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Majima-Horiuchi H, Komine-Aizawa S, Karasaki-Suzuki M, Izumi Y, Aizawa S, Hayakawa S. Synergistic induction of interferon-γ by interleukin-2, interleukin-12 and poly(I:C) in a human natural killer cell line. Immunol Med 2018; 41:136-141. [DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2018.1531193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Majima-Horiuchi
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Majima Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shihoko Komine-Aizawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Karasaki-Suzuki
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Izumi
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Aizawa
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang X, Fu X, Dong M, Yang Z, Wu S, Ma M, Li Z, Wang X, Li L, Li X, Sun Z, Chang Y, Nan F, Yan J, Mao Y, Zhang M, Chen Q. Conserved cell populations in doxorubicin-resistant human nasal natural killer/T cell lymphoma cell line: super multidrug resistant cells? Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:150. [PMID: 30302057 PMCID: PMC6167813 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) is a distinct clinicopathological entity and EBV-associated disease that is highly aggressive. Many patients had failed to respond to conventional chemotherapy or relapsed after treatment. Multi-drug resistance is a major cause that leads to these desperate failures. However, the specific mechanism of drug resistance is still unclear. Methods In the previous study, we firstly developed a doxorubicin-resistant ENKL cell line known as SNK-6/ADM, and then a small quantity of side population (SP) cells were derived from SNK-6/ADM and named SNK-6/ADM-SP. In order to explore the biological characteristics and mechanism of drug-resistance of these cells, SNK-6, SNK-6/ADM and SNK-6/ADM-SP cells were utilized to evaluate potentially differences of chemotherapy resistance index (RI), morphology, proliferation, cell cycles, expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters (ABCG1, ABCG2 and ABCC4) and surface markers, cytokine sensitivity, and situation of EBV infection. Results We identified SNK-6/ADM-SP is a specific multidrug resistant cell population with a higher level of RI than SNK-6/ADM. Relevant evaluations showed that SNK-6/ADM-SP presented a series of conserved biological behaviors including relatively poor proliferation ability, high expression of ABCG2, weak sensitivity to IL-15 which could stimulate normal ENKL cells’ proliferation and differentiation, and EBV inhibition with low level of EBV-DNA replication and EBV-antigen expression. Conclusions This discovered cellular heterogeneity of ENKL could provide a new perspective to better understand the mechanisms of drug resistance and overcome elusive response to chemotherapy of ENKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Dong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Mijing Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Nan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqin Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Mao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Νo. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan People's Republic of China
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Sahm C, Schönfeld K, Wels WS. Expression of IL-15 in NK cells results in rapid enrichment and selective cytotoxicity of gene-modified effectors that carry a tumor-specific antigen receptor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1451-61. [PMID: 22310931 PMCID: PMC11029748 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells hold promise for adoptive cancer immunotherapy but are dependent on cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2 for growth and cytotoxicity. Here, we investigated the consequences of ectopic expression of IL-15 in human NK cells. IL-2 and IL-15 belong to the common γ chain family of cytokines and have overlapping activities. Transduction of clinically applicable NK-92 cells with lentiviral vectors encoding human IL-15 resulted in predominantly intracellular expression of the cytokine, and STAT5 activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity of the producer cells in the absence of IL-2. Growth of non-transduced bystander cells was not supported, allowing rapid enrichment of gene-modified cells solely by IL-2 withdrawal. This was also the case upon transduction of NK-92 and NKL cells with a bicistronic lentiviral vector encoding IL-15 and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the pancarcinoma antigen EpCAM. Effector cells co-expressing CAR and IL-15 continued to proliferate in the absence of exogenous cytokines and displayed high and selective cell-killing activity against EpCAM-expressing breast carcinoma cells that were resistant to the natural cytotoxicity of unmodified NK cells. This strategy facilitates rapid isolation and continuous expansion of retargeted NK cells and may extend their potential clinical utility.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule
- Humans
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interleukin-15/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-15/genetics
- Interleukin-15/immunology
- Interleukin-2/immunology
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/therapy
- Melanoma/immunology
- Melanoma/therapy
- Mice
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Sahm
- Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kurt Schönfeld
- Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried S. Wels
- Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Steel JC, Waldmann TA, Morris JC. Interleukin-15 biology and its therapeutic implications in cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2011; 33:35-41. [PMID: 22032984 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is designed to stimulate the immune system to reject and destroy tumors. Recently, interleukin-15 (IL-15), a member of the four α-helix bundle family of cytokines, has emerged as a candidate immunomodulator for the treatment of cancer. IL-15 acts through its specific receptor, IL-15Rα, which is expressed on antigen-presenting dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages. IL-15 exhibits broad activity and induces the differentiation and proliferation of T, B and natural killer (NK) cells. It also enhances the cytolytic activity of CD8(+) T cells and induces long-lasting antigen-experienced CD8(+)CD44(hi) memory T cells. IL-15 stimulates differentiation and immunoglobulin synthesis by B cells and induces maturation of dendritic cells. It does not stimulate immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Tregs). Thus, boosting IL-15 activity could enhance innate and specific immunity and fight tumors. Here we review aspects of IL-15 biology that make it a promising agent for anticancer therapy. We also discuss preclinical models in which IL-15 has demonstrated antitumor activity and highlight ongoing clinical trials of IL-15 in patients with cancer and HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Steel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0562, USA
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Ishii H, Takahara M, Nagato T, Kis LL, Nagy N, Kishibe K, Harabuchi Y, Klein E. Monocytes enhance cell proliferation and LMP1 expression of nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma cells by cell contact-dependent interaction through membrane-bound IL-15. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:48-58. [PMID: 21618217 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NNKTL) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancy with poor prognosis and has distinct histological features characterized by angiocentric and polymorphous lymphoreticular infiltrates including inflammatory cells such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes. Here, we show that the monocytes enhance proliferation as well as LMP1 expression of NNKTL cells by cell contact-dependent interaction through membrane-bound interleukin (IL)-15. We used two EBV-positive NK-cell lines, SNK6 and KAI3, which originated from two patients-SNK6 from a patient with NNKTL and KAI3 from a patient with a severe mosquito allergy. We cocultured the cell lines with granulocytes or monocytes and examined whether proliferation, survival and LMP1 expression of the cells changed. Although cocultured granulocytes did not affect proliferation, survival or LMP1 expression of the cells, cocultured monocytes enhanced both proliferation and LMP1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. These phenomena were not seen when monocytes were placed in a separate chamber. Moreover, the monocyte-inducible proliferation and LMP1 expression were inhibited by treatment with an antibody against IL-15. Furthermore, production of interferon-gamma-inducible protein (IP)-10 were enhanced by coculture with monocytes and were inhibited by the antibody. Immunohistological studies confirmed that a number of infiltrating CD14-positive monocytes contacted CD56-positive lymphoma cells in all of 20 NNKTL tissues tested. These results suggest that monocytes enhance cell growth as well as LMP1 expression of NNKTL cells by cell contact-dependent interaction through membrane-bound IL-15. In the microenvironment of NNKTL tissue, a positive feedback loop of interaction between lymphoma cells and monocytes may be present and contribute to lymphoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Ishii
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Malamut G, El Machhour R, Montcuquet N, Martin-Lannerée S, Dusanter-Fourt I, Verkarre V, Mention JJ, Rahmi G, Kiyono H, Butz EA, Brousse N, Cellier C, Cerf-Bensussan N, Meresse B. IL-15 triggers an antiapoptotic pathway in human intraepithelial lymphocytes that is a potential new target in celiac disease-associated inflammation and lymphomagenesis. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:2131-43. [PMID: 20440074 DOI: 10.1172/jci41344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma is a severe complication of celiac disease (CD). One mechanism suggested to underlie its development is chronic exposure of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) to potent antiapoptotic signals initiated by IL-15, a cytokine overexpressed in the enterocytes of individuals with CD. However, the signaling pathway by which IL-15 transmits these antiapoptotic signals has not been firmly established. Here we show that the survival signals delivered by IL-15 to freshly isolated human IELs and to human IEL cell lines derived from CD patients with type II refractory CD (RCDII) - a clinicopathological entity considered an intermediary step between CD and enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma - depend on the antiapoptotic factors Bcl-2 and/or Bcl-xL. The signals also required IL-15Rbeta, Jak3, and STAT5, but were independent of PI3K, ERK, and STAT3. Consistent with these data, IELs from patients with active CD and RCDII contained increased amounts of Bcl-xL, phospho-Jak3, and phospho-STAT5. Furthermore, incubation of patient duodenal biopsies with a fully humanized human IL-15-specific Ab effectively blocked Jak3 and STAT5 phosphorylation. In addition, treatment with this Ab induced IEL apoptosis and wiped out the massive IEL accumulation in mice overexpressing human IL-15 in their gut epithelium. Together, our results delineate the IL-15-driven survival pathway in human IELs and demonstrate that IL-15 and its downstream effectors are meaningful therapeutic targets in RCDII.
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Srivastava BIS, Srivastava MD. Establishment and characterization of SRIK-NKL: a novel CD8+ natural killer/T cell line derived from a patient with leukemic phase of acute lymphoblastic lymphoma. Leuk Res 2005; 29:771-83. [PMID: 15927673 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2004.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2004] [Accepted: 12/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The distinction between T cells and NK cells is difficult, and becoming more complex, as the diversity of the human lymphocyte repertoire is evident. We report the establishment of a permanent CD8+ NK/T cell line (SRIK-NKL) from a patient with leukemic phase of acute lymphoblastic lymphoma having characteristics of both NK and T cells, and extensively describe its phenotype, including cytotoxic activity, NK cell receptor expression, and other molecules critical for immune function. We further compare SRIK-NKL to other available NK/NK-T cell lines. SRIK-NKL may be useful for studying NK cell development, functions, and modulation, leading to novel strategies for treatment of autoimmune disease, infection, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bejai I S Srivastava
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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