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Xiang H, Liu M, Zhou C, Huang Y, Zhang Y, He P, Ye Z, Yang S, Zhang Y, Gan X, Qin X. Tea Consumption, Milk or Sweeteners Addition, Genetic Variation in Caffeine Metabolism, and Incident Venous Thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2024. [PMID: 38729191 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between tea consumption and venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between tea consumption with different additives (milk and/or sweeteners) and incident VTE, and the modifying effects of genetic variation in caffeine metabolism on the association. METHODS A total of 190,189 participants with complete dietary information and free of VTE at baseline in the UK Biobank were included. The primary outcome was incident VTE, including incident deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 4,485 (2.4%) participants developed incident VTE. Compared with non-tea drinkers, tea drinkers who added neither milk nor sweeteners (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.85; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.76-0.94), only milk (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.80-0.93), and both milk and sweeteners to their tea (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81-0.99) had a lower risk of VTE, while those who added only sweeteners to their tea did not (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.75-1.17). Moreover, there was an L-shaped relationship between tea consumption and incident VTE among tea drinkers who added neither milk nor sweeteners, only milk, and both milk and sweeteners to their tea, respectively. However, a nonsignificant association was found among tea drinkers who added only sweeteners to their tea. Genetic variation in caffeine metabolism did not significantly modify the association (p-interaction = 0.659). CONCLUSION Drinking unsweetened tea, with or without added milk, was associated with a lower risk of VTE. However, there was no significant association between drinking tea with sweeteners and incident VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyi Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziliang Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
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Kanu VR, Pulakuntla S, Kuruvalli G, Aramgam S, Marthadu SB, Pannuru P, Hebbani AV, Desai PPD, Badri KR, Vaddi DR. Anti-atherogenic role of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in South Indian smokers. J Ethnopharmacol 2024:118298. [PMID: 38714238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a popular beverage consumed all over the world due to its health benefits. Many of these beneficial effects of green tea are attributed to polyphenols, particularly catechins. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study focuses on underlying anti-platelet aggregation, anti-thrombotic, and anti-lipidemic molecular mechanisms of green tea in South Indian smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 120 South Indian male volunteers for this study to collect the blood and categorised them into four groups; control group individuals (Controls), smokers, healthy control individuals consuming green tea, and smokers consuming green tea. Smokers group subjects have been smoking an average 16-18 cigarettes per day for the last 7 years or more. The subjects (green tea consumed groups) consumed 100 mL of green tea each time, thrice a day for a one-year period. RESULTS LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of multiple phytocompounds along with catechins in green tea extract. Increased plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyls, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol with decreased HDL-cholesterol levels were observed in smokers compared to the control group and the consumption of green tea showed beneficial effect. Furthermore, docking studies revealed that natural compounds of green tea had high binding energy with 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA) when compared to their positive controls, whereas (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-) epicatechin-gallate (ECG) had high binding energy with sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP1c). Further, our ex vivo studies showed that green tea extract (GTE) significantly inhibited platelet aggregation and increased thrombolytic activity in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION In conclusion, in smokers, catechins synergistically lower oxidative stress, platelet aggregation and modify an aberrant lipid profile. Furthermore, molecular docking studies supported green tea catechins' antihyperlipidemic efficacy through strong inhibitory activity on HMG-CoA reductase and SREBP1c. The mitigating effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors in smokers that have been reported can be attributed majorly to catechins or to their synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swetha Pulakuntla
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore) -560064, KA, India
| | - Gouthami Kuruvalli
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore) -560064, KA, India
| | - Sreelatha Aramgam
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore) -560064, KA, India; Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, GA, Atlanta-30310, USA
| | | | - Padmavathi Pannuru
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore) -560064, KA, India
| | | | | | - Kameswara Rao Badri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, GA, Atlanta-30310, USA; Clinical Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Clinical Research Center, Morehouse School of Medicine, GA, Atlanta-30310, USA.
| | - Damodara Reddy Vaddi
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore) -560064, KA, India; Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu-515003, AP, India.
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Yao Q, Qiao H, Cheng Y, Du H, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Wang H, Liu S, Xu M, Xiong W. The role of green tea intake in thromboprophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1296774. [PMID: 38757129 PMCID: PMC11096554 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1296774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Green tea intake has been reported to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with cardiovascular diseases or cancer. It may have a certain role in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among cancer patients. The current study aimed to address this issue, which has been understudied. Methods We carried out a retrospective study to explore the role of green tea intake in cancer patients. Patients with and without green tea intake were enrolled in a 1:1 ratio by using propensity scoring matching. The primary and secondary outcomes were VTE development and mortality 1 year after cancer diagnosis, respectively. Results The cancer patients with green tea intake (n = 425) had less VTE development (10 [2.4%] vs. 23 [5.4%], p = 0.021), VTE-related death (7 [1.6%] vs. 18 [4.2%], p = 0.026), and fatal pulmonary embolism (PE) (3 [0.7%] vs. 12 [2.8%], p = 0.019), compared with those without green tea intake (n = 425). No intake of green tea was correlated with an increase in VTE development (multivariate hazard ratio (HR) 1.758 [1.476-2.040], p < 0.001) and VTE-related mortality (HR 1.618 [1.242-1.994], p = 0.001), compared with green tea intake. Patients with green tea intake less than 525 mL per day had increased VTE development (area under the curve (AUC) 0.888 [0.829-0.947], p < 0.001; HR1.737 [1.286-2.188], p = 0.001) and VTE-related mortality (AUC 0.887 [0.819-0.954], p < 0.001; HR 1.561 [1.232-1.890], p = 0.016) than those with green tea intake more than 525 mL per day. Green tea intake caused a decrease in platelet (p < 0.001) instead of D-dimer (p = 0.297). The all-cause mortality rates were similar between green tea (39 [9.2%]) and non-green tea (48 [11.3%]) intake groups (p = 0.308), whereas the VTE-related mortality rate in the green tea intake group (7 [1.6%]) was lower than that of the non-green tea intake group (18 [4.2%]) (p = 0.026). The incidences of adverse events were similar between the green tea and non-green tea intake groups. Conclusion In conclusion, the current study suggests that green tea intake reduces VTE development and VTE-related mortality in cancer patients, most likely through antiplatelet mechanisms. Drinking green tea provides the efficacy of thromboprophylaxis for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihuan Yao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kongjiang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kongjiang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - He Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji, University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Department of TCM Dermatology, Kongjiang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chongming Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of General Practice, North Bund Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Kello N, Cho YM. Natural supplements in antiphospholipid syndrome: A case for further study. Clin Immunol 2024; 258:109848. [PMID: 38036277 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombotic events and/or pregnancy complications in the presence of persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Although long-term anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists is considered standard of care, there is an unmet need for safe therapeutics as primary thromboprophylaxis or adjuncts to standard of care in APS. APS is driven by oxidative stress, procoagulant, proinflammatory and angiogenic pathways. For these reasons there has been an increased interest into the investigation of antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of natural supplements in APS. The objective of this review is to summarize the mechanistic, epidemiologic and clinical evidence behind the use of natural supplements in APS, with a specific focus on vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, gingerol, and isoquercetin. This review should serve as a compelling argument for the future study of natural supplements in APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kello
- Northwell Health, Division of Rheumatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Great Neck, NY, United States of America.
| | - Young Min Cho
- Northwell Health, Division of Rheumatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Great Neck, NY, United States of America
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Guo J, Li K, Lin Y, Liu Y. Protective effects and molecular mechanisms of tea polyphenols on cardiovascular diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1202378. [PMID: 37448666 PMCID: PMC10336229 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1202378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most important factor contributing to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the incidence and severity of cardiovascular events tend to increase with age. Currently, CVD is the leading cause of death in the global population. In-depth analysis of the mechanisms and interventions of cardiovascular aging and related diseases is an important basis for achieving healthy aging. Tea polyphenols (TPs) are the general term for the polyhydroxy compounds contained in tea leaves, whose main components are catechins, flavonoids, flavonols, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, condensed phenolic acids and polymeric phenols. Among them, catechins are the main components of TPs. In this article, we provide a detailed review of the classification and composition of teas, as well as an overview of the causes of aging-related CVDs. Then, we focus on ten aspects of the effects of TPs, including anti-hypertension, lipid-lowering effects, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-proliferation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-atherosclerosis, recovery of endothelial function, anti-thrombosis, myocardial protective effect, to improve CVDs and the detailed molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Li
- General Surgery Department, The First People’s Hospital of Tai’an City, Tai’an, China
| | - Yajun Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Prakash S, Ghosh A, Nayek A, Kiran S. The Platelet Aggregation Inhibition Activity of Polyphenols can be mediated by 67kda Laminin Receptor: A New Therapeutic Strategy For the Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2023; 22:CHAMC-EPUB-129884. [PMID: 36852811 DOI: 10.2174/1871525721666230228120500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombotic disease is still a major killer. Aspirin, Ticagrelor, Clopidogrel, etc. are the most widely used conventional antiplatelet drugs. The significant number of patients who are resistant to this drug shows a poor outcome. OBJECTIVE Developing a new antiplatelet agent with a stable antiplatelet effect and minimal bleeding risk is required for a patient who is resistant to antiplatelet drugs. METHOD Protein-ligand docking was performed using Autodock Vina 1.1.2 to study the interaction of 67LR with different Polyphenols. RESULT Among the 18 polyphenols, thearubigin has the highest binding affinity towards 67LR and gallic acid shows the lowest binding affinity. Among the 18 molecules, the top 10 molecules from the highest to lowest binding affinity range from-10.6 (thearubigin) to -6.5 (Epigallocatechin). CONCLUSION Polyphenols may inhibit platelet aggregation through 67 LR and can be an alternative treatment for Thrombotic Disease. Moreover, it will be interesting to know whether polyphenols interfere with the same pathways as aspirin and clopidogrel. Effective polyphenols could help prototype the compound development of novel antiplatelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Prakash
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Arnab Nayek
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheetal Kiran
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Dinda B, Dinda S, Dinda M. Therapeutic potential of green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Major interactions with host/virus proteases. Phytomed Plus 2023; 3:100402. [PMID: 36597465 PMCID: PMC9800022 DOI: 10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current COVID-19 pandemic from the human pathogenic virus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a major health hazard globally. The morbidity and transmission modality of this disease are severe and uncontrollable. As no effective clinical drugs are available for treatment of COVID-19 infection till to date and only vaccination is used as prophylaxis and its efficacy is restricted due to emergent of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need for effective drugs for its treatment. PURPOSE The aim of this review was to provide a detailed analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), a major catechin constituent of green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) beverage to highlight the scope of EGCG in clinical medicine as both prophylaxis and treatment of present COVID-19 infection. In addition, the factors related to poor oral bioavailabilty of EGCG was also analysed for a suggestion for future research in this direction. STUDY DESIGN We collected the published articles related to anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of EGCG against the original strain (Wuhan type) and its newly emerged variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus. METHODS A systematic search on the published literature was conducted in various databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus to collect the relevant literature. RESULTS The findings of this search demonstrate that EGCG shows potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus by preventing viral entry and replication in host cells in vitro models. The studies on the molecular mechanisms of EGCG in inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection in host cells reveal that EGCG blocks the entry of the virus particles by interaction with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of viral spike (S) protein to host cell surface receptor protease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as well as suppression of the expressions of host proteases, ACE2, TMPRSS2 and GRP78, required for viral entry, by Nrf2 activation in host cells. Moreover, EGCG inhibits the activities of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), endoribonuclease Nsp15 in vitro models and of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in molecular docking model for suppression of viral replication. In addition, EGCG significantly inhibits viral inflammatory cytokine production by stimulating Nrf2- dependent host immune response in virus-infected cells. EGCG significantly reduces the elevated levels of HMGB1, a biomarker of sepsis, lung fibrosis and thrombotic complications in viral infections. EGCG potentially inhibits the infection of original (Wuhan type) strain of SARS-CoV-2 and other newly emerged variants as well as the infections of SARS-CoV-2 virus spike-protein of WT and its mutants-mediated pseudotyped viruses . EGCG shows maximum inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection when the host cells are pre-incubated with the drug prior to viral infection. A sorbitol/lecithin-based throat spray containing concentrated green tea extract rich in EGCG content significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in oral mucosa. Several factors including degradation in gastrointestinal environment, low absorption in small intestine and extensive metabolism of EGCG are responsible for its poor bioavailability in humans. Pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies of EGCG in humans reveal poor bioavailability of EGCG in human plasma and EGCG-4"-sulfate is its major metabolite. The concentration of EGCG-4"-sulfate in human plasma is almost equivalent to that of free EGCG (Cmax 177.9 vs 233.5 nmol/L). These findings suggest that inhibition of sulfation of EGCG is a crucial factor for improvement of its bioavailability. In vitro study on the mechanism of EGCG sulfonation indicates that sulfotransferases, SULT1A1 and SULT1A3 are responsible for sulfonation in human liver and small intestine, respectively. Some attempts including structural modifications, and nanoformulations of EGCG and addition of nutrients with EGCG have been made to improve the bioavailability of EGCG. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that EGCG has strong antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection independent of viral strains (Wuhan type (WT), other variants) by inhibition of viral entry and replication in host cells in vitro models. EGCG may be useful in reduction of this viral load in salivary glands of COVID-19 patients, if it is applied in mouth and throat wash formulations in optimal concentrations. EGCG could be a promising candidate in the development of effective vaccine for prevention of the infections of newly emergent strains of SARS-CoV-2 virus. EGCG might be useful also as a clinical medicine for treatment of COVID-19 patients if its bioavailability in human plasma is enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799 022, India
| | - Subhajit Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Kamalpur Govt Degree College, Dhalai,Tripura, 799 285, India
| | - Manikarna Dinda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, VA, 22908, United States of America
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Wang N, Lan C, Lu H, Li L, Liao D, Xu K, Sun H, Tang Y, Wang Y, Mei J, Wei M, Wu T, Zhu H. Preventive effect and mechanism of Tibetan tea extract on thrombosis in arachidonic acid-induced zebrafish determined via RNA-seq transcriptome profiles. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285216. [PMID: 37205684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a key pathological event in cardiovascular diseases and is also the most important targeting process for their clinical management. In this study, arachidonic acid (AA) was used to induce thrombus formation in zebrafish larvae. Blood flow, red blood cell (RBCs) aggregation and cellular oxidative stress were measured to evaluate the antithrombotic effect of Tibetan tea (TT). Meanwhile, the potential molecular mechanism was further explored by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). The results indicated that TT could significantly restore heart RBCs intensity of thrombotic zebrafish, whilst decreasing RBCs accumulation in the caudal vein. The transcriptome analysis revealed that the preventive effect of TT on thrombosis could be mostly attributed to changes in lipid metabolism related signaling pathways, such as fatty acid metabolism, glycerollipid metabolism, ECM-receptor interaction and steroid biosynthesis signaling pathway. This study demonstrated that Tibetan tea could alleviate thrombosis by reducing oxidative stress levels and regulating lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
- Luzhou Laojiao Co. Ltd, Luzhou, PR China
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Chengdu Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle (Luzhou) Advanced Technology Research Institute, Luzhou, China
| | - Chaohua Lan
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Linman Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Dalong Liao
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Kewei Xu
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Chengdu Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle (Luzhou) Advanced Technology Research Institute, Luzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Tang
- Chengdu Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle (Luzhou) Advanced Technology Research Institute, Luzhou, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Jie Mei
- Sichuan Jixiang Tea Co., Ltd., Ya'an, China
| | - Mengting Wei
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
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Jiang X, Lin A, Li S, Shi Y, Zhou F, Felix Gomez GG, Gregory RL, Zhang C, Chen S, Huang R. Effects of artificial honey and epigallocatechin-3-gallate on streptococcus pyogenes. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:207. [PMID: 36028794 PMCID: PMC9419396 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Streptococcus pyogenes is an important global human pathogen that causes pharyngitis, and antibacterial therapy has become an important part of the overall therapy for pharyngitis. As natural derivatives, honey and green tea are often recommended for patients with pharyngitis in traditional Chinese medicine without experimental theoretical basis on wether the combined effect of honey and green tea on pharyngitis is better than they alone. The aims of this study were to explore the effects of artificial honey (AH) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on S. pyogenes and elucidate the possible mechanisms, which were investigated using MIC (the minimum inhibitory concentration), FIC (fractional inhibitory concentration) index, growth pattern, biofilm formation and RT-qPCR. Results The MIC of AH on S. pyogenes was 12.5% (v/v) and the MIC of EGCG was 1250 μg/ml. The FIC index of AH and EGCG was 0.5. The planktonic cell growth, growth pattern and biofilm formation assays showed that AH and EGCG mixture had stronger inhibitory effect on S. pyogenes than they alone. RT-qPCR confirmed that the expression of hasA and luxS gene were inhibited by AH and EGCG mixture. Conclusions AH and EGCG mixture can inhibit the planktonic cell growth, biofilm formation and some virulence genes expression of S. pyogenes, better than they alone. The combination of honey and green tea have the potential to treat pharyngitis as natural derivatives, avoiding drug resistance and double infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Orthodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - An Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Orthodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Endodontic Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangjie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Endodontic Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Richard L Gregory
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Chaoliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Orthodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ruijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA.
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10
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Kubatka P, Mazurakova A, Koklesova L, Samec M, Sokol J, Samuel SM, Kudela E, Biringer K, Bugos O, Pec M, Link B, Adamkov M, Smejkal K, Büsselberg D, Golubnitschaja O. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of plant-derived compounds: a great utility potential for primary, secondary, and tertiary care in the framework of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2022; 13:407-431. [PMID: 35990779 PMCID: PMC9376584 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thromboembolism is the third leading vascular disease, with a high annual incidence of 1 to 2 cases per 1000 individuals within the general population. The broader term venous thromboembolism generally refers to deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and/or a combination of both. Therefore, thromboembolism can affect both – the central and peripheral veins. Arterial thromboembolism causes systemic ischemia by disturbing blood flow and oxygen supply to organs, tissues, and cells causing, therefore, apoptosis and/or necrosis in the affected tissues. Currently applied antithrombotic drugs used, e.g. to protect affected individuals against ischemic stroke, demonstrate significant limitations. For example, platelet inhibitors possess only moderate efficacy. On the other hand, thrombolytics and anticoagulants significantly increase hemorrhage. Contextually, new approaches are extensively under consideration to develop next-generation antithrombotics with improved efficacy and more personalized and targeted application. To this end, phytochemicals show potent antithrombotic efficacy demonstrated in numerous in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models as well as in clinical evaluations conducted on healthy individuals and persons at high risk of thrombotic events, such as pregnant women (primary care), cancer, and COVID-19-affected patients (secondary and tertiary care). Here, we hypothesized that specific antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of plant-derived compounds might be of great clinical utility in primary, secondary, and tertiary care. To increase the efficacy, precise patient stratification based on predictive diagnostics is essential for targeted protection and treatments tailored to the person in the framework of 3P medicine. Contextually, this paper aims at critical review toward the involvement of specific classes of phytochemicals in antiplatelet and anticoagulation adapted to clinical needs. The paper exemplifies selected plant-derived drugs, plant extracts, and whole plant foods/herbs demonstrating their specific antithrombotic, antiplatelet, and fibrinolytic activities relevant for primary, secondary, and tertiary care. One of the examples considered is antithrombotic and antiplatelet protection specifically relevant for COVID-19-affected patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Sokol
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | | | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Link
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Karel Smejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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11
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Mokra D, Adamcakova J, Mokry J. Green Tea Polyphenol (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): A Time for a New Player in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1566. [PMID: 36009285 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol of green tea that possesses a wide variety of actions. EGCG acts as a strong antioxidant which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibits pro-oxidant enzymes including NADPH oxidase, activates antioxidant systems including superoxide dismutase, catalase, or glutathione, and reduces abundant production of nitric oxide metabolites by inducible nitric oxide synthase. ECGC also exerts potent anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, pro-apoptotic, anti-tumorous, and metabolic effects via modulation of a variety of intracellular signaling cascades. Based on this knowledge, the use of EGCG could be of benefit in respiratory diseases with acute or chronic inflammatory, oxidative, and fibrotizing processes in their pathogenesis. This article reviews current information on the biological effects of EGCG in those respiratory diseases or animal models in which EGCG has been administered, i.e., acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory infections, COVID-19, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung fibrosis, silicosis, lung cancer, pulmonary hypertension, and lung embolism, and critically discusses effectiveness of EGCG administration in these respiratory disorders. For this review, articles in English language from the PubMed database were used.
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12
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Xu K, Liu Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Zhang B, Shao G. Anti-inflammatory Effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Grown on 316L Stainless Steel via STAT3/NF-κB Signaling. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221119125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stainless steel (316L SS) is commonly used to build coronary artery stents for the treatment of occluded arteries. However, tissues in contact with the stent may develop inflammation that can lead to restenosis. The natural substances derived from normal diet provide a pool of candidates that have potential to treat cardiovascular diseases. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenolic flavonoid present in green tea, has antioxidant, antithrombogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects, and may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether EGCG has an anti-inflammatory effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) attached to the surface of 316L SS. We evaluated cell proliferation using the dimethyl thiazolyl tetrazolium bromide method in HUVECs after treatment with EGCG. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessed the level of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in HUVECs. We further investigated the regulatory mechanisms of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/NF-κB signaling pathway in HUVECs by Western-blot analysis. We found that HUVECs cultured on 316L SS had increased cell proliferation and inflammation, and these can be inhibited by treatment with EGCG. EGCG reduced the secretion of IL-6 and TNF and decreased the expression of STAT3 and NF-κB in HUVECs cultured on 316L SS. Consequently, our study demonstrated that EGCG treatment ameliorates the proliferation of HUVEC when cultured with 316L SS, potentially by modulating the inflammation responses via the STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection, Changchun, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyi Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinbin Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Beilin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoxi Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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13
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Huang X, Chu Y, Ren H, Pang X, Hashmi MF. Antioxidation Function of EGCG by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Mice with Coronary Heart Disease. Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022; 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35919501 PMCID: PMC9293516 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8639139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To explore the effect and mechanism of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in mice with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods. Firstly, a CHD model of mouse was established by feeding mice high-fat diet and randomly divided into four groups, including Model group (0.5% sodium cholate) and 10 mg/kg EGCG, 20 mg/kg EGCG, and 40 mg/kg EGCG groups. After oral administration of sodium cholate or EGCG, HE staining was conducted to assess the pathological changes of mouse cardiac tissues in each group of mice, biochemical kits to measure the levels of blood lipid and oxidative stress substance activity, and western blot to detect matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), as well as expression levels of protein related to Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway in cardiac tissues. Results. The mice in the CHD model appeared to have myocardial pathological damage with elevated serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Of note, administration of EGCG significantly attenuated myocardial injuries and improved blood lipid levels in mice in a concentration-dependent manner. The advent of EGCG significantly decreased the expression of VEGFA and MMP-2 and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), when reducing the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the myocardial tissue and upregulating the expression of HO-1, NQO1, and Nrf2. Conclusion. EGCG may reduce atherosclerotic plaque and alleviate pathological damage in the cardiac tissue of CHD mice as well as improve blood lipid levels with antioxidative effect. The mechanism of its effect may be related to the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 antioxidant pathway in vivo of the CHD mice.
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14
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Ellis MW, Riaz M, Huang Y, Anderson CW, Luo J, Park J, Lopez CA, Batty LD, Gibson KH, Qyang Y. Epigallocatechin gallate facilitates extracellular elastin fiber formation in induced pluripotent stem cell derived vascular smooth muscle cells for tissue engineering. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 163:167-174. [PMID: 34979103 PMCID: PMC8920537 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts possess several advantages over synthetic or autologous grafts, including increased availability and reduced rates of infection and thrombosis. Engineered grafts constructed from human induced pluripotent stem cell derivatives further offer enhanced reproducibility in graft production. One notable obstacle to clinical application of these grafts is the lack of elastin in the vessel wall, which would serve to endow compliance in addition to mechanical strength. This study establishes the ability of the polyphenol compound epigallocatechin gallate, a principal component of green tea, to facilitate the extracellular formation of elastin fibers in vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Further, this study describes the creation of a doxycycline-inducible elastin expression system to uncouple elastin production from vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative capacity to permit fiber formation in conditions conducive to robust tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Colleen A Lopez
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Luke D Batty
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kimberley H Gibson
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Imaging: Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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15
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Bi K, He Y, Yan W, Yang CS, Zhang J. Potential protective mechanisms of green tea polyphenol EGCG against COVID-19. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021; 114:11-24. [PMID: 34054222 PMCID: PMC8146271 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The world is in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the potential protective effects of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, against COVID-19. Scope and approach Information from literature of clinical symptoms and molecular pathology of COVID-19 as well as relevant publications in which EGCG shows potential protective activities against COVID-19 is integrated and evaluated. Key findings and conclusions EGCG, via activating Nrf2, can suppress ACE2 (a cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2) and TMPRSS2, which mediate cell entry of the virus. Through inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease, EGCG may inhibit viral reproduction. EGCG via its broad antioxidant activity may protect against SARS-CoV-2 evoked mitochondrial ROS (which promote SARS-CoV-2 replication) and against ROS burst inflicted by neutrophil extracellular traps. By suppressing ER-resident GRP78 activity and expression, EGCG can potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2 life cycle. EGCG also shows protective effects against 1) cytokine storm-associated acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, 2) thrombosis via suppressing tissue factors and activating platelets, 3) sepsis by inactivating redox-sensitive HMGB1, and 4) lung fibrosis through augmenting Nrf2 and suppressing NF-κB. These activities remain to be further substantiated in animals and humans. The possible concerted actions of EGCG suggest the importance of further studies on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in humans. These results also call for epidemiological studies on potential preventive effects of green tea drinking on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiangchun Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Keyi Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yufeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
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Raj R, Agarwal N, Raghavan S, Chakraborti T, Poluri KM, Pande G, Kumar D. Epigallocatechin Gallate with Potent Anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity Binds Efficiently to Its Histone-like DNA Binding Protein. ACS Omega 2021; 6:3548-3570. [PMID: 33585739 PMCID: PMC7876696 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-a human gastric pathogen-forms a major risk factor for the development of various gastric pathologies such as chronic inflammatory gastritis, peptic ulcer, lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, and gastric carcinoma. The complete eradication of infection is the primary objective of treating any H. pylori-associated gastric condition. However, declining eradication efficiencies, off-target effects, and patient noncompliance to prolong and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatments has spurred the clinical interest to search for alternative effective and safer therapeutic options. As natural compounds are safe and privileged with high levels of antibacterial-activity, previous studies have tested and reported a plethora of such compounds with potential in vitro/in vivo anti-H. pylori activity. However, the mode of action of majority of these natural compounds is unclear. The present study has been envisaged to compile the information of various such natural compounds and to evaluate their binding with histone-like DNA-binding proteins of H. pylori (referred here as Hup) using in silico molecular docking-based virtual screening experiments. Hup-being a major nucleoid-associated protein expressed by H. pylori-plays a strategic role in its survival and persistent colonization under hostile stress conditions. The ligand with highest binding energy with Hup-that is, epigallocatechin-(-)gallate (EGCG)-was rationally selected for further computational and experimental testing. The best docking poses of EGCG with Hup were first evaluated for their solution stability using long run molecular dynamics simulations and then using fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance titration experiments which demonstrated that the binding of EGCG with Hup is fairly strong (the resultant apparent dissociation constant (k D) values were equal to 2.61 and 3.29 ± 0.42 μM, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raj
- Centre
of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department
of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University
of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Nipanshu Agarwal
- Department
of Biotechnology and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sriram Raghavan
- Computational
Structural Biology Team, RIKEN Center for
Computational Science (R-CCS), Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tapati Chakraborti
- Department
of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University
of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department
of Biotechnology and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gaurav Pande
- Department
of Gastroeneterology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- . Phone: +91-9170689999
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre
of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
- . Phone: +91-8953261506
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Ahmad N, Ahmad R, Alrasheed RA, Almatar HMA, Al-Ramadan AS, Buheazah TM, AlHomoud HS, Al-Nasif HA, Alam MA. A Chitosan-PLGA based catechin hydrate nanoparticles used in targeting of lungs and cancer treatment. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2344-2357. [PMID: 32884416 PMCID: PMC7451615 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prepare a novel Chitosan (CS)-coated-PLGA-NPs of catechin hydrate (CTH) and to improve lungs bioavailability via direct nose to lungs-delivery for the comparative assessment of a pulmokinetics study by the first-time UHPLC-MS/MS developed method in the treatment of lungs cancer via anticancer activities on H1299 lung cancer cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS PLGA-NPs was prepared by solvent evaporation (double emulsion) method followed by coated with chitosan (CS) and evaluated based on release and permeation of drug, a comparative pulmokinetics study with their anticancer activities on H1299 lung cancer cells. RESULTS The particle size, PDI and ZP of the optimized CAT-PLGA-NPs and CS-CAT-PLGA-NPs were determined 124.64 ± 12.09 nm and 150.81 ± 15.91 nm, 0.163 ± 0.03 and 0.306 ± 0.03, -3.94 ± 0.19 mV and 26.01 ± 1.19 mV respectively. Furthermore, higher entrapment efficiency was observed for CS-CAT PLGA NPs. The release pattern of the CS-CAT-PLGA NPs was found to favor the release of entrapped CAT within the cancer microenvironment. CS-CAT-PLGA-NPs exposed on H1299 cancer cells upto 24.0 h was found to be higher cytotoxic as compared to CAT-solution (CAT-S). CS-CAT-PLGA-NPs showed higher apoptosis of cancer cells after their exposure as compared to CAT-S. CS-CTH-PLGA-NPs showed tremendous mucoadhesive-nature as compared to CTH-S and CS-CTH-PLGA NPs by retention time (RT) of 0.589 min, and m/z of 289.21/109.21 for CTH alongwith RT of 0.613 min and m/z of 301.21/151.21 was found out for IS (internal standard), i.e. Quercetin). Likewise, for 1-1000 ng mL-1 (linear range) of % accuracy (92.01-99.31%) and %CV (inter & intra-day, i.e. 2.14-3.33%) was determined. The improved Cmax with AUC0-24 was observed extremely significant (p < 0.001) via i.n. as compared oral and i.v. in the wistar rat's lungs. The CS-approach was successfully designed and safely delivered CAT to the lungs without causing any risk. CONCLUSION CS-CTH-PLGA-NPs were showed a significant role (p < 0.001) for the enhancement of lungs-bioavailability and potentially promising approach to treat lung cancers. CS-CTH-PLGA-NPs did not cause any toxicity, it showed safety and have no obvious toxic-effects on the rat's lungs and does not produce any mortality followed by no abnormal findings in the treated-rats.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AUC, area under curve
- Apoptosis
- CC, calibration curve
- CH-S, catechin-hydrate-suspension
- CS, chitosan
- CS-CTH-PLGA-NPs
- CS-CTH-PLGA-NPs, chitosan-coated catechin hydrate-loaded-PLGA-nanoparticles
- CTH, Catechin hydrate
- Catechin hydrate
- Cmax, maximum plasma concentration
- DCM, dichloromethane
- DSC, differential scanning calorimetry
- EE, entrapment efficiency
- ESI, Electrospray ionization
- HQC, high quality control
- IS, internal standard
- Kel, elimination rate constant
- LC, loading capacity
- LLOQ, liquid–liquid extraction: LLE: lower limit of quantification
- LLOQQC, lower limit of quantification for quality control
- LOD, lower limit of detection
- LOQ, lower limit of quantitation
- Lung cancer
- Lungs comparative pulmokinetics
- MQC, low quality control: LQC: middle quality control
- NPs, nanoparticles
- PBS, phosphate buffered solution
- PDI, polydispersity index
- PVA, polyvinyl alcohol
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- TEM, transmission electron microscope
- Tmax, time to Cmax
- UHPLC-MS/MS
- UHPLC-MS/MS, ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy
- t½, half-life
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ridha Abdullah Alrasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Mohammed Ali Almatar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Sami Al-Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taysser Mohammed Buheazah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Salman AlHomoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Ali Al-Nasif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida 201310, India
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Öhlinger T, Müllner EW, Fritz M, Sauer T, Werning M, Baron DM, Salzer U. Lysophosphatidic acid-induced pro-thrombotic phosphatidylserine exposure and ionophore-induced microvesiculation is mediated by the scramblase TMEM16F in erythrocytes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 83:102426. [PMID: 32222693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that erythrocytes actively modulate blood clotting and thrombus formation. The lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is produced by activated platelets, and triggers a signaling process in erythrocytes. This results in cellular calcium uptake and exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) at the cell surface, thereby generating activated membrane binding sites for factors of the clotting cascade. Moreover, erythrocytes of patients with a bleeding disorder and mutations in the scramblase TMEM16F show impaired PS exposure and microvesiculation upon treatment with calcium ionophore. We report that TMEM16F inhibitors tannic acid (TA) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibit LPA-induced PS exposure and calcium uptake at low micromolar concentrations; fluoxetine, an antidepressant and a known activator of TMEM16F, enhances these processes. These effectors likewise modulate erythrocyte PS exposure and microvesicle shedding induced by calcium ionophore treatment. Further, LPA-treated erythrocytes triggered thrombin generation in platelet-free plasma which was partially impaired in the presence of TA and EGCG. Thus, this study suggests that LPA activates the scramblase TMEM16F in erythrocytes, thereby possibly mediating a pro-thrombotic function in these cells. EGCG as well as fluoxetine, substances with potentially high plasma concentrations due to alimentation or medical treatment, should be considered as potential effectors of systemic hemostatic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Öhlinger
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst W Müllner
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Fritz
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Sauer
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maike Werning
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David M Baron
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Salzer
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Aboulwafa MM, Youssef FS, Gad HA, Altyar AE, Al-Azizi MM, Ashour ML. A Comprehensive Insight on the Health Benefits and Phytoconstituents of Camellia sinensis and Recent Approaches for Its Quality Control. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E455. [PMID: 31590466 PMCID: PMC6826564 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea, Camellia sinensis, which belongs to the family Theaceae, is a shrub or evergreen tree up to 16 m in height. Green tea is very popular because of its marked health benefits comprising its anticancer, anti-oxidant, and antimicrobial activities, as well as its effectiveness in reducing body weight. Additionally, it was recognized by Chinese people as an effective traditional drink required for the prophylaxis against many health ailments. This is due to the complex chemical composition of green tea, which comprises different classes of chemical compounds, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, proteins, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, and others. The beneficial health effects of green tea ultimately led to its great consumption and increase its liability to be adulterated by either low-quality or non-green tea products with concomitant decrease in activity. Thus, in this review, green tea was selected to highlight its health benefits and phytoconstituents, as well as recent approaches for its quality-control monitoring that guarantee its incorporation in many pharmaceutical industries. More research is needed to find out other more biological activities, active constituents, and other simple and cheap techniques for its quality assurance that ascertain the prevention of its adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram M Aboulwafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo-11566, Egypt.
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo-11566, Egypt.
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo-11566, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260 Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed M Al-Azizi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo-11566, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed L Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo-11566, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah-21442, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Wang D, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Jackson EA, Elliott MR, Appelhans BM, Barinas-Mitchell E, Bielak LF, Baylin A. Prospective associations between beverage intake during the midlife and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219301. [PMID: 31291324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The potential impacts of beverage intake during the midlife on future subclinical atherosclerosis among women are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prospective associations between the intakes of eight beverage groups and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in midlife women. Methods Data came from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation, a multicenter, multiethnic, and prospective cohort study. A total of 1,235 midlife women had measures of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis and repeatedly beverage intake data collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Beverages were aggregated into eight groups, including coffee, tea, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, fruit juices, whole milk, milk with lower fat content, and alcoholic beverages. The associations of beverage intake with common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) and adventitial diameter (CCA-AD) were estimated using linear models; the associations with carotid plaque were estimated using log-binomial models. Results Coffee intake was associated with CCA-IMT in an inverted J-shaped pattern. After adjusting for covariates, women with >0 to <1 cup/day and 1 to <2 cups/day of coffee intake had a 0.031 mm (95% CI: 0.012, 0.051) and a 0.027 mm (95% CI: 0.005, 0.049) larger CCA-IMT, respectively, than coffee non-drinkers. Women who consumed ≥2 cups/day of coffee did not have significantly different CCA-IMT than non-drinkers. There was an inverse linear association between moderate alcoholic beverages intake and CCA-IMT (P-trend = 0.014). Whole milk intake had inverted U-shaped associations with CCA-IMT and carotid plaque. No significant associations were found between other beverage groups and subclinical atherosclerosis. Conclusions In midlife women, occasional coffee intake may be associated with more subclinical atherosclerosis while moderate alcoholic beverages intake may be associated with less subclinical atherosclerosis. Future work should focus on the determination of the optimal beverage intake profile for maximum cardiovascular benefits in midlife women.
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21
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Fang J, Sureda A, Silva AS, Khan F, Xu S, Nabavi SM. Trends of tea in cardiovascular health and disease: A critical review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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22
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Xiang Q, Pang J, Chen Y, Hong D, Zhang Z, Zhou S. Association of Green Tea Consumption and Coronary Arterial Disease Risk in a Chinese Population in Guangzhou. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:435-440. [PMID: 30431316 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2018.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxi Hong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Lopez JJ, El Haouari M, Jardin I, Alonso N, Regodon S, Diez-Bello R, Redondo PC, Rosado JA. Flavonoids and Platelet-Derived Thrombotic Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:7035-7047. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180417170218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
:
Thrombotic disorders are characterized by an increase in the probability of the
formation of unnecessary thrombi that might be due to the activation of the coagulation cascade
or the circulating platelets. Platelets or thrombocytes play an essential role in hemostasis
but abnormal platelet function leads to the development of a number of cardiovascular
complications, including thrombotic disorders. Under pathological conditions, platelets are
associated with the development of different thrombotic disorders, including atherosclerosis,
arterial thrombosis and stroke, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism; therefore,
platelets are the target of a number of anti-thrombotic strategies. Flavonoids, a large group
of polyphenols ubiquitously expressed in fruits and vegetables that have attracted considerable
attention because of their benefits in human health, including the reduction of the risk
of cardiovascular disease. Flavonoids have been reported to reduce platelet activity by attenuating
agonist-induced GPIIb/IIIa receptor activation, mobilization of intracellular free
Ca2+, granule exocytosis, as well as activation of different signaling molecules such as mitogen-
activated protein kinases or phospholipases. This review summarizes the current studies
concerning the modulation of platelet activation by flavonoids, giving especial attention to
those events associated to thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J. Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mohammed El Haouari
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Laboratoire des Matériaux, Substances Naturelles, Environnement et Modélisation (LMSNEM), Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, B.P. 1223, Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Nieves Alonso
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Infanta Cristina, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Sergio Regodon
- Department of Animal Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Diez-Bello
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro C. Redondo
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A. Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Cáceres, Spain
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Kim L, Lim Y, Park SY, Kim YJ, Kwon O, Lee JH, Shin JH, Yang YK, Kim JY. A comparative study of the antithrombotic effect through activated endothelium of garlic powder and tomato extracts using a rodent model of collagen and epinephrine induced thrombosis. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1513-1518. [PMID: 30319862 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, garlic powder, tomato extract and a mixture of both were analyzed for anti-thrombotic effects using a collagen and epinephrine induced thrombosis model. Rats were randomly assigned to control, thrombosis induced control (COL/EP), garlic powder (G), tomato extract (T) and mixture of garlic powder and tomato extract (GT) groups. Test materials were administered for 7 days and thrombosis was induced by collagen and epinephrine injection. The results showed that G, T, and GT delayed activated partial thromboplastin time and reduced the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 mRNA. Histological analysis of aorta and lung revealed that thrombosis was partially improved by G, T, and GT. Although there was no synergistic effect in GT compared to G and T treatment, this study showed that G, T, and GT have anti-thrombotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeseon Kim
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeni Lim
- 2Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- 2Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - You Jin Kim
- 2Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- 2Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Lee
- 3Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 13488 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- 4Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 13135 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyoung Yang
- 5Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Soongeui Women's College, Seoul, 04628 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
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Abstract
European and UK legislation requires all animal procedures to be conducted with consideration to reduction, refinement and replacement. In this review, 3Rs developments are discussed in the field of platelet biology and thromboembolism. Platelet research requires the use of animal models, and mice are widely used in the field. When working
in vitro, conventional light transmission techniques have been scaled down allowing reduction in animal numbers.
In vivo, vascular injury models are widely used and work is ongoing to develop
ex vivo approaches that use fewer animals. Thromboembolic mortality models, which inflict considerable pain and suffering, have also been used widely. A published and characterised refinement of this mortality model allows real-time monitoring of radiolabelled platelets under general anaesthesia and reduces both the severity level and the numbers of mice used in a typical experiment. This technique is more sensitive than the mortality approach and has opened up new avenues of research, which would not have been feasible by using death as an end-point. To drive uptake of real-time monitoring, a more simplistic approach has been developed involving micro-sampling and cell counting. Thromboembolic mortality models should therefore be considered obsolete due to the emergence of 3Rs models with improved scientific outcomes and that can be implemented relatively easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk A Taylor
- Platelet Biology Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Michael Emerson
- Platelet Biology Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Joo HJ, Park JY, Hong SJ, Kim KA, Lee SH, Cho JY, Park JH, Yu CW, Lim DS. Anti-platelet effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in addition to the concomitant aspirin, clopidogrel or ticagrelor treatment. Korean J Intern Med 2018; 33:522-531. [PMID: 29050464 PMCID: PMC5943656 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which is found in high contents in the dried leaves of green tea, has been reported to have an anti-platelet effect, synergistic effects of EGCG in addition to current anti-platelet medications remains to be elucidated. METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 40 participants who took aspirin (ASA, n = 10), clopidogrel (CPD, n = 10), ticagrelor (TCG, n = 10) and no anti-platelet medication (Control, n = 10). Ex vivo platelet aggregation and adhesion under various stimulators were analyzed by multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) and Impact-R systems. PAC-1 and P-selectin expressions in human platelets were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS In MEA analysis, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP)-induced platelet aggregations were lower in the CPD and the TCG groups; arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation was lower in the ASA group, whereas collagen (COL)-induced platelet aggregations were comparable among four groups. EGCG significantly reduced ADP- and COL-induced platelet aggregation in dose-dependent manner (ADP, p = 0.04; COL, p < 0.01). There were no additional suppressions of platelet aggregation stimulated by AA in the ASA group, and by ADP in the CPD and TCG groups. Moreover, EGCG suppressed shear stress-induced platelet adhesion on Impact-R, and had no effect on P-selectin and PAC-1 expressions. CONCLUSIONS Ex vivo treatment of EGCG inhibited platelet adhesion and aggregation without changes in P-selectin and PAC-1 expression. There was no additional suppressions in platelet aggregation stimulated by AA in the ASA group and ADP in the CPD and TCG groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joon Joo
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Jun Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Soon Jun Hong, M.D. Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea Tel: +82-2-920-5445 Fax: +82-2-927-1478 E-mail:
| | - Kyoung-Ah Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Park
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Woong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Sun Lim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Röhrig T, Pacjuk O, Hernández-Huguet S, Körner J, Scherer K, Richling E. Inhibition of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate-Specific Phosphodiesterase by Various Food Plant-Derived Phytotherapeutic Agents. Medicines (Basel) 2017; 4:E80. [PMID: 29113064 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play a major role in the regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-mediated pathways. Their inhibitors exhibit anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory and antithrombotic effects. Therefore, consumption of foods with PDE-inhibiting potential may possess beneficial influence on the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Four plant extracts (Arbutus unedo, Camellia sinensis, Cynara scolymus, Zingiber officinale) with promising ingredient profiles and physiological effects were tested for their ability to inhibit cAMP-specific PDE in vitro in a radioactive assay. Results: Strawberry tree fruit (Arbutus unedo) and tea (Camellia sinensis) extracts did not inhibit PDE markedly. Alternatively, artichoke (Cynara scolymus) extract had a significant inhibitory influence on PDE activity (IC50 = 0.9 ± 0.1 mg/mL) as well as its flavone luteolin (IC50 = 41 ± 10 μM) and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (IC50 > 1.0 mM). Additionally, the ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract and one of its constituents, [6]-gingerol, significantly inhibited PDE (IC50 = 1.7 ± 0.2 mg/mL and IC50 > 1.7 mM, respectively). Crude fractionation of ginger extract showed that substances responsible for PDE inhibition were in the lipoid fraction (IC50 = 455 ± 19 μg/mL). Conclusions: A PDE-inhibitory effect was shown for artichoke and ginger extract. Whether PDE inhibition in vivo can be achieved through ingestion of artichoke or ginger extracts leading to physiological effects concerning cardiovascular health should be addressed in future research.
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Granja A, Frias I, Neves AR, Pinheiro M, Reis S. Therapeutic Potential of Epigallocatechin Gallate Nanodelivery Systems. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017:5813793. [PMID: 28791306 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5813793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the society is facing a large health problem with the rising of new diseases, including cancer, heart diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity. Thus, it is important to invest in substances that enhance the health of the population. In this context, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a flavonoid found in many plants, especially in tea. Several studies support the notion that EGCG has several benefits in fighting cancer, heart diseases, diabetes, and obesity, among others. Nevertheless, the poor intestinal absorbance and instability of EGCG constitute the main drawback to use this molecule in prevention and therapy. The encapsulation of EGCG in nanocarriers leads to its enhanced stability and higher therapeutic effects. A comprehensive review of studies currently available on the encapsulation of EGCG by means of nanocarriers will be addressed.
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Ye F, Yang C, Kim J, MacNevin CJ, Hahn KM, Park D, Ginsberg MH, Kim C. Epigallocatechin gallate has pleiotropic effects on transmembrane signaling by altering the embedding of transmembrane domains. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9858-9864. [PMID: 28487468 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c117.787309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the principal bioactive ingredient in green tea and has been reported to have many health benefits. EGCG influences multiple signal transduction pathways related to human diseases, including redox, inflammation, cell cycle, and cell adhesion pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms of these varying effects are unclear, limiting further development and utilization of EGCG as a pharmaceutical compound. Here, we examined the effect of EGCG on two representative transmembrane signaling receptors, integrinαIIbβ3 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We report that EGCG inhibits talin-induced integrin αIIbβ3 activation, but it activates αIIbβ3 in the absence of talin both in a purified system and in cells. This apparent paradox was explained by the fact that the activation state of αIIbβ3 is tightly regulated by the topology of β3 transmembrane domain (TMD); increases or decreases in TMD embedding can activate integrins. Talin increases the embedding of integrin β3 TMD, resulting in integrin activation, whereas we observed here that EGCG decreases the embedding, thus opposing talin-induced integrin activation. In the absence of talin, EGCG decreases the TMD embedding, which can also disrupt the integrin α-β TMD interaction, leading to integrin activation. EGCG exhibited similar paradoxical behavior in EGFR signaling. EGCG alters the topology of EGFR TMD and activates the receptor in the absence of EGF, but inhibits EGF-induced EGFR activation. Thus, this widely ingested polyphenol exhibits pleiotropic effects on transmembrane signaling by modifying the topology of TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Chansik Yang
- the Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.,the School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea, and
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- the Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J MacNevin
- the Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Klaus M Hahn
- the Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Dongeun Park
- the School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea, and
| | - Mark H Ginsberg
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093,
| | - Chungho Kim
- the Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea,
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Abstract
Catechins are natural polyphenolic phytochemicals that exist in food and medicinal plants, such as tea, legume and rubiaceae. An increasing number of studies have associated the intake of catechins-rich foods with the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in humans, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Some studies have demonstrated that catechins could significantly inhibit the excessive oxidative stress through direct or indirect antioxidant effects and promote the activation of the antioxidative substances such as glutathione peroxidases (GPO) and glutathione (GSH), reducing the oxidative damages to the colon. In addition, catechins can also regulate the infiltration and proliferation of immune related-cells, such as neutrophils, colonic epithelial cells, macrophages, and T lymphocytes, helping reduce the inflammatory relations and provide benefits to IBD. Perhaps catechins can further inhibit the deterioration of intestinal lesions through regulating the cell gap junctions. Furthermore, catechins can exert their significant anti-inflammatory properties by regulating the activation or deactivation of inflammation-related oxidative stress-related cell signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), signal transducer and the activator of transcription 1/3 (STAT1/3) pathways. Finally, catechins can also stabilize the structure of the gastrointestinal micro-ecological environment via promoting the proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria and regulating the balance of intestinal flora, so as to relieve the IBD. Furthermore, catechins may regulate the tight junctions (TJ) in the epithelium. This paper elaborates the currently known possible molecular mechanisms of catechins in favor of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yan Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Li-Xuan Sang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China.
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Yi QY, Qi J, Yu XJ, Li HB, Zhang Y, Su Q, Shi T, Zhang DM, Guo J, Feng ZP, Wang ML, Zhu GQ, Liu JJ, Shi XL, Kang YM. Paraventricular Nucleus Infusion of Epigallocatechin-3-O-Gallate Improves Renovascular Hypertension. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2017; 16:276-85. [PMID: 26162770 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-015-9335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) is the main polyphenol present in green tea and is known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we hypothesize that EGCG attenuates oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN), thereby decreasing the blood pressure and sympathetic activity in renovascular hypertensive rats. After renovascular hypertension was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by the two-kidney one-clip (2K-1C) method, the rats received bilateral PVN infusion of EGCG (20 μg/h) or vehicle via osmotic minipump for 4 weeks. Our results were shown as follows: (1) Hypertension induced by 2K-1C was associated with the production of reactive oxygen species in the PVN; (2) chronic infusion of EGCG in the PVN decreased stress-related NAD(P)H oxidase subunit gp91(phox) and NOX-4 and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD-1), also balanced the content of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1) in the PVN, and attenuated the level of norepinephrine in plasma of 2K-1C rats. Our findings provide strong evidence that PVN infusion of EGCG inhibited renovascular hypertension progression through its potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity in the PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yue Yi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hong-Bao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Mo-Lin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jin-Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Li X, Yu C, Guo Y, Bian Z, Si J, Yang L, Chen Y, Ren X, Jiang G, Chen J, Chen Z, Lv J, Li L. Tea consumption and risk of ischaemic heart disease. Heart 2017; 103:783-789. [PMID: 28077466 PMCID: PMC5529974 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To prospectively examine the association between tea consumption and the risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Methods Prospective study using the China Kadoorie Biobank; participants from 10 areas across China were enrolled during 2004–2008 and followed up until 31 December 2013. After excluding participants with cancer, heart disease and stroke at baseline, the present study included 199 293 men and 288 082 women aged 30–79 years at baseline. Information on IHD incidence was collected through disease registries and the new national health insurance databases. Results During a median follow-up of 7.2 years, we documented 24 665 (7.19 cases/1000 person-years) incident IHD cases and 3959 (1.13 cases/1000 person-years) major coronary events (MCEs). Tea consumption was associated with reduced risk of IHD and MCE. In the whole cohort, compared with participants who never consumed tea during the past 12 months, the multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for less than daily and daily tea consumers were 0.97 (0.94 to 1.00) and 0.92 (0.88 to 0.95) for IHD, 0.92 (0.85 to 1.00) and 0.90 (0.82 to 0.99) for MCE. No linear trends in the HRs across the amount of tea were observed in daily consumers for IHD and MCE (PLinear >0.05). The inverse association between tea consumption and IHD was stronger in rural (PInteraction 0.006 for IHD, <0.001 for MCE), non-obese (PInteraction 0.012 for MCE) and non-diabetes participants (PInteraction 0.004 for IHD). Conclusions In this large prospective study, daily tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Si
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiaolan Ren
- Gansu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ge Jiang
- Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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El Haouari M, Rosado JA. Medicinal Plants with Antiplatelet Activity. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1059-71. [PMID: 27062716 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Blood platelets play an essential role in the hemostasis and wound-healing processes. However, platelet hyperactivity is associated to the development and the complications of several cardiovascular diseases. In this sense, the search for potent and safer antiplatelet agents is of great interest. This article provides an overview of experimental studies performed on medicinal plants with antiplatelet activity available through literature with particular emphasis on the bioactive constituents, the parts used, and the various platelet signaling pathways modulated by medicinal plants. From this review, it was suggested that medicinal plants with antiplatelet activity mainly belong to the family of Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Rhamnaceae, Liliaceae, and Zingiberaceae. The antiplatelet effect is attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, and other substances which correct platelet abnormalities by interfering with different platelet signalization pathways including inhibition of the ADP pathway, suppression of TXA2 formation, reduction of intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, and phosphoinositide breakdown, among others. The identification and/or structure modification of the plant constituents and the understanding of their action mechanisms will be helpful in the development of new antiplatelet agents based on medicinal plants which could contribute to the prevention of thromboembolic-related disorders by inhibiting platelet aggregation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El Haouari
- Centre Régional des Métiers de l'Education et de la Formation de Taza (CRMEF - Taza), B.P. 1178, Taza Gare, Morocco.,Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Laboratoire des Matériaux, Substances Naturelles, Environnement et Modélisation (LMSNEM), Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, B.P. 1223, Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients who undergo surgery appear to use dietary supplements significantly more frequently than the general population. Because they contain pharmacologically active compounds, dietary supplements may affect coagulation and platelet function during the perioperative period through direct effects, pharmacodynamic interactions, and pharmacokinetic interactions. However, in this regard, limited studies have been conducted that address the pharmacological interactions of dietary supplements. To avoid possible bleeding risks during surgery, information of potential complications of dietary supplements during perioperative management is important for physicians. METHODS Through a systematic database search of all available years, articles were identified in this review if they included dietary supplements and coagulation/platelet function, while special attention was paid to studies published after 1990. RESULTS Safety concerns are reported in commercially available dietary supplements. Effects of the most commonly used natural products on blood coagulation and platelet function are systematically reviewed, including 11 herbal medicines (echinacea, ephedra, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, green tea, kava, saw palmetto, St John's wort, and valerian) and 4 other dietary supplements (coenzyme Q10, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, fish oil, and vitamins). Bleeding risks of garlic, ginkgo, ginseng, green tea, saw palmetto, St John's wort, and fish oil are reported. Cardiovascular instability was observed with ephedra, ginseng, and kava. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions between dietary supplements and drugs used in the perioperative period are discussed. CONCLUSIONS To prevent potential problems associated with the use of dietary supplements, physicians should be familiar with the perioperative effects of commonly used dietary supplements. Since the effects of dietary supplements on coagulation and platelet function are difficult to predict, it is prudent to advise their discontinuation before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-773-702-0166; Fax: +1-773-834-0601
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Ryu R, Jung UJ, Seo YR, Kim HJ, Moon BS, Bae JS, Lee DG, Choi MS. Beneficial effect of persimmon leaves and bioactive compounds on thrombosis. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Alshatwi AA, Hasan TN, Alqahtani AM, Syed NA, Shafi G, Al-Assaf AH, Al-Khalifa AS. Delineating the anti-cytotoxic and anti-genotoxic potentials of catechin hydrate against cadmium toxicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 38:653-662. [PMID: 25218093 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Catechins (flavan-3-ol) are a type of natural phenol and well-studied antioxidants. Catechin hydrate, also known as taxifolin; is non-mutagenic, low in toxicity compared to other immunomodulator antioxidants. We aimed to determine the potential of catechin hydrate to prevent the cyto-genotoxic effects of cadmium in lymphocytes; demonstrate the immuno-protective activity of catechin hydrate. Our previous study indicated that cadmium is apoptogenic. Lymphocytes were treated with catechin hydrate or cadmium and catechine hydrate combinations (range 0.1-100μM) to determine their effects on cell viability. Lymphocytes treated with 100μM catechin hydrate and 100μM cadmium showed cell viability 70.65±6.92% and 5.69±2.27%, respectively. In our previous study cadmium (10 and 20μM) induced apoptosis in 31.8% and 44.4% of lymphocytes, respectively. However, the percentage of apoptotic cells after treatment with the combination of cadmium and catechin hydrate was not significantly different from that of catechin hydrate (P>0.05). Only 7.3% and 10.5% of the lymphocytes were apoptotic after treatment with 10μM cadmium+10μM catechin hydrate and 20μM cadmium+20μM catechin hydrate, respectively. The anti-geno-cytotoxic and immuno-protective potential of catechin hydrate was also demonstrated by the non-significant expression of apoptosis-related genes after treatment with catechin hydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alshatwi
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tarique N Hasan
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Alqahtani
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed A Syed
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gowhar Shafi
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Al-Assaf
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahmann S Al-Khalifa
- Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab (MCBRL), Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Shin YC, Yang WJ, Lee JH, Oh JW, Kim TW, Park JC, Hyon SH, Han DW. PLGA nanofiber membranes loaded with epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate are beneficial to prevention of postsurgical adhesions. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:4067-78. [PMID: 25187710 PMCID: PMC4149440 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s68197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study concentrates on the development of biodegradable nanofiber membranes with controlled drug release to ensure reduced tissue adhesion and accelerated healing. Nanofibers of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) loaded with epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), the most bioactive polyphenolic compound in green tea, were electrospun. The physicochemical and biomechanical properties of EGCG-releasing PLGA (E-PLGA) nanofiber membranes were characterized by atomic force microscopy, EGCG release and degradation profiles, and tensile testing. In vitro antioxidant activity and hemocompatibility were evaluated by measuring scavenged reactive oxygen species levels and activated partial thromboplastin time, respectively. In vivo antiadhesion efficacy was examined on the rat peritonea with a surgical incision. The average fiber diameter of E-PLGA membranes was approximately 300–500 nm, which was almost similar to that of pure PLGA equivalents. E-PLGA membranes showed sustained EGCG release mediated by controlled diffusion and PLGA degradation over 28 days. EGCG did not adversely affect the tensile strength of PLGA membranes, whereas it significantly decreased the elastic modulus and increased the strain at break. E-PLGA membranes were significantly effective in both scavenging reactive oxygen species and extending activated partial thromboplastin time. Macroscopic observation after 1 week of surgical treatment revealed that the antiadhesion efficacy of E-PLGA nanofiber membranes was significantly superior to those of untreated controls and pure PLGA equivalents, which was comparable to that of a commercial tissue-adhesion barrier. In conclusion, the E-PLGA hybrid nanofiber can be exploited to craft strategies for the prevention of postsurgical adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Yang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Oh
- Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Wan Kim
- Department of Design, College of Arts, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suong-Hyu Hyon
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Iida Y, Doi T, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Tokuda H, Ogura S, Kozawa O, Iida H. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate selectively inhibits adenosine diphosphate‑stimulated human platelet activation: suppression of heat shock protein 27 phosphorylation via p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1383-8. [PMID: 25059833 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
(‑)‑Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major component of green tea. It has been demonstrated that EGCG has an antithrombotic effect by inhibiting platelet aggregation. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the effects of EGCG remain to be elucidated. The present study examined the effects of EGCG on human platelet activation by various stimulators and the exact underlying mechanisms. EGCG suppressed adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‑stimulated platelet aggregation dose dependently between 30 and 70 µM. By contrast, EGCG failed to affect platelet aggregation stimulated by collagen, U46619 (a TP agonist) or ristocetin (an activator of GPIb/IX/V). EGCG attenuated the ADP‑induced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‑activated protein (MAP) kinase and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). The ADP‑stimulated release of platelet‑derived growth factor (PDGF)‑AB and the soluble CD40 (sCD40) ligand was inhibited by EGCG. These findings suggest that EGCG selectively inhibits ADP‑stimulated human platelet activation and that EGCG reduces the release of PDGF‑AB and the sCD40 ligand due to suppressing HSP27 phosphorylation via p38 MAP kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Doi
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Rie Matsushima-Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Shinji Ogura
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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Gasper A, Hollands W, Casgrain A, Saha S, Teucher B, Dainty JR, Venema DP, Hollman PC, Rein MJ, Nelson R, Williamson G, Kroon PA. Consumption of both low and high (-)-epicatechin apple puree attenuates platelet reactivity and increases plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 559:29-37. [PMID: 24929184 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesised that consumption of flavanol-containing apple puree would modulate platelet activity and increase nitric oxide metabolite status, and that high flavanol apple puree would exert a greater effect than low flavanol apple puree. 25 subjects consumed 230 g of apple puree containing 25 and 100mg epicatechin (low and high flavanol apple puree, respectively) and aspirin (75 mg) in random order. Measurements were made at baseline, acutely after treatment (2, 6 and 24 h), and after 14 d of treatment. Low flavanol apple puree significantly attenuated ADP and epinephrine-induced integrin-β3 expression 2 h and 6 h after consumption and ADP and epinephrine-induced P-selectin expression within 2h of consumption. High flavanol apple puree attenuated epinephrine and ADP-induced integrin-β3 expression after 2 and 6h. ADP and epinephrine-induced integrin-β3 expression was significantly attenuated 2, 6 and 24 h after consumption of aspirin, whilst 14 d aspirin consumption attenuated collagen-induced P-selectin expression only. The plasma total nitric oxide metabolite conc. was significantly increased 6h after consumption of both low and high flavanol apple purees. In conclusion, consumption of apple purees containing ⩾25 or 100 mg flavanols transiently attenuated ex vivo integrin-β3 and P-selectin expression and increased plasma nitric oxide metabolite conc. in healthy subjects, but the effect was not enhanced for the high flavanol apple puree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Gasper
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Wendy Hollands
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Amelie Casgrain
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Shikha Saha
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Birgit Teucher
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Jack R Dainty
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Dini P Venema
- RIKILT-Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C Hollman
- RIKILT-Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarit J Rein
- Nestle Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Nelson
- Nestle Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Gary Williamson
- Nestle Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland; School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul A Kroon
- Food and Health Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.
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Wang Y, Shao J, Yao S, Zhang S, Yan J, Wang H, Chen Y. Study on the antithrombotic activity of Umbilicaria esculenta polysaccharide. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 105:231-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
The transmembrane proteins TMEM16A and -16F each carry eight transmembrane regions with cytoplasmic N and C termini. TMEM16A carries out Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) ion transport, and TMEM16F is responsible for Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid scrambling. Here we established assay systems for the Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) channel activity using 293T cells and for the phospholipid scramblase activity using TMEM16F(-/-) immortalized fetal thymocytes. Chemical cross-linking analysis showed that TMEM16A and -16F form homodimers in both 293T cells and immortalized fetal thymocytes. Successive deletion from the N or C terminus of both proteins and the swapping of regions between TMEM16A and -16F indicated that their cytoplasmic N-terminal (147 amino acids for TMEM16A and 95 for 16F) and C-terminal (88 amino acids for TMEM16A and 68 for 16F) regions were essential for their localization at plasma membranes and protein stability, respectively, and could be exchanged. Analyses of TMEM16A and -16F mutants with point mutations in the pore region (located between the fifth and sixth transmembrane regions) indicated that the pore region is essential for both the Cl(-) channel activity of TMEM16A and the phospholipid scramblase activity of TMEM16F. Some chemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate and digallic acid inhibited the Cl(-) channel activity of TMEM16A and the scramblase activity of TMEM16F with an opposite preference. These results indicate that TMEM16A and -16F use a similar mechanism for sorting to plasma membrane and protein stabilization, but their functional domains significantly differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Suzuki
- From the Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan and
| | - Jun Suzuki
- From the Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan and
| | - Shigekazu Nagata
- From the Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan and
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Jagroop IA. Plant extracts inhibit ADP-induced platelet activation in humans: their potential therapeutic role as ADP antagonists. Purinergic Signal 2013; 10:233-9. [PMID: 24190032 PMCID: PMC4040171 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) plays a pivotal role in platelet activation. Platelet hyperactivity is associated with vascular disease and also has a key role in haemostasis and thrombosis. ADP activates platelets through three purinoceptor subtypes, the G(q)-coupled P2Y(1) receptor, G(i)-coupled P2Y(12) receptor and P2X(1) ligand-gated cation channel. Platelet ADP purinergic receptors are therefore suitable targets for antiplatelet drugs. Thienopyridines such as clopidogrel and ticlopidine, as well as other ADP receptor antagonists like prasugrel, ticagrelor, cangrelor and elinogrel have demonstrated clinical benefits via the inhibition of the selective purinergic ADP receptor, P2Y(12). However, they still have limitations in their mode of action and efficacy, like increased risk of bleeding. Thus, the ongoing pursuit to develop newer and more effective antiplatelet agents continues. There is a growing interest in the purinergic antiplatelet properties exhibited by plant extracts. This article considers the following: pomolic acid isolated from Licania pittieri, brazilin isolated from the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L, phylligenin isolated from the twigs of Muraltia vulpina, bark oil of Gonystylus velutinus, seed and bark extracts from Aesculus hippocastanum L. and red wine phenolics and catechins isolated from green tea. Moreover, the method used to investigate platelet purinergic receptors should be considered, since using a more sensitive, high-resolution platelet sizer can sometimes detect platelet variations when the light transmission method was not able to do so. The exact mechanisms by which these plant extracts work need further investigation. They all however inhibit ADP-induced activation in human platelets. This could explain, at least in part, the protective effect of plant extracts as antiplatelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indera Anita Jagroop
- Academic Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical and Interventional Science, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK,
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Hayasaka S, Goto Y, Maeda-Yamamoto M. The effects of bathing in hot springs on the absorption of green tea catechin: A pilot study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2013; 19:243-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schwalfenberg G, Genuis SJ, Rodushkin I. The benefits and risks of consuming brewed tea: beware of toxic element contamination. J Toxicol 2013; 2013:370460. [PMID: 24260033 PMCID: PMC3821942 DOI: 10.1155/2013/370460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Increasing concern is evident about contamination of foodstuffs and natural health products. Methods. Common off-the-shelf varieties of black, green, white, and oolong teas sold in tea bags were used for analysis in this study. Toxic element testing was performed on 30 different teas by analyzing (i) tea leaves, (ii) tea steeped for 3-4 minutes, and (iii) tea steeped for 15-17 minutes. Results were compared to existing preferred endpoints. Results. All brewed teas contained lead with 73% of teas brewed for 3 minutes and 83% brewed for 15 minutes having lead levels considered unsafe for consumption during pregnancy and lactation. Aluminum levels were above recommended guidelines in 20% of brewed teas. No mercury was found at detectable levels in any brewed tea samples. Teas contained several beneficial elements such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus. Of trace minerals, only manganese levels were found to be excessive in some black teas. Conclusions. Toxic contamination by heavy metals was found in most of the teas sampled. Some tea samples are considered unsafe. There are no existing guidelines for routine testing or reporting of toxicant levels in "naturally" occurring products. Public health warnings or industry regulation might be indicated to protect consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry Schwalfenberg
- University of Alberta, Number 301, 9509-156 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T5P 4J5
| | | | - Ilia Rodushkin
- Luleå University of Technology, Aurorum 10, 977 75 Luleå, Sweden
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Dub AM, Dugani AM. Antithrombotic effect of repeated doses of the ethanolic extract of local olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves in rabbits. Libyan J Med 2013; 8:20947. [PMID: 23702352 PMCID: PMC3662861 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v8i0.20947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thromboembolic diseases is increasing, and they are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Mediterranean diet is known for its high content of olive products, especially olive oil, which has known cardiovascular health benefits, including those on blood pressure, cholesterol level, and thrombogenesis. All previous animal and clinical studies investigating the beneficial antithrombotic effects of olives have focused on olive oil and a few on olive leaves (OLEs). In this study, the ethanolic extract of OLE was evaluated for its antithrombotic activity in the rabbit model of thrombosis induced by ligature of the vena cava and intravenous administration of tissue thromboplastin. Pre-treatment with 100 or 200 mg/kg per day of the ethanolic extract for 8 weeks significantly prolonged the prothrombin time (PT) in comparison to the control group (12.10 ± 0.35 sec and 14.38 ± 0.29 sec vs. 10.8 ± 0.32 sec, p < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively). In comparison to the control group, the same doses had no statistically significant effect on thrombus weight (16.85 ± 0.67 mg, 16.32 ± 0.35 mg, and 17.81 ± 0.75 mg; p = 0.18 and 0.06) or on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (19.17 ± 0.33 sec, 19.12 ± 0.73 sec, and 18.97 ± 0.41 sec; p = 0.36 and 0.43, respectively). One important finding in this study concerns thrombus morphology. In the extract treatment groups, the thrombus was filament-like and did not adhere to blood vessel walls, whereas in the control group the thrombus was thick and almost completely occluded the vein. Therefore, these results suggest that OLE ethanolic extract can modify the extrinsic coagulation pathway as evidenced by the prolongation of PT and changes in thrombus morphology, enough to justify further research to evaluate its possible antithrombotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aisha M. Dugani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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Li J, Tong T, Ko DO, Kang SG. Antithrombotic potential of extracts from abalone, Haliotis Discus Hannai Ino: In vitro and animal studies. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Chen XQ, Wang XB, Guan RF, Tu J, Gong ZH, Zheng N, Yang JH, Zhang YY, Ying MM. Blood anticoagulation and antiplatelet activity of green tea (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC) in mice. Food Funct 2013; 4:1521-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60088b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gundimeda U, McNeill TH, Elhiani AA, Schiffman JE, Hinton DR, Gopalakrishna R. Green tea polyphenols precondition against cell death induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation via stimulation of laminin receptor, generation of reactive oxygen species, and activation of protein kinase Cε. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:34694-708. [PMID: 22879598 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.356899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the development of synthetic drugs for the prevention of stroke has proven challenging, utilization of natural products capable of preconditioning neuronal cells against ischemia-induced cell death would be a highly useful complementary approach. In this study using an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC12 cells, we show that 2-day pretreatment with green tea polyphenols (GTPP) and their active ingredient, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), protects cells from subsequent OGD/R-induced cell death. A synergistic interaction was observed between GTPP constituents, with unfractionated GTPP more potently preconditioning cells than EGCG. GTPP-induced preconditioning required the 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR), to which EGCG binds with high affinity. 67LR also mediated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via activation of NADPH oxidase. An exogenous ROS-generating system bypassed 67LR to induce preconditioning, suggesting that sublethal levels of ROS are indeed an important mediator in GTPP-induced preconditioning. This role for ROS was further supported by the fact that antioxidants blocked GTPP-induced preconditioning. Additionally, ROS induced an activation and translocation of protein kinase C (PKC), particularly PKCε from the cytosol to the membrane/mitochondria, which was also blocked by antioxidants. The crucial role of PKC in GTPP-induced preconditioning was supported by use of its specific inhibitors. Preconditioning was increased by conditional overexpression of PKCε and decreased by its knock-out with siRNA. Collectively, these results suggest that GTPP stimulates 67LR and thereby induces NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of ROS, which in turn induces activation of PKC, particularly prosurvival isoenzyme PKCε, resulting in preconditioning against cell death induced by OGD/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Gundimeda
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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Guan F, Liu AB, Li G, Yang Z, Sun Y, Yang CS, Ju J. Deleterious effects of high concentrations of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and atorvastatin in mice with colon inflammation. Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:847-55. [PMID: 22716294 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.695424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), atorvastatin (ATST), and their combination have been previously shown to inhibit colon carcinogenesis in animal models. We further investigated their inhibitory activities in azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated Balb/cJ mice and CD-1 mice in 2 slightly different models. The mice were maintained on the AIN93M diet, or a similar diet containing 0.03%, 0.1%, or 0.3% EGCG; 60-ppm ATST; or a combination of 0.1% EGCG and 60-ppm ATST. Unexpectedly, no significant inhibitory activity was observed, and some of the treatment groups resulted in higher tumor multiplicity. To study the effects of EGCG on colon inflammation, CD-1 or C57BL/6 mice were treated with 1.5% DSS for 7 days and sacrificed 3 days later. DSS induced rectal bleeding and colon shortening; treatment with 0.5% EGCG exacerbated the bleeding and decreased mouse body weight. Dietary 0.5% EGCG also increased serum levels of leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2. These results suggest that, in mice bearing colon inflammation, high concentrations of EGCG and ATST enhance colon bleeding and may promote colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Center for Cancer Prevention Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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