresistance, its effect on stemness and cisplatin sensitivity in ICC remains unclear. METHODS Three bulk and single-cell RNA-seq datasets were analyzed to investigate YBX1 expression in ICC and its association with stemness. Clinical samples and colony/sphere formation assays validated the role of YBX1 in stemness and sensitivity to cisplatin. AZD5363 and KYA1979K explored the interaction of YBX1 with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) and WNT/β-catenin pathways. RESULTS YBX1 was significantly upregulated in ICC, correlated with worse overall survival and shorter postoperative recurrence time, and was higher in chemotherapy-non-responsive ICC tissues. The YBX1-high group exhibited significantly elevated stemness scores, and genes linked to YBX1 upregulation were enriched in multiple stemness-related pathways. Moreover, YBX1 expression is significantly correlated with several stemness-related genes (SOX9, OCT4, CD133, CD44 and EPCAM). Additionally, YBX1 overexpression significantly enhanced the colony- and spheroid-forming abilities of ICC cells, accelerated tumor growth in vivo and reduced their sensitivity to cisplatin. Conversely, the downregulation of YBX1 exerted the opposite effect. The transcriptomic analysis highlighted the link between YBX1 and the PI3K/AKT and WNT/β-catenin pathways. Further, AZD5363 and KYA1979K were used to clarify that YBX1 promoted ICC stemness through the regulation of the AKT/β-catenin axis. CONCLUSIONS YBX1 is upregulated in ICC and promotes stemness and cisplatin insensitivity via the AKT/β-catenin axis. Our study describes a novel potential therapeutic target for improving ICC prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiliang Hu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilei Bai
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zong
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengwei Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangrui Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbing Xuan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery II, the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Andraus W, Tustumi F, Santana AC, Pinheiro RSN, Waisberg DR, Lopes LD, Arantes RM, Santos VR, de Martino RB, D'Albuquerque LAC. Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A critical review. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:139-145. [PMID: 38310060 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (phCCC) is a dismal malignancy. There is no consensus regarding the best treatment for patients with unresectable phCCC. The present review aimed to gather the current pieces of evidence for liver transplantation and liver resection as a treatment for phCCC and to build better guidance for clinical practice. DATA SOURCES The search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and LILACS. The related references were searched manually. Inclusion criteria were: reports in English or Portuguese literature that a) patients with confirmed diagnosis of phCCC; b) patients treated with a curative intent; c) patients with the outcomes of liver resection and liver transplantation. Case reports, reviews, letters, editorials, conference abstracts and papers with full-text unavailability were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS Most of the current literature is based on observational retrospective studies with low grades of evidence. Liver resection has better long-term outcomes than systemic chemotherapy or palliation therapy and liver transplantation is a good alternative for selected patients with unresectable phCCC. All candidates for resection or transplantation should be medically fit and free of intrahepatic or extrahepatic diseases. As a general rule, patients presenting with a tumor having a longitudinal size > 3 cm or extending below the cystic duct, lymph node disease, confirmed extrahepatic dissemination; intraoperatively diagnosed metastatic disease; a history of other malignancies within the last five years, and did not complete chemoradiation regimen and were medically unfit should not be considered for transplantation. Some of these criteria should be individually assessed. Liver transplantation or resection should only be considered in highly experienced hepatobiliary centers, and any decision-making must be based on a multidisciplinary evaluation. CONCLUSIONS phCCC is a complex condition with high morbidity. Surgical therapies, including hepatectomy and liver transplantation, are the best option for better long-term disease-free survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Andraus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Tustumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Chagas Santana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Reis Waisberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Liliana Ducatti Lopes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubens Macedo Arantes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Rocha Santos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gellert-Kristensen H, Bojesen SE, Tybjærg Hansen A, Stender S. Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma in 63,272 individuals from the general population. Hepatology 2024; 79:857-868. [PMID: 37732945 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inherited short telomeres are associated with a risk of liver disease, whereas longer telomeres predispose to cancer. The association between telomere length and risk of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS We measured leukocyte telomere length using multiplex PCR in 63,272 individuals from the Danish general population. Telomere length and plasma ALT concentration were not associated (β = 4 ×10 -6 , p -value = 0.06) in a linear regression model, without any signs of a nonlinear relationship. We tested the association between telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma using Cox regression. During a median follow-up of 11 years, 241, 76, and 112 individuals developed cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma, respectively. Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis were inversely and linearly associated ( p -value = 0.004, p for nonlinearity = 0.27). Individuals with telomeres in the shortest vs. longest quartile had a 2.25-fold higher risk of cirrhosis. Telomere length and risk of HCC were nonlinearly associated ( p -value = 0.009, p -value for nonlinearity = 0.01). This relationship resembled an inverted J-shape, with the highest risk observed in individuals with short telomeres. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 2.29-fold higher risk of HCC. Telomere length was inversely and linearly associated with the risk of cholangiocarcinoma. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 1.86-fold higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Shorter telomere length is associated with a higher risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helene Gellert-Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | - Anne Tybjærg Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan Stender
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheung D, Stucky CC, Fong ZV. The rise of biliary tract cancers and next-generation population registries. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38504511 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of biliary tract cancer in Ontario, Canada, is rising, highlighting the urgency of clinical trial enrollment to move the needle in cancer‐specific outcomes. The integration of natural language processing and population registries demonstrate the immense potential of future generation registries in allowing us to more accurately discern population‐level data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dillon Cheung
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Chee-Chee Stucky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhi Ven Fong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dar FS, Abbas Z, Ahmed I, Atique M, Aujla UI, Azeemuddin M, Aziz Z, Bhatti ABH, Bangash TA, Butt AS, Butt OT, Dogar AW, Farooqi JI, Hanif F, Haider J, Haider S, Hassan SM, Jabbar AA, Khan AN, Khan MS, Khan MY, Latif A, Luck NH, Malik AK, Rashid K, Rashid S, Salih M, Saeed A, Salamat A, Tayyab GUN, Yusuf A, Zia HH, Naveed A. National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1018-1042. [PMID: 38577184 PMCID: PMC10989497 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i9.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26, 2023, at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre (PKLI & RC) after initial consultations with the experts. The Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases (PSSLD) and PKLI & RC jointly organised this meeting. This effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (hCCA). The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these patients. This coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective palliation. The diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Brush cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for diagnosis. However, histopathologic confirmation is not always required before resection. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for staging. The only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette classification. Selected patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver transplantation. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of recurrence. The use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary discussions. Patients with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary drainage. Palliative chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Saud Dar
- Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplant, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zaigham Abbas
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation, Dr. Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi 75600, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ahmed
- Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplant, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen B24 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Atique
- Department of Pathology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Usman Iqbal Aujla
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Zeba Aziz
- Department of Oncology, Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti
- Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ali Bangash
- Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplant, Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Subhan Butt
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Osama Tariq Butt
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahab Dogar
- Department of Liver Transplant, Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences, Gambat 66020, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal Farooqi
- Department of Medicine & Gastroenterology, Lifecare Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Hanif
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary & Liver Transplant, Bahria International Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Jahanzaib Haider
- Department of Surgery, Hepatopancreatobiliary & Liver Transplant, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Siraj Haider
- Department of Surgery, Hepatopancreatobiliary & Liver Transplant, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Mujahid Hassan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences, Gambat 66020, Pakistan
| | | | - Aman Nawaz Khan
- Department of Radiology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Khan
- Army Liver Transplant Unit, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khan
- Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplant, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amer Latif
- Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplant, Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Hassan Luck
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi 75500, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Karim Malik
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Rashid
- Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic, Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Rashid
- Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplant, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Salih
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Saeed
- Department of Radiology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Salamat
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital, Rawalpindi 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aasim Yusuf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Haider Zia
- Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Naveed
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
O'Rourke CJ, Salati M, Rae C, Carpino G, Leslie H, Pea A, Prete MG, Bonetti LR, Amato F, Montal R, Upstill-Goddard R, Nixon C, Sanchon-Sanchez P, Kunderfranco P, Sia D, Gaudio E, Overi D, Cascinu S, Hogdall D, Pugh S, Domingo E, Primrose JN, Bridgewater J, Spallanzani A, Gelsomino F, Llovet JM, Calvisi DF, Boulter L, Caputo F, Lleo A, Jamieson NB, Luppi G, Dominici M, Andersen JB, Braconi C. Molecular portraits of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who diverge as rapid progressors or long survivors on chemotherapy. Gut 2024; 73:496-508. [PMID: 37758326 PMCID: PMC10894814 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cytotoxic agents are the cornerstone of treatment for patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), despite heterogeneous benefit. We hypothesised that the pretreatment molecular profiles of diagnostic biopsies can predict patient benefit from chemotherapy and define molecular bases of innate chemoresistance. DESIGN We identified a cohort of advanced iCCA patients with comparable baseline characteristics who diverged as extreme outliers on chemotherapy (survival <6 m in rapid progressors, RP; survival >23 m in long survivors, LS). Diagnostic biopsies were characterised by digital pathology, then subjected to whole-transcriptome profiling of bulk and geospatially macrodissected tissue regions. Spatial transcriptomics of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells was performed using targeted digital spatial profiling (GeoMx). Transcriptome signatures were evaluated in multiple cohorts of resected cancers. Signatures were also characterised using in vitro cell lines, in vivo mouse models and single cell RNA-sequencing data. RESULTS Pretreatment transcriptome profiles differentiated patients who would become RPs or LSs on chemotherapy. Biologically, this signature originated from altered tumour-myeloid dynamics, implicating tumour-induced immune tolerogenicity with poor response to chemotherapy. The central role of the liver microenviroment was confrmed by the association of the RPLS transcriptome signature with clinical outcome in iCCA but not extrahepatic CCA, and in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer, but not in the matched primary bowel tumours. CONCLUSIONS The RPLS signature could be a novel metric of chemotherapy outcome in iCCA. Further development and validation of this transcriptomic signature is warranted to develop precision chemotherapy strategies in these settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colm J O'Rourke
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Massimiliano Salati
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Colin Rae
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Holly Leslie
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antonio Pea
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maria G Prete
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Luca R Bonetti
- Division of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Amato
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert Montal
- Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Cancer Research Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Daniela Sia
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, BCLC Group, Liver Unit and Pathology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Diletta Overi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Dan Hogdall
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sian Pugh
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Enric Domingo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Andrea Spallanzani
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Gelsomino
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg Faculty of Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
- Medical, Surgical, and Clinical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC HGU, The University of Edinburgh MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- CRUK Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
| | - Francesco Caputo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gabriele Luppi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chiara Braconi
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu Z, Bai X, Zhou R, Ruan G, Guo M, Han W, Jiang S, Yang H. Differences in the incidence and mortality of digestive cancer between Global Cancer Observatory 2020 and Global Burden of Disease 2019. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:615-625. [PMID: 37750191 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The burden of digestive cancers is increasing worldwide. The Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020 and the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 are two primary cancer databases, which have a significant impact on policy formulation and resource allocation. We aim to compare the incidence and mortality of digestive cancers between them. Digestive cancer (esophageal, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder and pancreatic cancer) incidence was obtained from the Cancer Today and GBD 2019 result tool. The top five countries with the most or minor difference between GLOBOCAN 2020 and GBD 2019 in age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of digestive cancers were identified. A systematic search on the incidence of specific digestive cancer in selected countries from PubMed and Embase was conducted, and 20 of 281 publications were included. The most significant differences in digestive cancers incidence were commonly found in Asian countries (70%), particularly Indonesia, Vietnam and Myanmar, located in Southeast Asia. The ASIRs for most digestive cancers, except liver cancer, in GLOBOCAN 2020 were higher than those in GBD 2019. Gallbladder cancer had the highest average ratio, followed by liver cancer. The most commonly used standard population was Segi's standard population, followed by the World Health Organization standard population. The data sources nor the processing methods of GLOBOCAN 2020 and GBD 2019 were not similar. Low- and middle-income countries without population-based cancer registries were more likely to have selection bias in data collection and amplify regional variations of etiological factors. Better judgments on the quality of cancer data can be made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyin Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Runing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gechong Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi WJ, Roberts S, Verma A, Razak F, O'Kane GM, Gallinger S, Hirschfield G, Hansen B, Sapisochin G. Characterizing the burden of biliary tract cancers across 28 hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38361443 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of biliary tract cancers (BTC) appears to be increasing worldwide. We analyzed the characteristics of BTC-related hospitalizations under medical services across 28 hospitals in Ontario, Canada. METHODS This study uses data collected by GEMINI, a hospital research data network. BTC-related hospitalizations from 2015 to 2021 under the Department of Medicine or intensive care unit were captured using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, codes for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancers. RESULTS A total of 4596 BTC-related hospitalizations (2720 iCCA, 1269 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 607 gallbladder cancers) were analyzed. The number of unique patients with BTC-related hospitalizations increased over time. For iCCA-related hospitalizations, the total number of hospitalizations increased (from 385 in 2016 to 420 in 2021, p = .005), the hospital length of stay decreased over the study period (mean 10 days [SD, 12] in 2016 to 9 days [SD, 8] in 2021, p = .04), and the number of in-hospital deaths was stable (from 68 [18%] in 2016 to 55 [13%] in 2021, p = .62). Other outcomes such as 30-day readmissions, medical imaging tests, intensive care unit-specific hospitalizations, and length of stay were stable over time for all cohorts. The cost of hospitalization for the BTC cohort increased from median $8203 CAD (interquartile range, 5063-15,543) in 2017 to $8507 CAD (interquartile range, 5345-14,755) in 2021. CONCLUSIONS This real-world data analysis showed a rising number of patients with BTC-related hospitalizations and rising number of iCCA-related hospitalizations across 28 hospitals in Ontario between 2015 and 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jin Choi
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Surain Roberts
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amol Verma
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fahad Razak
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grainne M O'Kane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, HPB Surgical Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gideon Hirschfield
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bettina Hansen
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, HPB Surgical Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bednarsch J, Lang SA, Heise D, Strnad P, Neumann UP, Ulmer TF. Laparoscopic Living donor liver transplantation in irresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis associated liver cirrhosis. Z Gastroenterol 2024; 62:50-55. [PMID: 38195108 DOI: 10.1055/a-2221-6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is the second most common primary liver tumor and usually associated with a poor oncological prognosis. The current gold standard is the surgical resection of the tumor with subsequent adjuvant therapy. However, in case of irresectability e.g. in case of liver cirrhosis, a palliative treatment regime is conducted.This report demonstrates the case of an irresectable iCCA in liver cirrhosis due to primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) treated by living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) facilitated by minimal invasive donor hepatectomy. No postoperative complications were observed in the donor and the donor was released on the 6th postoperative day. Further, after a follow-up of 1.5 years, no disease recurrence was detected in the recipient.According to the recent international literature, liver transplantation can be evaluated in case of small solitary iCCA (< 3 cm) in cirrhosis. Less evidence is provided for transplantation in advanced tumors which are surgically not resectable due to advanced liver disease or infiltration of major vessels, however some reports display adequate long-term survival after strict patient selection. The selection criteria comprise the absence of distant metastases and locoregional lymph node metastases as well as partial remission or stable disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Due to no established graft allocation for iCCA in Germany, LDLT is currently the best option to realize transplantation in these patients. Developments in the last decade indicate that LDLT should preferentially be performed in minimal invasive manner (laparoscopic or robotic) as this approach is associated with less overall complications and a shorter hospitalization. The presented case illustrates the possibilities of modern surgery and the introduction of transplant oncology in the modern therapy of patients combining systemic therapy, surgical resection and transplantation to achieve optimal long-term results in patients which were initially indicated for palliative treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bednarsch
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven A Lang
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Heise
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulf P Neumann
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tom F Ulmer
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wheless M, Agarwal R, Goff L, Lockney N, Padmanabhan C, Heumann T. Current Standards, Multidisciplinary Approaches, and Future Directions in the Management of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:127-160. [PMID: 38177560 PMCID: PMC10824875 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Biliary tract cancers are molecularly and anatomically diverse cancers which include intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic (perihilar and distal) cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer. While recognized as distinct entities, the rarer incidence of these cancers combined with diagnostic challenges in classifying anatomic origin has resulted in clinical trials and guideline recommended strategies being generalized patients with all types of biliary tract cancer. In this review, we delve into the unique aspects, subtype-specific clinical trial outcomes, and multidisciplinary management of patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. When resectable, definitive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (sometimes with selective radiation/chemoradiation) is current standard of care. Due to high recurrence rates, there is growing interest in the use of upfront/neoadjuvant therapy to improve surgical outcomes and to downstage patients who may not initially be resectable. Select patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma are being successfully treated with novel approaches such as liver transplant. In the advanced disease setting, combination gemcitabine and cisplatin remains the standard base for systemic therapy and was recently improved upon with the addition of immune checkpoint blockade to the chemotherapy doublet in the recently reported TOPAZ-1 and KEYNOTE-966 trials. Second-line all-comer treatments for these patients remain limited in both options and efficacy, so clinical trial participation should be strongly considered. With increased use of molecular testing, detection of actionable mutations and opportunities to receive indicated targeted therapies are on the rise and are the most significant driver of improved survival for patients with advanced stage disease. Though these targeted therapies are currently reserved for the second or later line, future trials are looking at moving these to earlier treatment settings and use in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In addition to cross-disciplinary management with surgical, medical, and radiation oncology, patient-centered care should also include collaboration with advanced endoscopists, palliative care specialists, and nutritionists to improve global patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Wheless
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Preston Research Building Suite 798, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Rajiv Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Preston Research Building Suite 798, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Laura Goff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Preston Research Building Suite 798, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Natalie Lockney
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Chandrasekhar Padmanabhan
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology & Endocrine Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thatcher Heumann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Preston Research Building Suite 798, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ortiz-Rivero S, Peleteiro-Vigil A, Abete L, Lozano E, Hammer HS, Giacomo SD, Abad M, Boix L, Forner A, Reig M, Macias RIR, Pötz O, Marin JJG, Briz O. Sensitization of cholangiocarcinoma cells to chemotherapy through BCRP inhibition with β-caryophyllene oxide. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116038. [PMID: 38141281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are cancers originated in the biliary tree, which are characterized by their high mortality and marked chemoresistance, partly due to the activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) export pumps, whose inhibition has been proposed as a strategy for enhancing the response to chemotherapy. We have previously shown that β-caryophyllene oxide (CRYO) acts as a chemosensitizer in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting ABCB1, MRP1, and MRP2. Here, we have evaluated the usefulness of CRYO in inhibiting BCRP and improving the response of CCA to antitumor drugs. The TCGA-CHOL cohort (n = 36) was used for in silico analysis. BCRP expression (mRNA and protein) was assayed in samples from intrahepatic (iCCA) and extrahepatic (eCCA) tumors (n = 50) and CCA-derived cells (EGI-1 and TFK-1). In these cells, BCRP-dependent mitoxantrone transport was determined by flow cytometry. At non-toxic concentrations, CRYO inhibited BCRP function, which enhanced the cytostatic effect of drugs used in the treatment of CCA. The BCRP ability to confer resistance to a panel of antitumor drugs was determined in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with stable BCRP expression. At non-toxic concentrations, CRYO markedly reduced BCRP-induced resistance to known substrate drugs (mitoxantrone and SN-38) and cisplatin, gemcitabine, sorafenib, and 5-FU but not oxaliplatin. Neither CRYO nor cisplatin alone significantly affected the growth of BCRP-expressing tumors subcutaneously implanted in immunodeficient mice. In contrast, intratumor drug content was enhanced when administered together, and tumor growth was inhibited. In sum, the combined treatment of drugs exported by BCRP with CRYO can improve the response to chemotherapy in CCA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ortiz-Rivero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Peleteiro-Vigil
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Lozano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Mar Abad
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Forner
- Liver Oncology Unit, Liver Unit, ICMDM, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Reig
- Liver Oncology Unit, Liver Unit, ICMDM, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Pötz
- SIGNATOPE GmbH, Reutlingen, Germany; NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tuebinegn, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Andraus W, Tustumi F, de Meira Junior JD, Pinheiro RSN, Waisberg DR, Lopes LD, Arantes RM, Rocha Santos V, de Martino RB, Carneiro D’Albuquerque LA. Molecular Profile of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:461. [PMID: 38203635 PMCID: PMC10778975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively uncommon but highly aggressive primary liver cancer that originates within the liver. The aim of this study is to review the molecular profile of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its implications for prognostication and decision-making. This comprehensive characterization of ICC tumors sheds light on the disease's underlying biology and offers a foundation for more personalized treatment strategies. This is a narrative review of the prognostic and therapeutic role of the molecular profile of ICC. Knowing the molecular profile of tumors helps determine prognosis and support certain target therapies. The molecular panel in ICC helps to select patients for specific therapies, predict treatment responses, and monitor treatment responses. Precision medicine in ICC can promote improvement in prognosis and reduce unnecessary toxicity and might have a significant role in the management of ICC in the following years. The main mutations in ICC are in tumor protein p53 (TP53), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), and AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A). The rate of mutations varies significantly for each population. Targeting TP53 and KRAS is challenging due to the natural characteristics of these genes. Different stages of clinical studies have shown encouraging results with inhibitors of mutated IDH1 and target therapy for ARID1A downstream effectors. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusions are an important target in patients with ICC. Immune checkpoint blockade can be applied to a small percentage of ICC patients. Molecular profiling in ICC represents a groundbreaking approach to understanding and managing this complex liver cancer. As our comprehension of ICC's molecular intricacies continues to expand, so does the potential for offering patients more precise and effective treatments. The integration of molecular profiling into clinical practice signifies the dawn of a new era in ICC care, emphasizing personalized medicine in the ongoing battle against this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Tustumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Transplantation Unit, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jose S, Zalin-Miller A, Knott C, Paley L, Tataru D, Morement H, Toledano MB, Khan SA. Cohort study to assess geographical variation in cholangiocarcinoma treatment in England. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:2077-2092. [PMID: 38173436 PMCID: PMC10758644 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i12.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outcomes for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are extremely poor owing to the complexities in diagnosing and managing a rare disease with heterogenous sub-types. Beyond curative surgery, which is only an option for a minority of patients diagnosed at an early stage, few systemic therapy options are currently recommended to relieve symptoms and prolong life. Stent insertion to manage disease complications requires highly specialised expertise. Evidence is lacking as to how CCA patients are managed in a real-world setting and whether there is any variation in treatments received by CCA patients. AIM To assess geographic variation in treatments received amongst CCA patients in England. METHODS Data used in this cohort study were drawn from the National Cancer Registration Dataset (NCRD), Hospital Episode Statistics and the Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy Dataset. A cohort of 8853 CCA patients diagnosed between 2014-2017 in the National Health Service in England was identified from the NCRD. Potentially curative surgery for all patients and systemic therapy and stent insertion for 7751 individuals who did not receive surgery were identified as three end-points of interest. Linear probability models assessed variation in each of the three treatment modalities according to Cancer Alliance of residence at diagnosis, and for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics at diagnosis. RESULTS Of 8853 CCA patients, 1102 (12.4%) received potentially curative surgery. The mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] percentage-point difference from the population average ranged from -3.96 (-6.34 to -1.59)% to 3.77 (0.54 to 6.99)% across Cancer Alliances in England after adjustment for patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, showing statistically significant variation. Amongst 7751 who did not receive surgery, 1542 (19.9%) received systemic therapy, with mean [95%CI] percentage-point difference from the population average between -3.84 (-8.04 to 0.35)% to 9.28 (1.76 to 16.80)% across Cancer Alliances after adjustment, again showing the presence of statistically significant variation for some regions. Stent insertion was received by 2156 (27.8%), with mean [95%CI] percentage-point difference from the population average between -10.54 (-12.88 to -8.20)% to 13.64 (9.22 to 18.06)% across Cancer Alliances after adjustment, showing wide and statistically significant variation from the population average. Half of 8853 patients (n = 4468) received no treatment with either surgery, systemic therapy or stent insertion. CONCLUSION Substantial regional variation in treatments received by CCA patients was observed in England. Such variation could be due to differences in case-mix, clinical practice or access to specialist expertise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jose
- Health Data Analysis, Health Data Insight CIC, Cambridge CB21 5XE, United Kingdom
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Zalin-Miller
- Health Data Analysis, Health Data Insight CIC, Cambridge CB21 5XE, United Kingdom
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Knott
- Health Data Analysis, Health Data Insight CIC, Cambridge CB21 5XE, United Kingdom
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Lizz Paley
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Tataru
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Morement
- Department of Executive, AMMF-The Cholangiocarcinoma Charity, Essex CM24 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Mireille B Toledano
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
- Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Shahid A Khan
- Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rushbrook SM, Kendall TJ, Zen Y, Albazaz R, Manoharan P, Pereira SP, Sturgess R, Davidson BR, Malik HZ, Manas D, Heaton N, Prasad KR, Bridgewater J, Valle JW, Goody R, Hawkins M, Prentice W, Morement H, Walmsley M, Khan SA. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma. Gut 2023; 73:16-46. [PMID: 37770126 PMCID: PMC10715509 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
These guidelines for the diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) were commissioned by the British Society of Gastroenterology liver section. The guideline writing committee included a multidisciplinary team of experts from various specialties involved in the management of CCA, as well as patient/public representatives from AMMF (the Cholangiocarcinoma Charity) and PSC Support. Quality of evidence is presented using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) format. The recommendations arising are to be used as guidance rather than as a strict protocol-based reference, as the management of patients with CCA is often complex and always requires individual patient-centred considerations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Rushbrook
- Department of Hepatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Timothy James Kendall
- Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- University of Edinburgh MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yoh Zen
- Department of Pathology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Raneem Albazaz
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Richard Sturgess
- Digestive Diseases Unit, Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian R Davidson
- Department of Surgery, Royal Free Campus, UCL Medical School, London, UK
| | - Hassan Z Malik
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK
| | - Derek Manas
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - Nigel Heaton
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Raj Prasad
- John Goligher Colorectal Unit, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - John Bridgewater
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Juan W Valle
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust/University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca Goody
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Maria Hawkins
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy Prentice
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Shahid A Khan
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Section, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu G, Wang Q, Wang D, Xiong F, Liu W, Chen J, Wang B, Huang W, Wang X, Chen Y. Targeting polycomb repressor complex 2-mediated bivalent promoter epigenetic silencing of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 inhibits cholangiocarcinoma progression. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1502. [PMID: 38050190 PMCID: PMC10696163 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) refers to a collection of malignancies that are associated with a dismal prognosis. Currently, surgical resection is the only way to cure patients with CCA. Available systemic therapy is limited to gemcitabine plus cisplatin; however, this treatment is palliative in nature. Therefore, there is still a need to explore new effective therapeutic targets to intervene against CCA. METHODS We analyzed the expression of EZH2 and the prognosis of patients in CCA. The proliferation, migration and invasion of CCA cells after gene knockdown and overexpression were examined and validated by a xenograft model and a primary CCA mouse model with corresponding gene intervention. Targeting DNA methylation, and RNA-sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis in EZH2 and SUZ12 knockout CCA cells was performed. Bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR), chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) and reverse-ChIP assays were performed for research purposes. RESULTS Increased expression of EZH2 in CCA exhibited a significantly poorer prognosis. DNA hypomethylation of the promoter and increased mRNA levels of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) were observed in CCA cells following the inhibition of polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2), which was achieved through a knockout of EZH2, SUZ12 and EED, respectively, or treatment with GSK126 and GSK343. Targeting the SFRP1 promoter DNA hypermethylation with dCas9-DNMT3a decreased the mRNA level of SFRP1. The expression of SFRP1 is regulated by both H3K27me3 and DNA methylation and H3K27me3 plays a crucial role in promoting SFRP1 promotor DNA methylation. GSK343 is a small molecule inhibitor that targets the catalytic activity of EZH2. It effectively inhibits the progression and development of subcutaneous xenografts and primary CCA mouse models. CONCLUSION Overall, our data strongly suggested that targeting PRC2 promotes the expression of SFRP1, thereby inhibiting the progression of CCA. KEY POINTS/HEADLIGHTS Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) exhibits elevated expression of EZH2, SUZ12 and EED, resulting in increased levels of H3K27me3. Targeting polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2) leads to the removal of H3K27me3 from the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) promoter and DNA hypomethylation, thereby activating the transcription of SFRP1. Inhibiting PRC2, including the use of EZH2 inhibitors, holds promise as a potential strategy for developing anti-cancer drugs for CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Wu
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Liu
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Department of EmergencyTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Departement of Pediatric SurgeryWuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pascale A, Rosmorduc O, Duclos-Vallée JC. New epidemiologic trends in cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102223. [PMID: 37797807 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common biliary tract malignancy and the second most frequent primary hepatic malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma. During the past three decades, the incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has risen in Western Europe, while the incidence of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) has remained stable or fallen. The mortality rates of iCCA, which are greater than those of eCCA, showed also an increasing trend, while those of eCCA remained stable. Well-known risk factors like hepatobiliary flukes, hepatolithiasis and choledochal cysts are important in the development of iCCA particularly in Asian countries. In Western countries, the primary sclerosing cholangitis is the most common risk factor for CCA. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cirrhosis are considered to be risk factors for iCCA. Emergent risk factors such as obesity, diabetes and MAFLD are increasingly associated mostly with iCCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Pascale
- Hepato-Biliary Department, Paul Brousse Hospital, APHP, 14 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; INSERM U1193, Université Paris-Saclay, France; FHU Hepatinov, France.
| | - Olivier Rosmorduc
- Hepato-Biliary Department, Paul Brousse Hospital, APHP, 14 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; INSERM U1193, Université Paris-Saclay, France; FHU Hepatinov, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- Hepato-Biliary Department, Paul Brousse Hospital, APHP, 14 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France; INSERM U1193, Université Paris-Saclay, France; FHU Hepatinov, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang P, Wen F, Wu Q, Zhang P, Li Q. Research trends of targeted therapy for cholangiocarcinoma from 2003 to 2022: a bibliometric and visual analysis. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3981-3994. [PMID: 37273011 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past 20 years, targeted therapy for cholangiocarcinoma has attracted certain attention. There is a significant upward in papers focusing on this field. In this study, we used bibliometric and visual methods to explore the current status and future directions in cholangiocarcinoma-targeted therapy research. A total of 1057 papers published in English from 2003 to 2022 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-expanded database. Furthermore, Citespace, Vosviewer, and Excel 2016 were utilized to conduct bibliometric and visual analysis. The volume of annual publications has steadily increased over the past two decades. The USA has published the largest number of publications, and the Mayo Clinic acted as the dominant institution. Cancers, Frontiers in Oncology, and Hepatology were the prolific resources in this research field. Moreover, the co-cited reference analysis uncovered the landmark paper in this field. With regard to research hotspots and frontiers, the burst keywords analysis showed that growth factor receptors and pathogenesis might become the hot topics of future research. To sum up, our study displays the current research status and future directions in the targeted therapy for cholangiocarcinoma. More comprehensive and in-depth investigations should focus on critical genetic mutations and their molecular mechanisms to prompt the molecular-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hosp1ital, Sichuan University, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hosp1ital, Sichuan University, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - QiuJi Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hosp1ital, Sichuan University, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - PengFei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hosp1ital, Sichuan University, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hosp1ital, Sichuan University, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kawano F, Yoshioka R, Ichida H, Mise Y, Saiura A. Essential updates 2021/2022: Update in surgical strategy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2023; 7:848-855. [PMID: 37927920 PMCID: PMC10623956 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resection is the only potential curative treatment for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC); however, complete resection is often technically challenging due to the anatomical location. Various innovative approaches and procedures were invented to circumvent this limitation but the rates of postoperative morbidity (20%-78%) and mortality (2%-15%) are still high. In patients diagnosed with resectable PHC, deliberate and coordinated preoperative workup and optimization of the patient and future liver remnant are crucial. Biliary drainage is recommended to relieve obstructive jaundice and optimize the clinical condition before liver resection. Biliary drainage for PHC can be performed either by endoscopic biliary drainage or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. To date there is no consensus about which method is preferred. The volumetric assessment of the future remnant liver volume and optimization mainly using portal vein embolization is the gold standard in the management of the risk to develop post hepatectomy liver failure. The improvement of systemic chemotherapy has contributed to prolong the survival not only in patients with unresectable PHC but also in patients undergoing curative surgery. In this article, we review the literature and discuss the current surgical treatment of PHC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Kawano
- Department of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineHongo, TokyoJapan
| | - Ryuji Yoshioka
- Department of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineHongo, TokyoJapan
| | - Hirofumi Ichida
- Department of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineHongo, TokyoJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Mise
- Department of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineHongo, TokyoJapan
| | - Akio Saiura
- Department of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineHongo, TokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Trifylli EM, Kriebardis AG, Koustas E, Papadopoulos N, Vasileiadi S, Fortis SP, Tzounakas VL, Anastasiadi AT, Sarantis P, Papageorgiou EG, Tsagarakis A, Aloizos G, Manolakopoulos S, Deutsch M. The Arising Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cholangiocarcinoma: A Rundown of the Current Knowledge Regarding Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15563. [PMID: 37958547 PMCID: PMC10649642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of highly malignant epithelial tumors arising from the biliary tree. This cluster of malignant tumors includes three distinct entities, the intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal CCAs, which are characterized by different epidemiological and molecular backgrounds, as well as prognosis and therapeutic approaches. The higher incidence of CCA over the last decades, the late diagnostic time that contributes to a high mortality and poor prognosis, as well as its chemoresistance, intensified the efforts of the scientific community for the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise highly heterogenic, multi-sized, membrane-enclosed nanostructures that are secreted by a large variety of cells via different routes of biogenesis. Their role in intercellular communication via their cargo that potentially contributes to disease development and progression, as well as their prospect as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools, has become the focus of interest of several current studies for several diseases, including CCA. The aim of this review is to give a rundown of the current knowledge regarding the emerging role of EVs in cholangiocarcinogenesis and their future perspectives as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Anastasios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Evangelos Koustas
- Oncology Department, General Hospital Evangelismos, 10676 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, 401 General Military Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sofia Vasileiadi
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Sotirios P. Fortis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Vassilis L. Tzounakas
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (V.L.T.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Alkmini T. Anastasiadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (V.L.T.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Effie G. Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Ariadne Tsagarakis
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Georgios Aloizos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Spilios Manolakopoulos
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Melanie Deutsch
- 2nd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Str., 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.V.); (S.M.); (M.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qurashi M, Vithayathil M, Khan SA. Epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2023:107064. [PMID: 37709624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) represents a heterogenous set of malignancies arising from the biliary tract. Classification of CCA subdivides tumours into intrahepatic (iCCA) and extrahepatic (eCCA), with eCCA further categorised as perihilar (pCCA) and distal (dCCA) lesions. Tumour subtypes show distinct epidemiological, genetic and clinical characteristics. Global incidence and mortality are rising, with the highest rates seen in Asian populations compared to the West. There has been a divergence in recent mortality trends observed between CCA subtypes, with rising rates of iCCA seen compared with eCCA. There are several drivers for these differing trends, including specific risk factors, misclassification of CCA subtypes and variation in diagnosis and surveillance. Risk factors for CCA can be divided into hepatobiliary, extra-hepatic and environmental, with hepatobiliary diseases conferring the largest risk. Surgery represents the only curative treatment for CCA, but can only be offered to early-stage candidates who are otherwise fit; the majority of patients are therefore treated with chemotherapy and, recently, immunotherapy. Due to late-stage presentation of disease, prognosis is poor, with 5-year survival <20%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Qurashi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Shahid A Khan
- Liver Unit, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Martinez Lyons A, Boulter L. NOTCH signalling - a core regulator of bile duct disease? Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050231. [PMID: 37605966 PMCID: PMC10461466 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signalling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of cell-cell communication that mediates cellular proliferation, fate determination and maintenance of stem/progenitor cell populations across tissues. Although it was originally identified as a critical regulator of embryonic liver development, NOTCH signalling activation has been associated with the pathogenesis of a number of paediatric and adult liver diseases. It remains unclear, however, what role NOTCH actually plays in these pathophysiological processes and whether NOTCH activity represents the reactivation of a conserved developmental programme that is essential for adult tissue repair. In this Review, we explore the concepts that NOTCH signalling reactivation in the biliary epithelium is a reiterative and essential response to bile duct damage and that, in disease contexts in which biliary epithelial cells need to be regenerated, NOTCH signalling supports ductular regrowth. Furthermore, we evaluate the recent literature on NOTCH signalling as a critical factor in progenitor-mediated hepatocyte regeneration, which indicates that the mitogenic role for NOTCH signalling in biliary epithelial cell proliferation has also been co-opted to support other forms of epithelial regeneration in the adult liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- CRUK Scottish Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hamaya S, Oura K, Morishita A, Masaki T. Cisplatin in Liver Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10858. [PMID: 37446035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and is often diagnosed at an unresectable advanced stage. Systemic chemotherapy as well as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) are used to treat advanced HCC. TACE and HAIC have long been the standard of care for patients with unresectable HCC but are limited to the treatment of intrahepatic lesions. Systemic chemotherapy with doxorubicin or chemohormonal therapy with tamoxifen have also been considered, but neither has demonstrated survival benefits. In the treatment of unresectable advanced HCC, cisplatin is administered transhepatic arterially for local treatment. Subsequently, for cisplatin-refractory cases due to drug resistance, a shift to systemic therapy with a different mechanism of action is expected to produce new antitumor effects. Cisplatin is also used for the treatment of liver tumors other than HCC. This review summarizes the action and resistance mechanism of cisplatin and describes the treatment of the major hepatobiliary cancers for which cisplatin is used as an anticancer agent, with a focus on HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sae Hamaya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kyoko Oura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cerrito L, Ainora ME, Borriello R, Piccirilli G, Garcovich M, Riccardi L, Pompili M, Gasbarrini A, Zocco MA. Contrast-Enhanced Imaging in the Management of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: State of Art and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3393. [PMID: 37444503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) represents the second most common liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma, accounting for 15% of primary liver neoplasms. Its incidence and mortality rate have been rising during the last years, and total new cases are expected to increase up to 10-fold during the next two or three decades. Considering iCCA's poor prognosis and rapid spread, early diagnosis is still a crucial issue and can be very challenging due to the heterogeneity of tumor presentation at imaging exams and the need to assess a correct differential diagnosis with other liver lesions. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an irreplaceable role in the evaluation of liver masses. iCCA's most typical imaging patterns are well-described, but atypical features are not uncommon at both CT and MRI; on the other hand, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has shown a great diagnostic value, with the interesting advantage of lower costs and no renal toxicity, but there is still no agreement regarding the most accurate contrastographic patterns for iCCA detection. Besides diagnostic accuracy, all these imaging techniques play a pivotal role in the choice of the therapeutic approach and eligibility for surgery, and there is an increasing interest in the specific imaging features which can predict tumor behavior or histologic subtypes. Further prognostic information may also be provided by the extraction of quantitative data through radiomic analysis, creating prognostic multi-parametric models, including clinical and serological parameters. In this review, we aim to summarize the role of contrast-enhanced imaging in the diagnosis and management of iCCA, from the actual issues in the differential diagnosis of liver masses to the newest prognostic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cerrito
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Ainora
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Borriello
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piccirilli
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Garcovich
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Riccardi
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qin SS, Pan GQ, Meng QB, Liu JB, Tian ZY, Luan SJ. The causal relationship between metabolic factors, drinking, smoking and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1203685. [PMID: 37427123 PMCID: PMC10325926 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1203685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is the second most common primary liver cancer. While multiple risk factors for iCCA have been established, metabolic diseases (obesity, diabetes, NAFLD, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) and other risk factors, including smoking and drinking, are still controversial due to their potential confounders. Here, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to identify the causal relationship between them. Method In this study, we obtained GWAS data related to exposures from corresponding large genome-wide association studies. Summary-level statistical data for iCCA were obtained from the UK Biobank (UKB). We performed a univariable MR analysis to identify whether genetic evidence of exposure was significantly associated with iCCA risk. A multivariable MR analysis was conducted to estimate the independent effects of exposures on iCCA. Results Univariable and multivariable MR analysis based on the large GWAS data indicated that there is little evidence to support the genetic role of metabolic factors, smoking, drinking, and NAFLD in iCCA development (P >0.05). In contrast to most current studies, their impact on iCCA development, if any, might be smaller than we thought. The previous positive results might be due to the comorbidities between diseases and potentially unavoidable confounding factors. Conclusion In this MR study, we found no strong evidence to support causal associations between metabolic factors, NAFLD, smoking, drinking, and iCCA risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-shan Qin
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-qiang Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun-bo Meng
- Department of Orthopaedical Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-bo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedical Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zi-yu Tian
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shou-jing Luan
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Wei Z, Zhang Z, Xu J, Wang Y, Chen Q, Zhang Y. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with or without lenvatinib for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma: a single-center retrospective study. Hepat Oncol 2023; 10:HEP49. [PMID: 37850031 PMCID: PMC10577516 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil and leucovorin (FOLFOX) plus lenvatinib and FOLFOX-HAIC alone in patients with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma. Patients & methods Retrospective analysis of patients receiving FOLFOX-HAIC with or without lenvatinib. Results Forty-one patients were included, with 22 patients receiving HAIC alone and 19 patients receiving HAIC plus lenvatinib. Combination treatment significantly prolonged overall survival and progression-free survival compared with HAIC alone. Grade 1-2 adverse events were more frequent in the combination group but manageable. No severe AEs or treatment-related deaths were reported. Conclusion FOLFOX-HAIC plus lenvatinib has the potential to be a treatment option for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Zhanqi Wei
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Thorgene Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Yuewei Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vancanneyt J, Wilmsen B, Luyten C, Verslype C, Van Cutsem E, Roskams T, Tejpar S, Vanden Bempt I, Dekervel J. Therapeutic yield of extensive molecular profiling in cholangiocarcinoma: a retrospective single-center study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04840-w. [PMID: 37184679 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04840-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current available systemic therapies for advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are of limited effectiveness and prognosis is poor. Recently, introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies led to a better understanding of the genetic pathophysiology and, consequently, identification of molecular alterations for targeted treatment. AIM To determine the proportion of actionable alterations using extensive molecular profiling in a routine diagnostic setting and to study the effect of targeted treatment on disease control. METHODS Results of extensive molecular testing by either FoundationOne NGS or an in-house developed 96 cancer gene panel were retrospectively collected from patients with locally advanced or metastatic CCA diagnosed between 01/12/2018 and 01/08/2021 in a single center. Gene variants were classified according to ESCAT and correlated with efficacy endpoints. RESULTS Of 125 patients included, 65 patients had an intrahepatic CCA (iCCA). FGFR2 fusions and IDH1/BAP1 mutations were more frequent in iCCA, while KRAS and SMAD4 mutations were predominant in extrahepatic CCA (eCCA). Targetable alterations (ESCAT tiers I-IV) were identified in 73,6% of patients. Overall survival was significantly better for higher tiers regardless of treatment. Thirteen patients (10.4%) received targeted treatment based on molecular profiling, with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 7.3 months. CONCLUSIONS Extensive molecular characterization led to the identification of targetable and potentially targetable alterations in a significant proportion of patients with locally advanced or metastatic CCA. We confirmed the association between higher ESCAT tier and benefit of a targeted treatment. Molecular analysis should therefore be considered in all patients fit enough for systemic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Vancanneyt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Bie Wilmsen
- Department of Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Luyten
- Department of Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Verslype
- Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric Van Cutsem
- Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tania Roskams
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Vanden Bempt
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Dekervel
- Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Du H, Hou S, Zhang L, Liu C, Yu T, Zhang W. LncRNA FALEC increases the proliferation, migration and drug resistance of cholangiocarcinoma through competitive regulation of miR-20a-5p/SHOC2 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3759-3770. [PMID: 37166421 PMCID: PMC10449288 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNA is an important regulatory factor in the human genome. We aim to explore the roles of LncFALEC and miR-20a-5p/SHOC2 axis on the proliferation, migration, and Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). METHODS In this study, the expression of FALEC and miR-20a-5p in CCA tissues and cell lines (HuCCT1, QBC939, and Huh-28) was detected by RT-qPCR. The FALEC in 5-FU-resistant CCA cell lines (QBC939-R, Huh-28-R) was knocked down to evaluate its effects on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance. RESULTS Our analysis showed that compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues, FALEC was significantly higher in the CCA tissues and even higher in the samples from 5-FU-resistant patients. Knockdown FALEC increased the sensitivity of 5-FU and decreased migration and invasion of CCA cells. Dual luciferase reporter confirmed that FALEC sponges miR-20a-5p and down-regulated its expression. Moreover, SHOC2 leucine-rich repeat scaffold protein (SHOC2) was the target gene of miR-20a-5p. We found overexpression of FALEC (FALEC-OE) increased resistance of CCA cells to 5-FU significantly, which might contribute to increased SHOC2 expression and activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study revealed that down-regulation of FALEC could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CCA cells in vitro by regulating the miR-20a-5p/SHOC2 axis and participating in 5-FU resistance by mediating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Du
- The Biliopancreatic Endoscopic Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Senlin Hou
- The Biliopancreatic Endoscopic Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- The Biliopancreatic Endoscopic Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- The Biliopancreatic Endoscopic Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Biliopancreatic Endoscopic Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Calle Prado MA, Casanova Rivera MF, Vasquez Cedeño DA. Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma With Lung Metastasis in a 29-Year-Old Male Patient: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e39787. [PMID: 37398756 PMCID: PMC10313214 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an uncommon biliary neoplasm that is more frequent in male patients. CCA is categorized into intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) associated with the anatomical origin location. The clinical presentation is non-specific and varies depending on the origin, iCCA is generally asymptomatic until advanced disease is present therefore this neoplasm presents a poor prognosis with a survival rate of two years. We present a case of iCCA with lung metastasis in a 29-year-old male patient with no risk factors for this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Calle Prado
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, ECU
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Saengboonmee C, Obchoei S, Sawanyawisuth K, Wongkham S. Revision of potential prognostic markers of cholangiocarcinoma for clinical practice. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:517-530. [PMID: 37052887 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2203386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer arising from any part of the biliary system. Effective treatment of CCA remains limited, resulting in the poor overall prognosis of patients. The effective prognostic biomarkers for CCA remain lacking, and most are at the research level. AREAS COVERED The incidences of CCAs, classification, genetic and molecular characteristics, and distinct clinical outcomes in each subtype are introduced. The prognostic markers currently used in clinical practice are reviewed. Studies of biomarkers in defining the aggressiveness of CCA, identifying patients with a potential tumor recurrence, and predicting the survival time, are reviewed. Emerging biomarkers discovered from advanced high throughput technology over the past five years are updated and summarized. Finally, in-depth and critical revision on the prognostic biomarkers for CCA reported from various sources of specimens, e.g. tissues, blood, bile, etc. are discussed. CONCLUSION Many prognostic biomarkers for CCA have been proposed and hold promising clinical value. However, these markers are rarely used in the real clinical world due to several factors. Understanding the roles and importance of these prognostic markers may fundamentally impact the therapeutic management of CCA, and hopefully, improve the development of custom and patient-directed therapies for CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sumalee Obchoei
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
François G, Valérie J, Sylvain M, Audrey H, Côme L, Anne-Marie B. Biliary tract cancers have distinct epidemiological patterns and clinical characteristics according to tumour site. HPB (Oxford) 2023:S1365-182X(23)00066-7. [PMID: 36958986 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the epidemiology of biliary tract cancers over the last decade. We investigated trends in incidence, treatment and prognosis of biliary tract cancers according to anatomic site. METHODS 714 biliary tract cancers recorded between 2012 and 2019 in the French population-based cancer registry of Burgundy were included. Trends in world age-standardized incidence were depicted using Poisson regression. RESULTS Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma accounted for 40% of biliary tract cancer. Half of the patients were older than 75 years at diagnosis. Incidence of biliary tract cancer did not vary over time, except a slight increase in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in men and a decrease in the ampulla in both sexes. Among non-metastatic patients, the proportion who underwent R0 resection ranged from 15% for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to 58% for ampulla cancer (p < 0.001). Age, performance status and hospital type were associated with resection. Among unresected patients, 45% received chemotherapy. Older age, jaundice, increasing performance status and comorbidities index negatively affected chemotherapy administration. Net survival was higher for ampulla than for other sites, regardless of patient and treatment characteristics. CONCLUSION Biliary tract cancers present different patterns in incidence. The ampulla site should be considered separately in clinical trials due to its better outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghiringhelli François
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Centre - UNICANCER, Dijon, France; INSERM, UMR 1231, CADIR, Dijon, France; University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Jooste Valérie
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Digestive Cancer Registry of Burgundy, University Hospital, Dijon, France; INSERM, UMR 1231, EPICAD, Dijon, France
| | - Manfredi Sylvain
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; INSERM, UMR 1231, EPICAD, Dijon, France; University Hospital, Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Hennequin Audrey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Centre - UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Lepage Côme
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; INSERM, UMR 1231, EPICAD, Dijon, France; University Hospital, Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Bouvier Anne-Marie
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Digestive Cancer Registry of Burgundy, University Hospital, Dijon, France; INSERM, UMR 1231, EPICAD, Dijon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Roth GS, Neuzillet C, Sarabi M, Edeline J, Malka D, Lièvre A. Cholangiocarcinoma: what are the options in all comers and how has the advent of molecular profiling opened the way to personalised medicine ? Eur J Cancer 2023; 179:1-14. [PMID: 36463640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a deadly cancer comprising very heterogenous subtypes with a limited therapeutic arsenal in all comers. However, recent significant advances were made with immunotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced cholangiocarcinoma, with the addition of durvalumab to cisplatin-gemcitabine chemotherapy showing a survival benefit. In the second line setting, only FOLFOX (5FU/folinic acid-oxaliplatin) is validated by a phase 3 trial, yet with a very modest benefit on survival; new options using 5FU with nanoliposomal-irinotecan may emerge in the next few years. The advent of molecular profiling in advanced cholangiocarcinoma in the last decade revealed frequent targetable alterations such as IDH1 mutations, FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements, HER2 amplification, BRAF V600E mutation and others. This strategy opened the way to personalised medicine for patients which are still fit after first-line treatment and the use of targeted inhibitors in first line constitutes a huge challenge with many ongoing trials to improve patients' care. This review exposes the recent clinical trial findings in non-molecularly selected advanced cholangiocarcinoma, offers a focus on how systematic molecular screening should be structured to allow patients to access to personalised medicine, and details which are the therapeutic options accessible in case of actionable alteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gael S Roth
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes / Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes / Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR 5309-INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France.
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Institut Curie, Versailles Saint-Quentin University - Paris Saclay University, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Matthieu Sarabi
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 Rue Laennec, Lyon 69008, France; Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | | | - David Malka
- Medical Oncology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Astrid Lièvre
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rennes University Hospital, University of Rennes 1, INSERM Unité 1242, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) contains perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma both of which can arise at any point of the biliary tree and originate from disparate anatomical sites. Generally, the incidence of eCCA is increasing globally. Though surgical resection is the principal treatment of choice for the early stages of eCCA, optimal survival remains restricted by the high risk of recurrence when most patients are present with unresectable disease or distant metastasis. Furthermore, both intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity make it laborious to determine molecularly targeted therapies. In this review, we mainly focused on current findings in the field of eCCA, mostly including epidemiology, genomic abnormalities, molecular pathogenesis, tumor microenvironment, and other details while a summary of the biological mechanisms driving eCCA may shed light on intricate tumorigenesis and feasible treatment strategies.
Collapse
|