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Tan K, Xu P, Huang L, Luo C, Huang J, Fazhan H, Kwan KY. Effects of bivalve aquaculture on plankton and benthic community. Sci Total Environ 2024; 914:169892. [PMID: 38211869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Global human population has increased dramatically over the past 50 years. As a result, marine fisheries and finfish aquaculture have become increasingly unsustainable, driving bivalve aquaculture to become an important food industry for the production of marine animal protein to support the growing market demand for animal protein. It is projected that the rate of bivalve aquaculture expansion will be greatly accelerated in the near future as the human population continues to increase. Although it is generally believed that unfed bivalve aquaculture has less impact on the environment than finfish aquaculture, the rapid expansion of bivalve aquaculture has raised concerns about its potential negative impact, especially on plankton and benthic community. Therefore, there is an urgent need to update the potential effects of bivalve aquaculture on plankton and benthic community. This article reviews the present state of knowledge on environmental issues related to bivalve aquaculture, and discusses potential mitigation measures for the environmental impacts induced by expansion of bivalve aquaculture. This review provides guidance for scientists and farm managers to clarify the current state of research and identify priority research needs for future bivalve aquaculture research. Therefore, specific management strategies can be formulated for the sustainable development and expansion of bivalve aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsoon Tan
- College of Marine Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Centre, Beibu Gulf University, Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Marine Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Centre, Beibu Gulf University, Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Leiheng Huang
- College of Marine Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Centre, Beibu Gulf University, Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Cong Luo
- College of Marine Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Centre, Beibu Gulf University, Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinman Huang
- College of Marine Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Centre, Beibu Gulf University, Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Hanafiah Fazhan
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Kit Yue Kwan
- College of Marine Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Centre, Beibu Gulf University, Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China.
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Lai Q, Ma J, He F, Zhang A, Pei D, Yu M. Current and Future Potential of Shellfish and Algae Mariculture Carbon Sinks in China. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19148873. [PMID: 35886723 PMCID: PMC9322719 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Shellfish and algae mariculture make up an important part of the marine fishery carbon sink. Carbon sink research is necessary to ensure China achieves its goal of carbon neutrality. This study used the material quality assessment method to estimate the carbon sink capacity of shellfish and algae. Product value, carbon storage value, and oxygen release value were used to calculate the economic value of shellfish and algae carbon sequestration. The results showed that the annual average shellfish and algae carbon sink in China was 1.10 million tons from 2003 to 2019, of which shellfish accounted for 91.63%, wherein Crassostreagigas, Ruditapesphilippinarum, and Chlamysfarreri were the main contributors. The annual average economic value of China’s shellfish and algae carbon sequestration was USD 71,303.56 million, and the product value was the main contributor, accounting for 99.11%. The carbon sink conversion ratios of shellfish and algae were 8.37% and 5.20%, respectively, thus making shellfish the aquaculture species with the strongest carbon sink capacity and the greatest carbon sink potential. The estimated growth rate in the shellfish and algae removable carbon sink was 33,900 tons/year in China, but this trend was uncertain. The capacity for carbon sequestration and exchange by aquaculture can be improved by expanding breeding space, promoting multi-level comprehensive breeding modes, and marine artificial upwelling projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Lai
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; (Q.L.); (J.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Jie Ma
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; (Q.L.); (J.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Fei He
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; (Q.L.); (J.M.); (A.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aiguo Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; (Q.L.); (J.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Dongyan Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
| | - Minghui Yu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
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Fan L, Meirong D, Hui L, Jianguang F, Lars ASPLIN, Zengjie J. A physical-biological coupled ecosystem model for integrated aquaculture of bivalve and seaweed in sanggou bay. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lavaud R, Guyondet T, Filgueira R, Tremblay R, Comeau LA. Modelling bivalve culture - Eutrophication interactions in shallow coastal ecosystems. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 157:111282. [PMID: 32658665 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the carrying capacity of ecosystems is crucial to the selection of suitable and sustainable locations for aquaculture farms. In Malpeque Bay (PEI, Canada), the potential expansion of mussel farms has driven a series of numerical modelling studies. We coupled sub-models for sea lettuce, wild and cultured oysters and wild softshell clams to an existing ecosystem model to better understand nutrient dynamics and the carrying capacity of Malpeque Bay. Simulations suggested that competition for nutrients between phytoplankton and sea lettuce and filtration by cultured bivalves predominantly mitigate eutrophication effects. The addition of sea lettuce reduced mussel growth by 2% on average and up to 9% near eutrophic estuaries favouring macroalgae growth. Projected new mussel farms reduced current mussel growth by 2% also, suggesting that the carrying capacity of the bay may not be reached yet. Both current and projected aquaculture activities seemed to have limited effects on natural bivalve growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lavaud
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Center, Moncton, NB, Canada; Marine Affairs Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
| | - Thomas Guyondet
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Center, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Ramón Filgueira
- Marine Affairs Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Réjean Tremblay
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Luc A Comeau
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Center, Moncton, NB, Canada
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Bricker SB, Grizzle RE, Trowbridge P, Rose JM, Ferreira JG, Wellman K, Zhu C, Galimany E, Wikfors GH, Saurel C, Miller RL, Wands J, Rheault R, Steinberg J, Jacob AP, Davenport ED, Ayvazian S, Chintala M, Tedesco MA. Bioextractive Removal of Nitrogen by Oysters in Great Bay Piscataqua River Estuary, New Hampshire, USA. Estuaries Coast 2020; 43:23-38. [PMID: 32021593 PMCID: PMC6997951 DOI: 10.1007/s12237-019-00661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is a challenge to coastal waters around the globe. In many places, nutrient reductions from land-based sources have not been sufficient to achieve desired water quality improvements. Bivalve shellfish have shown promise as an in-water strategy to complement land-based nutrient management. A local-scale production model was used to estimate oyster (Crassostrea virginica) harvest and bioextraction of nitrogen (N) in Great Bay Piscataqua River Estuary (GBP), New Hampshire, USA, because a system-scale ecological model was not available. Farm-scale N removal results (0.072 metric tons acre-1 year-1) were up-scaled to provide a system-wide removal estimate for current (0.61 metric tons year-1), and potential removal (2.35 metric tons year-1) at maximum possible expansion of licensed aquaculture areas. Restored reef N removal was included to provide a more complete picture. Nitrogen removal through reef sequestration was ~ 3 times that of aquaculture. Estimated reef-associated denitrification, based on previously reported rates, removed 0.19 metric tons N year-1. When all oyster processes (aquaculture and reefs) were included, N removal was 0.33% and 0.54% of incoming N for current and expanded acres, respectively. An avoided cost approach, with wastewater treatment as the alternative management measure, was used to estimate the value of the N removed. The maximum economic value for aquaculture-based removal was $105,000 and $405,000 for current and expanded oyster areas, respectively. Combined aquaculture and reef restoration is suggested to maximize N reduction capacity while limiting use conflicts. Comparison of removal based on per oyster N content suggests much lower removal rates than model results, but model harvest estimates are similar to reported harvest. Though results are specific to GBP, the approach is transferable to estuaries that support bivalve aquaculture but do not have complex system-scale hydrodynamic or ecological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne B. Bricker
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Raymond E. Grizzle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, 85 Adams Point Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Philip Trowbridge
- New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- Present address: Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, 79 Elm St, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Julie M. Rose
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460, USA
| | - Joao G. Ferreira
- Department Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Katharine Wellman
- Northern Economics, Inc., 1455 NW Leary Way, Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98107, USA
| | - Changbo Zhu
- Department Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eve Galimany
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460, USA
- Present address: Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pseig. Maritím Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Gary H. Wikfors
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460, USA
| | - Camille Saurel
- Department Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Present address: National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Øroddevej 80, Nykøbing Mors 7900, Denmark
| | | | - James Wands
- HDR | HydroQual, 1200 MacArthur Boulevard, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA
| | - Robert Rheault
- East Coast Shellfish Growers Association, 1121 Mooresfield Road, Wakefield, RI 02879, USA
| | - Jacob Steinberg
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Present address: School of Oceanography, University of Washington, 7616 Latona Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Annie P. Jacob
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Erik D. Davenport
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Suzanne Ayvazian
- EPA, ORD, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Marnita Chintala
- EPA, ORD, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Mark A. Tedesco
- EPA Long Island Sound Office, Government Center, Suite 9-11, 888 Washington Boulevard, Stamford, CT 06904-2152, USA
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Bricker SB, Ferreira JG, Zhu C, Rose JM, Galimany E, Wikfors G, Saurel C, Miller RL, Wands J, Trowbridge P, Grizzle R, Wellman K, Rheault R, Steinberg J, Jacob A, Davenport ED, Ayvazian S, Chintala M, Tedesco MA. Role of Shellfish Aquaculture in the Reduction of Eutrophication in an Urban Estuary. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:173-183. [PMID: 28994282 PMCID: PMC5784850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Land-based management has reduced nutrient discharges; however, many coastal waterbodies remain impaired. Oyster "bioextraction" of nutrients and how oyster aquaculture might complement existing management measures in urban estuaries was examined in Long Island Sound, Connecticut. Eutrophication status, nutrient removal, and ecosystem service values were estimated using eutrophication, circulation, local- and ecosystem-scale models, and an avoided-costs valuation. System-scale modeling estimated that 1.31% and 2.68% of incoming nutrients could be removed by current and expanded production, respectively. Up-scaled local-scale results were similar to system-scale results, suggesting that this up-scaling method could be useful in bodies of water without circulation models. The value of removed nitrogen was estimated using alternative management costs (e.g., wastewater treatment) as representative, showing ecosystem service values of $8.5 and $470 million per year for current and maximum expanded production, respectively. These estimates are conservative; removal by clams in Connecticut, oysters and clams in New York, and denitrification are not included. Optimistically, the calculation of oyster-associated removal from all leases in both states (5% of bottom area) plus denitrification losses showed increases to 10%-30% of annual inputs, which would be higher if clams were included. Results are specific to Long Island Sound, but the approach is transferable to other urban estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joao Gomes Ferreira
- Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Changbo Zhu
- Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Julie M. Rose
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460
| | - Eve Galimany
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460
| | - Gary Wikfors
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460
| | - Camille Saurel
- Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Robin Landeck Miller
- HDR, Inc., 1 International Boulevard, 10th Floor, Suite 1000, Mahwah, NJ 07495-0027
| | - James Wands
- HDR, Inc., 1 International Boulevard, 10th Floor, Suite 1000, Mahwah, NJ 07495-0027
| | | | - Raymond Grizzle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, 85 Adams Point Road, Durham, NH 03824
| | - Katharine Wellman
- Northern Economics, Inc., 1455 NW Leary Way, Suite 400, Seattle WA 98107
| | - Robert Rheault
- East Coast Shellfish Growers Association, 1121 Mooresfield Rd., Wakefield, RI 02879
| | | | - Annie Jacob
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD 20910
| | | | - Suzanne Ayvazian
- EPA, ORD, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882
| | - Marnita Chintala
- EPA, ORD, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882
| | - Mark A. Tedesco
- EPA Long Island Sound Office, Government Center, Suite 9-11, 888 Washington Blvd., Stamford, CT, 06904-2152
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Filgueira R, Guyondet T, Comeau LA, Tremblay R. Bivalve aquaculture-environment interactions in the context of climate change. Glob Chang Biol 2016; 22:3901-3913. [PMID: 27324415 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Coastal embayments are at risk of impacts by climate change drivers such as ocean warming, sea level rise and alteration in precipitation regimes. The response of the ecosystem to these drivers is highly dependent on their magnitude of change, but also on physical characteristics such as bay morphology and river discharge, which play key roles in water residence time and hence estuarine functioning. These considerations are especially relevant for bivalve aquaculture sites, where the cultured biomass can alter ecosystem dynamics. The combination of climate change, physical and aquaculture drivers can result in synergistic/antagonistic and nonlinear processes. A spatially explicit model was constructed to explore effects of the physical environment (bay geomorphic type, freshwater inputs), climate change drivers (sea level, temperature, precipitation) and aquaculture (bivalve species, stock) on ecosystem functioning. A factorial design led to 336 scenarios (48 hydrodynamic × 7 management). Model outcomes suggest that the physical environment controls estuarine functioning given its influence on primary productivity (bottom-up control dominated by riverine nutrients) and horizontal advection with the open ocean (dominated by bay geomorphic type). The intensity of bivalve aquaculture ultimately determines the bivalve-phytoplankton trophic interaction, which can range from a bottom-up control triggered by ammonia excretion to a top-down control via feeding. Results also suggest that temperature is the strongest climate change driver due to its influence on the metabolism of poikilothermic organisms (e.g. zooplankton and bivalves), which ultimately causes a concomitant increase of top-down pressure on phytoplankton. Given the different thermal tolerance of cultured species, temperature is also critical to sort winners from losers, benefiting Crassostrea virginica over Mytilus edulis under the specific conditions tested in this numerical exercise. In general, it is predicted that bays with large rivers and high exchange with the open ocean will be more resilient under climate change when bivalve aquaculture is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Filgueira
- Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Gulf Fisheries Centre, Science Branch, 343 Université Avenue, P.O. Box 5030, Moncton, NB, E1C 9B6, Canada
- Marine Affairs Program, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St., P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 1R2, Canada
| | - Thomas Guyondet
- Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Gulf Fisheries Centre, Science Branch, 343 Université Avenue, P.O. Box 5030, Moncton, NB, E1C 9B6, Canada
| | - Luc A Comeau
- Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Gulf Fisheries Centre, Science Branch, 343 Université Avenue, P.O. Box 5030, Moncton, NB, E1C 9B6, Canada
| | - Réjean Tremblay
- Institut des sciences de la mer (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), 310, allée des Ursulines, CP 3300, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada
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