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Bozkurt Z, Şahin Akboğa Ö. The Relationship of Perioperative Inadvertent Hypothermia with Anxiety and Comfort. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2024. [PMID: 38394137 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the relationship of perioperative inadvertent hypothermia with anxiety and thermal and general comfort in surgical patients. Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia occurs after surgery and affects many patient outcomes. However, the relationship between hypothermia and anxiety has been given little attention. The research is of descriptive type. A total of 117 surgical patients who met the inclusion criteria were sampled and divided into two groups: hypothermic (n = 54) and normothermic (n = 63). Patients undergoing surgery were monitored for body temperature, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, pain intensity, anxiety (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] and State Anxiety Scale [SAI]), and comfort (Perianesthesia Comfort Questionnaire) levels. The groups were similar in terms of descriptive characteristics (p > 0.05). Among the patients undergoing surgical intervention, 46.1% were hypothermic. Compared with the normothermic group, the hypothermic group had significantly lower body temperature until the second postoperative hour, lower thermal comfort score until the third postoperative hour, and higher heart rate and anxiety (NRS) score until the first postoperative day. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of pain intensity up to the first 30 minutes after surgery (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of pre and postoperative day one anxiety (SAI) and Periantesthesia Comfort Scale mean scores (p > 0.05). The study findings showed that hypothermia affected thermal comfort up to the first 3 hours after surgery, pain intensity up to the first 30 minutes, and heart rate and anxiety (NRS) levels up to the first day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Bozkurt
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Yozgat Bozok, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Özlem Şahin Akboğa
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Yozgat Bozok, Yozgat, Turkey
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Uçak A, Tat Çatal A, Karadağ E, Cebeci F. The Effect of Prewarming on Perioperative Hypothermia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. J Perianesth Nurs 2024:S1089-9472(23)01046-8. [PMID: 38340096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the methods for maintaining perioperative normothermia is prewarming. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a preoperative prewarming intervention on perioperative body temperature. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A literature review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Science Direct, Springer Link, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid databases. Randomized controlled trials that investigate the effect of prewarming on body temperature in the prevention of perioperative hypothermia were included. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration "risk of bias" tool. Meta-analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2. Moderator analysis and publication bias assessment were performed. Funnel plots were analyzed using Orwin's fail-safe N, Trim, and Fill test method to investigate the source of heterogeneity. FINDINGS A total of 907 studies were found. The systematic review included 27 studies. Of these, 23 were included in the intraoperative meta-analysis, and 16 were included in the postoperative meta-analysis. According to the meta-analysis results, the prewarming intervention was effective in maintaining normothermia in the intraoperative (Hedge's g = 0.972, 95% confidence intervaI = 0.674 to 1.270) and postoperative (Hedge's g = 0.818, 95% confidence intervaI = 0.520 to 1.114) periods. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis showed that preoperative prewarming played a significant role in providing and maintaining perioperative normothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Uçak
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Arzu Tat Çatal
- Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Engin Karadağ
- Faculty of Education, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Cebeci
- Faculty of Nursing, Head of the Surgical Nursing Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Xiong Z, Zhu J, Li Q, Li Y. The effectiveness of warming approaches in preventing perioperative hypothermia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Pract 2023; 29:e13100. [PMID: 36059201 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess if experimental warming interventions are superior to routine warming interventions in preventing perioperative hypothermia. BACKGROUND Perioperative hypothermia is a critical issue for the complications of surgery. There are various kinds of perioperative warming interventions, including experimental and routine warming interventions. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis for the randomized clinical trials of experimental warming interventions vs. routine warming interventions in the perioperative period. FINDINGS A total of 15 studies were included with 983 participants allocated to experimental warming interventions and 939 controls with routine warming interventions, who were receiving a variety of surgeries. The focused outcome was the intraoperative and postoperative body temperature. All included studies were randomized clinical trials. Among the participants receiving operations, the meta-analysis showed that routine warming intervention groups experienced lower intraoperative and postoperative body temperatures compared to the experimental warming groups. The meta-analysis results included positive mean differences, significant tests for overall effect and significant heterogeneity in the random-effects model. CONCLUSIONS In spite of significant heterogeneity, experimental warming interventions are likely to demonstrate superior warming effects when compared to routine warming interventions, as shown by the current meta-analysis results of randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Xiong
- Department Clean Operating, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Qinghai Xining, China
| | - Jiehong Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Qihong Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Operation Room, Jinan Maternity & Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Şahin Akboğa Ö, Gürkan A. Effects of Active Heating Methods on Body Temperature, Shivering, Thermal Comfort, Pain, Nausea and Vomiting During General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023. [PMID: 38011688 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of forced-air warming and heated intravenous (IV) and irrigation fluids alone and in combination on body temperature, shivering, thermal comfort, pain, nausea and vomiting in adult patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia in a prospective, four-group, randomized controlled trial. After induction of anesthesia, 120 patients were divided into the following groups: patients warmed with forced-air warming (n = 30), patients receiving warmed IV and irrigation fluid (n = 30), patients receiving warmed IV and irrigation fluid with forced-air warming (n = 30), and the control group without any intervention (n = 30). Body temperature, shivering, thermal comfort, pain, nausea and vomiting were monitored in the first 24 hours after surgery. The general characteristics of the groups, mean body temperature, length of stay, ambient temperature, and duration of surgery in the preoperative waiting unit were similar (p > 0.05). Compared with the other groups, patients in the control group had a significant decrease in body temperature from the 30th minute during surgery (p < 0.001), lower body temperature in the first 2 hours and thermal comfort in the first three hours after surgery (p < 0.01), and higher shivering levels in the first hour after surgery (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting (p > 0.05). The study findings showed that normothermia was maintained in all three intervention groups during the surgery and in the first 24 hours after surgery. Moreover, postoperative thermal comfort increased and shivering levels decreased compared with the control group, but pain, nausea and vomiting levels were not affected. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04907617).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysel Gürkan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sahin Akboga O, Dikmen Aydin Y. Barriers and Solutions in Implementing Evidence-Based Recommendations to Prevent Intraoperative Inadvertent Hypothermia: A Qualitative Study. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023. [PMID: 37976212 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to understand the barriers and solutions for operating room (OR) nurses and anesthesiologists to implement evidence-based recommendations to prevent intraoperative inadvertent hypothermia (IIH). A qualitative, inductive, and descriptive study was conducted. This qualitative interview study was conducted face-to-face with 19 participants working in OR units between February and March 2023. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The COREQ checklist was followed. Two main themes and five sub-themes were identified as a result of content analysis. According to the participants, barriers to IIH prevention interventions are caused by individual and organizational inefficiencies and personal opinions, and the main solution is education. Participants reported many factors that hinder IIH prevention practices. The individual characteristics of OR staff and the opinions and behavior of the institution are very important for IIH prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Sahin Akboga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Yozgat Bozok, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Yesım Dikmen Aydin
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
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Güven B, İbrahimoğlu Ö, Kuş İ. Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia in Ambulatory Surgery Patients: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prevention Initiatives. J Perianesth Nurs 2023; 38:792-798. [PMID: 37269277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the number and complexity of ambulatory surgical interventions has grown considerably over the years, it has not been fully established whether hypothermia still poses a risk for these interventions. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and methods applied to prevent perioperative hypothermia in ambulatory surgery patients. DESIGN A descriptive research design was used. METHODS The study was conducted with 175 patients between May 2021 and March 2022 in the outpatient units of a training and research hospital in Mersin, Turkey. Data were collected using the Patient Information and Follow-up Form. FINDINGS The incidence of perioperative hypothermia was 20% in ambulatory surgery patients. Hypothermia developed in 13.7% of the patients at the 0th minute at the PACU, and 96.6% of the patients were not warmed intraoperatively. We noted a statistically significant relationship between perioperative hypothermia and advanced age (≥60 years), high American Society of Anesthesiologists' (ASA) class, and low hematocrit values. In addition, we determined that the female gender, presence of chronic diseases, general anesthesia, and a long operation time were other risk factors for hypothermia in the perioperative period. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of hypothermia during ambulatory surgeries is lower than that in inpatient surgeries. The warming rate of ambulatory surgery patients, which is quite low, can be improved by increasing the awareness of the perioperative team and following the guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Güven
- Faculty of Health Sciences-Nursing, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Özlem İbrahimoğlu
- Faculty of Health Science-Nursing, Istanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İlknur Kuş
- Mersin City Training and Research Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
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Chen F, Lian A. The Effect of Temperature Chain Management Scheme During da Vinci Robot-Assisted Radical Resection of Urological Tumor. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2023. [PMID: 37751189 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the effect of the temperature chain management scheme on inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH) during robot-assisted radical resection of urological tumors. Fifty male patients who underwent elective robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) or robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) surgery from February 2022 to March 2023 in a teaching hospital were enrolled and randomized to receive either intraoperative warming, including forced-air warming blanket and prewarming fluid (group C) or the temperature chain management involving an active warming bunch covering the whole perioperative period (group T). Comparing the core temperature, IPH rates, the incidence of shivering, recovery from anesthesia, and thermal between the two groups. Perioperative core temperature of group T was higher compared with group C (p < 0.05); IPH rates and the incidence of shivering in postanesthesia care unit (PACU) of group T were lower compared with group C (p < 0.05); group T scored higher in thermal comfort compared with group C after PACU 15 minutes, after PACU 30 minutes, and when leaving the PACU (p < 0.05); group T took shorter time on recovering from anesthesia (p < 0.05). Temperature chain management could reduce IPH and postoperative complications during RARP and RARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Chen
- Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ailing Lian
- Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Okgün Alcan A, Aygün H, Kurt C. Resistive Warming Mattress, Forced-Air Warming System, or a Combination of the Two in the Prevention of Intraoperative Inadvertent Hypothermia: A Randomized Trial. J Perianesth Nurs 2023:S1089-9472(22)00595-0. [PMID: 37031060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prevent intraoperative inadvertent hypothermia (IIH), resistive products and forced-air warming systems are often used simultaneously. There is insufficient evidence to show whether this application is clinically more effective than a single active warming device. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy a single intraoperative active warming method with combined methods in IIH prevention. DESIGN A randomized, prospective, experimental study. METHODS This study was conducted between June and October 2021 in the operating room of a training and research hospital. The study sample consisted of 123 patients who underwent scheduled orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia, were young (18-64), and had an ASA risk score of I to III. The patients were divided into three groups preoperatively according to the stratified randomization technique. To prevent IIH, a resistive warming mattress was used in group 1; a forced-air warming system was used in group 2; and a combination of the two methods were used in group 3. The body temperatures of the patients were measured and recorded every 15 minutes from admission to the operating room until the end of surgery. FINDINGS The mean intraoperative body temperature of the patients was 36.6±0.15˚C for group 1; 36.6±0.1˚C for Group 2 and 36.6 ± 0.15˚C for Group 3. There was no difference between the groups in terms of body temperature. The overall incidence of IIH was 8.1%; 9.8% in group 1, 9.8% in group 2 and 4.9% in group 3. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of IIH (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the efficacy of using resistive warming mattress and forced-air warming systems in preventing IIH. The use of both methods together made no difference in terms of IIH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliye Okgün Alcan
- Surgical Nursing Department, Izmir Bakircay University Faculty of Health Sciences, İzmir, Tuerkey.
| | - Hakan Aygün
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, İzmir Provincial Health Directorate Bakırçay University Çiğli Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Cengizhan Kurt
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Izmir Bakircay University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
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EVREN ŞAHİN K, SÖZBİLEN MC. Çocuk Hastanesinde Perioperatif Hipotermi Sıklığı ve Predispozan Faktörler. Acta Med Alanya 2022. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.1122479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Perioperative hypothermia is more common in pediatric patients than in adult patients due to increased body surface area/weight ratio and limited subcutaneous fat deposits. Therefore, active and passive warming techniques are used more frequently in the surgeries applied to pediatric patients. This study presents the prevalence of perioperative hypothermia and the predisposing conditions for perioperative hypothermia in pediatric orthopedic surgeries in which active and passive warming techniques are applied.
Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study included 102 children admitted to the pediatric orthopedic clinic of a children’s hospital. Temperature measurements were made with a calibrated infrared tympanic thermometer in all cases while they were waiting in the service room, when they entered the operation theater, when they left the operation theater, and when they left the postoperative care unit. Their demographic data, hemogram, and thyroid hormone parameters, preoperative fasting times related to the procedure, and temperature were recorded. Also, the humidity and temperature values of the operating theater, the operation type performed, the anesthesia method applied during the operation, the complications encountered, and the time spent in the operating theater were all recorded in their follow-up forms. Data analysis was done using SPSS V21.0 and was conducted at a 95% confidence interval.
Results: Hypothermia was observed in 20,58% of 102 patients included in the study. Predisposing factors were determined for perioperative hypothermia as follows; the patient's American Society of Anesthesiologists risk score is above 1, concomitant diagnosis of cerebral palsy, low hemoglobin level in the preoperative period, fasting longer than 8 hours, the low body temperature of the patient in the service room, long time stayed in the operating room, and different humidity values of the operating theatre.
Conclusion: Although active and passive warming techniques are applied during the operation, perioperative hypothermia was observed in 20,58% of pediatric patients who underwent the orthopedic operation. Consideration of predisposing factors together with active and passive warming techniques may reduce the incidence of perioperative hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra EVREN ŞAHİN
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İZMİR DR. BEHÇET UZ ÇOCUK HASTALIKLARI VE CERRAHİSİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ
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Işıklı AG, Fındık ÜY. Determining the Effectiveness of Forced-Air Warming Blankets in Maintaining Postoperative Body Temperature: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Perianesth Nurs 2022; 37:533-539. [PMID: 35012871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of forced-air warming blankets in normalizing body temperature in the postoperative period. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial METHODS: The study sample consisted of patients (N = 67) who underwent lung lobectomy in the Thoracic Surgery Service of a university hospital. Forced-air warming blankets were used in the treatment group and 100% cotton blankets were used in the control group. Patients' body temperatures were monitored using a tympanic thermometer until it reached 37°C. FINDINGS The body temperature of the patients in the treatment group reached 37°C in a shorter time than that of the patients in the control group (52.27 ± 29.79 min and 139.0 ± 81.93 min, respectively; P < .001), and that the perception of comfort of the patients in the treatment and control groups increased (P < .001) after warming. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that forced-air warming blankets are used for patients undergoing lung lobectomy in order to reach normal body temperature in a shorter time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Gökce Işıklı
- Trakya University, Balkan Campus, Health Research and Practice Centre of Trakya University, Thoracic Surgery Department, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Ümmü Yıldız Fındık
- Trakya University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department, Trakya University Balkan Campus, Edirne, Turkey
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Li Y, Wang D. Effects of different insulation temperatures of an inflatable insulation system on patients receiving right hemicolectomy using the laparoscopic caudal approach. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2022; 76:395-401. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2022-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The study assesses the effects of different insulation temperatures of an inflatable insulation system on right hemicolectomy.
Materials and Methods
A total of 132 patients receiving right hemicolectomy using the laparoscopic caudal approach were randomly divided into four groups. The inflatable insulation system was used immediately after they entered the operating room. The perioperative core body temperature, blood coagulation index, stress index, recovery time from anesthesia, and postoperative BIS recovery were recorded 5 minutes before induction of anesthesia (T0), immediately (T1), 30 minutes (T2), 60 minutes (T3), and 120 minutes after induction of general anesthesia (T4), and at the end of operation (T5).
Results
Group C had significantly lower IL1, IL-6, IL-23, IL-13, IL-17A, TNF-α, and CRP levels but a higher IL-12 level than those of other three groups (P < 0.05). The MAP and HR values of groups A and C were significantly lower than those of groups B and D at T2, T3 and T4, which were lowest in group C (P < 0.05). The blood glucose levels of groups A and C during and after operation were lower than those of groups B and D, being lowest in group C (P < 0.05). The anesthesia recovery time and extubation time of groups A and C were shorter than those of groups B and D, being shortest in group C (P < 0.05). The time from discontinuation to BIS>80 of group C was significantly shorter than those of other three groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Comprehensive insulation (43°C automatically adjusted to 38°C after 1 hour) exerts satisfactory effects on right hemicolectomy.
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Varner KL, Hines CB. Reducing Hypothermia After Cardiac Ablation Using the ASPAN Normothermia Guidelines. J Perianesth Nurs 2022; 37:162-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Li C, Zhao B, Li L, Na G, Lin C. Analysis of the Risk Factors for the Onset of Postoperative Hypothermia in the Postanesthesia Care Unit. J Perianesth Nurs 2021; 36:238-242. [PMID: 33583724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies on hypothermia typically focused on a single anesthesia method or a particular surgical procedure. Although there are multiple risk factors leading to hypothermia, such as the use of cold solutions or nonhumidified and nonheated anesthetic gases, few studies have reported the incidence of postoperative hypothermia among patients in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). DESIGN This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgery and were admitted to the PACU immediately after surgery at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, from September 2018 to March 2019. METHODS Patient data were collected and analyzed in two groups to understand the factors affecting the occurrence of hypothermia. Hypothermia was defined as a core temperature of less than 36°C. On the basis of body temperature, patients in the PACU were divided into hypothermic and nonhypothermic groups. Factors influencing hypothermia were studied by the univariate method, followed by logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors for hypothermia onset. FINDINGS Of a total of 1,788 patients were enrolled in the study, 113 (6.32%) exhibited hypothermia (<36°C) in the PACU. The hypothermic and nonhypothermic groups displayed significant differences (P < .05) in the anesthesia method used as well as the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical classification status. The body temperature at the time the patients were admitted to the operating room influenced the occurrence of postoperative hypothermia (P < .01). These parameters were recognized as independent risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in the PACU. CONCLUSIONS Significant risk factors for the onset of hypothermia were general anesthesia and higher American Society of Anesthesiologists grade. However, epidural anesthesia was found to have a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, P.R. China
| | - Guiya Na
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, P.R. China
| | - Caizhao Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
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