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Fan T, Yang S, Huang Z, Wang W, Guo X, Pan S, Zhang B, Xu Y, Fang Y, Mao Z, Hu H, Geng Q. Autophagy decreases alveolar epithelial cell injury by regulating the release of inflammatory mediators. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7982-7995. [PMID: 31960959 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To research the impact of autophagy on alveolar epithelial cell inflammation and its possible mechanism in the early stages of hypoxia, we established a cell hypoxia-reoxygenation model and orthotopic left lung ischemia-reperfusion model. Rat alveolar epithelial cells stably expressing GFP-LC3 were treated with an autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) or an autophagy promoter (rapamycin), followed by hypoxia-reoxygenation treatment for 2, 4, and 6 hr in vitro. In vivo, 20 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (model group: No blocking of the hilum in the left lung; control group: Blocking of the hilum in the left lung for 1 hr with dimethyl sulfoxide lavage; 3-MA group: Blocking of the hilum in the left lung for 1 hr with 100 ml/kg of 3-MA (5 μmol/L) solution lavage; and rapamycin group: Blocking of the hilum in the left lung for 1 hr with 100 ml/kg of rapamycin (250 nmol/L) solution lavage) to establish an orthotopic left lung ischemia model. This study demonstrated that rapamycin significantly suppressed the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway and limited the expression of proinflammatory factors. A contrary result was found after the 3-MA pretreatment. These findings indicate that autophagy reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury by repressing inflammatory signaling pathways in the early stages of hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy could be a new protective method for application in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixin Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shize Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Boyou Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangfan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Matsuo S, Chaung A, Liou D, Wang P, Yang WL. Inhibition of ubiquitin-activating enzyme protects against organ injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G283-G292. [PMID: 29771572 PMCID: PMC6139649 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00024.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) occurs in various clinical settings, such as transplantation, acute mesenteric arterial occlusion, trauma, and shock. I/R injury causes severe systemic inflammation, leading to multiple organ dysfunction associated with high mortality. The ubiquitin proteasome pathway has been indicated in the regulation of inflammation, particularly through the NF-κB signaling pathway. PYR-41 is a small molecular compound that selectively inhibits ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1. A mouse model of intestinal I/R injury by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min was performed to evaluate the effect of PYR-41 treatment on organ injury and inflammation. PYR-41 was administered intravenously at the beginning of reperfusion. Blood and organ tissues were harvested at 4 h after reperfusion. PYR-41 treatment improved the morphological structure of gut and lung after I/R, as judged by hematoxylin and eosin staining. It also reduced the number of apoptotic terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling-positive cells and caspase-3 activity in the organs. PYR-41 treatment decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β as well as chemokines keratinocyte chemoattractant and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in the gut and lung, which leads to inhibition of neutrophils infiltrating into these organs. The serum levels of IL-6, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase were reduced by the treatment. The IκB degradation in the gut increased after I/R was inhibited by PYR-41 treatment. Thus, ubiquitination may be a potential therapeutic target for treating patients suffering from intestinal I/R. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Excessive inflammation contributes to organ injury from intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in many clinical conditions. NF-κB signaling is very important in regulating inflammatory response. In an experimental model of gut I/R injury, we demonstrate that administration of a pharmacological inhibitor of ubiquitination process attenuates NF-κB activation, leading to reduction of inflammation, tissue damage, and apoptosis in the gut and lungs. Therefore, ubiquitination process may serve as a therapeutic target for treating patients with intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Matsuo
- 1Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Andrew Chaung
- 1Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Deanna Liou
- 1Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Ping Wang
- 1Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York,2Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| | - Weng-Lang Yang
- 1Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York,2Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
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Arshid S, Tahir M, Fontes B, de Souza Montero EF, Castro MS, Sidoli S, Roepstorff P, Fontes W. High performance mass spectrometry based proteomics reveals enzyme and signaling pathway regulation in neutrophils during the early stage of surgical trauma. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 11. [PMID: 27672009 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In clinical conditions trauma is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Neutrophils play a key role in the development of multiple organ failure after trauma EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To have a detailed understanding of the neutrophil activation at primary stages after trauma, neutrophils are isolated from control and surgical trauma rats in this study. Extracted proteins are analyzed using nano liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 2924 rat neutrophil proteins are identified in our analysis, of which 393 are found differentially regulated between control and trauma groups. By using functional pathways analysis of the 190 proteins up-regulated in surgical trauma, we found proteins related to transcription initiation and protein biosynthesis. On the other hand, among the 203 proteins down-regulated in surgical trauma we found enrichment for proteins of the immune response, proteasome degradation and actin cytoskeleton. Overall, enzyme prediction analysis revealed that regulated enzymes are directly involved in neutrophil apoptosis, directional migration and chemotaxis. Our observations are then confirmed by in silico protein-protein interaction analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Collectively, our results reveal that neutrophils drastically regulate their biochemical pathways after the early stages of surgical trauma, showing lower activity. This implies higher susceptibility of the trauma patients to infection and bystander tissues damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Arshid
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil.,Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM-62), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Belchor Fontes
- Laboratory of Surgical Physiopathology (LIM-62), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana S Castro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Roepstorff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
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Zhang R, He GZ, Wang YK, Zhou KG, Ma EL. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit the increase in cytokines and chemotactic factors induced in vitro by lymph fluid from an intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Nutrition 2014; 31:508-14. [PMID: 25701342 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the active factors and the intervention effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) during intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which causes the inflammation of monocytes-macrophages cultured in lymph fluid and stimulated with ω-3 PUFAs. METHODS Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into the following two groups: A. (N + D) group and B. (I/R + D) group. The rats in the (N + D) group were drained of lymph for 180 min; the rats in the (I/R + D) group were subjected to 60 min ischemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery followed by 120 min reperfusion and 180 min of lymph draining. Lymph fluid from each group was further divided into 4 subgroups, respectively: lymph group (A1, B1); eicosopentaenoic acid (EPA)-treated group (A2, B2); EPA + docosahexaeonic acid (DHA)-treated group (A3, B3); and DHA-treated group (A4, B4), then cultured monocyte-macrophage cell line. RESULTS The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-6, soluble cell adhesion molecule-1, chemotactic factors macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and high mobility group box protein 1 in the B1 group were significantly higher than in the A1 group. Importantly, addition of EPA, EPA + DHA, and DHA to the culture media significantly reduced the levels of the above-mentioned factors. Cell stimulation with EPA, EPA + DHA, and DHA also significantly decreased the expression of Toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor-κB p65, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 with the combined treatment of EPA and DHA showing the strongest effect. CONCLUSIONS The factors induced in lymph during intestinal I/R injury can cause inflammation in vitro. These data provide in vitro evidence that ω-3 PUFAs provide a protective effect by reducing the inflammatory response caused by intestinal I/R lymph. Moreover, the synergism of EPA and DHA had the greatest effect, which is possibly mediated through Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κB p65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-zhen He
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-kang Wang
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-guo Zhou
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - En-ling Ma
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Kandilis AN, Karidis NP, Kouraklis G, Patsouris E, Vasileiou I, Theocharis S. Proteasome inhibitors: possible novel therapeutic strategy for ischemia–reperfusion injury? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013; 23:67-80. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2013.840287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos N Kandilis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery,
Athens, Greece
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, First Department of Pathology,
Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos P Karidis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, First Department of Pathology,
Athens, Greece
- Freeman Hospital NHS, Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery,
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gregory Kouraklis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery,
Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Patsouris
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, First Department of Pathology,
Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Vasileiou
- Laikon General Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology,
Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, First Department of Pathology,
75, Mikras Asias street, Goudi, Athens, GR11527, Greece ;
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Bach HH 4th, Laporte HM, Wong YM, Gamelli RL, Majetschak M. Proteasome inhibition prolongs survival during lethal hemorrhagic shock in rats. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013; 74:499-507. [PMID: 23354244 DOI: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31827d5db2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence suggest that proteasomes, the major nonlysosomal proteases in eukaryotes, are involved in the pathophysiology of various disease processes, including ischemia-reperfusion injury and trauma. Recently, we demonstrated that 26S proteasome activity is negatively regulated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and that proteasome activation during ischemia contributes to myocardial injury. The regulation of tissue proteasome activity by ATP and the potential of proteasomes as drug targets during hemorrhagic shock, however, are unknown. Thus, we evaluated the regulation of tissue proteasome peptidase activity and the effects of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in rat models of hemorrhagic shock. METHODS Series 1 includes animals (n = 20) hemorrhaged to a mean arterial blood pressure of 30 mm Hg for up to 45 minutes. Series 2 includes animals hemorrhaged to a mean arterial blood pressure of 30 mm Hg for 30 minutes, followed by bortezomib (0.4 mg/kg) or vehicle administration (n =5 per group) and fluid resuscitation until 75 minutes. Series 3 includes animals that underwent 40% blood volume hemorrhage, followed by 2% blood volume hemorrhage every 15 minutes until death. Bortezomib (0.4 mg/kg) or vehicle were administered 15 minutes after the onset of hemorrhage (n = 6-7 per group). Vital signs were continuously monitored. The heart, lung, and pectoral muscle were analyzed for proteasome peptidase activities and levels of ATP, ubiquitin-protein conjugates, and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 10). RESULTS In Series 1, proteasome peptidase activities in tissue extracts increased proportional to the decrease in tissue ATP concentrations during hemorrhagic shock. Activation of proteasome peptidase activity with decreases of the ATP assay concentration was also detectable in normal tissue extracts. In Series 2, systemic administration of bortezomib inhibited tissue proteasome activities but did not affect the physiologic response. In Series 3, bortezomib inhibited tissue proteasome activities, increased endogenous ubiquitin-protein conjugates, and prolonged survival time from treatment from 48.5 minutes in the control group to 85 minutes (p = 0.0012). Bortezomib treatment did not affect tissue cytokine levels. CONCLUSION Proteasome activation contributes to the pathophysiology of severe hemorrhagic shock. Pharmacologic inhibition of the proteasome may provide a survival advantage during lethal hemorrhagic shock.
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Li Y, Yao J, Hu X, Fan Z, Huang L, Jing H, Liu K, Tian X. Inhibition of Rho kinase by fasudil hydrochloride attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. Life Sci 2011; 88:104-9. [PMID: 21056587 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Tian XF, Yao JH, Zhang XS, Zheng SS, Guo XH, Wang LM, Wang ZZ, Liu KX. Protective effect of carnosol on lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Surg Today 2010; 40:858-65. [PMID: 20740350 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-009-4170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Carnosol is a phenolic diterpene that has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preconditioning effects of carnosol on lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R). METHODS Rats were divided into control, II/R, and carnosol groups. The II/R model was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1 h and reperfusion at 2, 4, and 6 h after ischemia. The carnosol group received 3 mg/kg carnosol intraperitoneally 1 h before the operation. The rats were then euthanized, and blood and lung specimens were obtained for analysis. RESULTS The II/R induced lung injury, characterized by histological changes and significant increasing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein. The activity of lung tissue superoxide was weakened, the tissue myeloperoxidase activity and serum interleukin-6 level increased significantly in II/R groups. A strong positive expression of lung intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) were observed. Pretreatment with carnosol markedly reduced lung injury by increasing the tissue superoxide activity and decreasing the myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin-6 level, which was parallel to the decreased expression of ICAM-1 and NF-kappaB. CONCLUSION Carnosol was able to ablate lung injury induced by II/R, partly attributed to the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation.
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Abstract
When a tissue becomes ischemic, a host of changes occur at the cellular level that lead to a shift in transcriptional activity of many inflammatory and cytoprotective compounds, a process which is extensively controlled through a family of transcription factors known as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB). This shift in activity paradoxically results in both a cytoprotective effect at the cellular level and upon reperfusion, a generally destructive inflammatory response, a phenomenon referred to as ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. To date, a number of methods of modifying the activity of NF-kappaB through either physiologic or pharmacologic manipulation have been developed and studied in animal models of IR injury and in some cases in human clinical trials. Nearly every method of NF-kappaB antagonism has demonstrated a discrete protective effect allowing investigators to reduce myocardial infarct sizes by 60% and cerebral infarct sizes by 57% relative to untreated control animals. The problem of IR injury is all too common and represents a discrete threat not only to the tissues directly involved in the ischemic event, but also to distal sites as well as is seen in the evolution of acute respiratory distress and severe inflammatory response syndromes. In the course of this review, the nature of NF-kappaB and its involvement in IR injury is examined along with the efficacy of the various NF-kappaB-based investigational treatment developed to date.
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Alexandrova A, Petrov L, Georgieva A, Kessiova M, Tzvetanova E, Kirkova M, Kukan M. Effect of copper intoxication on rat liver proteasome activity: relationship with oxidative stress. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2009; 22:354-62. [PMID: 18972400 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Copper toxicity is associated with formation of reactive oxygen species, which are capable to oxidize proteins. The selective removal of the latter by the 20S proteasome is considered an essential part of the cell antioxidant defense system. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether peptidase activities of rat liver proteasomes were affected by chronic (40 mg CuSO(4)/rat/daily with the drinking water for 2 weeks) and acute (20 mg/kg CuSO(4), s.c.) copper treatment. To evaluate the role of proteasome, its inhibitor MG132 was also used. The degree of copper-induced oxidative stress (OS), established by measuring lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and cellular glutathione level, as well as activities of antioxidant enzymes--catalase, superoxide dismutase, and gultathionine peroxidase, depended on the mode of copper administration. Chronic copper administration (mild oxidative stress) did not affect proteasome activities, whereas acute copper treatment (severe oxidative stress) caused a decline in chymotryptic- and tryptic-like activities. The treatment of copper-loaded animals with MG132 did not change copper-induced alterations in the tested indices, except an additional increase in protein oxidation and inhibition of glutathionine peroxidase activity. The results suggested that the in vivo copper-induced oxidative stress was associated with changes in the catalytic activity of proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Free Radical Processes, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. a_alexandrova
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Liu C, Wu Q, Li Q, Liu D, Su H, Shen N, Tai M, Lv Y. Mesenteric lymphatic ducts ligation decreases the degree of gut-induced lung injury in a portal vein occlusion and reperfusion canine model. J Surg Res 2008; 154:45-50. [PMID: 19201426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether the mesenteric lymphatic system could serve as a route of transport by which gut-derived inflammatory mediators contribute to the induction of remote organ injuries is uncertain. We therefore made a gut-induced lung injury canine model by portal vein occlusion and reperfusion (PV O/R) and studied the role of mesenteric lymphatic ducts ligation (ML) to gut-induced lung injury with this model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighteen mongrel dogs were divided into control, PV O/R, and PV O/R + ML groups. Cytokines and endotoxin levels in the portal vein and lymph from thoracic duct in different groups were tested. The permeability, myeloperoxidase activity, and histopathological investigation of intestine and lung were evaluated. RESULTS Cytokines and endotoxin levels in the portal vein were significantly increased in experimental groups compared with control group (P < 0.05), and that in the lymph from thoracic duct were significantly increased in PV O/R group compared with control and PV O/R + ML group (P < 0.05). Lung permeability and MPO activity in PV O/R group were significantly higher than those in control and PV O/R + ML group (P < 0.05); intestinal permeability in experimental groups were significantly higher with respect to control group. The lung injury score in PV O/R group was significantly higher than those in control and PV O/R + ML group (P < 0.05) and the intestinal injury scores in experimental groups were significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The gut-induced lung injury canine model made by PV O/R is successful, and mesenteric lymphatic ducts ligation decreases the degree of gut-induced lung injury in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
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Alexandrova A, Petrov L, Georgieva A, Kessiova M, Tzvetanova E, Kirkova M, Kukan M. Effect of MG132 on proteasome activity and prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Hepatol Res 2008; 38:393-401. [PMID: 17927769 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2007.00270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous studies have shown that proteasome inhibitors exerted protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of brain, heart, kidney and intestine. The aim of the present study was to investigate: (i) whether the proteasome inhibitor MG132 protects rat liver against IRI; and (ii) whether MG132 modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to warm IRI. METHODS The left lateral and medial lobes (approximately 70% of the total liver volume) of livers of male Wistar rats were subjected to 30-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in the plasma. Proteasome chymotryptic-like (ChT-L) activity, levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (PC) and glutathione (GSH), as well as superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathionine peroxidase and glutathionine reductase activities were measured in liver fractions. RESULTS Thirty-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion increased liver TBARS and PC, CAT and SOD activities, but decreased GSH level. Ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress was exacerbated in mitochondria, indicating that these organelles are the preferential target of IRI. Plasma LDH and AST levels were decreased by MG132 during both ischemia and reperfusion, while ALT values were decreased only after 30 min of reperfusion. MG132 did not significantly affect liver TBARS and GSH levels, but it increased PC and decreased ChT-L activity; the activities of CAT and SOD were also decreased. CONCLUSIONS MG132 exerts a protective effect during the early phase of reperfusion and it modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to warm IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Free Radical Processes, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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