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Scott GD, Neilson LE, Woltjer R, Quinn JF, Lim MM. Lifelong Association of Disorders Related to Military Trauma with Subsequent Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1483-1492. [PMID: 37309872 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma-related disorders such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are emerging as risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD), but their association with development of PD and independence from comorbid disorders remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine TBI and PTSD related to early trauma in military veterans using a case-control study. METHODS PD was identified by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code, recurrent PD-specific prescriptions, and availability of 5+ years of earlier records. Validation was performed by chart review by a movement disorder-trained neurologist. Control subjects were matched 4:1 by age, duration of preceding health care, race, ethnicity, birth year, and sex. TBI and PTSD were identified by ICD code and onset based on active duty. Association and interaction were measured for TBI and PTSD with PD going back 60 years. Interaction was measured for comorbid disorders. RESULTS A total of 71,933 cases and 287,732 controls were identified. TBI and PTSD increased odds of subsequent PD at all preceding 5-year intervals back to year -60 (odds ratio range: 1.5 [1.4, 1.7] to 2.1 [2.0, 2.1]). TBI and PTSD showed synergism (synergy index range: 1.14 [1.09, 1.29] to 1.28 [1.09, 1.51]) and additive association (odds ratio range: 2.2 [1.6, 2.8] to 2.7 [2.5, 2.8]). Chronic pain and migraine showed greatest synergy with PTSD and TBI. Effect sizes for trauma-related disorders were comparable with established prodromal disorders. CONCLUSIONS TBI and PTSD are associated with later PD and are synergistic with chronic pain and migraine. These findings provide evidence for TBI and PTSD as risk factors preceding PD by decades and could aid in prognostic calculation and earlier intervention. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Scott
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lee E Neilson
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Randy Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Miranda M Lim
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
- VA VISN20 Northwest Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Pybus AF, Bitarafan S, Brothers RO, Rohrer A, Khaitan A, Moctezuma FR, Udeshi K, Davies B, Triplett S, Dammer E, Rangaraju S, Buckley EM, Wood LB. Profiling the neuroimmune cascade in 3xTg mice exposed to successive mild traumatic brain injuries. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.13.544838. [PMID: 37397993 PMCID: PMC10312742 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (rmTBI) sustained within a window of vulnerability can result in long term cognitive deficits, depression, and eventual neurodegeneration associated with tau pathology, amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, gliosis, and neuronal and functional loss. However, we have limited understanding of how successive injuries acutely affect the brain to result in these devastating long-term consequences. In the current study, we addressed the question of how repeated injuries affect the brain in the acute phase of injury (<24hr) by exposing the 3xTg-AD mouse model of tau and Aβ pathology to successive (1x, 3x, 5x) once-daily weight drop closed-head injuries and quantifying immune markers, pathological markers, and transcriptional profiles at 30min, 4hr, and 24hr after each injury. We used young adult mice (2-4 months old) to model the effects of rmTBI relevant to young adult athletes, and in the absence of significant tau and Aβ pathology. Importantly, we identified pronounced sexual dimorphism, with females eliciting more differentially expressed proteins after injury compared to males. Specifically, females showed: 1) a single injury caused a decrease in neuron-enriched genes inversely correlated with inflammatory protein expression as well as an increase in AD-related genes within 24hr, 2) each injury significantly increased expression of a group of cortical cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-9, IL-13, IL-17, KC) and MAPK phospho-proteins (phospho-Atf2, phospho-Mek1), several of which were co-labeled with neurons and correlated with phospho-tau, and 3) repetitive injury caused increased expression of genes associated with astrocyte reactivity and immune function. Collectively our data suggest that neurons respond to a single injury within 24h, while other cell types including astrocytes transition to inflammatory phenotypes within days of repetitive injury.
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Barker S, Paul BD, Pieper AA. Increased Risk of Aging-Related Neurodegenerative Disease after Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1154. [PMID: 37189772 PMCID: PMC10135798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors frequently suffer from chronically progressive complications, including significantly increased risk of developing aging-related neurodegenerative disease. As advances in neurocritical care increase the number of TBI survivors, the impact and awareness of this problem are growing. The mechanisms by which TBI increases the risk of developing aging-related neurodegenerative disease, however, are not completely understood. As a result, there are no protective treatments for patients. Here, we review the current literature surrounding the epidemiology and potential mechanistic relationships between brain injury and aging-related neurodegenerative disease. In addition to increasing the risk for developing all forms of dementia, the most prominent aging-related neurodegenerative conditions that are accelerated by TBI are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with ALS and FTD being the least well-established. Mechanistic links between TBI and all forms of dementia that are reviewed include oxidative stress, dysregulated proteostasis, and neuroinflammation. Disease-specific mechanistic links with TBI that are reviewed include TAR DNA binding protein 43 and motor cortex lesions in ALS and FTD; alpha-synuclein, dopaminergic cell death, and synergistic toxin exposure in PD; and brain insulin resistance, amyloid beta pathology, and tau pathology in AD. While compelling mechanistic links have been identified, significantly expanded investigation in the field is needed to develop therapies to protect TBI survivors from the increased risk of aging-related neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Barker
- Center for Brain Health Medicines, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Bindu D. Paul
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew A. Pieper
- Center for Brain Health Medicines, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Translational Therapeutics Core, Cleveland Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Mohamadzadeh O, Hajinouri M, Moammer F, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Omid Shafiei G, Jafari A, Ostadian A, Talaei Zavareh SA, Hamblin MR, Yazdi AJ, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Small Player with Big Actions. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4064-4083. [PMID: 37020123 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide since substantial morbidity is observed after it, and the long-term consequences that are not yet fully recognized. A number of cellular pathways related to the secondary injury in brain have been identified, including free radical production (owing to mitochondrial dysfunction), excitotoxicity (regulated by excitatory neurotransmitters), apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory responses (as a result of activation of the immune system and central nervous system). In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) maintain a fundamental contribution to post-transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that mammalian brains express high levels of ncRNAs that are involved in several brain physiological processes. Furthermore, altered levels of ncRNA expression have been found in those with traumatic as well non-traumatic brain injuries. The current review highlights the primary molecular mechanisms participated in TBI that describes the latest and novel results about changes and role of ncRNAs in TBI in both clinical and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsasadat Hajinouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Moammer
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Ostadian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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5
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Pinto-Costa R, Harbachova E, La Vitola P, Di Monte DA. Overexpression-Induced α-Synuclein Brain Spreading. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:83-96. [PMID: 36512255 PMCID: PMC10119350 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interneuronal transfer of pathological α-synuclein species is thought to play an important role in the progressive advancement of Lewy pathology and increasing severity of clinical manifestations in Parkinson's and other diseases commonly referred to as synucleinopathies. Pathophysiological conditions and mechanisms triggering this trans-synaptic spreading bear therefore significant pathogenetic implications but have yet to be fully elucidated. In vivo experimental models support the conclusion that increased expression of intraneuronal α-synuclein can itself induce protein spreading throughout the brain as well as from the brain to peripheral tissues. For example, overexpression of α-synuclein targeted to the rodent dorsal medulla oblongata results in its transfer and accumulation into recipient axons innervating this brain region; through these axons, α-synuclein can then travel caudo-rostrally and reach other brain sites in the pons, midbrain, and forebrain. When protein overexpression is induced in the rodent midbrain, long-distance α-synuclein spreading can be followed over time; spreading-induced α-synuclein accumulation affects lower brain regions, including the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, proceeds through efferent axons of the vagus nerve, and is ultimately detected within vagal motor nerve endings in the gastric wall. As discussed in this review, animal models featuring α-synuclein overexpression not only support a relationship between α-synuclein burden and protein spreading but have also provided important clues on conditions/mechanisms capable of promoting interneuronal α-synuclein transfer. Intriguing findings include the relationship between neuronal activity and protein spreading and the role of oxidant stress in trans-synaptic α-synuclein mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pinto-Costa
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Eugenia Harbachova
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Pietro La Vitola
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Donato A Di Monte
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, Bonn, 53127, Germany.
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6
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Zhang C, Chen S. Role of TREM2 in the Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases After Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 60:342-354. [PMID: 36264434 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03094-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been found as the primary cause of morbidity and disability worldwide, which has posed a significant social and economic burden. The first stage of TBI produces brain edema, axonal damage, and hypoxia, thus having an effect on the blood-brain barrier function, promoting inflammatory responses, and increasing oxidative stress. Patients with TBI are more likely to develop post-traumatic epilepsy, behavioral issues, as well as mental illnesses. The long-term effects arising from TBI have aroused rising attention over the past few years. Microglia in the brain can express the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), which is a single transmembrane receptor pertaining to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The receptor has been correlated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other relevant diseases. In this review, it is demonstrated that TREM2 is promising to serve as a neuroprotective factor for neurodegenerative disorders following TBI by modulating the function of microglial cells. Accordingly, it has potential avenues for TREM2-related therapies to improve long-term recovery after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Marin C, Fuentes M, Alobid I, Tubita V, Rojas-Lechuga MJ, Mullol J. Olfactory Bulb Excitotoxicity as a Gap-Filling Mechanism Underlying the Link Between Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Secondary Neuronal Degeneration and Parkinson's Disease-Like Pathology. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1025-1036. [PMID: 35067829 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing preclinical and clinical data supporting a potential association between Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been suggested that the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity underlying TBI secondary neuronal degeneration (SND) might be associated with further development of PD. Interestingly, an accumulation of extracellular glutamate and olfactory dysfunction are both sharing pathological conditions in TBI and PD. The possible involvement of glutamate excitotoxicity in olfactory dysfunction has been recently described, however, the role of olfactory bulbs (OB) glutamate excitotoxicity as a possible mechanism involved in the association between TBI and PD-related neurodegeneration has not been investigated yet. We examined the number of nigral dopaminergic neurons (TH +), nigral α-synuclein expression, the striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) expression, and motor performance after bilateral OB N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic lesions in rodents. Bulbar NMDA administration induced a decrease in the number of correct choices in the discrimination tests one week after lesions (p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in the number of nigral DAergic neurons (p < 0.01) associated with an increase in α-synuclein expression (p < 0.01). No significant striatal changes in DAT expression or motor alterations were observed. Our results show an association between TBI-induced SND and PD-related neurodegeneration suggesting that the OB excitotoxicity occurring in TBI SND may be a filling gap mechanism underlying the link between TBI and PD-like pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireya Fuentes
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isam Alobid
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Valeria Tubita
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rojas-Lechuga
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain. .,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Blaya MO, Raval AP, Bramlett HM. Traumatic brain injury in women across lifespan. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 164:105613. [PMID: 34995753 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability and a global public health challenge. Every year more than 50 million people suffer a TBI, and it is estimated that 50% of the global population will experience at least one TBI in their lifetime. TBI affects both men and women of all ages, however there is a male bias in TBI research as women have frequently been left out of the literature despite irrefutable evidence of male and female dimorphism in several posttraumatic measures. Women uniquely experience distinct life stages marked by levels of endogenous circulating sex hormones, as well as by physiological changes that are nonexistent in men. In addition to generalized sex-specific differences, a woman's susceptibility, neurological outcomes, and treatment success may vary considerably depending upon when in her lifespan she incurred a traumatic insult. How women impacted by TBI might differ from other women as a factor of age and physiology is not well understood. Furthermore, there is a gap in the knowledge of what happens when TBI occurs in the presence of certain sex-specific and sex-nonspecific variables, such as during pregnancy, with oral contraceptive use, in athletics, in cases of addiction and nicotine consumption, during perimenopause, postmenopause, in frailty, among others. Parsing out how hormone-dependent and hormone-independent lifespan variables may influence physiological, neurodegenerative, and functional outcomes will greatly contribute to future investigative studies and direct therapeutic strategies. The goal of this review is to aggregate the knowledge of prevalence, prognosis, comorbid risk, and response of women incurring TBI at differing phases of lifespan. We strive to illuminate commonalities and disparities among female populations, and to pose important questions to highlight gaps in the field in order to further the endeavor of targeted treatment interventions in a patient-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan O Blaya
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ami P Raval
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA.
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9
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D’Amico R, Trovato Salinaro A, Fusco R, Cordaro M, Impellizzeri D, Scuto M, Ontario ML, Lo Dico G, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, Siracusa R, Calabrese V. Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor Modulate Molecular and Biochemical Changes after Traumatic Brain Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:898. [PMID: 34199629 PMCID: PMC8228340 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem affecting the world. This condition results from the application of external physical force to the brain which leads to transient or permanent structural and functional impairments. TBI has been shown to be a risk factor for neurodegeneration which can lead to Parkinson's disease (PD) for example. In this study, we wanted to explore the development of PD-related pathology in the context of an experimental model of TBI and the potential ability of Coriolus versicolor and Hericium erinaceus to prevent neurodegenerative processes. Traumatic brain injury was induced in mice by controlled cortical impact. Behavioral tests were performed at various times: the animals were sacrificed 30 days after the impact and the brain was processed for Western blot and immunohistochemical analyzes. After the head injury, a significant decrease in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and the dopamine transporter in the substantia nigra was observed, as well as significant behavioral alterations that were instead restored following daily oral treatment with Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor. Furthermore, a strong increase in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress emerged in the vehicle groups. Treatment with Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor was able to prevent both the neuroinflammatory and oxidative processes typical of PD. This study suggests that PD-related molecular events may be triggered on TBI and that nutritional fungi such as Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor may be important in redox stress response mechanisms and neuroprotection, preventing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Gianluigi Lo Dico
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
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Abstract
Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased risk for diseases of the basal ganglia and cerebellum, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The evidence reviewed here indicates that deficits in striatal dopamine are a shared component of the causal chains that produce these disorders. Neuropsychological studies of adult ADHD, prodromal PD, and early-stage PD reveal similar deficits in executive functions, memory, attention, and inhibition that are mediated by similar neural substrates. These and other findings are consistent with the possibility that ADHD may be part of the PD prodrome. The mechanisms that may mediate the association between PD and ADHD include neurotoxic effects of stimulants, other environmental exposures, and Lewy pathology. Understanding the nature of the association between PD and ADHD may provide insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of both disorders. The possible contribution of stimulants to this association may have important clinical and public health implications.
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11
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Carlson SW, Yan HQ, Li Y, Henchir J, Ma X, Young MS, Ikonomovic MD, Dixon CE. Differential Regional Responses in Soluble Monomeric Alpha Synuclein Abundance Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:362-374. [PMID: 32948930 PMCID: PMC7704579 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alpha synuclein (α-synuclein) is a neuronal protein found predominately in presynaptic terminals. While the pathological effect of α-synuclein aggregates has been a topic of intense study in several neurodegenerative conditions, less attention has been placed on changes in monomeric α-synuclein and related physiological consequences on neuronal function. A growing body of evidence supports an important physiological role of α-synuclein in neurotransmission. In the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), we hypothesized that the regional abundance of soluble monomeric α-synuclein is altered over a chronic time period post-injury. To this end, we evaluated α-synuclein in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of adult rats at 6 h, 1 day, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Western blot analysis demonstrated decreased levels of monomer α-synuclein protein in the ipsilateral hippocampus at 6 h, 1 day, 1, 2, and 8 weeks, as well as in the ipsilateral cortex at 1 and 2 weeks and in the ipsilateral striatum at 6 h after CCI compared with sham animals. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed lower α-synuclein and a modest reduction in synaptophysin staining in the ipsilateral hippocampus at 1 week after CCI compared with sham animals, with no evidence of intracellular or extracellular α-synuclein aggregates. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that monomeric α-synuclein protein abundance in the hippocampus is reduced over an extensive (acute-to-chronic) post-injury interval. This deficit may contribute to the chronically impaired neurotransmission known to occur after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Carlson
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - H Q Yan
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Y Li
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - J Henchir
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - X Ma
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - M S Young
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - M D Ikonomovic
- Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C E Dixon
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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12
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Selvakumar GP, Ahmed ME, Iyer SS, Thangavel R, Kempuraj D, Raikwar SP, Bazley K, Wu K, Khan A, Kukulka K, Bussinger B, Zaheer S, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Absence of Glia Maturation Factor Protects from Axonal Injury and Motor Behavioral Impairments after Traumatic Brain Injury. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:230-248. [PMID: 32565489 PMCID: PMC7344375 DOI: 10.5607/en20017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes disability and death, accelerating the progression towards Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). TBI causes serious motor and cognitive impairments, as seen in PD that arise during the period of the initial insult. However, this has been understudied relative to TBI induced neuroinflammation, motor and cognitive decline that progress towards PD. Neuronal ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolase- L1 (UCHL1) is a thiol protease that breaks down ubiquitinated proteins and its level represents the severity of TBI. Previously, we demonstrated the molecular action of glia maturation factor (GMF); a proinflammatory protein in mediating neuroinflammation and neuronal loss. Here, we show that the weight drop method induced TBI neuropathology using behavioral tests, western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques on sections from wild type (WT) and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice. Results reveal a significant improvement in substantia nigral tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter expression with motor behavioral performance in GMF-KO mice following TBI. In addition, a significant reduction in neuroinflammation was manifested, as shown by activation of nuclear factor-kB, reduced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase- 2 expressions. Likewise, neurotrophins including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly improved in GMF-KO mice than WT 72 h post-TBI. Consistently, we found that TBI enhances GFAP and UCHL-1 expression and reduces the number of dopaminergic TH-positive neurons in WT compared to GMF-KO mice 72 h post-TBI. Interestingly, we observed a reduction of THpositive tanycytes in the median eminence of WT than GMF-KO mice. Overall, we found that absence of GMF significantly reversed these neuropathological events and improved behavioral outcome. This study provides evidence that PD-associated pathology progression can be initiated upon induction of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Shankar S Iyer
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Ramasamy Thangavel
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Sudhanshu P Raikwar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kieran Bazley
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kristopher Wu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Asher Khan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Klaudia Kukulka
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Bret Bussinger
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Smita Zaheer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | | | | | - Asgar Zaheer
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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13
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Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no cure. Clinical presentation is characterized by postural instability, resting tremors, and gait problems that result from progressive loss of A9 dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been implicated as a risk factor for several neurodegenerative diseases, but the strongest evidence is linked to development of PD. Mild TBI (mTBI), is the most common and is defined by minimal, if any, loss of consciousness and the absence of significant observable damage to the brain tissue. mTBI is responsible for a 56% higher risk of developing PD in U.S. Veterans and the risk increases with severity of injury. While the mounting evidence from human studies suggests a link between TBI and PD, fundamental questions as to whether TBI nucleates PD pathology or accelerates PD pathology in vulnerable populations remains unanswered. Several promising lines of research point to inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and protein accumulation as potential mechanisms through which TBI can initiate or accelerate PD. Amyloid precursor protein (APP), alpha synuclein (α-syn), hyper-phosphorylated Tau, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), are some of the most frequently reported proteins upregulated following a TBI and are also closely linked to PD. Recently, upregulation of Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2), has been found in the brain of mice following a TBI. Subset of Rab proteins were identified as biological substrates of LRRK2, a protein also extensively linked to late onset PD. Inhibition of LRRK2 was found to be neuroprotective in PD and TBI models. The goal of this review is to survey current literature concerning the mechanistic overlap between TBI and PD with a particular focus on inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and aforementioned proteins. This review will also cover the application of rodent TBI models to further our understanding of the relationship between TBI and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedad Delic
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development (Mailstop 15), 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA.
- NeuroBehavioral Research Laboratory, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development (Mailstop 15), 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA.
| | - Kevin D Beck
- NeuroBehavioral Research Laboratory, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development (Mailstop 15), 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers- New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Kevin C H Pang
- NeuroBehavioral Research Laboratory, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development (Mailstop 15), 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers- New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Bruce A Citron
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development (Mailstop 15), 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers- New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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14
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with advanced age being one of the major predictors of poor prognosis. To replicate the mechanisms and multifaceted complexities of human TBI and develop prospective therapeutic treatments, various TBI animal models have been developed. These models have been essential in furthering our understanding of the pathophysiology and biochemical effects on brain mechanisms following TBI. Despite these advances, translating preclinical results to clinical application, particularly in elderly individuals, continues to be challenging. This review aims to provide a clinical perspective, identifying relevant variables currently not replicated in TBI animal models, to potentially improve translation to clinical practice, especially as it applies to elderly populations. As background for this clinical perspective, we reviewed articles indexed on PubMed from 1970 to 2019 that used aged animal models for studying TBI. These studies examined end points relevant for clinical translation, such as neurocognitive effects, sensorimotor behavior, physiological mechanisms, and efficacy of neuroprotective therapies. However, compared with the higher incidence of TBI in older individuals, animal studies on the basic science of aging and TBI remain remarkably scarce. Moreover, a fundamental disconnect remains between experiments in animal models of TBI and successful translation of findings for treating the older TBI population. In this article, we aim to provide a clinical perspective on the unique attributes of TBI in older individuals and a critical appraisal of the research to date on TBI in aged animal models as well as recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwane Iboaya
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Janna L Harris
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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15
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Hallett PJ, Engelender S, Isacson O. Lipid and immune abnormalities causing age-dependent neurodegeneration and Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:153. [PMID: 31331333 PMCID: PMC6647317 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes pathogenic concepts and factors, in particular glycolipid abnormalities, that create cell dysfunction and synaptic loss in neurodegenerative diseases. By phenocopying lysosomal storage disorders, such as Gaucher disease and related disorders, age- and dose-dependent changes in glycolipid cell metabolism can lead to Parkinson's disease and related dementias. Recent results show that perturbation of sphingolipid metabolism can precede or is a part of abnormal protein handling in both genetic and idiopathic Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. In aging and genetic predisposition with lipid disturbance, α-synuclein's normal vesicular and synaptic role may be detrimentally shifted toward accommodating and binding such lipids. Specific neuronal glycolipid, protein, and vesicular interactions create potential pathophysiology that is amplified by astroglial and microglial immune mechanisms resulting in neurodegeneration. This perspective provides a new logic for therapeutic interventions that do not focus on protein aggregation, but rather provides a guide to the complex biology and the common sequence of events that lead to age-dependent neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope J Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Simone Engelender
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Present Address: Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 31096, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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16
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Schwab N, Tator C, Hazrati LN. DNA damage as a marker of brain damage in individuals with history of concussions. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1008-1018. [PMID: 30760862 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0199-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common in many populations, including athletes, veterans, and domestic abuse victims. mTBI can cause chronic symptoms, including depression, irritability, memory problems, and attention deficits. A history of repetitive mTBI has been epidemiologically associated with developing early-onset dementia and neurodegenerative diseases and, in particular, is thought to be the underlying cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)-a progressive tauopathy diagnosed by the presence of perivascular hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) in the depths of cortical sulci. However, the scarce and focal pathology often seen in CTE does not correlate with the severity of symptoms experienced by patients. This paper proposes accumulation of γH2AX, a marker of double-stranded DNA damage, as a novel pathological marker to identify brain damage post-mTBI. We present two cases of men with history of mTBI. Immunohistochemistry revealed extensive DNA damage throughout the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and brainstem areas. Furthermore, gene expression profiling showed increases of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), two serine/threonine kinases recruited in response to double-strand breaks in the DNA damage response pathway. These cases highlight the complex pathophysiology of head trauma, and suggest DNA damage as the molecular mechanism behind mTBI-induced pathology and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schwab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Charles Tator
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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17
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Acosta G, Race N, Herr S, Fernandez J, Tang J, Rogers E, Shi R. Acrolein-mediated alpha-synuclein pathology involvement in the early post-injury pathogenesis of mild blast-induced Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. Mol Cell Neurosci 2019; 98:140-154. [PMID: 31201929 PMCID: PMC6690849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivors of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) have increased susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by α-synuclein aggregation and the progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Using an established bTBI rat model, we evaluated the changes of α-synuclein and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), known hallmarks of PD, and acrolein, a reactive aldehyde and marker of oxidative stress, with the aim of revealing key pathways leading to PD post-bTBI. Indicated in both animal models of PD and TBI, acrolein is likely a point of pathogenic convergence. Here we show that after a single mild bTBI, acrolein is elevated up to a week, systemically in urine, and in whole brain tissue, specifically the substantia nigra and striatum. Acrolein elevation is accompanied by heightened α-synuclein oligomerization, dopaminergic dysregulation, and acrolein/α-synuclein interaction in the same brain regions. We further show that acrolein can directly modify and oligomerize α-synuclein in vitro. Taken together, our data suggests acrolein likely plays an important role in inducing PD pathology following bTBI by encouraging α-synuclein aggregation. These results are expected to advance our understanding of the long-term post-bTBI pathological changes leading to the development of PD, and suggest intervention targets to curtail such pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen Acosta
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nicholas Race
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Seth Herr
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Program (PULSe), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Joseph Fernandez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan Tang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Edmond Rogers
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Program (PULSe), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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18
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Svingos AM, Asken BM, Jaffee MS, Bauer RM, Heaton SC. Predicting long-term cognitive and neuropathological consequences of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: Review and theoretical framework. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2019; 41:775-785. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2019.1620695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M. Svingos
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Breton M. Asken
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael S. Jaffee
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Russell M. Bauer
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shelley C. Heaton
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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19
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Maltsev AV, Borodina YV, Skuratovskaya LN, Kukharsky MS, Ovchinnikov RK, Razinskaya OD, Smirnov AP, Kovrazhkina EA, Ustyugov AA. [The association of gamma-synuclein autoantibodies with the polymorphism in exon 4 of the coding gene]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:68-70. [PMID: 30335075 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811809168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the polymorphism in exon 4 of the gamma-synuclein gene (SNCG) in patients with autoantibodies against the gamma-synuclein protein. MATERIAL AND METHODS To identify autoantibodies against gamma-synuclein, the serum from patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and cervical osteochondrosis was used. All patients were women of the Slavic ethnic group, mean age 61±5 years. The isolated genomic DNA was used to determine the point mutation in exon 4 by the restriction endonuclease HphI and subsequent sequencing of the resulting fragments to confirm the results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Antibodies against gamma-synuclein were identified in 2 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and 3 with cervical osteochondrosis. All five patients had a T to A substitution at position 371, which was detected by the restriction endonuclease HphI resulting in a hydrolysis of the amplicon and the formation of two fragments. The subsequent sequencing of exon 4 of the SNCG revealed no other mutations and confirmed the T to A substitution. This single nucleotide polymorphism results in the amino acid substitution of glutamic acid to valine at position 110 (out of 127), changing its physicochemical properties and the ability to form aggregates as well as post-translational modifications. The obtained results provide grounds for further association studies of SNCG polymorphism in patients with various diseases of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Maltsev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Yu V Borodina
- Hospital Scentific Center RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - L N Skuratovskaya
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Kukharsky
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - R K Ovchinnikov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O D Razinskaya
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A P Smirnov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Kovrazhkina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
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20
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Ikonomovic MD, Abrahamson EE, Carlson SW, Graham SH, Dixon CE. Novel therapies for combating chronic neuropathological sequelae of TBI. Neuropharmacology 2018; 145:160-176. [PMID: 29933008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for development of chronic neurodegenerative disorders later in life. This review summarizes the current knowledge and concepts regarding the connection between long-term consequences of TBI and aging-associated neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and Parkinsonism, with implications for novel therapy targets. Several aggregation-prone proteins such as the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, tau proteins, and α-synuclein protein are involved in secondary pathogenic cascades initiated by a TBI and are also major building blocks of the hallmark pathological lesions in chronic human neurodegenerative diseases with dementia. Impaired metabolism and degradation pathways of aggregation-prone proteins are discussed as potentially critical links between the long-term aftermath of TBI and chronic neurodegeneration. Utility and limitations of previous and current preclinical TBI models designed to study the link between TBI and chronic neurodegeneration, and promising intervention pharmacotherapies and non-pharmacologic strategies to break this link, are also summarized. Complexity of long-term neuropathological consequences of TBI is discussed, with a goal of guiding future preclinical studies and accelerating implementation of promising therapeutics into clinical trials. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Novel Treatments for Traumatic Brain Injury".
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos D Ikonomovic
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Eric E Abrahamson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shaun W Carlson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven H Graham
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Edward Dixon
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Ferguson SA, Mouzon BC, Lynch C, Lungmus C, Morin A, Crynen G, Carper B, Bieler G, Mufson EJ, Stewart W, Mullan M, Crawford F. Negative Impact of Female Sex on Outcomes from Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in hTau Mice Is Age Dependent: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:416. [PMID: 29311903 PMCID: PMC5744460 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health concern which strikes someone every 15 s on average in the US. Even mild TBI, which comprise as many as 75% of all TBI cases, carries long term consequences. The effects of age and sex on long term outcome from TBI is not fully understood, but due to the increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases after TBI it is important to understand how these factors influence the outcome from TBI. This study examined the neurobehavioral and neuropathological effects of age and sex on the outcome 15 days following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (r-mTBI) in mice transgenic for human tau (hTau). These mice express the six human isoforms of tau but do not express endogenous murine tau and they develop tau pathology and memory impairment in an age-dependent manner. After 5 mild impacts, aged female mice showed motor impairments that were absent in aged male mice, as well as younger animals. Conversely, aged female sham mice outperformed all other groups of aged mice in a Barnes maze spatial memory test. Pathologically, increases in IBA-1 and GFAP staining typically seen in this model of r-mTBI showed the expected increases with both injury and age, but phosphorylated tau stained with CP13 in the hippocampus (reduced in female sham mice compared to males) and PHF1 in the cortex (reduced in female TBI mice compared to male TBI mice) showed the only histological signs of sex-dependent differences in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Ferguson
- Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, United States.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Benoit C Mouzon
- Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, United States.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Benjamin Carper
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Gayle Bieler
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Elliott J Mufson
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - William Stewart
- Queen Elizabeth Glasgow University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fiona Crawford
- Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, United States.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States
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22
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Levy Nogueira M, Hamraz M, Abolhassani M, Bigan E, Lafitte O, Steyaert J, Dubois B, Schwartz L. Mechanical stress increases brain amyloid β, tau, and α‐synuclein concentrations in wild‐type mice. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 14:444-453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Levy Nogueira
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie Hôpital de la Pitié‐Salpêtrière, AP‐HP Paris France
- Institut de Recherche Translationnelle en Neurosciences (IHU‐A‐ICM) Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM) Paris France
| | | | | | - Erwan Bigan
- Laboratoire d'informatique (LIX), UMR 7161, École Polytechnique Université Paris‐Saclay Palaiseau France
| | - Olivier Lafitte
- LAGA, UMR 7539 Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité Villetaneuse France
| | - Jean‐Marc Steyaert
- Laboratoire d'informatique (LIX), UMR 7161, École Polytechnique Université Paris‐Saclay Palaiseau France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie Hôpital de la Pitié‐Salpêtrière, AP‐HP Paris France
- Institut de Recherche Translationnelle en Neurosciences (IHU‐A‐ICM) Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM) Paris France
- INSERM, CNRS, UMR‐S975 Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM) Paris France
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23
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Reams N, Anderson J, Perlman R, Li W, Walters S, Tideman S, Wang C, Simon K, Frigerio R, Maraganore DM. Investigating ioflupane I 123 injection and single photon emission tomography as an imaging biomarker for long-term sequelae following mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2017; 32:105-112. [PMID: 29131690 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1388443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether there were differences in clinical outcomes for ioflupane I123 injection (DaTscan) and single photon emission tomography consistent with early Parkinson's disease (PD) among individuals with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). METHODS We performed a case-control study among patients presenting to the Emergency Room (ER) during 2006-2013 with mTBI (cases, n = 34) or without mTBI (controls, n = 33). We performed clinical and imaging measurements in cases and controls at least 1-year post-presentation to the ER (average three years four months). RESULTS All DaTscans obtained were qualitatively normal. There were no qualitative DaTscan differences between cases and controls. There was, however, a significant increase in caudate asymmetry in controls versus cases (p = 0.02), but this finding was no longer significant after correction for multiple comparisons. There was a suggestion of a trend of poorer clinical score test measures among those with mTBI, although the overall mean score difference between cases and controls was not clinically significant. CONCLUSION Our small study does not provide support for DaTscan changes suggestive of PD in the one to seven years following mTBI. A trend towards poorer clinical measures was seen but was not clinically relevant in our small sample. Further work in a large population is necessary to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Reams
- a Department of Neurology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Julie Anderson
- a Department of Neurology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Reid Perlman
- b Department of Radiology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Wei Li
- b Department of Radiology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Shaun Walters
- c Statistical Core, Research Institute , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Samuel Tideman
- a Department of Neurology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Chi Wang
- c Statistical Core, Research Institute , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Kelly Simon
- a Department of Neurology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Roberta Frigerio
- a Department of Neurology , NorthShore University HealthSystem , Evanston , IL , USA
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24
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Camacho-Soto A, Warden MN, Searles Nielsen S, Salter A, Brody DL, Prather H, Racette BA. Traumatic brain injury in the prodromal period of Parkinson's disease: A large epidemiological study using medicare data. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:744-754. [PMID: 29024046 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies suggest a greater risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but it is possible that the risk of TBI is greater in the prodromal period of PD. We aimed to examine the time-to-TBI in PD patients in their prodromal period compared to population-based controls. METHODS We identified 89,790 incident PD cases and 118,095 comparable controls aged > 65 years in 2009 using Medicare claims data. Using data from the preceding 5 years, we compared time-to-TBI in PD patients in their prodromal period to controls. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for TBI in a Cox regression, while adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, modified Charlson comorbidity index, smoking, and alcohol use. RESULTS Risk of TBI was greater in PD patients in their prodromal period across all age and sex groups, with HRs consistently increasing with proximity to PD diagnosis. HRs ranged from 1.64 (95% CI, 1.52, 1.77) 5 years preceding diagnosis to 3.93 (95% CI, 3.74, 4.13) in the year before. The interaction between PD, TBI, and time was primarily observed for TBI attributed to falls. Motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment, suggested by corresponding International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, partially mediated the PD-TBI association. INTERPRETATION There is a strong association between PD and a recent TBI in the prodromal period of PD. This association strengthens as PD diagnosis approaches and may be a result of undetected nonmotor and motor symptoms, but confirmation will be required. Ann Neurol 2017;82:744-754.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark N Warden
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Amber Salter
- Washington University in St. Louis, Division of Biostatistics, St. Louis, MO
| | - David L Brody
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO
| | - Heidi Prather
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO.,Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brad A Racette
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO.,University of the Witwatersrand, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
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25
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Roman AY, Kovrazhkina EA, Razinskaya OD, Kukharsky MS, Maltsev AV, Ovchinnikov RK, Lytkina OA, Smirnov AP, Moskovtsev AA, Borodina YV, Surguchov AP, Ustyugov AA, Ninkina NN, Skvortsova VI. Detection of autoantibodies to potentially amyloidogenic protein, gamma-synuclein, in the serum of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cerebral circulatory disorders. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2017; 472:64-67. [PMID: 28421431 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672917010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed serum for the presence of antibodies to gamma-synuclein in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared to the control group of patients with other neurological diseases and healthy control donors. As a result, antibodies against gamma-synuclein are not an ALS-specific feature and have been identified in patients with ALS as well as in the control group patients. Patients with the impaired cerebral circulation showed increased incidence of autoantibodies to gamma-synuclein, yet the difference lacks statistical representativeness due to limited sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu Roman
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia.,Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, France
| | - E A Kovrazhkina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - O D Razinskaya
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - M S Kukharsky
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - A V Maltsev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia.
| | - R K Ovchinnikov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - O A Lytkina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - A P Smirnov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - A A Moskovtsev
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - Yu V Borodina
- Research Center Hospital, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia
| | | | - A A Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - N N Ninkina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia.,Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - V I Skvortsova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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26
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de Oliveira PA, Ben J, Matheus FC, Schwarzbold ML, Moreira ELG, Rial D, Walz R, Prediger RD. Moderate traumatic brain injury increases the vulnerability to neurotoxicity induced by systemic administration of 6-hydroxydopamine in mice. Brain Res 2017; 1663:78-86. [PMID: 28288867 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) might increase the vulnerability to neuronal neurodegeneration, but the basis of such selective neuronal susceptibility has remained elusive. In keeping with the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) caused by TBI, changes in BBB permeability following brain injury could facilitate the access of xenobiotics into the brain. To test this hypothesis, here we evaluated whether TBI would increase the susceptibility of nigrostriatal dopaminergic fibers to the systemic administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a classic neurotoxin used to trigger a PD-like phenotype in mice, but that in normal conditions is unable to cross the BBB. Adult Swiss mice were submitted to a moderate TBI using a free weight-drop device and, 5h later, they were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 6-OHDA (100mg/kg). Afterwards, during a period of 4weeks, the mice were submitted to a battery of behavioral tests, including the neurological severity score (NSS), the open field and the rotarod. Animals from the TBI plus 6-OHDA group displayed significant motor and neurological impairments that were improved by acute l-DOPA administration (25mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, the observation of the motor deficits correlates with (i) a significant decrease in the tyrosine hydroxylase levels mainly in the rostral striatum and (ii) a significant increase in the levels of striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels. On the whole, the present findings demonstrate that a previous moderate TBI event increases the susceptibility to motor, neurological and neurochemical alterations induced by systemic administration of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-OHDA in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Ben
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Filipe Carvalho Matheus
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Liborio Schwarzbold
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil; Centro de Neurociências Aplicadas (CeNAp), Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luiz Gasnhar Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rial
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Roger Walz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil; Centro de Neurociências Aplicadas (CeNAp), Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil
| | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88049-900, Brazil.
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27
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Goldman SM, Musgrove RE, Jewell SA, Di Monte DA. Pesticides and Parkinson's Disease: Current Experimental and Epidemiological Evidence. Advances in Neurotoxicology 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Cunningham MG, Yadollahikhales G, Vitaliano G, van Horne C. Administration of electroconvulsive therapy for depression associated with deep brain stimulation in a patient with post-traumatic Parkinson's Disease: a case study. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:399. [PMID: 27842519 PMCID: PMC5109836 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been shown to be effective for parkinsonian symptoms poorly responsive to medications. DBS is typically well-tolerated, as are the maintenance battery changes. Here we describe an adverse event during a battery replacement procedure that caused rapid onset of severe depression. CASE PRESENTATION The patient is a 58-year-old woman who was in a serious motor vehicle accident and sustained a concussion with loss of consciousness. Within weeks of the accident she began developing parkinsonian symptoms that progressively worsened over the subsequent 10 years. Responding poorly to medications, she received DBS, which controlled her movement symptoms. Five years after initiating DBS, during a routine battery change, an apparent electrical event occurred that triggered the rapid onset of severe depression. Anti-seizure and antidepressant medications were ineffective, and the patient was offered a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which resulted in complete reversal of her depressive episode. CONCLUSION Parkinson's syndrome can be seen after a single closed head injury event. Post-traumatic parkinsonism is responsive to DBS; however, DBS has been associated with an infrequent occurrence of dramatic disruption in mood. ECT is a therapeutic option for patients who develop intractable depressive illness associated with DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles G. Cunningham
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory for Neural Reconstruction, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Golnaz Yadollahikhales
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory for Neural Reconstruction, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Gordana Vitaliano
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Imaging Nanotechnology Group, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Craig van Horne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Deep Brain Stimulator Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40538 USA
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29
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Impellizzeri D, Campolo M, Bruschetta G, Crupi R, Cordaro M, Paterniti I, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E. Traumatic Brain Injury Leads to Development of Parkinson's Disease Related Pathology in Mice. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:458. [PMID: 27790086 PMCID: PMC5061819 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socio-economic problem that affects all societies. This condition results from the application of external physical strength to the brain that leads to transitory or permanent structural and functional impairments. Moreover, TBI is a risk factor for neurodegeneration and can e.g., increase the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD), a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder with loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. In this study, we wanted to explore the possible development of PD-related pathology within the context of an experimental model of TBI. Traumatic brain injury was induced in mice by controlled cortical impact. At different time points behavioral tests (open field, elevated plus maze tests, and Barnes maze) were performed: The animals were sacrificed 30 days after the impact and the brains were processed for Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. Following TBI there was a significant decrease in expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter in the substantia nigra as well as significant behavioral alterations. In addition, a strong increase in neuroinflammation was evident, as shown by increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase as well as IκB-α degradation and nuclear-κB translocation. Moreover, neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, nerve growth factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor were decreased 30 days post-TBI. Interestingly, we observed a significant accumulation of α-synuclein in microglia compared to astrocytes. This study suggests that PD-related molecular events can be triggered upon TBI. The biological mechanisms linking brain trauma and neurodegenerative diseases need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bruschetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of MessinaMessina, Italy; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis UniversitySt. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Messina, Italy
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30
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Carvajal FJ, Mattison HA, Cerpa W. Role of NMDA Receptor-Mediated Glutamatergic Signaling in Chronic and Acute Neuropathologies. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:2701526. [PMID: 27630777 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2701526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) have two opposing roles in the brain. On the one hand, NMDARs control critical events in the formation and development of synaptic organization and synaptic plasticity. On the other hand, the overactivation of NMDARs can promote neuronal death in neuropathological conditions. Ca(2+) influx acts as a primary modulator after NMDAR channel activation. An imbalance in Ca(2+) homeostasis is associated with several neurological diseases including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These chronic conditions have a lengthy progression depending on internal and external factors. External factors such as acute episodes of brain damage are associated with an earlier onset of several of these chronic mental conditions. Here, we will review some of the current evidence of how traumatic brain injury can hasten the onset of several neurological conditions, focusing on the role of NMDAR distribution and the functional consequences in calcium homeostasis associated with synaptic dysfunction and neuronal death present in this group of chronic diseases.
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31
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Fogerson SM, van Brummen AJ, Busch DJ, Allen SR, Roychaudhuri R, Banks SML, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G, Morgan JR. Reducing synuclein accumulation improves neuronal survival after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2016; 278:105-15. [PMID: 26854933 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury causes neuronal death, limiting subsequent regeneration and recovery. Thus, there is a need to develop strategies for improving neuronal survival after injury. Relative to our understanding of axon regeneration, comparatively little is known about the mechanisms that promote the survival of damaged neurons. To address this, we took advantage of lamprey giant reticulospinal neurons whose large size permits detailed examination of post-injury molecular responses at the level of individual, identified cells. We report here that spinal cord injury caused a select subset of giant reticulospinal neurons to accumulate synuclein, a synaptic vesicle-associated protein best known for its atypical aggregation and causal role in neurodegeneration in Parkinson's and other diseases. Post-injury synuclein accumulation took the form of punctate aggregates throughout the somata and occurred selectively in dying neurons, but not in those that survived. In contrast, another synaptic vesicle protein, synaptotagmin, did not accumulate in response to injury. We further show that the post-injury synuclein accumulation was greatly attenuated after single dose application of either the "molecular tweezer" inhibitor, CLR01, or a translation-blocking synuclein morpholino. Consequently, reduction of synuclein accumulation not only improved neuronal survival, but also increased the number of axons in the spinal cord proximal and distal to the lesion. This study is the first to reveal that reducing synuclein accumulation is a novel strategy for improving neuronal survival after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Fogerson
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States
| | - Alexandra J van Brummen
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States; Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - David J Busch
- Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Scott R Allen
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States
| | - Robin Roychaudhuri
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Susan M L Banks
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States
| | - Frank-Gerrit Klärner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Brain Research Institute and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Jennifer R Morgan
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States.
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32
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Cullen DK, Harris JP, Browne KD, Wolf JA, Duda JE, Meaney DF, Margulies SS, Smith DH. A Porcine Model of Traumatic Brain Injury via Head Rotational Acceleration. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1462:289-324. [PMID: 27604725 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3816-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Unique from other brain disorders, traumatic brain injury (TBI) generally results from a discrete biomechanical event that induces rapid head movement. The large size and high organization of the human brain makes it particularly vulnerable to traumatic injury from rotational accelerations that can cause dynamic deformation of the brain tissue. Therefore, replicating the injury biomechanics of human TBI in animal models presents a substantial challenge, particularly with regard to addressing brain size and injury parameters. Here we present the historical development and use of a porcine model of head rotational acceleration. By scaling up the rotational forces to account for difference in brain mass between swine and humans, this model has been shown to produce the same tissue deformations and identical neuropathologies found in human TBI. The parameters of scaled rapid angular accelerations applied for the model reproduce inertial forces generated when the human head suddenly accelerates or decelerates in falls, collisions, or blunt impacts. The model uses custom-built linkage assemblies and a powerful linear actuator designed to produce purely impulsive non-impact head rotation in different angular planes at controlled rotational acceleration levels. Through a range of head rotational kinematics, this model can produce functional and neuropathological changes across the spectrum from concussion to severe TBI. Notably, however, the model is very difficult to employ, requiring a highly skilled team for medical management, biomechanics, neurological recovery, and specialized outcome measures including neuromonitoring, neurophysiology, neuroimaging, and neuropathology. Nonetheless, while challenging, this clinically relevant model has proven valuable for identifying mechanisms of acute and progressive neuropathologies as well as for the evaluation of noninvasive diagnostic techniques and potential neuroprotective treatments following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 105E Hayden Hall/3320 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - James P Harris
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 105 Hayden Hall/3320 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin D Browne
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 105 Hayden Hall/3320 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John A Wolf
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 371 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John E Duda
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David F Meaney
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 105C Hayden Hall/3320 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan S Margulies
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 105D Hayden Hall/3320 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas H Smith
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 105E Hayden Hall/3320 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Surgucheva I, He S, Rich MC, Sharma R, Ninkina NN, Stahel PF, Surguchov A. Role of synucleins in traumatic brain injury — an experimental in vitro and in vivo study in mice. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 63:114-23. [PMID: 25447944 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Synucleins are small prone to aggregate proteins associated with several neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), however their role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an emerging area of investigation. Using in vitro scratch injury model and in vivo mouse weight-drop model we have found that the injury causes alterations in the expression and localization of synucleins near the damaged area. Before injury, α-synuclein is diffused in the cytoplasm of neurons and γ-synuclein is both in the cytoplasm and nucleus of oligodendrocytes. After the scratch injury of the mixed neuronal and glial culture, α-synuclein forms punctate structures in the cytoplasm of neurons and γ-synuclein is almost completely localized to the nucleus of the oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, the amount of post-translationally modified Met38-oxidized γ-synuclein is increased 3.8 fold 24 h after the scratch. α- and γ-synuclein containing cells increased in the initially cell free scratch zone up to 24 h after the scratch.Intracellular expression and localization of synucleins are also changed in a mouse model of focal closed head injury, using a standardized weight drop device. γ-Synuclein goes from diffuse to punctate staining in a piriform cortex near the amygdala, which may reflect the first steps in the formation of deposits/inclusions. Surprisingly, oxidized γ-synuclein co-localizes with cofilin-actin rods in the thalamus, which are absent in all other regions of the brain. These structures reach their peak amounts 7 days after injury. The changes in γ-synuclein localization are accompanied by injury-induced alterations in the morphology of both astrocytes and neurons.
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Daneshvar DH, Goldstein LE, Kiernan PT, Stein TD, McKee AC. Post-traumatic neurodegeneration and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 66:81-90. [PMID: 25758552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. Concussive and subconcussive forms of closed-head injury due to impact or blast neurotrauma represent the most common types of TBI in civilian and military settings. It is becoming increasingly evident that TBI can lead to persistent, long-term debilitating effects, and in some cases, progressive neurodegeneration and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The epidemiological literature suggests that a single moderate-to-severe TBI may be associated with accelerated neurodegeneration and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or motor neuron disease. However, the pathologic phenotype of these post-traumatic neurodegenerations is largely unknown and there may be pathobiological differences between post-traumatic disease and the corresponding sporadic disorder. By contrast, the pathology of CTE is increasingly well known and is characterized by a distinctive pattern of progressive brain atrophy and accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary and glial tangles, dystrophic neurites, 43 kDa TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) neuronal and glial aggregates, microvasculopathy, myelinated axonopathy, neuroinflammation, and white matter degeneration. Clinically, CTE is associated with behavioral changes, executive dysfunction, memory deficits, and cognitive impairments that begin insidiously and most often progress slowly over decades. Although research on the long-term effects of TBI is advancing quickly, the incidence and prevalence of post-traumatic neurodegeneration and CTE are unknown. Critical knowledge gaps include elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms, identification of genetic risk factors, and clarification of relevant variables-including age at exposure to trauma, history of prior and subsequent head trauma, substance use, gender, stress, and comorbidities-all of which may contribute to risk profiles and the development of post-traumatic neurodegeneration and CTE. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Traumatic Brain Injury'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Daneshvar
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lee E Goldstein
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Photonics Center, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick T Kiernan
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130, USA
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Pham N, Sawyer TW, Wang Y, Jazii FR, Vair C, Taghibiglou C. Primary blast-induced traumatic brain injury in rats leads to increased prion protein in plasma: a potential biomarker for blast-induced traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2015; 32:58-65. [PMID: 25058115 PMCID: PMC4273182 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is deemed the "signature injury" of recent military conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, largely because of increased blast exposure. Injuries to the brain can often be misdiagnosed, leading to further complications in the future. Therefore, the use of protein biomarkers for the screening and diagnosis of TBI is urgently needed. In the present study, we have investigated the plasma levels of soluble cellular prion protein (PrPC) as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of primary blast-induced TBI (bTBI). We hypothesize that the primary blast wave can disrupt the brain and dislodge extracellular localized PrPC, leading to a rise in concentration within the systemic circulation. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to single pulse shockwave overpressures of varying intensities (15-30 psi or 103.4-206.8 kPa] using an advanced blast simulator. Blood plasma was collected 24 h after insult, and PrPC concentration was determined with a modified commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for PrPC. We provide the first report that mean PrPC concentration in primary blast exposed rats (3.97 ng/mL ± 0.13 SE) is significantly increased compared with controls (2.46 ng/mL ± 0.14 SE; two tailed test p < 0.0001). Furthermore, we report a mild positive rank correlation between PrPC concentration and increasing blast intensity (psi) reflecting a plateaued response at higher pressure magnitudes, which may have implications for all military service members exposed to blast events. In conclusion, it appears that plasma levels of PrPC may be a novel biomarker for the detection of primary bTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Pham
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Thomas W. Sawyer
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Center, Ralston, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yushan Wang
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Center, Ralston, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ferdous Rastgar Jazii
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Cory Vair
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Suffield Research Center, Ralston, Alberta, Canada
| | - Changiz Taghibiglou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury, a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, is divided into three grades of severity: mild, moderate, and severe, based on the Glasgow Coma Scale, the loss of consciousness, and the development of post-traumatic amnesia. Although mild traumatic brain injury, including concussion and subconcussion, is by far the most common, it is also the most difficult to diagnose and the least well understood. Proper recognition, management, and treatment of acute concussion and mild traumatic brain injury are the fundamentals of an emerging clinical discipline. It is also becoming increasingly clear that some mild traumatic brain injuries have persistent, and sometimes progressive, long-term debilitating effects. Evidence indicates that a single traumatic brain injury can precipitate or accelerate multiple age-related neurodegenerations, increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and motor neuron disease, and that repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries can provoke the development of a tauopathy, chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Clinically, chronic traumatic encephalopathy is associated with behavioral changes, executive dysfunction, memory loss, and cognitive impairments that begin insidiously and progress slowly over decades. Pathologically, chronic traumatic encephalopathy produces atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes, thalamus, and hypothalamus, septal abnormalities, and abnormal deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau (τ) as neurofibrillary tangles and disordered neurites throughout the brain. The incidence and prevalence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and the genetic risk factors critical to its development are currently unknown. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy frequently occurs as a sole diagnosis, but may be associated with other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and motor neuron disease. Currently, chronic traumatic encephalopathy can be diagnosed only at autopsy; however, promising efforts to develop imaging, spinal fluid, and peripheral blood biomarkers are underway to diagnose and monitor the course of disease in living subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann C Mckee
- VA Boston HealthCare System; Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, and Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel H Daneshvar
- VA Boston HealthCare System; Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, and Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Pearce N, Gallo V, McElvenny D. Head trauma in sport and neurodegenerative disease: an issue whose time has come? Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:1383-9. [PMID: 25725943 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of small studies and anecdotal reports have been suggested that sports involving repeated head trauma may have long-term risks of neurodegenerative disease. There are now plausible mechanisms for these effects, and a recognition that these problems do not just occur in former boxers, but in a variety of sports involving repeated concussions, and possibly also in sports in which low-level head trauma is common. These neurodegenerative effects potentially include increased risks of impaired cognitive function and dementia, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Many would argue for taking a precautionary approach and immediately banning or restricting sports such as boxing. However, there are important public health issues in terms of how wide the net should be cast in terms of other sports, and what remedial measures could be taken? This in turn requires a major research effort involving both clinical and basic research to understand the underlying mechanisms, leading from head trauma to neurodegenerative disease and epidemiologic studies to assess the long-term consequences.
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Gan M, Moussaud S, Jiang P, McLean PJ. Extracellular ATP induces intracellular alpha-synuclein accumulation via P2X1 receptor-mediated lysosomal dysfunction. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 36:1209-20. [PMID: 25480524 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The pathologic hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αsyn) in susceptible neurons in the form of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. The etiology of PD remains unclear. Because brain injury has been suggested to facilitate αsyn aggregation, we investigated whether cellular breakdown products from damaged cells can act on neighboring healthy cells and cause intracellular αsyn accumulation and/or aggregation. Using 2 neuronal cell models, we found that extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) induced a significant increase in intracellular αsyn levels between 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Further investigation revealed that the observed αsyn accumulation is a result of lysosome dysfunction caused by extracellular ATP-induced elevation of lysosomal pH. Interestingly, P2X1 receptor appears to mediate the cells' response to extracellular ATP. Although Ca(2+) influx via P2X1 receptor is necessary for αsyn accumulation, Ca(2+) influx per se is not sufficient for increased αsyn accumulation. These findings provide new insight into our knowledge of the role of P2X receptors in PD pathogenesis and may be helpful in identifying new therapeutic targets for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gan
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Simon Moussaud
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Peizhou Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Pamela J McLean
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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Lee PC, Bordelon Y, Bronstein J, Sinsheimer JS, Farrer M, Ritz B. Head injury, α-synuclein genetic variability and Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2014; 22:874-8. [PMID: 25370538 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Head injury has been linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) in some but not all studies. Differences in the genetic and environmental susceptibility to PD between populations might be one explanation. The joint effects of head injuries and SNCA genetic variants were investigated. METHODS From 2001 to 2012, 561 incident idiopathic PD cases and 721 population controls from central California were enrolled. Subjects reported on head injuries throughout their lifetime and were assessed for genetic variability in the SNCA 5' region (D4S3481; Rep1) and 3' untranslated region (rs356165). In unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for confounders, interactions between head injuries and genetic risk variants were investigated. RESULTS Parkinson's disease risk in individuals with head injury who are carriers of at least one 263 bp allele in D4S3481 or rs356165 variants was 3-4.5-fold higher compared with non-carriers without head injuries. However, tests for interaction between head injury and SNCA D4S3481or rs356165 were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study finds some evidence that head injury and D4S3481 or rs356165 variants jointly increase the risk of PD but little evidence of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Lee
- Department of Health Care Management, College of Healthcare Administration and Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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Liu L, Sun T, Liu Z, Chen X, Zhao L, Qu G, Li Q. Traumatic brain injury dysregulates microRNAs to modulate cell signaling in rat hippocampus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103948. [PMID: 25089700 PMCID: PMC4121204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause for cognitive and communication problems, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Epigenetic modifications, such as microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation, may underlie altered gene expression in the brain, especially hippocampus that plays a major role in spatial learning and memory and is vulnerable to TBI. To advance our understanding of miRNA in pathophysiological processes of TBI, we carried out a time-course microarray analysis of microRNA expression profile in rat ipsilateral hippocampus and examined histological changes, apoptosis and synapse ultrastructure of hippocampus post moderate TBI. We found that 10 out of 156 reliably detected miRNAs were significantly and consistently altered from one hour to seven days after injury. Bioinformatic and gene ontology analyses revealed 107 putative target genes, as well as several biological processes that might be initiated by those dysregulated miRNAs. Among those differentially expressed microRNAs, miR-144, miR-153 and miR-340-5p were confirmed to be elevated at all five time points after TBI by quantitative RT-PCR. Western blots showed three of the predicated target proteins, calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and alpha-synuclein (SNCA), were concurrently down- regulated, suggesting that miR-144, miR-153 and miR-340-5p may play important roles collaboratively in the pathogenesis of TBI-induced cognitive and memory impairments. These microRNAs might serve as potential targets for progress assessment and intervention against TBI to mitigate secondary damage to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyi Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (QL)
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqiang Qu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjie Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZL); (QL)
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Sacino AN, Brooks M, Thomas MA, McKinney AB, Lee S, Regenhardt RW, McGarvey NH, Ayers JI, Notterpek L, Borchelt DR, Golde TE, Giasson BI. Intramuscular injection of α-synuclein induces CNS α-synuclein pathology and a rapid-onset motor phenotype in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:10732-7. [PMID: 25002524 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1321785111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that α-synuclein (αS) misfolding may begin in peripheral nerves and spread to the central nervous system (CNS), leading to Parkinson disease and related disorders. Although recent data suggest that αS pathology can spread within the mouse brain, there is no direct evidence for spread of disease from a peripheral site. In the present study, we show that hind limb intramuscular (IM) injection of αS can induce pathology in the CNS in the human Ala53Thr (M83) and wild-type (M20) αS transgenic (Tg) mouse models. Within 2-3 mo after IM injection in αS homozygous M83 Tg mice and 3-4 mo for hemizygous M83 Tg mice, these animals developed a rapid, synchronized, and predictable induction of widespread CNS αS inclusion pathology, accompanied by astrogliosis, microgliosis, and debilitating motor impairments. In M20 Tg mice, starting at 4 mo after IM injection, we observed αS inclusion pathology in the spinal cord, but motor function remained intact. Transection of the sciatic nerve in the M83 Tg mice significantly delayed the appearance of CNS pathology and motor symptoms, demonstrating the involvement of retrograde transport in inducing αS CNS inclusion pathology. Outside of scrapie-mediated prion disease, to our knowledge, this findiing is the first evidence that an entire neurodegenerative proteinopathy associated with a robust, lethal motor phenotype can be initiated by peripheral inoculation with a pathogenic protein. Furthermore, this facile, synchronized rapid-onset model of α-synucleinopathy will be highly valuable in testing disease-modifying therapies and dissecting the mechanism(s) that drive αS-induced neurodegeneration.
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Evans TM, Van Remmen H, Purkar A, Mahesula S, Gelfond JA, Sabia M, Qi W, Lin AL, Jaramillo CA, Haskins WE. Microwave & Magnetic (M 2) Proteomics of a Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Transl Proteom 2014; 3:10-21. [PMID: 26157646 DOI: 10.1016/j.trprot.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-term increases in oxidative stress and decreases in motor function, including debilitating effects on balance and motor control, can occur following primary mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI). However, the long-term effects on motor unit impairment and integrity as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying secondary injuries are poorly understood. We hypothesized that changes in central nervous system-specific protein (CSP) expression might correlate to these long-term effects. To test our hypothesis, we longitudinally assessed a closed-skull mTBI mouse model, vs. sham control, at 1, 7, 30, and 120 days post-injury. Motor impairment was determined by rotarod and grip strength performance measures, while motor unit integrity was determined using electromyography. Relative protein expression was determined by microwave & magnetic (M2) proteomics of ipsilateral brain tissue, as previously described. Isoprostane measurements were performed to confirm a primary oxidative stress response. Decoding the relative expression of 476 ± 56 top-ranked proteins for each specimen revealed statistically significant changes in the expression of two well-known CSPs at 1, 7 and 30 days post-injury: P < 0.001 for myelin basic protein (MBP) and P < 0.05 for myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG). This was confirmed by Western blot. Moreover, MAG, αII-spectrin (SPNA2) and neurofilament light (NEFL) expression at 30 days post-injury were directly related to grip strength (P < 0.05). While higher-powered studies of larger cohorts merit further investigation, this study supports the proof-of-concept that M2 proteomics is a rapid method to quantify putative protein biomarkers and therapeutic targets of mTBI and suggests the feasibility of CSP expression correlations to long-term effects on motor impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Evans
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA ; Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anjali Purkar
- Pediatric Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Swetha Mahesula
- Pediatric Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - J Al Gelfond
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Marian Sabia
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Wenbo Qi
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ai-Ling Lin
- Research Imaging Institute, Barshop Institute and Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, USA
| | - Carlos A Jaramillo
- Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - William E Haskins
- Pediatric Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Marras C, Hincapié CA, Kristman VL, Cancelliere C, Soklaridis S, Li A, Borg J, af Geijerstam JL, Cassidy JD. Systematic review of the risk of Parkinson's disease after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95:S238-44. [PMID: 24581909 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize the best available evidence on the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). DATA SOURCES MEDLINE and other databases were searched (1990-2012) with terms including "craniocerebral trauma" and "parkinsonian disorders." Reference lists of eligible articles and relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses were also searched. STUDY SELECTION Controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies were selected according to predefined criteria. Studies had to have a minimum of 30 concussion cases. DATA EXTRACTION Eligible studies were critically appraised using a modification of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria. Two reviewers independently reviewed and extracted data from accepted studies into evidence tables. DATA SYNTHESIS Evidence was synthesized qualitatively according to modified Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria. Sixty-five studies were eligible and reviewed, and 5 of these with a low risk of bias were accepted as scientifically admissible and form the basis of our findings. Among these admissible studies, the definitions of MTBI were highly heterogeneous. One study found a significant positive association between MTBI and PD (odds ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-1.7). The estimated odds ratio decreased with increasing latency between MTBI and PD diagnosis, which suggests reverse causality. The other 4 studies did not find a significant association. CONCLUSIONS The best available evidence argues against an important causal association between MTBI and PD. There are few high-quality studies on this topic. Prospective studies of long duration would address the limitations of recall of head injury and the possibility of reverse causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie Marras
- Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre, and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Research, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Cesar A Hincapié
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicki L Kristman
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Human Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol Cancelliere
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Alvin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jörgen Borg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Luc af Geijerstam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J David Cassidy
- Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Begum G, Yan HQ, Li L, Singh A, Dixon CE, Sun D. Docosahexaenoic acid reduces ER stress and abnormal protein accumulation and improves neuronal function following traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci 2014; 34:3743-55. [PMID: 24599472 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2872-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the development of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the efficacy of post-TBI administration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in reducing ER stress. TBI was induced by cortical contusion injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. Either DHA (16 mg/kg in DMSO) or vehicle DMSO (1 ml/kg) was administered intraperitoneally at 5 min after TBI, followed by a daily dose for 3-21 d. TBI triggered sustained expression of the ER stress marker proteins including phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor-2α, activating transcription factor 4, inositol requiring kinase 1, and C/EBP homologous protein in the ipsilateral cortex at 3-21 d after TBI. The prolonged ER stress was accompanied with an accumulation of abnormal ubiquitin aggregates and increased expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) in the frontal cortex after TBI. The ER stress marker proteins were colocalized with APP accumulation in the soma. Interestingly, administration of DHA attenuated all ER stress marker proteins and reduced the accumulation of both ubiquitinated proteins and APP/p-Tau proteins. In addition, the DHA-treated animals exhibited early recovery of their sensorimotor function after TBI. In summary, our study demonstrated that TBI induces a prolonged ER stress, which is positively correlated with abnormal APP accumulation. The sustained ER stress may play a role in chronic neuronal damage after TBI. Our findings illustrate that post-TBI administration of DHA has therapeutic potentials in reducing ER stress, abnormal protein accumulation, and neurological deficits.
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Wang F, Franco R, Skotak M, Hu G, Chandra N. Mechanical stretch exacerbates the cell death in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to paraquat: mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Neurotoxicology 2014; 41:54-63. [PMID: 24462953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that traumatic brain injury (TBI) and pesticide exposure increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. Using an in vitro model of TBI, we evaluated the role of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by stretch on dopaminergic cell death upon paraquat exposure. Human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells grown on silicone membrane were stretched at mild (25%) and moderate (50%) strain prior to paraquat exposure. We observed that moderate stretch (50% strain) increased the vulnerability of cells to paraquat demonstrated by the loss of plasma membrane integrity (propidium iodide-uptake) and decreased mitochondrial activity (MTT assay). Mitochondrial depolarization occurred immediately after stretch, while mitochondrial ROS increased rapidly and remained elevated for up to 4h after the stretch injury. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) stores were also transiently decreased immediately after moderate stretch. Cells treated with paraquat, or moderate stretch exhibited negligible mitochondrial depolarization at 48h post treatment, whereas in cells stretched prior to paraquat exposure, a significant mitochondrial depolarization occurred compared to samples exposed to either paraquat or stretch. Moderate stretch also increased mitochondrial ROS formation, as well as exacerbated intracellular GSH loss induced by paraquat. Overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) markedly diminished the deleterious effects of stretch in paraquat neurotoxicity. Our findings demonstrate that oxidative stress induced by mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the synergistic toxic effects of stretch (TBI) and pesticide exposure. Mitigation of oxidative stress via mitochondria-targeted antioxidants appears an attractive route for treatment of neurodegeneration mediated by TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Center & School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0905, USA
| | - Maciej Skotak
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0526, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Namas Chandra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102-1982, USA.
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Sundman MH, Hall EE, Chen NK. Examining the relationship between head trauma and neurodegenerative disease: A review of epidemiology, pathology and neuroimaging techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4. [PMID: 25324979 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are induced by sudden acceleration-deceleration and/or rotational forces acting on the brain. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) has been identified as one of the chief underlying causes of morbidity and mortality in head trauma incidents. DAIs refer to microscopic white matter (WM) injuries as a result of shearing forces that induce pathological and anatomical changes within the brain, which potentially contribute to significant impairments later in life. These microscopic injuries are often unidentifiable by the conventional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) scans employed by emergency departments to initially assess head trauma patients and, as a result, TBIs are incredibly difficult to diagnose. The impairments associated with TBI may be caused by secondary mechanisms that are initiated at the moment of injury, but often have delayed clinical presentations that are difficult to assess due to the initial misdiagnosis. As a result, the true consequences of these head injuries may go unnoticed at the time of injury and for many years thereafter. The purpose of this review is to investigate these consequences of TBI and their potential link to neurodegenerative disease (ND). This review will summarize the current epidemiological findings, the pathological similarities, and new neuroimaging techniques that may help delineate the relationship between TBI and ND. Lastly, this review will discuss future directions and propose new methods to overcome the limitations that are currently impeding research progress. It is imperative that improved techniques are developed to adequately and retrospectively assess TBI history in patients that may have been previously undiagnosed in order to increase the validity and reliability across future epidemiological studies. The authors introduce a new surveillance tool (Retrospective Screening of Traumatic Brain Injury Questionnaire, RESTBI) to address this concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Sundman
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eric E Hall
- Department of Exercise Science, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Nan-Kuei Chen
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects all age groups in a population and is an injury generating scientific interest not only as an acute event, but also as a complex brain disease with several underlying neurobehavioral and neuropathological characteristics. We review early and long-term alterations after juvenile and adult TBI with a focus on changes in the neurovascular unit (NVU), including neuronal interactions with glia and blood vessels at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Post-traumatic changes in cerebral blood-flow, BBB structures and function, as well as mechanistic pathways associated with brain aging and neurodegeneration are presented from clinical and experimental reports. Based on the literature, increased attention on BBB changes should be integrated in studies characterizing TBI outcome and may provide a meaningful therapeutic target to resolve detrimental post-traumatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pop
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA
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Shahaduzzaman M, Acosta S, Bickford PC, Borlongan CV. α-Synuclein is a pathological link and therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81:675-80. [PMID: 23920272 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects more than 1% of population over 65 and it is characterized by gradual loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and wide spread accumulation of α-synuclein. Collectively 30% of familial and 3-5% of sporadic form of PD are associated with genetic mutation. Compelling evidence implicates that in addition to inherited factors, acquired co-morbidities contribute to PD pathology. Here, we hypothesize that traumatic brain injury (TBI) exacerbates nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration by modulating PD-associated genes including α-synuclein, DJ-1, LRRK2, among others. Thus this article will present speculative arguments of a genetic component contributing to this TBI and PD pathological overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahaduzzaman
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Irwin DJ, Trojanowski JQ. Many roads to Parkinson's disease neurodegeneration: head trauma-a road more traveled than we know? Mov Disord 2013; 28:1167-70. [PMID: 23836759 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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