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Mazarro Serrano E, Díaz-Delgado Menéndez B, Rasero Ponferrada M, Ichaso Ortueta Olartecoechea A, de Inocencio Arocena J. Primary Sjögren syndrome: Only diagnose what is known. An Pediatr (Barc) 2024; 100:289-291. [PMID: 38609802 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jaime de Inocencio Arocena
- Unidad de Reumatología Infantil, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Salud Pública y Materno-Infantil, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Chivasso C, Parisis D, Cabrol X, Datlibagi A, Delforge V, Gregoire F, Bolaky N, Soyfoo MS, Perret J, Delporte C. Involvement of CCL2 in Salivary Gland Response to Hyperosmolar Stress Related to Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:915. [PMID: 38255988 PMCID: PMC10815633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients, salivary gland (SG) epithelial cells (SGECs) could be exposed to chronic hyperosmotic stress (HOS), consecutive to their destruction and deregulation, that exacerbates an inflammatory response. The aims of this study were to assess the mechanism accounting for C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression in an immortalized human salivary gland epithelial acinar cell line (NS-SV-AC) subjected to HOS, as well as the involvement of CCL2 in pSS. CCL2 mRNA and protein levels were determined via RT-qPCR and ELISA. Reporter plasmids and a promoter pull-down assay were used to identify transcription factors associated with CCL2 mRNA increase. Our data showed that HOS-induced CCL2 mRNA increase was independent of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) but involved Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). CCL2 protein levels, quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera samples from pSS patients, correlated with the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology's Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) score for systemic activity. In addition, CCL2 protein levels were higher in patients with biological activity, cutaneous manifestations, and ESSDAI score superior or equal to five. Our data suggest that chronic HOS could exacerbate pSS disease by contributing to the inflammatory process induced by the expression and secretion of CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Chivasso
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Dorian Parisis
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Xavier Cabrol
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Azine Datlibagi
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Valérie Delforge
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Françoise Gregoire
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Nargis Bolaky
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Muhammad Shahnawaz Soyfoo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
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Niazi SK. Anti-Idiotypic mRNA Vaccine to Treat Autoimmune Disorders. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:9. [PMID: 38276668 PMCID: PMC10819008 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The 80+ existing autoimmune disorders (ADs) affect billions with little prevention or treatment options, except for temporary symptomatic management, leading to enormous human suffering and a monumental financial burden. The autoantibodies formed in most ADs have been identified, allowing the development of novel anti-idiotypic antibodies to mute the autoantibodies using vaccines. Nucleoside vaccines have been successfully tested as antigen-specific immunotherapies (ASI), with mRNA technology offering multi-epitope targeting to mute multiple autoantibodies. This paper proposes using mRNA technology to produce anti-idiotypic antibodies with broad effectiveness in preventing and treating them. This paper delves into the state-of-the-art mRNA design strategies used to develop novel ASIs by selecting appropriate T cell and B cell epitopes to generate anti-idiotypic antibodies. The low cost and fast development of mRNA vaccines make this technology the most affordable for the global control of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz K Niazi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60012, USA
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