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Todini L, Galbraith H, Malfatti A, Acuti G, Barbato O, Antonini M, Beghelli D, Trabalza-Marinucci M. Responses to dietary supplementation with field bean ( Vicia faba var. minor) in production indices, mohair growth and hormonal parameters in transition Angora goats. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2109520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Todini
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Hugh Galbraith
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alessandro Malfatti
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Acuti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Olimpia Barbato
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Antonini
- ENEA Dipartimento Sostenibilità dei Sistemi Produttivi e Territoriali, Lab. Bioprodotti e Bioprocessi, Ufficio/Laboratorio Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniela Beghelli
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Todini L, Malfatti A, Mughetti L, Acuti G, Barbato O, Beghelli D, Trabalza-Marinucci M. Blood thyroid hormones, insulin and leptin, metabolites and enzymes in transition dairy ewes, as affected by dietary linseed and physiological stage. Res Vet Sci 2022; 151:47-56. [PMID: 35863140 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary linseed and physiological state on blood concentrations of some metabolic hormones and indicators, in transition dairy ewes. From 21 d before lambing to 60 d post-partum, ewes were provided with one of three isoenergetic and iso‑nitrogenous pelleted concentrates, without (CTR, n = 21), or with 100 (EL-10, n = 22) or 200 g/kg (EL-20, n = 22) of extruded linseed. Animals were fed alfalfa hay ad libitum and had access to mixed pasture. Plasma thyroid hormones and insulin concentrations were not affected by diet and significantly changed by time. The last week of pregnancy T3 (2.27 ± 0.15 ng/mL) and T4 (102.63 ± 2.85 ng/mL) were lower than at 4 weeks before lambing (T3: 3.27 ± 0.27 ng/mL; T4: 125.89 ± 2.63 ng/mL). After lambing, T3 rose to be highest at 4 and 8 weeks of lactation (3.41 ± 0.22). Mean insulin peaked 2 weeks after lambing (0.31 ± 0.02 ng/mL) vs. late pregnancy (0.22 ± 0.01 ng/mL) and progressing lactation (0.18 ± 0.01 ng/mL). Plasma Leptin concentration (2.43 ± 0.03 ng/mL) was not affected by diet nor time. All the blood metabolites and enzymes investigated showed significant time x treatment interaction. Differences of several haematological parameters were found in EL vs. CTR (cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, bilirubin, ALP, ALT), however, in most cases the values were fairly within the reference physiological ranges. Metabolic hormones are confirmed to be mainly linked to the different physiological states, energy intake and variations of energy balance, without clear effects by different sources of energy and quality of dietary lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Todini
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Malfatti
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Laura Mughetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, PG, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Acuti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, PG, Italy.
| | - Olimpia Barbato
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, PG, Italy.
| | - Daniela Beghelli
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Barbato O, De Felice E, Todini L, Menchetti L, Malfatti A, Scocco P. Effects of Feed Supplementation on Nesfatin-1, Insulin, Glucagon, Leptin, T3, Cortisol, and BCS in Milking Ewes Grazing on Semi-Natural Pastures. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:682. [PMID: 33806523 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of feed supplementation on body condition score (BCS) and different metabolic hormones concentration in lactating sheep reared in Italian Central Apennine pastures during the grazing summer period. In this study, 24 Comisana x Appenninica pluriparous ewes from June until August were divided into two homogenous groups: the control group (UNS) was free to graze, while the other group (SUP), in addition to grazing, was supplemented with 600 g/day/head of cereals. At the start of the supplementation and at an interval of 9-10 days until the end of experimentation, BCS evaluation and blood withdrawal to assay nesfatin-1, insulin, glucagon, leptin, triiodothyronine and cortisol levels were performed. Univariable analysis showed no remarkable differences between the groups, while multivariable analysis suggested that the UNS group was characterized by a lower BCS and greater nesfatin-1 than the SUP group. These findings can be considered in relation to milk production, which shows a clear better persistence in the SUP group. Our results indicate that nutritional supplementation has protected ewes from the usual lowering of the body state linked to lactation and provides a good maintenance of milk production, determining also a better overall body and metabolic state of the animals, which is important at the beginning of the sexual season.
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De Carolis M, Barbato O, Acuti G, Trabalza-Marinucci M, Melo de Sousa N, Canali C, Moscati L. Plasmatic Profile of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) during Gestation and Postpartum in Sarda and Lacaune Sheep Determined with Two Radioimmunoassay Systems. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091502. [PMID: 32854377 PMCID: PMC7552302 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nowadays the need to optimize and maximize the productivity of dairy sheep leads farmers to plan lambing in specific periods in order to avoid economic loss due to nonproductive animals. The goal is to diagnose pregnancy at early gestation in order to minimize the costs of unproductive animals and to properly formulate rations for the energy requirements of gestating or lactating animals at the same time. Moreover, early pregnancy diagnosis, as well as the possibility of distinguishing between single and multiple gestations, enables farmers to plan the management of lambing well in advance thus minimizing manpower requirements. This study showed, for the first time, the plasmatic profile of PAG (pregnancy-associated glycoproteins) in Sarda and Lacaune ewes during gestation and the postpartum period using two different radioimmune assay (RIA) systems, thus enhancing our knowledge regarding PAG concentrations in domestic ruminants. Moreover, it showed that for both breeds these RIA systems are capable of distinguishing pregnant from nonpregnant ewes starting from day 18 of gestation. Furthermore, the rapid disappearance of PAG concentration following lambing did not require the use of a cut-off limit in postpartum animals as a means for detecting a new pregnancy. Abstract This study was carried out to determine ovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (oPAG) levels in the plasma of Sarda and Lacaune ewes throughout gestation and in the first month postpartum, using two heterologous radioimmunoassays (RIA-706 and RIA-srPool) and to study the correlations between PAG levels and fetal gender and number. On Day 18 of pregnancy, PAG concentrations were detected in 90.1% and 80.8% of Sarda pregnant ewes with RIA-706 and RIA-srPool, respectively; and in 90% and in 75% of Lacaune pregnant ewes with RIA-706 and RIA-srPool, respectively. From Day 30, PAG concentrations were detected in all pregnant ewes by using both RIA methods. In the postpartum period, the PAG concentrations in Sarda ewes decreased rapidly reaching minimal levels (<1 ng/mL) on day 28 using both RIA-706 and RIA-srPool. In Lacaune ewes, PAG-706 levels were higher than PAG-srPool from parturition until the last day of observation (Day 28 postpartum). It was also observed that mean concentrations were higher in multiple than in single pregnancies in Sarda and Lacaune ewes. Moreover, due to the rapid disappearance of PAG concentration following lambing, a cut-off limit in postpartum animals was not required as a means for detecting a new pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina De Carolis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.T.-M.); (C.C.)
| | - Olimpia Barbato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.T.-M.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7640; Fax: +39-075-585-7638
| | - Gabriele Acuti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.T.-M.); (C.C.)
| | - Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.T.-M.); (C.C.)
| | - Noelita Melo de Sousa
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Claudio Canali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (G.A.); (M.T.-M.); (C.C.)
| | - Livia Moscati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
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Menchetti L, Vecchione L, Filipescu I, Petrescu V, Fioretti B, Beccari T, Ceccarini M, Codini M, Quattrone A, Trabalza-marinucci M, Barbato O, Brecchia G. Effects of Goji berries supplementation on the productive performance of rabbit. Livest Sci 2019; 220:123-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gallego-Calvo L, Gatica M, Guzmán J, Zarazaga L. Reproductive responses to sexually active buck of does treated with melatonin when body weight/body condition is increasing or decreasing. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 190:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zarazaga L, Gatica M, Gallego-Calvo L, Guzmán J. The reproductive performance of female goats treated with melatonin is not improved after introduction to bucks displaying springtime sexual activity if these does are experiencing decreasing body weight/condition score. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 179:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gallego-calvo L, Gatica M, Guzmán J, Zarazaga L. Reproductive performance response to the male effect in goats is improved when doe live weight/body condition score is increasing. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 156:51-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tsiplakou E, Chadio S, Papadomichelakis G, Zervas G. The effect of long term under- and over-feeding on milk and plasma fatty acids profile and on insulin and leptin concentrations of goats. Int Dairy J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhao H, Yannaing S, Thanthan S, Kuwayama H. Sulfated gastrin stimulates ghrelin and growth hormone release but inhibits insulin secretion in cattle. Peptides 2011; 32:2218-24. [PMID: 22001226 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the effects of gastrin on the circulating levels of ghrelin, growth hormone (GH), insulin, glucagon and glucose in ruminants. Two experiments were done in eight Holstein steers. Animals were randomly assigned to receive intravenous bolus injections: (1) 0.1% bovine serum albumin in saline as vehicle, 0.8, 4.0 and 20.0 μg/kg body weight (BW) of bovine sulfated gastrin-34; (2) vehicle, 0.53 μg/kg BW of bovine sulfated gastrin-17 alone or combined with 20.0 μg/kg BW of [D-Lys(3)]-GHRP-6, the selective antagonist of GHS-R1a. Blood samples were collected from -10 to 150 min relative to injection time. Concentrations of acyl and total ghrelin in response to gastrin-34 injection were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Concentrations of GH were also markedly elevated by gastrin-34 injection; however, the effect of 20.0 μg/kg was weaker than that of 4.0 μg/kg. The three doses of gastrin-34 equally decreased insulin levels within 15 min and maintained the level until the time of last sampling. Gastrin-34 had no effect (P > 0.05) on the levels of glucagon and glucose. Levels of acyl ghrelin increased after administration of gastrin-17 alone or combined with [D-Lys(3)]-GHRP-6; however, [D-Lys(3)]-GHRP-6 did not block the elevation of GH by gastrin-17. The present results indicate that sulfated gastrin stimulates both ghrelin and GH release, but the GHS-R1a may not contribute to the release of GH by gastrin. Moreover, sulfated gastrin seems to indirectly maintain the homeostasis of blood glucose through the down-regulation of insulin in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiong Zhao
- Department of Life Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan.
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Acuti G, Todini L, Malfatti A, Antonini M, Barbato O, Trabalza-Marinucci M. Effects of field bean (Vicia faba L. var. minor) dietary supplementation on plasma thyroid hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations and mohair characteristics in growing Angora goat kids. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 93:456-66. [PMID: 18484965 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-two Angora kids were used to study the effect of a dietary supplementation with field bean (Vicia faba L. var. minor) on hair follicle activity, mohair characteristics and plasma total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations. At birth, their mothers were divided in two groups (S: supplemented, C: control), the S group being supplemented with 300 g/head/day of whole field bean. At weaning, diet of kids from S group was supplemented with 80 g/head/day of whole field bean. At weaning, secondary hair follicle activity (S: 0.91 ± 0.01, C: 0.84 ± 0.02, p < 0.01) and staple length (S: 5.82 ± 0.13 cm, C: 5.16 ± 0.14 cm, p < 0.001) were greater in the S group. At 155 days of age, secondary fibre diameter (S: 16.54 ± 0.35 μm, C: 18.09 ± 0.31 μm, p < 0.01) was higher in the C kids. Concentrations of total plasma T4 and T3 were higher (p < 0.001) in S (120 ± 12 and 4.87 ± 0.92 ng/ml respectively) than in C kids (92 ± 8 and 2.97 ± 0.77 ng/ml respectively). At weaning, T4 values were negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the secondary fibre diameter and the T3/T4 ratio was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with the secondary to primary hair follicle ratio. At 155 days of age, both T3 and T3/T4 values were positively correlated (p < 0.01) with staple length. Plasma INS (0.11 ± 0.03 ng/ml) and total IGF-1 concentrations (232 ± 13 ng/ml) were not affected by diet. Improvements of diet quality in kids positively affected fibre diameter and length and follicle activity rate. We suggest that increased circulating thyroid hormones concentrations, but not those of INS and IGF-1, may contribute to the beneficial actions of nutritional supplementation on anatomical growth and mohair production of kids.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Acuti
- Dipartimento di Patologia, Diagnostica e Clinica Veterinaria, Universita` degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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