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Zhao W, Lv Z, Zhang H, Yue J, Zhang X, Li L, Huang F, Lin S. Anatomical Mechanisms of Leaf Blade Morphogenesis in Sasaella kogasensis 'Aureostriatus'. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:332. [PMID: 38337866 PMCID: PMC10857177 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
There are limited studies on the cytology of bamboo leaf development from primordium to maturity. This study delves into the leaf morphological characteristics and growth patterns of Sasaella kogasensis 'Aureostriatus' and provides a three-dimensional anatomical analysis of cell division, expansion, and degradation. Leaves on the same branch develop bottom-up, while individual leaves develop the other way around. Like bamboo shoots and culms, the leaves follow a "slow-fast-slow" growth pattern, with longitudinal growth being predominant during their development. The growth zones of individual leaves included division, elongation, and maturation zones based on the distribution of growth space. By measuring 13,303 epidermal long cells and 3293 mesophyll cells in longitudinal sections of rapidly elongating leaves, we observed that in the rapid elongation phase (S4-S5), the division zone was located in the 1-2 cm segment at the bottom of the leaf blade and maintained a constant size, continuously providing new cells for leaf elongation, whereas in the late rapid elongation phase (S6), when the length of the leaf blade was approaching that of a mature leaf, its cells at the bottom of the blade no longer divided and were replaced by the ability to elongate. Furthermore, to gain an insight into the dynamic changes in the growth of the S. kogasensis 'Aureostriatus' leaves in the lateral and periclinal directions, the width and thickness of 1459 epidermal and 2719 mesophyll cells were counted in the mid-cross section of leaves at different developmental stages. The results showed that during the early stages of development (S1-S3), young leaves maintained vigorous division in the lateral direction, while periplasmic division gradually expanded from the bottom to the top of the leaf blade and the number of cell layers stabilized at S4. The meristematic tissues on both sides of the leaf were still able to divide at S4 but the frequency of the division gradually decreased, while cell division and expansion occurred simultaneously between the veins. At S6, the cells at the leaf margins and between the veins were completely differentiated and the width of the leaf blade no longer expanded. These findings revealed changes in cell growth anisotropically during the leaf development of S. kogasensis 'Aureostriatus' and demonstrated that leaf elongation was closely related to the longitudinal expansion of epidermal cells and proliferative growth of mesophyll cells, whereas the cell division of meristematic tissues and expansion of post-divisional cells contributed to the increases in blade width and thickness. The presented framework will facilitate a further exploration of the molecular regulatory mechanisms of leaf development in S. kogasensis 'Aureostriatus' and provide relevant information for developmental and taxonomic studies of bamboo plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhuo Lv
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hanjiao Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiahui Yue
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Long Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Feiyi Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuyan Lin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (W.Z.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Choi JH, Kim S. Antioxidant and antithrombotic properties of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille (Araliaceae) and its ferments produced by fermentation processing. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13056. [PMID: 31573105 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates and evaluates the antioxidant and antithrombotic effects of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille (Araliaceae) extracts (DME) and its ferment (FDME). Antioxidant activities were improved by FDME treatment, especially 66.74% of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was observed at 100 μg of FDME treatment. In vitro antithrombotic activity was also improved by accelerated fibrinolysis and blood clot degradation as well as prolonged prothrombin time. Similar to those results, in vivo experiment also showed that the formation of thrombus was alleviated and paralysis or death due to thromboembolism was also prevented to some extent. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A bioprocessing technology, fermentation is known to enhance nutritional qualities which has beneficial effects on health by improving antioxidant activity, lipid levels, and antithrombotic activities. DME, healthy food source has been known to have a potential for improving blood circulation improvement. The present study provides beneficial information on the potential and excellence of the antithrombotic efficacy of DME and FDME. The present results elucidate the antithrombotic activities of DME and FDME, which is useful in the development of new food materials for cardiovascular health and new antithrombotic agents for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gwangju University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gwangju University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Deng S, Jin J, He Q. Inhibitory Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate, Epigallocatechin, and Gallic Acid on the Formation of N-Nitrosodiethylamine In Vitro. J Food Sci 2019; 84:2159-2164. [PMID: 31329273 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the inhibitory effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and gallic acid (GA) on the formation of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in vitro. Results show that the three polyphenols are capable to block NDEA formation when the molar ratio of phenols to nitrite is higher than 0.8, and a more acidic environment is prone to promote the inhibitory potential of phenols. It is also found that the inhibitory effect tends to decrease in the order: EGCG, EGC, GA, which is in accordance with the order of their DPPH scavenging activity, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of polyphenols on NDEA formation may work through a free radical way. Kinetic study further revealed the three polyphenols react with nitrite at a much faster rate than diethylamine does (P < 0.05). By scavenging nitrite at a faster rate than the nitrosation of diethylamine, polyphenols at high concentration can significantly block NDEA formation. These observations may promote a possible application of polyphenol compounds to inhibit the formation of nitrosamines in food processing. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The presence of N-nitrosamines in human diet should be an etiological risk factor for human cancers. This work may provide a useful guideline for phenolic compounds to inhibit the formation of nitrosamines in food processing, such as in the process of curing meats. Polyphenols have been proved to block NDEA formation under normal gastric juice condition, suggesting the intake of polyphenols is a potential way to prevent diseases caused by nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Deng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jing Jin
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang He
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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Guo H, Saravanakumar K, Wang M. Total phenolic, flavonoid contents and free radical scavenging capacity of extracts from tubers of Stachys affinis. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2018; 15:235-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Lee J, Lee Y, Chang YH. Effects of selenylation modification on structural and antioxidant properties of pectic polysaccharides extracted from Ulmus pumila L. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1124-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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He J, Xu Y, Chen H, Sun P. Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Potential Antioxidant Activity of the Polysaccharides from Four Seaweeds. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1988. [PMID: 27916796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17121988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Four seaweed polysaccharides were extracted from Sarcodia ceylonensis, Ulva lactuca L., Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and Durvillaea antarctica, respectively, by microwave-assisted extraction. The effect of three significant variables (extraction time, extraction temperature, and the ratio of water to raw material) on the process for extracting polysaccharides was investigated, along with the optimization of the extraction using the response surface method (RSM) with a Box–Behnken design. The polysaccharide structure, monosaccharide composition, degree of sulfation, and molecular weight (MW) distribution were analyzed by infrared (IR) spectrometry, gas chromatography (GC), and high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). IR spectrometry showed that Sarcodia ceylonensis polysaccharide (SCP), Ulva lactuca L. polysaccharide (ULLP), and Durvillaea antarctica polysaccharide (DAP) were all sulfated polysaccharides and, except Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide (GLP), all belong to β-pyranosidic polysaccharides. The average molecular weight (MW) of SCP, ULLP, GLP, and DAP was 466, 404, 591, and 482 kDa, respectively. The quantitative and comparative results with external standards indicated that the main monosaccharide in SCP and ULLP was mannose; and GLP and DAP were mainly composed of galactose and glucose, respectively. Then the in vitro antioxidant activity of all of the polysaccharides was evaluated using different assays—2,2–azino –bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonate) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, nitrite scavenging capacity, and reducing power—and the relationship between their antioxidant activity and chemical characteristics were also examined. ULLP presented the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity; ULLP, SCP and DAP also showed a strong effect on the ABTS radical scavenging activity. SCP and ULLP exhibited excellent hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, about 83.33% ± 2.31% and 80.07% ± 2.17%, respectively, at 4 mg/mL. The reducing power of DAP was relatively more pronounced than that of the three other polysaccharides. However, the nitrite scavenging activities of the four seaweed polysaccharides were weaker than other antioxidant activity (ABTS), hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, and reducing power. In addition, GLP exhibited lower activities than the other three samples in all of the tests for the antioxidant activity.
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Lu Y, Dong Y, Li X, He Q. The Nitrite-Scavenging Properties of Catechol, Resorcinol, and Hydroquinone: A Comparative Study on Their Nitration and Nitrosation Reactions. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C2692-C2696. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Lu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan Univ; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Yanzuo Dong
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan Univ; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Xueli Li
- Inst. of Agro-product Processing; Sichuan Univ; Chengdu 610065 P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Inst. of Agro-product Processing; Sichuan Univ; Chengdu 610065 P.R. China
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Jin SK, Choi JS, Jeong JY, Kim GD. The effect of clove bud powder at a spice level on antioxidant and quality properties of emulsified pork sausage during cold storage. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:4089-4097. [PMID: 26748567 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clove bud is a widely used spice in meat and meat products, and it contains high level of phenolic compounds. The effectiveness of the clove as a spice has not been fully studied at a general level of addition in the meat products. Therefore, in the present study, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and nitrite scavenging abilities of clove bud powder (CBP) was assessed at spice level (0.1% and 0.2%) in emulsified pork sausage, during 6 weeks of cold storage. RESULTS CBP had DPPH radical scavenging ability, but CBP addition at 0.1% and 0.2% did not decrease the TBARS value. An antimicrobial effect of CBP was also not observed during the cold storage. However, residual nitrite at storage weeks 4 and 6 was shown to be lower (P < 0.05). Addition of CBP decreased CIE L* and a* values, but it produced unacceptable sensory properties. Texture profile analysis was not affected by the addition of CBP in emulsified pork sausage (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The positive effect on nitrite scavenging could be expected by the addition of 0.2% CBP as a spice. However, antioxidant and antimicrobial abilities were not observed, as well as improvement in the quality of characteristics, in emulsified pork sausage. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Keun Jin
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 660-758, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Swine Science and Technology Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 660-758, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yeon Jeong
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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Bajpai VK, Rather IA, Park YH. Partially Purified Exo-Polysaccharide from Lactobacillus Sakei
Probio 65 with Antioxidant, α-Glucosidase and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Potential. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Irfan Ahmad Rather
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
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Shukla S, Lee JS, Park J, Hwang DJ, Park JH, Kim M. Quantitative Analysis of Functional Components From Nelumbo Nucifera
Root Fermented Broth with Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effects. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Shukla
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsangbuk-do Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Cook; Taegu Science University; Daegu 702-723 Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsangbuk-do Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsangbuk-do Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsangbuk-do Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsangbuk-do Republic of Korea
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Boo HO, Park JH, Woo SH, Park HY. Antimicrobial Effect, Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of the Extract from Different Parts of Phytolacca americana L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.7740/kjcs.2015.60.3.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hwang D, Charchoghlyan H, Lee JS, Kim M. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of the Korean lotus leaf (Nelumbo nucifera) condiment: volatile and nonvolatile metabolite profiling during fermentation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; 280 Daehak-ro Gyeongsan-si 712-749 Korea
| | - Haykuhi Charchoghlyan
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; 280 Daehak-ro Gyeongsan-si 712-749 Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; 280 Daehak-ro Gyeongsan-si 712-749 Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Yeungnam University; 280 Daehak-ro Gyeongsan-si 712-749 Korea
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Zun-Qiu W, Gui-Zhou Y, Qing-Ping Z, You-Jun J, Kai-Yu T, Hua-Ping C, Ze-Shen Y, Qian-Ming H. Purification, Dynamic Changes and Antioxidant Activities of Oleuropein in Olive (O
lea Europaea
L.) Leaves. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zun-Qiu
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
| | - Yue Gui-Zhou
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
| | - Zhu Qing-Ping
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
| | - Jiang You-Jun
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
| | - Tang Kai-Yu
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
| | - Chen Hua-Ping
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
| | - Yang Ze-Shen
- Department of Agricultural Development; Liang Shan Zhong Ze New Technology Development Co., Ltd.; Xichang Sichuan China
| | - Huang Qian-Ming
- College of Science; Sichuan Agricultural University; Ya'an Sichuan 625014 China
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Samad NB, Debnath T, Ye M, Hasnat MA, Lim BO. In vitro antioxidant and anti–inflammatory activities of Korean blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) extracts. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Sun J, He XM, Zhao MM, Li L, Li CB, Dong Y. Antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging capacities of phenolic compounds from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) tops. Molecules 2014; 19:13147-60. [PMID: 25162956 PMCID: PMC6270697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane tops were extracted with 50% ethanol and fractionated by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butyl alcohol successively. Eight phenolic compounds in EtOAc extracts were purified through silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and then identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectra. The results showed that eight phenolic compounds from EtOAc extracts were identified as caffeic acid, cis-p-hydroxycinnamic acid, quercetin, apigenin, albanin A, australone A, moracin M, and 5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone. The antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging capacities of different solvent extracts correlated positively with their total phenolic (TP) contents. Amongst various extracts, EtOAc extracts possessed the highest TP content and presented the strongest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging capacity, 2,2'-azobis-3-ethylbenthiaazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical-scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitrite-scavenging capacity. Thus, sugarcane tops could be promoted as a source of natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xue-Mei He
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Mou-Ming Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Li Li
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Chang-Bao Li
- Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Yi Dong
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Kim D, Shin G, Lee Y, Lee JS, Cho J, Baik S, Lee O. Assessment and comparison of the antioxidant activities and nitrite scavenging activity of commonly consumed beverages in Korea. Food Chem 2014; 151:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Samad NB, Debnath T, Abul Hasnat M, Pervin M, Kim DH, Jo JE, Park SR, Lim BO. Phenolic Contents, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Asparagus cochinchinensis
(Loureiro) Merrill. J Food Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadira Binte Samad
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Trishna Debnath
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Md. Abul Hasnat
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Mehnaz Pervin
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Jo
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Sa Ra Park
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
| | - Beong Ou Lim
- Department of Applied Biochemistry; Konkuk University; Chungju 380-701 Korea
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Kim J, Choi D, Jung B, Lee B, Lim G, Lee MK, Cha W, Cho H. Effects of fruiting body extracts of Lentinus edodes cultivated using corn cob on biological activities. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2013; 30:906-912. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-012-0209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nam JS, Chung HJ, Jang MK, Jung IA, Park SH, Cho SI, Jung MH. Sasa borealis extract exerts an antidiabetic effect via activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase. Nutr Res Pract 2013; 7:15-21. [PMID: 23423690 PMCID: PMC3572220 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2013.7.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf of Sasa borealis, a species of bamboo, has been reported to exhibit anti-hyperglycemic effect. However, its antidiabetic mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether an extract of S. borealis activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and exerts anti-hyperglycemic effects. Treatment with the S. borealis extract increased insulin signaling and phosphorylation of AMPK and stimulated the expression of its downstream targets, including PPARα, ACO, and CPT-1 in C2C12 cells and PPARα in HepG2 cells. However, inhibition of AMPK activation attenuated insulin signaling and prevented the stimulation of AMPK target genes. The S. borealis extract increased glucose uptake in C2C12 cells and suppressed expression of the gluconeogenic gene, PEPCK in HepG2 cells. The extract significantly reduced blood glucose and triglyceride levels in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The extract enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and increased Glut-4 expression in the skeletal muscle of the mice. These findings demonstrated that the S. borealis extract exerts its anti-hyperglycemic effect through activation of AMPK and enhancement of insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Soo Nam
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 626-770, Korea
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NI Q, WANG Z, XU G, GAO Q, YANG D, MORIMATSU F, ZHANG Y. Altitudinal Variation of Antioxidant Components and Capability in Indocalamus latifolius (Keng) McClure Leaf. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2013; 59:336-42. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.59.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jiang Y, Hu W, Han W, Yeo JH, Wang MH. Antioxidant and nitric oxide production inhibitory activities of scouring rush (Equisetum hyemale L.). Food Sci Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-012-0135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Boo HO, Shin JH, Shin JS, Choung ES, Bang MA, Choi KM, Song WS. Assessment on Antioxidant Potential and Enzyme Activity of Some Economic Resource Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7732/kjpr.2012.25.3.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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DEBNATH TRISHNA, JIN HAILAN, HASNAT MDABUL, KIM YUNSUK, SAMAD NADIRABINTE, PARK PYOJAM, LIM BEONGOU. ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE PREVENTIVE ACTIVITY OFCHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUMEXTRACTS. J Food Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00644.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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SAMAD NADIRABINTE, DEBNATH TRISHNA, JIN HAILAN, LEE BORAM, PARK PYOJAM, LEE SEUNGYUAN, LIM BEONGOU. ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OFBENINCASA HISPIDASEEDS. J Food Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kim BH, Choi D, Piao YL, Park S, Lee MK, Cha W, Chang Y, Cho H. Comparative study on the antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activity of fruiting body and mycelium extract from Pleurotus ferulae. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2012; 29:1393-402. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-012-0010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ni Q, Xu G, Wang Z, Gao Q, Wang S, Zhang Y. Seasonal variations of the antioxidant composition in ground bamboo Sasa argenteastriatus leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:2249-2262. [PMID: 22408451 PMCID: PMC3292020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13022249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sasa argenteastriatus, with abundant active compounds and high antioxidant activity in leaves, is a new leafy bamboo grove suitable for exploitation. To utilize it more effectively and scientifically, we investigate the seasonal variations of antioxidant composition in its leaves and antioxidant activity. The leaves of Sasa argenteastriatus were collected on the 5th day of each month in three same-sized sample plots from May 2009 to May 2011. The total flavonoids (TF): phenolics (TP) and triterpenoid (TT) of bamboo leaves were extracted and the contents analyzed by UV-spectrophotometer. Our data showed that all exhibited variations with the changing seasons, with the highest levels appearing in November to March. Antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH and FRAP methods. The highest antioxidant activity appeared in December with the lowest in May. Correlation analyses demonstrated that TP and TF exhibited high correlation with bamboo antioxidant activity. Eight bamboo characteristic compounds (orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, homovitexin and p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid) were determined by RP-HPLC synchronously. We found that chlorogenic acid, isoorientin and vitexin are the main compounds in Sasa argenteastriatus leaves and the content of isovitexin and chlorogenic acid showed a similar seasonal variation with the TF, TP and TT. Our results suggested that the optimum season for harvesting Sasa argenteastriatus leaves is between autumn and winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Ni
- Agriculture and Food Science School, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China; E-Mails: (Q.N.); (G.X.); (Z.W.); (Q.G.)
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Guangzhi Xu
- Agriculture and Food Science School, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China; E-Mails: (Q.N.); (G.X.); (Z.W.); (Q.G.)
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Agriculture and Food Science School, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China; E-Mails: (Q.N.); (G.X.); (Z.W.); (Q.G.)
| | - Qianxin Gao
- Agriculture and Food Science School, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China; E-Mails: (Q.N.); (G.X.); (Z.W.); (Q.G.)
| | - Shu Wang
- Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China; E-Mail:
| | - Youzuo Zhang
- Agriculture and Food Science School, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China; E-Mails: (Q.N.); (G.X.); (Z.W.); (Q.G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-571-61075299; Fax: +86-571-61075299
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Bilehal D, Li L, Kim YH. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Chemical Composition of the Bamboo-Carbonized Liquid. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-011-9194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang JH, Lim HS, Heo YR. Sasa borealis leaves extract improves insulin resistance by modulating inflammatory cytokine secretion in high fat diet-induced obese C57/BL6J mice. Nutr Res Pract 2010; 4:99-105. [PMID: 20461197 PMCID: PMC2867230 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is considered a mild inflammatory state, and the secretion of inflammation-related cytokines rises as adipose tissue expands. Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interlukin 6 (IL-6) and monocyte-chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), are modulated by adipose tissue and known to play an important role in insulin resistance which is the common characteristics of obesity related disorders. In this study we analyzed the effects of Sasa borealis leaves extract on inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in diet induced obese C57/BL6J mice. The obese state was induced by a high fat diet for 20 weeks and then the mice were divided into two groups; obese control group (OBC, n = 7) and experimental group (OB-SBE, n = 7). The OBC group was fed a high fat diet and the OB-SBE group was fed a high fat diet containing 5% Sasa borealis leaves extract (SBE) for 12 weeks. We also used mice fed a standard diet as a normal control (NC, n = 7). The body weight and adipose tissue weight in the OB group were significantly higher than those in the NC group. The effects of the high fat diet were reduced by SBE treatments, and the body weight and adipose tissue deposition in the OB-SBE group were significantly decreased compared to the OBC group. The OBC group showed higher serum glucose and insulin levels which resulted in a significant increase of incremental area under the curve (IAUC) and HOMA-IR than the NC group. Also, serum leptin, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the OBC group than in the NC group. In contrast, the OB-SBE group showed a reversal in the metabolic defects, including a decrease in glucose, insulin, IAUC, HOMA-IR, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and leptin levels. These results suggest that BSE can suppress increased weight gain and/or fat deposition induced by a high fat diet and theses effects are accompanied by modulation of the inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion resulting in improved insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwa Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, 300 Youngbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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Cha W, Ding J, Choi D. Comparative evaluation of antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, and antitumor effects of Antrodia camphorata extract. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2009; 14:232-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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