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Swerdlow NR, Gonzalez CE, Raza MU, Gautam D, Miyakoshi M, Clayson PE, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Talledo J, Thomas ML, Light GA, Sivarao DV. Effects of Memantine on the Auditory Steady-State and Harmonic Responses to 40 Hz Stimulation Across Species. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2024; 9:346-355. [PMID: 37683728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Click trains elicit an auditory steady-state response (ASSR) at the driving frequency (1F) and its integer multiple frequencies (2F, 3F, etc.) called harmonics; we call this harmonic response the steady-state harmonic response (SSHR). We describe the 40 Hz ASSR (1F) and 80 Hz SSHR (2F) in humans and rats and their sensitivity to the uncompetitive NMDA antagonist memantine. METHODS In humans (healthy control participants, n = 25; patients with schizophrenia, n = 28), electroencephalography was recorded after placebo or 20 mg memantine in a within-participant crossover design. ASSR used 1 ms, 85-dB clicks presented in 250 40/s 500-ms trains. In freely moving rats (n = 9), electroencephalography was acquired after memantine (0, 0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg) in a within-participant crossover design; 65-dB click trains used 5-mV monophasic, 1-ms square waves (40/s). RESULTS Across species, ASSR at 1F generated greater evoked power (EP) than the 2F SSHR. 1F > 2F intertrial coherence (ITC) was also detected in humans, but the opposite relationship (ITC: 2F > 1F) was seen in rats. EP and ITC at 1F were deficient in patients and were enhanced by memantine across species. EP and ITC at 2F were deficient in patients. Measures at 2F were generally insensitive to memantine across species, although in humans the ITC harmonic ratio (1F:2F) was modestly enhanced by memantine, and in rats, both the EP and ITC harmonic ratios were significantly enhanced by memantine. CONCLUSIONS ASSR and SSHR are robust, nonredundant electroencephalography signals that are suitable for cross-species analyses that reveal potentially meaningful differences across species, diagnoses, and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Health System, La Jolla, California.
| | - Christopher E Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Muhammad Ummear Raza
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Deepshila Gautam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Peter E Clayson
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Jo Talledo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; VISN 22 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Health System, La Jolla, California.
| | - Digavalli V Sivarao
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
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Dheerendra P, Grent-'t-Jong T, Gajwani R, Gross J, Gumley AI, Krishnadas R, Lawrie SM, Schwannauer M, Schultze-Lutter F, Uhlhaas PJ. Intact Mismatch Negativity Responses in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis and First-Episode Psychosis: Evidence From Source-Reconstructed Event-Related Fields and Time-Frequency Data. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2024; 9:121-131. [PMID: 37778724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined whether mismatch negativity (MMN) responses are impaired in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and whether MMN deficits predict clinical outcomes in CHR-Ps. METHODS Magnetoencephalography data were collected during a duration-deviant MMN paradigm for a group of 116 CHR-P participants, 33 FEP patients (15 antipsychotic-naïve), clinical high risk negative group (n = 38) with substance abuse and affective disorder, and 49 healthy control participants. Analysis of group differences of source-reconstructed event-related fields as well as time-frequency and intertrial phase coherence focused on the bilateral Heschl's gyri and bilateral superior temporal gyri. RESULTS Significant magnetic MMN responses were found across participants in the bilateral Heschl's gyri and bilateral superior temporal gyri. However, MMN amplitude as well as time-frequency and intertrial phase coherence responses were intact in CHR-P participants and FEP patients compared with healthy control participants. Furthermore, MMN deficits were not related to persistent attenuated psychotic symptoms or transitions to psychosis in CHR-P participants. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that magnetic MMN responses in magnetoencephalography data are not impaired in early-stage psychosis and may not predict clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Dheerendra
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruchika Gajwani
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andrew I Gumley
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Krishnadas
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schwannauer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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Zouaoui I, Dumais A, Lavoie ME, Potvin S. Auditory Steady-State Responses in Schizophrenia: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1722. [PMID: 38137170 PMCID: PMC10741772 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis investigates auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) as potential biomarkers of schizophrenia, focusing on previously unexplored clinical populations, frequencies, and variables. We examined 37 studies, encompassing a diverse cohort of 1788 patients with schizophrenia, including 208 patients with first-episode psychosis, 281 at-risk individuals, and 1603 healthy controls. The results indicate moderate reductions in 40 Hz ASSRs in schizophrenia patients, with significantly greater reductions in first-episode psychosis patients and minimal changes in at-risk individuals. These results call into question the expected progression of ASSR alterations across all stages of schizophrenia. The analysis also revealed the sensitivity of ASSR alterations at 40 Hz to various factors, including stimulus type, level of analysis, and attentional focus. In conclusion, our research highlights ASSRs, particularly at 40 Hz, as potential biomarkers of schizophrenia, revealing varied implications across different stages of the disorder. This study enriches our understanding of ASSRs in schizophrenia, highlighting their potential diagnostic and therapeutic relevance, particularly in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Zouaoui
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada; (I.Z.); (A.D.); (M.E.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Dumais
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada; (I.Z.); (A.D.); (M.E.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institut National de Psychiatrie Légale Philippe-Pinel, Montreal, QC H1C 1H1, Canada
| | - Marc E. Lavoie
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada; (I.Z.); (A.D.); (M.E.L.)
- Département de Sciences Humaines, Lettres et Communication, Université TÉLUQ, Montreal, QC G1K 9H6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada; (I.Z.); (A.D.); (M.E.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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Grent-'t-Jong T, Brickwedde M, Metzner C, Uhlhaas PJ. 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses in Schizophrenia: Toward a Mechanistic Biomarker for Circuit Dysfunctions and Early Detection and Diagnosis. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:550-560. [PMID: 37086914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
There is converging evidence that 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are robustly impaired in schizophrenia and could constitute a potential biomarker for characterizing circuit dysfunctions as well as enable early detection and diagnosis. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in 40-Hz ASSRs, drawing on computational, physiological, and pharmacological data with a focus on parameters modulating the balance between excitation and inhibition. We will then summarize findings from electro- and magnetoencephalographic studies in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis, patients with first-episode psychosis, and patients with schizophrenia to identify the pattern of deficits across illness stages, the relationship with clinical variables, and the prognostic potential. Finally, data on genetics and developmental modifications will be reviewed, highlighting the importance of late modifications of 40-Hz ASSRs during adolescence, which are closely related to the underlying changes in GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) interneurons. Together, our review suggests that 40-Hz ASSRs may constitute an informative electrophysiological approach to characterize circuit dysfunctions in psychosis that could be relevant for the development of mechanistic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marion Brickwedde
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Metzner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neural Information Processing Group, Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Langhein M, Lyall AE, Steinmann S, Seitz-Holland J, Nägele FL, Cetin-Karayumak S, Zhang F, Rauh J, Mußmann M, Billah T, Makris N, Pasternak O, O'Donnell LJ, Rathi Y, Leicht G, Kubicki M, Shenton ME, Mulert C. The decoupling of structural and functional connectivity of auditory networks in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:387-399. [PMID: 36083108 PMCID: PMC10399965 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2112974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disrupted auditory networks play an important role in the pathophysiology of psychosis, with abnormalities already observed in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Here, we examine structural and functional connectivity of an auditory network in CHR utilising state-of-the-art electroencephalography and diffusion imaging techniques. METHODS Twenty-six CHR subjects and 13 healthy controls (HC) underwent diffusion MRI and electroencephalography while performing an auditory task. We investigated structural connectivity, measured as fractional anisotropy in the Arcuate Fasciculus (AF), Cingulum Bundle, and Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus-II. Gamma-band lagged-phase synchronisation, a functional connectivity measure, was calculated between cortical regions connected by these tracts. RESULTS CHR subjects showed significantly higher structural connectivity in the right AF than HC (p < .001). Although non-significant, functional connectivity between cortical areas connected by the AF was lower in CHR than HC (p = .078). Structural and functional connectivity were correlated in HC (p = .056) but not in CHR (p = .29). CONCLUSIONS We observe significant differences in structural connectivity of the AF, without a concomitant significant change in functional connectivity in CHR subjects. This may suggest that the CHR state is characterised by a decoupling of structural and functional connectivity, possibly due to abnormal white matter maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Langhein
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda E Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saskia Steinmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johanna Seitz-Holland
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felix L Nägele
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas Rauh
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marius Mußmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tashrif Billah
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren J O'Donnell
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregor Leicht
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Hua L, Adams RA, Grent-'t-Jong T, Gajwani R, Gross J, Gumley AI, Krishnadas R, Lawrie SM, Schultze-Lutter F, Schwannauer M, Uhlhaas PJ. Thalamo-cortical circuits during sensory attenuation in emerging psychosis: a combined magnetoencephalography and dynamic causal modelling study. Schizophrenia (Heidelb) 2023; 9:25. [PMID: 37117187 PMCID: PMC10147678 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that schizophrenia (ScZ) involves impairments in sensory attenuation. It is currently unclear, however, whether such deficits are present during early-stage psychosis as well as the underlying network and the potential as a biomarker. To address these questions, Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used in combination with computational modeling to examine M100 responses that involved a "passive" condition during which tones were binaurally presented, while in an "active" condition participants were asked to generate a tone via a button press. MEG data were obtained from 109 clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) participants, 23 people with a first-episode psychosis (FEP), and 48 healthy controls (HC). M100 responses at sensor and source level in the left and right thalamus (THA), Heschl's gyrus (HES), superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right inferior parietal cortex (IPL) were examined and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was performed. Furthermore, the relationship between sensory attenuation and persistence of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) and transition to psychosis was investigated in CHR-P participants. Sensory attenuation was impaired in left HES, left STG and left THA in FEP patients, while in the CHR-P group deficits were observed only in right HES. DCM results revealed that CHR-P participants showed reduced top-down modulation from the right IPL to the right HES. Importantly, deficits in sensory attenuation did not predict clinical outcomes in the CHR-P group. Our results show that early-stage psychosis involves impaired sensory attenuation in auditory and thalamic regions but may not predict clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Hua
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rick A Adams
- Centre for Medical Image Computing and AI, University College London, 90 High Holborn, London, WC1V 6LJ, UK
- Max Planck-UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, 10-12 Russell Square, London, WC1B 5EH, UK
| | - Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruchika Gajwani
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andrew I Gumley
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rajeev Krishnadas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Arai N, Miyazaki T, Nakajima S, Okamoto S, Moriyama S, Niinomi K, Takayama K, Kato J, Nakamura I, Hirano Y, Kitago M, Kitagawa Y, Takahashi T, Shimizu H, Mimura M, Noda Y. The Association between Electroencephalography with Auditory Steady-State Response and Postoperative Delirium. J Pers Med 2022; 13. [PMID: 36675696 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Delirium is a disorder of consciousness and a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction and poor prognosis. We hypothesized that preoperative gamma activities would be linked to postoperative delirium. We enrolled 71 subjects for elective surgery and recorded auditory steady-state response (ASSR) by electroencephalography (EEG) before the surgery and examined postoperative delirium with DSM-5. The EEG data were analyzed for baseline power, and ASSR evoked power (EP) and phase-locking factor (PLF) within the gamma range. Postoperative delirium was found in 18 patients (delirium group) but not in 53 patients (non-delirium group). There were no significant differences in the 40-Hz EP or PLF between the two groups. The baseline gamma activity negatively correlated with the 40-Hz PLF in the non-delirium group (ρ = −0.444, p < 0.01). The correlation between baseline gamma activity and 40-Hz EP was not significant in either the delirium or non-delirium group. In all patients, both preoperative PLF and EP had no significant correlations with the Delirium Rating Scale Revised-98 and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Measure at the post-operation, respectively. The disruption of the neurophysiological relationship between baseline gamma activity before sound stimuli and the PLF of the 40-Hz ASSR may be one of the potential neurophysiological indicators associated with postoperative delirium.
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Zandbagleh A, Mirzakuchaki S, Daliri MR, Premkumar P, Carretié L, Sanei S. Tensor factorization approach for ERP-based assessment of schizotypy in a novel auditory oddball task on perceived family stress. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 36541455 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aca69f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Schizotypy, a potential phenotype for schizophrenia, is a personality trait that depicts psychosis-like signs in the normal range of psychosis continuum. Family communication may affect the social functioning of people with schizotypy. Greater family stress, such as irritability, criticism and less praise, is perceived at a higher level of schizotypy. This study aims to determine the differences between people with high and low levels of schizotypy using electroencephalography (EEG) during criticism, praise and neutral comments. EEGs were recorded from 29 participants in the general community who varied from low schizotypy to high schizotypy (HS) during a novel emotional auditory oddball task.Approach. We consider the difference in event-related potential parameters, namely the amplitude and latency of P300 subcomponents (P3a and P3b), between pairs of target words (standard, positive, negative and neutral). A model based on tensor factorization is then proposed to detect these components from the EEG using the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC decomposition technique. Finally, we employ the mutual information estimation method to select influential features for classification.Main results.The highest classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 93.1%, 94.73%, and 90% are obtained via leave-one-out cross validation.Significance. This is the first attempt to investigate the identification of individuals with psychometrically-defined HS from brain responses that are specifically associated with perceiving family stress and schizotypy. By measuring these brain responses to social stress, we achieve the goal of improving the accuracy in detection of early episodes of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zandbagleh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sattar Mirzakuchaki
- School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Daliri
- School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Preethi Premkumar
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London Southbank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Carretié
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saeid Sanei
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Onitsuka T, Tsuchimoto R, Oribe N, Spencer KM, Hirano Y. Neuronal imbalance of excitation and inhibition in schizophrenia: a scoping review of gamma-band ASSR findings. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:610-619. [PMID: 36069299 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recent empirical findings suggest that altered neural synchronization, which is hypothesized to be associated with an imbalance of excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) neuronal activities, may underlie a core pathophysiological mechanism in patients with schizophrenia. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) examined by electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for evaluating altered neural synchronization in schizophrenia. For this review, we performed a comprehensive literature search for papers published between 1999 and 2021 examining ASSRs in patients with schizophrenia. Almost all EEG-ASSR studies reported gamma-band ASSR reductions, especially to 40-Hz stimuli both in power and/or phase synchronization in chronic and first-episode schizophrenia. In addition, similar to EEG-ASSR findings, MEG-ASSR deficits to 80-Hz stimuli (high gamma) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, the 40-Hz ASSR is likely to be a predictor of the onset of schizophrenia. Notably, increased spontaneous (or ongoing) broadband (30-100 Hz) gamma power has been reported during ASSR tasks, which resembles the increased spontaneous gamma activity reported in animal models of E/I imbalance. Further research on ASSRs and evoked and spontaneous gamma oscillations is expected to elucidate the pathophysiology of schizophrenia with translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuroimaging Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rikako Tsuchimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoya Oribe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
| | - Kevin M Spencer
- Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02130, USA.,Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02130, USA.,Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Charlton CE, Lepock JR, Hauke DJ, Mizrahi R, Kiang M, Diaconescu AO. Atypical prediction error learning is associated with prodromal symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophrenia (Heidelb) 2022; 8:105. [PMID: 36433979 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Reductions in the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) have been well-demonstrated in schizophrenia rendering it a promising biomarker for understanding the emergence of psychosis. According to the predictive coding theory of psychosis, MMN impairments may reflect disturbances in hierarchical information processing driven by maladaptive precision-weighted prediction errors (pwPEs) and enhanced belief updating. We applied a hierarchical Bayesian model of learning to single-trial EEG data from an auditory oddball paradigm in 31 help-seeking antipsychotic-naive high-risk individuals and 23 healthy controls to understand the computational mechanisms underlying the auditory MMN. We found that low-level sensory and high-level volatility pwPE expression correlated with EEG amplitudes, coinciding with the timing of the MMN. Furthermore, we found that prodromal positive symptom severity was associated with increased expression of sensory pwPEs and higher-level belief uncertainty. Our findings provide support for the role of pwPEs in auditory MMN generation, and suggest that increased sensory pwPEs driven by changes in belief uncertainty may render the environment seemingly unpredictable. This may predispose high-risk individuals to delusion-like ideation to explain this experience. These results highlight the value of computational models for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of psychosis.
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11
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Sun R, Li X, Zhu Z, Li T, Zhao M, Mo L, Li W, Xi X, Huang P, Gong W. Effects of dual-task training in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1027104. [PMID: 36353135 PMCID: PMC9639668 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1027104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence for the efficacy of cognitive-motor dual-task (CMDT) training in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and no dementia is still lacking. More importantly, although some studies on the cognitive effect of CMDT training show an improvement in cognitive performance, the results are still controversial, and the intervention mechanism of CMDT training on cognitive function improvement is not clear. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of CMDT training on cognitive function, neuron electrophysiology, and frontal lobe hemodynamics in patients with PSCI. Methods Here we tested the effects of CMDT training on cognitive function in PSCI patients. Forty subjects who met the criteria of PSCI were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. CMDT training or cognitive task (CT) training was administered to each patient in the experimental and control groups, respectively. All subjects performed Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale before and after the intervention, and the event-related potentials (ERP) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were used to evaluate the changes in neuron electrophysiology and hemodynamics. Results Forty patients were randomized across Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Capital Medical University in Beijing. At the end of the intervention, 33 subjects completed the experimental process. The CMDT group showed significant improvement in the MMSE (P = 0.01) and MoCA (P = 0.024) relative to the CT group. The results of ERP and fNIRS showed that CMDT training could shorten the latency of P300 (P = 0.001) and the peak time of oxygenated hemoglobin (P = 0.004). The results showed that CMDT training shortened the response time of central neurons and significantly increased the rate of oxygen supply to the frontal lobe. Conclusion CMDT training in patients with PSCI improved global cognitive function, which was supported by the improved neural efficiency of associated brain areas. Clinical trial registration http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2000034862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Sun
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziman Zhu
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiancong Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linhong Mo
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenshan Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xi
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peiling Huang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Gong
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weijun Gong
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12
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Karcher NR, Merchant J, Pine J, Kilciksiz CM. Cognitive Dysfunction as a Risk Factor for Psychosis. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 63:173-203. [PMID: 35989398 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The current chapter summarizes recent evidence for cognition as a risk factor for the development of psychosis, including the range of cognitive impairments that exist across the spectrum of psychosis risk symptoms. The chapter examines several possible theories linking cognitive deficits with the development of psychotic symptoms, including evidence that cognitive deficits may be an intermediate risk factor linking genetic and/or neural metrics to psychosis spectrum symptoms. Although there is not strong evidence for unique cognitive markers associated specifically with psychosis compared to other forms of psychopathology, psychotic disorders are generally associated with the greatest severity of cognitive deficits. Cognitive deficits precede the development of psychotic symptoms and may be detectable as early as childhood. Across the psychosis spectrum, both the presence and severity of psychotic symptoms are associated with mild to moderate impairments across cognitive domains, perhaps most consistently for language, cognitive control, and working memory domains. Research generally indicates the size of these cognitive impairments worsens as psychosis symptom severity increases. The chapter points out areas of unclarity and unanswered questions in each of these areas, including regarding the mechanisms contributing to the association between cognition and psychosis, the timing of deficits, and whether any cognitive systems can be identified that function as specific predictors of psychosis risk symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R Karcher
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Jaisal Merchant
- Department of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacob Pine
- Department of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Can Misel Kilciksiz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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13
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Chen-Engerer HJ, Jaeger S, Bondarenko R, Sprengel R, Hengerer B, Rosenbrock H, Mack V, Schuelert N. Increasing the Excitatory Drive Rescues Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance and Mismatch Negativity Deficit Caused by Parvalbumin Specific GluA1 Deletion. Neuroscience 2022; 496:190-204. [PMID: 35750109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Disturbance in synaptic excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) transmission in the prefrontal cortex is considered a critical factor for cognitive dysfunction, a core symptom in schizophrenia. However, the cortical network pathophysiology induced by E/I imbalance is not well characterized, and an effective therapeutic strategy is lacking. In this study, we simulated imbalanced cortical network by using mice with parvalbumin neuron (PV) specific knockout of GluA1 (AMPA receptor subunit 1) (Gria1-PV KO) as an experimental model. Applying high-content confocal imaging and electrophysiological recordings in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), we found structural and functional alterations in the local network of Gria1-PV KO mice. Additionally, we applied electroencephalography (EEG) to assess potential deficits in mismatch negativity (MMN), the standard readout in the clinic for measuring deviance detection and sensory information processing. Gria1-PV KO animals exhibited abnormal theta oscillation and MMN, which is consistent with clinical findings in cognitively impaired patients. Remarkably, we demonstrated that the glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitor, Bitopertin, ameliorates E/I imbalance, hyperexcitability, and sensory processing malfunction in Gria1-PV KO mice. Our results suggest that PV-specific deletion of GluA1 might be an experimental approach for back translating the E/I imbalance observed in schizophrenic patients. Our work offers a systematic workflow to understand the effect of GlyT1 inhibition in restoring cortical network activity from single cells to local brain circuitry. This study highlights that selectively boosting NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory drive to enhance the network inhibitory transmission from interneurons to pyramidal neurons (PYs) is a potential therapeutic strategy for restoring E/I imbalance-associated cognitive-related abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Jung Chen-Engerer
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany.
| | - Stefan Jaeger
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Rimma Bondarenko
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Rolf Sprengel
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research at the Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology at Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Bastian Hengerer
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Holger Rosenbrock
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Volker Mack
- CardioMetabolic Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Niklas Schuelert
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
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14
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Lepock JR, Mizrahi R, Gerritsen CJ, Bagby RM, Maheandiran M, Ahmed S, Korostil M, Kiang M. N400 event-related brain potential and functional outcome in persons at clinical high risk for psychosis: A longitudinal study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:114-121. [PMID: 35037344 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The N400 event-related brain potential (ERP) semantic priming effect is thought to reflect activation by meaningful stimuli of related concepts in semantic memory and has been found to be deficient in schizophrenia. We tested the hypothesis that, among individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, N400 semantic priming deficits predict worse symptomatic and functional outcomes after one year. METHODS We measured N400 semantic priming at baseline in CHR patients (n = 47) and healthy control participants (n = 25) who viewed prime words each followed by a related or unrelated target word, at stimulus-onset asynchronies (SOAs) of 300 or 750 ms. We measured patients' psychosis-like symptoms with the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) Positive subscale, and academic/occupational and social functioning with the Global Functioning (GF):Role and Social scales, respectively, at baseline and one-year follow-up (n = 29). RESULTS CHR patients exhibited less N400 semantic priming than controls across SOAs; planned contrasts indicated this difference was significant at the 750-ms but not the 300-ms SOA. In patients, reduced N400 semantic priming at the 750-ms SOA was associated with lower GF:Social scores at follow-up, and greater GF:Social decrements from baseline to follow-up. Patients' N400 semantic priming was not associated with SOPS Positive or GF:Role scores at follow-up, or change in these from baseline to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In CHR patients, reduced N400 semantic priming at baseline predicted worse social functioning after one year, and greater decline in social functioning over this period. Thus, the N400 may be a useful prognostic biomarker of real-world functional outcome in CHR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Lepock
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cory J Gerritsen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Michael Bagby
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Ahmed
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michele Korostil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Kiang
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Wang B, Zartaloudi E, Linden JF, Bramon E. Neurophysiology in psychosis: The quest for disease biomarkers. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:100. [PMID: 35277479 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic disorders affect 3% of the population at some stage in life, are a leading cause of disability, and impose a great economic burden on society. Major breakthroughs in the genetics of psychosis have not yet been matched by an understanding of its neurobiology. Biomarkers of perception and cognition obtained through non-invasive neurophysiological tools, especially EEG, offer a unique opportunity to gain mechanistic insights. Techniques for measuring neurophysiological markers are inexpensive and ubiquitous, thus having the potential as an accessible tool for patient stratification towards early treatments leading to better outcomes. In this paper, we review the literature on neurophysiological markers for psychosis and their relevant disease mechanisms, mainly covering event-related potentials including P50/N100 sensory gating, mismatch negativity, and the N100 and P300 waveforms. While several neurophysiological deficits are well established in patients with psychosis, more research is needed to study neurophysiological markers in their unaffected relatives and individuals at clinical high risk. We need to harness EEG to investigate markers of disease risk as key steps to elucidate the aetiology of psychosis and facilitate earlier detection and treatment.
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16
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Jiao X, Hu Q, Tang Y, Qian Z, Tong S, Wang J, Sun J. Test-retest reliability of mismatch negativity and gamma-band auditory steady-state response in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:165-174. [PMID: 35030446 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia show widespread impairments in clinical, cognitive and psychosocial functioning. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are two neurophysiological biomarkers widely used to inform diagnosis, guide treatments and track response to interventions in schizophrenia. However, evidence for the test-retest reliability of these indices across multiple sessions in schizophrenia patients remains scarce. In the present study, we included 34 schizophrenia patients (17 females) and obtained duration MMN (dMMN), frequency MMN (fMMN) and 40-Hz ASSR data across three sessions with intervals of 2 days. Event-related spectrum perturbation (ERSP) and inter-trial coherence (ITC) were calculated following Morlet wavelet time-frequency decomposition of ASSR data. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to quantify the reliability of MMN and ASSR measures among the three sessions. We found fair to good reliability for dMMN amplitudes but poor reliability for fMMN amplitudes. For the ASSR measures, ERSP showed good to excellent test-retest reliability while ITC had poor to fair test-retest reliability. In addition, the average of dMMN amplitudes was significantly correlated with that of ERSP across the three sessions. In summary, we established for the first time the short-term test-retest reliability of MMN and ASSR measures in schizophrenia patients. These findings demonstrate that dMMN amplitudes and ERSP of ASSR are reliable indices which may be used in longitudinal observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Jiao
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhenying Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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17
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Ahmed S, Lepock JR, Mizrahi R, Bagby RM, Gerritsen CJ, Korostil M, Light GA, Kiang M. Decreased Gamma Auditory Steady-State Response Is Associated With Impaired Real-World Functioning in Unmedicated Patients at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:400-405. [PMID: 33356513 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420982706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Deficits in synchronous, gamma-frequency neural oscillations may contribute to schizophrenia patients' real-world functional impairment and can be measured electroencephalographically using the auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Gamma ASSR deficits have been reported in schizophrenia patients and individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for developing psychosis. We hypothesized that, in CHR patients, gamma ASSR would correlate with real-world functioning, consistent with a role for gamma synchrony deficits in functional impairment. METHODS A total of 35 CHR patients rated on Global Functioning: Social and Role scales had EEG recorded while listening to 1-ms, 93-dB clicks presented at 40 Hz in 500-ms trains, in response to which 40-Hz evoked power and intertrial phase-locking factor (PLF) were measured. RESULTS In CHR patients, lower 40-Hz PLF correlated with lower social functioning. CONCLUSIONS Gamma synchrony deficits may be a biomarker of real-world impairment at early stages of the schizophrenia disease trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ahmed
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Lepock
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Michael Bagby
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory J Gerritsen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michele Korostil
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Kiang
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Almeida VN, Radanovic M. Semantic priming and neurobiology in schizophrenia: A theoretical review. Neuropsychologia 2021; 163:108058. [PMID: 34655651 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this theoretical review we bridge the cognitive and neurobiological sciences to shed light on the neurocognitive foundations of the semantic priming effect in schizophrenia. We review and theoretically evaluate the neurotransmitter systems (dopaminergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic) and neurobiological underpinnings of behavioural and electrophysiological (N400) semantic priming in the pathology, and the main hypotheses on their geneses: a disinhibition of the semantic spread of activation, a disorganised semantic storage or noisy lexical-semantic associations, a psychomotor artefact, an artefact of relatedness proportions, or an inability to mobilise contextual information. We further assess the literature on the endophenotype of Formal Thought Disorder from multiple standpoints, ranging from neurophysiology to cognition: considerations are weaved on neuronal (PV basket cell, SST, VIP) and receptor deficits (DRD1, NMDA), neurotransmitter imbalances (dopamine), cortical and dopaminergic lateralisation, inter alia. In conclusion, we put forth novel postulates on the underlying causes of controlled hypopriming, automatic hyperpriming, N400 reversals (larger amplitudes for close associations), indirect versus direct hyperpriming, and the endophenotype of lexical-semantic disturbances in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor N Almeida
- Faculdade de Letras, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Radanovic
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Grent-'t-Jong T, Gajwani R, Gross J, Gumley AI, Krishnadas R, Lawrie SM, Schwannauer M, Schultze-Lutter F, Uhlhaas PJ. 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses Characterize Circuit Dysfunctions and Predict Clinical Outcomes in Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis Participants: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:419-429. [PMID: 34116790 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine whether 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are impaired in participants at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and predict clinical outcomes. METHODS Magnetoencephalography data were collected during a 40-Hz ASSR paradigm for a group of 116 CHR-P participants, 33 patients with first-episode psychosis (15 antipsychotic-naïve), a psychosis risk-negative group (n = 38), and 49 healthy control subjects. Analysis of group differences of 40-Hz intertrial phase coherence and 40-Hz amplitude focused on right Heschl's gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, and thalamus after establishing significant activations during 40-Hz ASSR stimulation. Linear regression and linear discriminant analyses were used to predict clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants, including transition to psychosis and persistence of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs). RESULTS CHR-P participants and patients with first-episode psychosis were impaired in 40-Hz amplitude in the right thalamus and hippocampus. In addition, patients with first-episode psychosis were impaired in 40-Hz amplitude in the right Heschl's gyrus, and CHR-P participants in 40-Hz intertrial phase coherence in the right Heschl's gyrus. The 40-Hz ASSR deficits were pronounced in CHR-P participants who later transitioned to psychosis (n = 13) or showed persistent APSs (n = 34). Importantly, both APS persistence and transition to psychosis were predicted by 40-Hz ASSR impairments, with ASSR activity in the right hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus correctly classifying 69.2% individuals with nonpersistent APSs and 73.5% individuals with persistent APSs (area under the curve = 0.842), and right thalamus 40-Hz activity correctly classifying 76.9% transitioned and 53.6% nontransitioned CHR-P participants (area under the curve = 0.695). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that deficits in gamma-band entrainment in the primary auditory cortex and subcortical areas constitute a potential biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruchika Gajwani
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andrew I Gumley
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Krishnadas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schwannauer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Airlangga, Indonesia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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Metzak PD, Farris MS, Placsko T, Braun A, Bonneville D, Brummitt K, Chu M, Addington J. Social functioning and brain imaging in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2021; 233:3-12. [PMID: 34126554 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in social functioning are a core impairment in psychosis and are associated with poor outcomes. These deficits are found in those at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis, and can persist even in the absence of transition. However, the neurobiological underpinnings of social functioning remain unclear, therefore we conducted a systematic review of brain metrics that have been associated with social functioning in youth at CHR for psychosis. Five databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EBM reviews, Embase, and PsycINFO) were searched from inception to May 5, 2020. Studies were selected if they examined brain imaging, and social functioning in youth at CHR for psychosis. Of the 9629 citations found through online database searching, 12 studies with 696 CHR participants met inclusion criteria. Too few studies were focused on the same brain region using the same methodology to perform a meta-analysis, however, loci within the prefrontal cortex were most often associated with social functioning. Few studies have linked social functioning to brain imaging metrics, suggesting that future work should focus on this relationship.
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Koshiyama D, Thomas ML, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Hierarchical Pathways from Sensory Processing to Cognitive, Clinical, and Functional Impairments in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:373-385. [PMID: 32856089 PMCID: PMC7965084 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of schizophrenia and a robust predictor of functional outcomes. Impairments are found in all phases of the illness and are only moderately attenuated by currently approved therapeutics. Neurophysiological indices of sensory discrimination (ie, mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a amplitudes) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR; power and phase locking) are translational biomarkers widely used in the development of novel therapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders. It is unclear whether laboratory-based EEG measures add explanatory power to well-established models that use only cognitive, clinical, and functional outcome measures. Moreover, it is unclear if measures of sensory discrimination and gamma-band ASSR uniquely contribute to putative causal pathways linking sensory discrimination, neurocognition, negative symptoms, and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. To answer these questions, hierarchical associations among sensory processing, neurocognition, clinical symptoms, and functional outcomes were assessed via structural equation modeling in a large sample of schizophrenia patients (n = 695) and healthy comparison subjects (n = 503). The results showed that the neurophysiologic indices of sensory discrimination and gamma-band ASSR both significantly contribute to and yield unique hierarchical, "bottom-up" effects on neurocognition, symptoms, and functioning. Measures of sensory discrimination showed direct effects on neurocognition and negative symptoms, while gamma-band ASSR had a direct effect on neurocognition in patients. Continued investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying abnormal networks of MMN/P3a and gamma-band ASSR is needed to clarify the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
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22
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Perrottelli A, Giordano GM, Brando F, Giuliani L, Mucci A. EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:653642. [PMID: 34017273 PMCID: PMC8129021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Electrophysiological (EEG) abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia have been largely reported. In the last decades, research has shifted to the identification of electrophysiological alterations in the prodromal and early phases of the disorder, focusing on the prediction of clinical and functional outcome. The identification of neuronal aberrations in subjects with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and in those at ultra high-risk (UHR) or clinical high-risk (CHR) to develop a psychosis is crucial to implement adequate interventions, reduce the rate of transition to psychosis, as well as the risk of irreversible functioning impairment. The aim of the review is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of the electrophysiological findings in the at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic review of English articles using Pubmed, Scopus, and PsychINFO was undertaken in July 2020. Additional studies were identified by hand-search. Electrophysiological studies that included at least one group of FEP or subjects at risk to develop psychosis, compared to healthy controls (HCs), were considered. The heterogeneity of the studies prevented a quantitative synthesis. Results: Out of 319 records screened, 133 studies were included in a final qualitative synthesis. Included studies were mainly carried out using frequency analysis, microstates and event-related potentials. The most common findings included an increase in delta and gamma power, an impairment in sensory gating assessed through P50 and N100 and a reduction of Mismatch Negativity and P300 amplitude in at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Progressive changes in some of these electrophysiological measures were associated with transition to psychosis and disease course. Heterogeneous data have been reported for indices evaluating synchrony, connectivity, and evoked-responses in different frequency bands. Conclusions: Multiple EEG-indices were altered during at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia, supporting the hypothesis that cerebral network dysfunctions appear already before the onset of the disorder. Some of these alterations demonstrated association with transition to psychosis or poor functional outcome. However, heterogeneity in subjects' inclusion criteria, clinical measures and electrophysiological methods prevents drawing solid conclusions. Large prospective studies are needed to consolidate findings concerning electrophysiological markers of clinical and functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perrottelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Brando
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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23
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Molina JL, Thomas ML, Joshi YB, Hochberger WC, Koshiyama D, Nungaray JA, Cardoso L, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Gamma oscillations predict pro-cognitive and clinical response to auditory-based cognitive training in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:405. [PMID: 33230190 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are pervasive and disabling features of schizophrenia. Targeted cognitive training (TCT) is a "bottom-up" cognitive remediation intervention with efficacy for neurocognitive outcomes in schizophrenia, yet individual responses are variable. Gamma oscillatory measures are leading candidate biomarkers in the development of biologically informed pro-cognitive therapeutics. Forty-two schizophrenia patients were recruited from a long-term residential treatment facility. Participants were randomized to receive either 1 h of cognitive training (TCT, n = 21) or computer games (TAU, n = 21). All participants received standard-of-care treatment; the TCT group additionally completed 30 h of cognitive training. The auditory steady-state response paradigm was used to elicit gamma oscillatory power and synchrony during electroencephalogram recordings. Detailed clinical and cognitive assessments were collected at baseline and after completion of the study. Baseline gamma power predicted cognitive gains after a full course of TCT (MCCB, R2 = 0.31). A change in gamma power after 1-h TCT exposure predicted improvement in both positive (SAPS, R2 = 0.40) and negative (SANS, R2 = 0.30) symptoms. These relationships were not observed in the TAU group (MCCB, SAPS, and SANS, all R2 < 0.06). The results indicate that the capacity to support gamma oscillations, as well as the plasticity of the underlying ASSR circuitry after acute exposure to 1 h of TCT, reflect neural mechanisms underlying the efficacy of TCT, and may be used to predict individualized treatment outcomes. These findings suggest that gamma oscillatory biomarkers applied within the context of experimental medicine designs can be used to personalize individual treatment options for pro-cognitive interventions in patients with schizophrenia.
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24
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Laurens KR, Murphy J, Dickson H, Roberts RE, Gutteridge TP. Trajectories of Mismatch Negativity and P3a Amplitude Development From Ages 9 to 16 Years in Children With Risk Factors for Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2020; 5:1085-1094. [PMID: 32981879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a amplitude reductions are robust abnormalities of sensory information processing in schizophrenia, but they are variably present in different profiles of risk (family history vs. clinical high risk) for the disorder. This study aimed to determine whether these abnormalities characterize children presenting replicated risk factors for schizophrenia, using longitudinal assessment over the ages of 9-16 years in children with multiple replicated antecedents of schizophrenia (ASz) and with family history of schizophrenia (FHx), relative to typically developing (TD) peers. METHODS A total of 105 children (52 female) sampled from the community were assessed at ages 9-12 years and approximately 2 and 4 years later. Linear mixed models were fitted to MMN and P3a peak amplitudes and latencies, with intercept and slope estimates from 32 ASz and 28 FHx children compared with those of 45 TD peers. RESULTS In ASz relative to TD children, MMN amplitude initially increased and then prominently decreased during adolescence. Both ASz and FHx children had greater P3a amplitude than TD children at 11 years, which decreased with age, in contrast to P3a amplitude increasing during adolescence in TD youths. MMN abnormalities were specific to ASz children who continued to present symptoms during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Age-dependent MMN and P3a abnormalities demarcate adolescent development of ASz and FHx from TD children, with auditory change detection abnormalities specific to ASz children with continuing symptoms and attention-orienting abnormalities characterizing both ASz and FHx risk profiles. Follow-up is required to determine whether these abnormalities index vulnerability for schizophrenia or an illness nonspecific developmental delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin R Laurens
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jennifer Murphy
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Dickson
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Roberts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Kantor Centre of Excellence, Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiffany P Gutteridge
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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25
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Hamilton HK, Boos AK, Mathalon DH. Electroencephalography and Event-Related Potential Biomarkers in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:294-303. [PMID: 32507388 PMCID: PMC8300573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Clinical outcomes vary among youths at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), with approximately 20% progressing to full-blown psychosis over 2 to 3 years and 30% achieving remission. Recent research efforts have focused on identifying biomarkers that precede psychosis onset and enhance the accuracy of clinical outcome prediction in CHR-P individuals, with the ultimate goal of developing staged treatment approaches based on the individual's level of risk. Identifying such biomarkers may also facilitate progress toward understanding pathogenic mechanisms underlying psychosis onset, which may support the development of mechanistically informed early interventions for psychosis. In recent years, electroencephalography-based event-related potential measures with established sensitivity to schizophrenia have gained traction in the study of CHR-P and its clinical outcomes. In this review, we describe the evidence for event-related potential abnormalities in CHR-P and discuss how they inform our understanding of information processing deficits as vulnerability markers for emerging psychosis and as indicators of future outcomes. Among the measures studied, P300 and mismatch negativity are notable because deficits predict conversion to psychosis and/or CHR-P remission. However, the accuracy with which these and other measures predict outcomes in CHR-P has been obscured in the prior literature by the tendency to only report group-level differences, underscoring the need for inclusion of individual predictive accuracy metrics in future studies. Nevertheless, both P300 and mismatch negativity show promise as electrophysiological markers of risk for psychosis, as target engagement measures for clinical trials, and as potential translational bridges between human studies and animal models focused on novel drug development for early psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly K Hamilton
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alison K Boos
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California.
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Balla A, Ginsberg SD, Abbas AI, Sershen H, Javitt DC. Translational neurophysiological biomarkers of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor dysfunction in serine racemase knockout mice. Biomark Neuropsychiatry 2020; 2:100019. [PMID: 34308374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionps.2020.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glutamatergic function are well established in schizophrenia (Sz), but new treatment development is hampered by the lack of translational pathophysiological and target engagement biomarkers as well as by the lack of animal models that recapitulate the pathophysiological features of Sz. Here, we evaluated the rodent auditory steady state response (ASSR) and long-latency auditory event-related potential (aERP) as potential translational markers. These biomarkers were assessed for their sensitivity to both the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) and to knock-out (KO) of Serine Racemase (SR), which is known to lead to Sz-like alterations in function of parvalbumin (PV)-type cortical interneurons. PCP led to significant increases of ASSR that were further increased in SRKO−/−, consistent with PV interneuron effects. Similar effects were observed in mice with selective NMDAR KO on PV interneurons. By contrast, PCP but not SRKO reduced the amplitude of the rodent analog of the human N1 potential. Overall, these findings support use of rodent ASSR and long-latency aERP, along with previously described measures such as mismatch negativity (MMN), as translational biomarkers, and support SRKO mice as a potential rodent model for PV interneuron dysfunction in Sz.
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27
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Francis AM, Knott VJ, Labelle A, Fisher DJ. Interaction of Background Noise and Auditory Hallucinations on Phonemic Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and P3a Processing in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:540738. [PMID: 33093834 PMCID: PMC7523538 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.540738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Auditory hallucinations (AHs) are among the cardinal symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ). During the presence of AHs aberrant activity of auditory cortices have been observed, including hyperactivation during AHs alone and hypoactivation when AHs are accompanied by a concurrent external auditory competitor. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a are common ERPs of interest within the study of SZ as they are robustly reduced in the chronic phase of the illness. The present study aimed to explore whether background noise altered the auditory MMN and P3a in those with SZ and treatment-resistant AHs. METHODS MMN and P3a were assessed in 12 hallucinating patients (HPs), 11 non-hallucinating patients (NPs) and 9 healthy controls (HCs) within an auditory oddball paradigm. Standard (P = 0.85) and deviant (P = 0.15) stimuli were presented during three noise conditions: silence (SL), traffic noise (TN), and wide-band white noise (WN). RESULTS HPs showed significantly greater deficits in MMN amplitude relative to NPs in all background noise conditions, though predominantly at central electrodes. Conversely, both NPs and HPs exhibited significant deficits in P3a amplitude relative to HCs under the SL condition only. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that the presence of AHs may specifically impair the MMN, while the P3a appears to be more generally impaired in SZ. That MMN amplitudes are specifically reduced for HPs during background noise conditions suggests HPs may have a harder time detecting changes in phonemic sounds during situations with external traffic or "real-world" noise compared to NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Francis
- Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Verner J Knott
- Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alain Labelle
- Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek J Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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