1
|
Franchi S, Madabeni A, Tosato M, Gentile S, Asti M, Orian L, Di Marco V. Navigating through the coordination preferences of heavy alkaline earth metals: Laying the foundations for 223Ra- and 131/135mBa-based targeted alpha therapy and theranostics of cancer. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 256:112569. [PMID: 38701687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The clinical success of [223Ra]RaCl2 (Xofigo®) for the palliative treatment of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer has highlighted the therapeutic potential of α-particle emission. Expanding the applicability of radium-223 in Targeted Alpha Therapy of non-osseous tumors is followed up with significant interest, as it holds the potential to unveil novel treatment options in the comprehensive management of cancer. Moreover, the use of barium radionuclides, like barium-131 and -135m, is still unfamiliar in nuclear medicine applications, although they can be considered as radium-223 surrogates for imaging purposes. Enabling these applications requires the establishment of chelators able to form stable complexes with radium and barium radionuclides. Until now, only a limited number of ligands have been suggested and these molecules have been primarily inspired by existing structures known for their ability to complex large metal cations. However, a systematic inspection of chelators specifically tailored to Ra2+ and Ba2+ has yet to be conducted. This work delves into a comprehensive investigation of a series of small organic ligands, aiming to unveil the coordination preferences of both radium-223 and barium-131/135m. Electronic binding energies of both metal cations to each ligand were theoretically computed via Density Functional Theory calculations (COSMO-ZORA-PBE-D3/TZ2P), while thermodynamic stability constants were experimentally determined for Ba2+-ligand complexes by potentiometry, NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The outcomes revealed malonate, 2-hydroxypyridine 1-oxide and picolinate as the most favorable building blocks to design multidentate chelators. These findings serve as foundation guidelines, propelling the development of cutting-edge radium-223- and barium-131/135m-based radiopharmaceuticals for Targeted Alpha Therapy and theranostics of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franchi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Madabeni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marianna Tosato
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Gentile
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Mattia Asti
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Laura Orian
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Laboratories of Legnaro (INFN-LNL), 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
| | - Valerio Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khazaei Monfared Y, Heidari P, Klempner SJ, Mahmood U, Parikh AR, Hong TS, Strickland MR, Esfahani SA. DNA Damage by Radiopharmaceuticals and Mechanisms of Cellular Repair. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2761. [PMID: 38140100 PMCID: PMC10748326 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA is an organic molecule that is highly vulnerable to chemical alterations and breaks caused by both internal and external factors. Cells possess complex and advanced mechanisms, including DNA repair, damage tolerance, cell cycle checkpoints, and cell death pathways, which together minimize the potentially harmful effects of DNA damage. However, in cancer cells, the normal DNA damage tolerance and response processes are disrupted or deregulated. This results in increased mutagenesis and genomic instability within the cancer cells, a known driver of cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. On the other hand, the inherent instability of the genome in rapidly dividing cancer cells can be exploited as a tool to kill by imposing DNA damage with radiopharmaceuticals. As the field of targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is rapidly growing in oncology, it is crucial to have a deep understanding of the impact of systemic radiation delivery by radiopharmaceuticals on the DNA of tumors and healthy tissues. The distribution and activation of DNA damage and repair pathways caused by RPT can be different based on the characteristics of the radioisotope and molecular target. Here we provide a comprehensive discussion of the biological effects of RPTs, with the main focus on the role of varying radioisotopes in inducing direct and indirect DNA damage and activating DNA repair pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Khazaei Monfared
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.M.); (P.H.); (U.M.)
| | - Pedram Heidari
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.M.); (P.H.); (U.M.)
| | - Samuel J. Klempner
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mass General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.J.K.); (A.R.P.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Umar Mahmood
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.M.); (P.H.); (U.M.)
| | - Aparna R. Parikh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mass General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.J.K.); (A.R.P.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Theodore S. Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Matthew R. Strickland
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mass General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.J.K.); (A.R.P.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Shadi A. Esfahani
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.M.); (P.H.); (U.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Franchi S, Asti M, Di Marco V, Tosato M. The Curies' element: state of the art and perspectives on the use of radium in nuclear medicine. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:38. [PMID: 37947909 PMCID: PMC10638329 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The alpha-emitter radium-223 (223Ra) is presently used in nuclear medicine for the palliative treatment of bone metastases from castration-resistant prostate cancer. This application arises from its advantageous decay properties and its intrinsic ability to accumulate in regions of high bone turnover when injected as a simple chloride salt. The commercial availability of [223Ra]RaCl2 as a registered drug (Xofigo®) is a further additional asset. MAIN BODY The prospect of extending the utility of 223Ra to targeted α-therapy of non-osseous cancers has garnered significant interest. Different methods, such as the use of bifunctional chelators and nanoparticles, have been explored to incorporate 223Ra in proper carriers designed to precisely target tumor sites. Nevertheless, the search for a suitable scaffold remains an ongoing challenge, impeding the diffusion of 223Ra-based radiopharmaceuticals. CONCLUSION This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current role of radium radioisotopes in nuclear medicine, with a specific focus on 223Ra. It also critically examines the endeavors conducted so far to develop constructs capable of incorporating 223Ra into cancer-targeting drugs. Particular emphasis is given to the chemical aspects aimed at providing molecular scaffolds for the bifunctional chelator approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franchi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Asti
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL di Reggio Emilia: Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valerio Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Marianna Tosato
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL di Reggio Emilia: Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Franchi S, Di Marco V, Tosato M. Bismuth chelation for targeted alpha therapy: Current state of the art. Nucl Med Biol 2022; 114-115:168-188. [PMID: 35753940 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Current interest in the α-emitting bismuth radionuclides, bismuth-212 (212Bi) and bismuth-213 (213Bi), stems from their great potential for targeted alpha therapy (TAT), an expanding and promising approach for the treatment of micrometastatic disease and the eradication of single malignant cells. To selectively deliver their emission to the cancer cells, these radiometals must be firmly coordinated by a bifunctional chelator (BFC) attached to a tumour-seeking vector. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art chelating agents for bismuth radioisotopes. Several aspects are reported, from their 'cold' chelation chemistry (thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural properties) and radiolabelling investigations to the preclinical and clinical studies performed with a variety of bioconjugates. The aim of this review is to provide both a guide for the rational design of novel optimal platforms for the chelation of these attractive α-emitters and emphasize the prospects of the most encouraging chelating agents proposed so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franchi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Tosato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salih S, Alkatheeri A, Alomaim W, Elliyanti A. Radiopharmaceutical Treatments for Cancer Therapy, Radionuclides Characteristics, Applications, and Challenges. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165231. [PMID: 36014472 PMCID: PMC9415873 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the field of molecular biology have had an impact on biomedical applications, which provide greater hope for both imaging and therapeutics. Work has been intensified on the development of radionuclides and their application in radiopharmaceuticals (RPS) which will certainly influence and expand therapeutic approaches in the future treatment of patients. Alpha or beta particles and Auger electrons are used for therapy purposes, and each has advantages and disadvantages. The radionuclides labeled drug delivery system will deliver the particles to the specific targeting cell. Different radioligands can be chosen to uniquely target molecular receptors or intracellular components, making them suitable for personal patient-tailored therapy in modern cancer therapy management. Advances in nanotechnology have enabled nanoparticle drug delivery systems that can allow for specific multivalent attachment of targeted molecules of antibodies, peptides, or ligands to the surface of nanoparticles for therapy and imaging purposes. This review presents fundamental radionuclide properties with particular reference to tumor biology and receptor characteristic of radiopharmaceutical targeted therapy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Salih
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi 3798, United Arab Emirates
- National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 2667, Sudan
| | - Ajnas Alkatheeri
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi 3798, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wijdan Alomaim
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi 3798, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aisyah Elliyanti
- Nuclear Medicine Division of Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang 25163, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ning WJ, Liu X, Zeng HY, An ZQ, Luo WX, Xia NS. Recent progress in antibody-based therapeutics for triple-negative breast cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:815-832. [PMID: 35738312 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2093853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of severely aggressive breast cancer that lacks the expression of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and is highly metastatic and related to a poor prognosis. Current standard treatments are still limited to systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection. More effective treatments are urgently needed. AREAS COVERED The immunogenicity of TNBC has provided opportunities for the development of targeted immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on the recent development in antibody-based drug modalities, including angiogenesis inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, immunoconjugates, T cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies and CAR-T cells, and their mechanisms of action in TNBC. EXPERT OPINION At present, the treatment of TNBC is still a major challenge that needs to be addressed. Novel immunotherapies are promising opportunities for improving the management of this aggressive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong-Ye Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen-Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ning-Shao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stenberg VY, Tornes AJK, Nilsen HR, Revheim ME, Bruland ØS, Larsen RH, Juzeniene A. Factors Influencing the Therapeutic Efficacy of the PSMA Targeting Radioligand 212Pb-NG001. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112784. [PMID: 35681766 PMCID: PMC9179904 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a protein overexpressed in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and a promising target for targeted radionuclide therapy. PSMA-targeted alpha therapy is of growing interest due to the high-emission energy and short range of alpha particles, resulting in a prominent cytotoxic potency. This study assesses the influence of various factors on the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the alpha particle generating PSMA-targeting radioligand 212Pb-NG001. Abstract This study aimed to determine the influence of cellular PSMA expression, radioligand binding and internalization, and repeated administrations on the therapeutic effects of the PSMA-targeting radioligand 212Pb-NG001. Cellular binding and internalization, cytotoxicity, biodistribution, and the therapeutic efficacy of 212Pb-NG001 were investigated in two human prostate cancer cell lines with different PSMA levels: C4-2 (PSMA+) and PC-3 PIP (PSMA+++). Despite 10-fold higher PSMA expression on PC-3 PIP cells, cytotoxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the radioligand was only 1.8-fold better than for the C4-2 model, possibly explained by lower cellular internalization and less blood-rich stroma in PC-3 PIP xenografts. Mice bearing subcutaneous PC-3 PIP xenografts were treated with 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 MBq of 212Pb-NG001 that resulted in therapeutic indexes of 2.7, 3.0, and 3.5, respectively. A significant increase in treatment response was observed in mice that received repeated injections compared to the corresponding single dose (therapeutic indexes of 3.6 for 2 × 0.2 MBq and 4.4 for 2 × 0.4 MBq). The results indicate that 212Pb-NG001 can induce therapeutic effects at clinically transferrable doses, both in the C4-2 model that resembles solid tumors and micrometastases with natural PSMA expression and in the PC-3 PIP model that mimics poorly vascularized metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vilde Yuli Stenberg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.J.K.T.); (A.J.)
- Nucligen AS, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-9012-8434
| | - Anna Julie Kjøl Tornes
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.J.K.T.); (A.J.)
- Nucligen AS, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
| | - Hogne Røed Nilsen
- Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Mona-Elisabeth Revheim
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Sverre Bruland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
- Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Asta Juzeniene
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.J.K.T.); (A.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li F, Yang Y, Liao J, Liu N. Recent progress of astatine-211 in endoradiotherapy: Great advances from fundamental properties to targeted radiopharmaceuticals. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
9
|
Bauckneht M, Lai R, D'Amico F, Miceli A, Donegani MI, Campi C, Schenone D, Raffa S, Chiola S, Lanfranchi F, Rebuzzi SE, Zanardi E, Cremante M, Marini C, Fornarini G, Morbelli S, Piana M, Sambuceti G. Opportunistic skeletal muscle metrics as prognostic tools in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients candidates to receive Radium-223. Ann Nucl Med 2022; 36:373-383. [PMID: 35044592 PMCID: PMC8938339 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01716-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective Androgen deprivation therapy alters body composition promoting a significant loss in skeletal muscle (SM) mass through inflammation and oxidative damage. We verified whether SM anthropometric composition and metabolism are associated with unfavourable overall survival (OS) in a retrospective cohort of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients submitted to 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) imaging before receiving Radium-223. Patients and methods Low-dose CT were opportunistically analysed using a cross-sectional approach to calculate SM and adipose tissue areas at the third lumbar vertebra level. Moreover, a 3D computational method was used to extract psoas muscles to evaluate their volume, Hounsfield Units (HU) and FDG retention estimated by the standardized uptake value (SUV). Baseline established clinical, lab and imaging prognosticators were also recorded. Results SM area predicted OS at univariate analysis. However, this capability was not additive to the power of mean HU and maximum SUV of psoas muscles volume. These factors were thus combined in the Attenuation Metabolic Index (AMI) whose power was tested in a novel uni- and multivariable model. While Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Lactate Dehydrogenase and Hemoglobin, Metabolic Tumor Volume, Total Lesion Glycolysis and AMI were associated with long-term OS at the univariate analyses, only PSA, ALP and AMI resulted in independent prognosticator at the multivariate analysis. Conclusion The present data suggest that assessing individual 'patients' SM metrics through an opportunistic operator-independent computational analysis of FDG PET/CT imaging provides prognostic insights in mCRPC patients candidates to receive Radium-223. Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bauckneht
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy. .,Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
| | - Rita Lai
- Department of Mathematics (DIMA), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Amico
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Miceli
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Campi
- LISCOMP, Department of Mathematics (DIMA), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Schenone
- LISCOMP, Department of Mathematics (DIMA), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffa
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Chiola
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Medical Oncology, Ospedale San Paolo, Savona, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Zanardi
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Malvina Cremante
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Marini
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR Institute of Molecular, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fornarini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Piana
- LISCOMP, Department of Mathematics (DIMA), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,CNR-SPIN Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Griffith DM, Li H, Werrett MV, Andrews PC, Sun H. Medicinal chemistry and biomedical applications of bismuth-based compounds and nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12037-12069. [PMID: 34533144 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth as a relatively non-toxic and inexpensive metal with exceptional properties has numerous biomedical applications. Bismuth-based compounds are used extensively as medicines for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders including dyspepsia, gastric ulcers and H. pylori infections. Recently, its medicinal application was further extended to potential treatments of viral infection, multidrug resistant microbial infections, cancer and also imaging, drug delivery and biosensing. In this review we have highlighted the unique chemistry and biological chemistry of bismuth-209 as a prelude to sections covering the unique antibacterial activity of bismuth including a description of research undertaken to date to elucidate key molecular mechanisms of action against H. pylori, the development of novel compounds to treat infection from microbes beyond H. pylori and the significant role bismuth compounds can play as resistance breakers. Furthermore we have provided an account of the potential therapeutic application of bismuth-213 in targeted alpha therapy as well as a summary of the biomedical applications of bismuth-based nanoparticles and composites. Ultimately this review aims to provide the state of the art, highlight the untapped biomedical potential of bismuth and encourage original contributions to this exciting and important field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,SSPC, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, Ireland
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics for Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | - Philip C Andrews
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hongzhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry and CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics for Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Trujillo-Nolasco M, Morales-Avila E, Cruz-Nova P, Katti KV, Ocampo-García B. Nanoradiopharmaceuticals Based on Alpha Emitters: Recent Developments for Medical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1123. [PMID: 34452084 PMCID: PMC8398190 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology in nuclear medicine offers attractive therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Indeed, nanoparticles-conjugated targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) would be ideal for localized cell killing due to high linear energy transfer and short ranges of alpha emitters. New approaches in radiolabeling are necessary because chemical radiolabeling techniques are rendered sub-optimal due to the presence of recoil energy generated by alpha decay, which causes chemical bonds to break. This review attempts to cover, in a concise fashion, various aspects of physics, radiobiology, and production of alpha emitters, as well as highlight the main problems they present, with possible new approaches to mitigate those problems. Special emphasis is placed on the strategies proposed for managing recoil energy. We will also provide an account of the recent studies in vitro and in vivo preclinical investigations of α-particle therapy delivered by various nanosystems from different materials, including inorganic nanoparticles, liposomes, and polymersomes, and some carbon-based systems are also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maydelid Trujillo-Nolasco
- Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (M.T.-N.); (P.C.-N.)
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca 50120, Mexico;
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca 50120, Mexico;
| | - Pedro Cruz-Nova
- Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (M.T.-N.); (P.C.-N.)
| | - Kattesh V. Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
| | - Blanca Ocampo-García
- Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (M.T.-N.); (P.C.-N.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Altıparmak Güleç B, Yurt F. Treatment with Radiopharmaceuticals and Radionuclides in Breast Cancer: Current Options. Eur J Breast Health 2021; 17:214-219. [PMID: 34263148 DOI: 10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2021.2021-3-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is an effective and safe treatment for many types of cancer. RPT acts by binding radioactive atoms to tumor-associated antigens, monoclonal antibodies, nanoparticles, peptides, and small molecules. These treatments ensure that a concentrated dose is delivered to the targeted tumor tissue while preserving the normal tissues surrounding the tumor. Given these features, RPT is superior to traditional methods. This review article aimed to performa comprehensive review and evaluation of the potential of radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals used in breast cancer treatment in preclinical studies conducted in the last five years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Altıparmak Güleç
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey (Graduated)
| | - Fatma Yurt
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rosar F, Krause J, Bartholomä M, Maus S, Stemler T, Hierlmeier I, Linxweiler J, Ezziddin S, Khreish F. Efficacy and Safety of [ 225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 Augmented [ 177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 Radioligand Therapy in Patients with Highly Advanced mCRPC with Poor Prognosis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050722. [PMID: 34069003 PMCID: PMC8156464 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of 225Ac in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT), either as monotherapy or in combination with 177Lu, is a promising therapy approach in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (mCRPC). In this study, we report the efficacy and safety of [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 augmented [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT in 177Lu-naive mCRPC patients (n = 15) with poor prognosis (presence of visceral metastases, high total tumor burden with diffuse bone metastases or a short PSA doubling time of <2 months). Biochemical (by PSA serum value) and molecular imaging response (by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT) was assessed after two cycles of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT, with at least one [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 augmentation. In addition, PSA-based progression-free survival (PSA-PFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity (according to CTCAE) were analyzed. We observed a biochemical- and molecular imaging-based partial remission in 53.3% (8/15) and 66.7% (10/15) of patients, respectively. The median PSA-PFS and OS was 9.1 and 14.8 months, respectively. No serious acute adverse events were recorded. Two out of fifteen patients experienced grade 3 anemia. No other grade 3/4 toxicities were observed. RLT-related xerostomia (grade 1/2) was recorded in 2/15 patients. Our data showed a high clinical efficacy with a favorable side effects profile of [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 augmented [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT in this highly challenging patient cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rosar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Jonas Krause
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Mark Bartholomä
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Stephan Maus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Tobias Stemler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Ina Hierlmeier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | | | - Samer Ezziddin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
| | - Fadi Khreish
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.R.); (J.K.); (M.B.); (S.M.); (T.S.); (I.H.); (S.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6841622201
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Juzeniene A, Stenberg VY, Bruland ØS, Larsen RH. Preclinical and Clinical Status of PSMA-Targeted Alpha Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:779. [PMID: 33668474 PMCID: PMC7918517 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone, lymph node, and visceral metastases are frequent in castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients. Since such patients have only a few months' survival benefit from standard therapies, there is an urgent need for new personalized therapies. The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in prostate cancer and is a molecular target for imaging diagnostics and targeted radionuclide therapy (theragnostics). PSMA-targeted α therapies (PSMA-TAT) may deliver potent and local radiation more selectively to cancer cells than PSMA-targeted β- therapies. In this review, we summarize both the recent preclinical and clinical advances made in the development of PSMA-TAT, as well as the availability of therapeutic α-emitting radionuclides, the development of small molecules and antibodies targeting PSMA. Lastly, we discuss the potentials, limitations, and future perspectives of PSMA-TAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asta Juzeniene
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Vilde Yuli Stenberg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Nucligen, Ullernchausséen 64, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Box 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Øyvind Sverre Bruland
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Box 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fiaccabrino DE, Kunz P, Radchenko V. Potential for production of medical radionuclides with on-line isotope separation at the ISAC facility at TRIUMF and particular discussion of the examples of 165Er and 155Tb. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 94-95:81-91. [PMID: 33607326 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Production of medical radionuclides with ISOL facilities is a unique production method that may provide access to preclinical quantities of some rare and potent radionuclides for nuclear medicine. Particularly attention over the past years was focused on several promising candidates for Targeted Radionuclides Therapy (TRT). With this review, we provide some perspectives of using the TRIUMF ISOL facility (ISAC) to produce medical radionuclides for TRT application and highlight our current effort to collect of 165Er and 155Tb for Auger Therapy and SPECT imaging, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Erika Fiaccabrino
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada; Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Peter Kunz
- Accelerator Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nelson BJB, Andersson JD, Wuest F. Targeted Alpha Therapy: Progress in Radionuclide Production, Radiochemistry, and Applications. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:49. [PMID: 33396374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review outlines the accomplishments and potential developments of targeted alpha (α) particle therapy (TAT). It discusses the therapeutic advantages of the short and highly ionizing path of α-particle emissions; the ability of TAT to complement and provide superior efficacy over existing forms of radiotherapy; the physical decay properties and radiochemistry of common α-emitters, including 225Ac, 213Bi, 224Ra, 212Pb, 227Th, 223Ra, 211At, and 149Tb; the production techniques and proper handling of α-emitters in a radiopharmacy; recent preclinical developments; ongoing and completed clinical trials; and an outlook on the future of TAT.
Collapse
|
17
|
Filosofov D, Kurakina E, Radchenko V. Potent candidates for Targeted Auger Therapy: Production and radiochemical considerations. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 94-95:1-19. [PMID: 33461040 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted Auger Therapy represents great potential for the therapy of diseases which require a high degree of selectivity on the cellular level (e.g. for therapy of metastatic cancers). Due to their high Linear Energy Transfer (LET), Auger emitters, combined with selective biological systems which enable delivery of radionuclides close to the DNA of the targeting cell, can be extremely selective and powerful treatment tools. There are two main aspects associated with the development of efficient radiopharmaceuticals based on Auger Emitters: a) the availability of suitable Auger-emitting radionuclides for therapy and b) the design of targeting vectors which can deliver Auger emitters into/close to the nucleus. In the present review, we address the first aspect by defining important parameters for the selection of radionuclides for application to Targeted Auger Therapy and form a categorized list of the most promising radionuclides, their possible production routes, and their use in the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Filosofov
- Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Kurakina
- Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Department of High-Energy Chemistry and Radioecology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ferrier MG, Li Y, Chyan MK, Wong R, Li L, Spreckelmeyer S, Hamlin DK, Mastren T, Fassbender ME, Orvig C, Wilbur DS. Thorium chelators for targeted alpha therapy: Rapid chelation of thorium-226. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 63:502-516. [PMID: 32812275 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in targeted alpha therapy is assuring delivery of the α-particle dose to the targeted cells. Thus, it is critical to identify ligands for α-emitting radiometals that will form complexes that are very stable, both in vitro and in vivo. In this investigation, thorium-227 (t1/2 = 18.70 days) chelation of ligands containing hydroxypyridinonate (HOPO) or picolinic acid (pa) moieties and the stability of the resultant complexes were studied. Chelation reactions were followed by reversed-phased HPLC and gamma spectroscopy. Studies revealed that high 227 Th chelation yields could be obtained within 2.5 h or less with ligands containing four Me-3,2-HOPO moieties, 1 (83%) and 2 (65%), and also with ligands containing pa moieties, H4 octapa 3 (65%) and H4 py4pa 6 (87%). No reaction occurred with H4 neunpa-p-Bn-NO2 4, and the chelation reaction with another pa ligand H4 pypa 5 gave inconsistent yields with a very broad radio-HPLC peak. The ligands spermine-(Me-3,2-HOPO)4 1, H4 octapa 3, and H4 py4pa 6 had high stability (i.e., 87% of 227 Th still bound to the ligand) in phosphate-buffered saline at room temperature over a 6-day period. Preliminary studies with ligand 6 demonstrated efficient chelation of thorium-226 (t1/2 = 30.57 min) when heated to 80°C for 5 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryline G Ferrier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ming-Kuan Chyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Roger Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lily Li
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Spreckelmeyer
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Donald K Hamlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tara Mastren
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Castillo Seoane D, de Saint-Hubert M, Crabbe M, Struelens L, Koole M. Targeted alpha therapy: a critical review of translational dosimetry research with emphasis on actinium-225. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 64:265-277. [PMID: 32441067 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a general overview of the current achievements and challenges in translational dosimetry for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). The concept of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT) is described with an overview of its clinical applicability and the added value of TAT is discussed. For TAT, we focused on actinium-225 (225Ac) as an example for alpha particle emitting radionuclides and their features, such as limited range within tissue and high linear energy transfer, which make alpha particle emissions more effective in targeted killing of tumour cells compared to beta radiation. Starting with the state-of-the-art dosimetry for TRNT and TAT, we then describe the challenges that still need to be met in order to move to a personalized dosimetry approach for TAT. Specifically for 225Ac, we discuss the recoiled daughter effect which may provoke significant damage to healthy tissue or organs and should be considered. Next, a broad overview is given of the pre-clinical research on 225Ac-TAT with an extensive description of tools which are only available in a pre-clinical setting and their added value. In addition, we review the preclinical biodistribution and dosimetry studies that have been performed on TAT-agents and more specifically of 225Ac and its multiple progeny, and describe their potential role to better characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of TAT-agents and to optimize the use of theranostic approaches for dosimetry. Finally, we discuss the support pre-clinical studies may provide in understanding dose-effect relationships, linking radiation dose quantities to biological endpoints and even moving away from macro- to microdosimetry. As such, the translation of pre-clinical findings may provide valuable information and new approaches for improved clinical dosimetry, thus paving the way to personalized TAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Castillo Seoane
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium - .,Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium -
| | - Marijke de Saint-Hubert
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Melissa Crabbe
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Lara Struelens
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Michel Koole
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
O'Hara MJ, Krzysko AJ, Hamlin DK, Li Y, Dorman EF, Wilbur DS. Development of an autonomous solvent extraction system to isolate astatine-211 from dissolved cyclotron bombarded bismuth targets. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20318. [PMID: 31889075 PMCID: PMC6937302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclotron-produced astatine-211 (211At) shows tremendous promise in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) applications due to its attractive half-life and its 100% α-emission from nearly simultaneous branched alpha decay. Astatine-211 is produced by alpha beam bombardment of naturally monoisotopic bismuth metal (209Bi) via the (α, 2n) reaction. In order to isolate the small mass of 211At (specific activity = 76 GBq·µg−1) from several grams of acid-dissolved Bi metal, a manual milliliter-scale solvent extraction process using diisopropyl ether (DIPE) is routinely performed at the University of Washington. As this process is complex and time consuming, we have developed a fluidic workstation that can perform the method autonomously. The workstation employs two pumps to concurrently deliver the aqueous and organic phases to a mixing tee and in-line phase mixer. The mixed phases are routed to a phase settling reservoir, where they gravity settle. Finally, each respective phase is withdrawn into its respective pump. However, development of a phase boundary sensor, placed in tandem with the phase settling reservoir, was necessary to communicate to the system when withdrawal of the denser aqueous phase was complete (i.e., the intersection of the two phases was located). The development and optimization of the autonomous solvent extraction system is described, and the 211At yields from several ~1.1 GBq-level 211At processing runs are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J O'Hara
- Nuclear Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
| | - Anthony J Krzysko
- Nuclear Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Donald K Hamlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, 616 N.E. Northlake Place, PO Box 355016, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, 616 N.E. Northlake Place, PO Box 355016, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Eric F Dorman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, 616 N.E. Northlake Place, PO Box 355016, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, 616 N.E. Northlake Place, PO Box 355016, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| |
Collapse
|