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Shakir M, Khan MS, Baig U, Alam MF, Younus H, Alam M. In vivo cytotoxicity, molecular docking and study of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase on polycarbazole-titanium dioxide nanocomposite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 134:79-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Strover LT, Malmström J, Travas-Sejdic J. Graft Copolymers with Conducting Polymer Backbones: A Versatile Route to Functional Materials. CHEM REC 2016; 16:393-418. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa T. Strover
- School of Chemical Sciences; The University of Auckland; Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology; Wellington New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- School of Chemical Sciences; The University of Auckland; Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology; Wellington New Zealand
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- School of Chemical Sciences; The University of Auckland; Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology; Wellington New Zealand
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Baig U, Gondal MA, Alam MF, Laskar AA, Alam M, Younus H. Enzyme immobilization and molecular modeling studies on an organic–inorganic polypyrrole–titanium(iv)phosphate nanocomposite. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01463h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A polypyrrole–titanium(iv)phosphate nanocomposite was synthesized by using facile chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of titanium(iv)phosphate for YADH immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Baig
- Center of Excellence for Scientific Research Collaboration with MIT
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
- Laser Research Group
| | - Mohammed Ashraf Gondal
- Center of Excellence for Scientific Research Collaboration with MIT
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
- Laser Research Group
| | - Md Fazle Alam
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
| | - Amaj Ahmed Laskar
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Division of Bioscience
- Dongguk University
- Gyeongju 780-714
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hina Younus
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh-202002
- India
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Khoroushi M, Kachuei M. Pull-out bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to NaOCl-treated root dentin: effect of antioxidizing agents. Restor Dent Endod 2014; 39:95-103. [PMID: 24790921 PMCID: PMC3978110 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2014.39.2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the effect of three antioxidizing agents on pull-out bond strengths of dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods Root canals of 75 single-rooted human teeth were prepared. Fifteen teeth were irrigated with normal saline for a negative control group, and the remaining 60 teeth (groups 2 - 5) with 2.5% NaOCl. The teeth in group 2 served as a positive control. Prior to post cementation, the root canals in groups 3 - 5 were irrigated with three antioxidizing agents including 10% rosmarinic acid (RA, Baridge essence), 10% hesperidin (HPN, Sigma), and 10% sodium ascorbate hydrogel (SA, AppliChem). Seventy-five spreaders (#55, taper .02, Produits Dentaires S.A) were coated with silica and silanized with the Rocatec system and ceramic bond. All the prepared spreaders were cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement (Bifix SE, Voco Gmbh) in the prepared canals. After storage in distilled water (24 h/37℃), the spreaders were pulled out in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Pull-out strength values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05). Results There were significant differences between study groups (p = 0.016). The highest pull-out strength was related to the SA group. The lowest strength was obtained in the positive control group. Conclusions Irrigation with NaOCl during canal preparation decreased bond strength of resin cement to root dentin. Amongst the antioxidants tested, SA had superior results in reversing the diminishing effect of NaOCl irrigation on the bond strength to root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoroushi
- Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Operative Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences School of Dentistry, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kachuei
- Dental Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences School of Dentistry, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are organic polymers with unique capabilities including the ability to conduct electricity. The release of drugs from ICP-based drug delivery systems can be controlled using electrical signaling to alter the redox state of the ICP, leading to subsequent changes in polymer charge and volume. The increasing use of ICPs in drug delivery systems can be attributed to their biocompatible nature and the ability to regulate drug release electrically. Drug can be easily incorporated into these polymers by physical and chemical means. As the release of the drugs from ICPs is in accordance with electrical stimulus the therapeutic effect can be maximized with a reduction in the side effects. In this chapter a general overview of ICPs, their electrochemical properties and the techniques used to characterize these materials with specifics pertaining to drug delivery is provided. Emphasis is given to advances in methods and technology to enhance the drug-loading capacity of these polymers and to achieve precise controlled therapy. The chapter discusses some of the exciting applications of ICPs as devices for controlled delivery of drugs to desired locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland New Zealand
| | - Darren Svirskis
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland New Zealand
| | - Sanjay Garg
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide Australia
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Seven B, Demirdoven T, Yildirim H, Demirkol DO, Subasi E, Sahin E, Timur S. Oligomeric Thiosemicarbazones as Novel Immobilization Matrix in Biosensing Applications. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2013.768148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Prasansuttiporn T, Nakajima M, Kunawarote S, Foxton RM, Tagami J. Effect of reducing agents on bond strength to NaOCl-treated dentin. Dent Mater 2011; 27:229-34. [PMID: 21074250 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of three antioxidant/reducing agents with different application times on microtensile bond strengths to sodium hypochlorite-treated dentin. METHODS The occlusal surfaces of 24 extracted human third molars were horizontally cut to expose sound dentin. The teeth were divided into eight groups. The dentin surfaces of the teeth were treated as follows: group 1, no treatment; group 2, treated with 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 30s; groups 3-8, applications of 10% sodium ascorbate solution, 100 μM rosmarinic acid solution or Accel for 5 or 10s after the same treatment as in group 2. All treated dentin surfaces were bonded with a 2-step self-etching adhesive system (Clearfil Protect Bond) and restored with a resin composite (Clearfil AP-X). After storage in water for 24h, the bonded specimens were subjected to the microtensile bond test at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). RESULTS The NaOCl-treated group had significantly lower bond strength than the control group (p<0.05). The application of sodium ascorbate solution for 5 or 10s did not significantly increase the compromised bonding to NaOCl-treated dentin (p>0.05). On the other hand, Accel and rosmarinic acid solution had significant reversal effects with the same application times (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The reversal effect on compromised bonding to NaOCl-treated dentin depended upon the type of antioxidant within the short application time. Applying Accel or rosmarinic acid for 5 or 10s improved bond strengths to NaOCl-treated dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taweesak Prasansuttiporn
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
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Mislovicová D, Pätoprstý V, Vikartovská A. Enzymatic oxidation and separation of various saccharides with immobilized glucose oxidase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:1669-77. [PMID: 20339954 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-8948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger, the specific enzyme for beta-D-glucose oxidation, can also oxidize other related saccharides at very slow or negligible rates. The present study aimed to compare the kinetics of D-glucose oxidation using immobilized glucose oxidase on bead cellulose for the oxidation of related saccharides using the same biocatalyst. The significant differences were observed between the reaction rates for D-glucose and other saccharides examined. As a result, k (cat)/K (M) ratio for D-glucose was determined to be 42 times higher than D-mannose, 61.6 times higher than D-galactose, 279 times higher than D-xylose, and 254 times higher than for D-fructose and D-cellobiose. On the basis of these differences, the ability of immobilized glucose oxidase to remove D-glucose from D-cellobiose, D-glucose from D-xylose, and D-xylose from D-lyxose was examined. Immobilized catalase on Eupergit and mixed with immobilized glucose oxidase on bead cellulose or co-immobilized with glucose oxidase on bead cellulose was used for elimination of hydrogen peroxide from the reaction mixture. The accelerated elimination of D-glucose and D-xylose in the presence of co-immobilized catalase was observed. The co-immobilized glucose oxidase and catalase were able to decrease D-glucose or D-xylose content to 0-0.005% of their initial concentrations, while a minimum decrease of low oxidized saccharides D-xylose, D-cellobiose, and D-lyxose, respectively, was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Mislovicová
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Vikartovská A, Bučko M, Mislovičová D, Pätoprstý V, Lacík I, Gemeiner P. Improvement of the stability of glucose oxidase via encapsulation in sodium alginate–cellulose sulfate–poly(methylene-co-guanidine) capsules. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liu M, Jiang J, Feng Y, Shen G, Yu R. Glucose Biosensor Based on Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase in Electrochemically Polymerized Polytyramine Film and Overoxidised Polypyrrole Film on Platinized Carbon Paste Electrode. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2007; 35:1435-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(07)60086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mislovičová D, Michálková E, Vikartovská A. Immobilized glucose oxidase on different supports for biotransformation removal of glucose from oligosaccharide mixtures. Process Biochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lei C, Shin Y, Magnuson JK, Fryxell G, Lasure LL, Elliott DC, Liu J, Ackerman EJ. Characterization of functionalized nanoporous supports for protein confinement. Nanotechnology 2006; 17:5531-5538. [PMID: 21727320 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/22/001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Here we characterize a highly efficient approach for protein confinement and enzyme immobilization in NH(2)- or HOOC- functionalized mesoporous silica (FMS) with pore sizes as large as tens of nanometres. We observed a dramatic increase of enzyme loading in both enzyme activity and protein amount when using appropriate FMS in comparison with unfunctionalized mesoporous silica and normal porous silica. With different protein loading density in NH(2)-FMS, the negatively charged glucose oxidase (GOX) displayed an immobilization efficiency (I(e), the ratio of the specific activity of the immobilized enzyme to the specific activity of the free enzyme in stock solution) in a range from 30% to 160%, while the same charged glucose isomerase (GI) showed an I(e) of 100% to 120%, and the positively charged organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) exhibited I(e) of more than 200% in HOOC-FMS. The enzyme-FMS composite was stained with the charged gold nanoparticles and imaged by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed no major secondary structural change for the enzymes entrapped in FMS. Thanks to the large, rigid, open pore structure of FMS, the reaction rate and K(m) of the entrapped enzymes in FMS were comparable to those of the free enzymes in solution. In principle, the general approach described here should be applicable to many enzymes, proteins, and protein complexes since both pore sizes and functional groups of FMS are controllable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghong Lei
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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Caseli L, dos Santos DS, Foschini M, Gonçalves D, Oliveira ON. The effect of the layer structure on the activity of immobilized enzymes in ultrathin films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 303:326-31. [PMID: 16876814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2006] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The molecular engineering capability of the layer-by-layer (LbL) method for fabricating thin films has been exploited in order to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOD) in films with alternating layers of chitosan. Chitosan was proven a good scaffolding material, as GOD molecules preserved their catalytic activity towards glucose oxidation. Using electrochemical measurements, we showed that chitosan/GOD LbL films can be used to detect glucose with a limit of detection of 0.2 mmol l-1 and an activity of 40.5 microA mmol-1 L microg-1, which is highly sensitive when compared to other sensors in previous reports in the literature. The highest sensitivity of the LbL film was achieved when only the top layer contained GOD, thus indicating that GOD in inner layers did not contribute to glucose oxidation, probably because it hampers analyte diffusion and electron transport through the deposited layers. This may be explained by the dense packing of GOD molecules in the LbL films with chitosan, as inferred from estimates of the amount of GOD adsorbed per layer using a quartz crystal microbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Caseli
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
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Narli I, Kiralp S, Toppare L. Preventing inhibition of tyrosinase with modified electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 572:25-31. [PMID: 17723457 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Revised: 04/22/2006] [Accepted: 04/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wines, especially red wines, contain numerous biologically active compounds, the most important of which are polyphenols, whose nutritional importance is attributed to their antioxidant power. Because of this, the detection of the amount of phenolic compounds in red wines becomes extremely important. However, using free enzyme in the determination of phenolic compounds in wines cannot reflect the actual values since there are also naturally found inhibitors in red wines. In this study, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, and sorbic acid were utilized to understand the behavior of immobilized polyphenol oxidase in the conducting polymer matrices toward inhibition. Cinnamic acid was found to be the most powerful inhibitor for both free and immobilized enzyme in copolymer matrix of poly(terephthalic acid bis-(2-thiophen-3-yl-ethyl) ester) (PTATE) with polypyrrole (PPy). In the case of immobilized enzyme in PPy matrix, it was observed that sorbic acid is a stronger inhibitor than cinnamic acid. The inhibitory effects of these inhibitors on PPO were compared with respect to both the structural differences of inhibitors and conducting polymer matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Narli
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
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Geetha S, Rao CRK, Vijayan M, Trivedi DC. Biosensing and drug delivery by polypyrrole. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 568:119-25. [PMID: 17761251 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2005] [Revised: 10/07/2005] [Accepted: 10/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conducting polypyrrole is a biological compatible polymer matrix wherein number of drugs and enzymes can be incorporated by way of doping. The polypyrrole, which is obtained as freestanding film by electrochemical polymerization, has gained tremendous recognition as sophisticated electronic measuring device in the field of sensors and drug delivery. In drug delivery the reversing of the potential 100% of the drug can be released and is highly efficient as a biosensor in presence of an enzyme. In this review we discuss the applications of conducting polypyrrole as biosensor for some biomolecules and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Geetha
- Centre for Conducting Polymers, Electrochemical Materials Science Division, Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, India
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Sahmetlioglu E, Yürük H, Toppare L, Cianga I, Yagci Y. Immobilization of invertase and glucose oxidase in conducting copolymers of thiophene functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol) with pyrrole. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2006; 66:365-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2005.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Rauf S, Ihsan A, Akhtar K, Ghauri MA, Rahman M, Anwar MA, Khalid AM. Glucose oxidase immobilization on a novel cellulose acetate–polymethylmethacrylate membrane. J Biotechnol 2006; 121:351-60. [PMID: 16242200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2005] [Revised: 08/01/2005] [Accepted: 08/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized on cellulose acetate-polymethylmethacrylate (CA-PMMA) membrane. The immobilized GOD showed better performance as compared to the free enzyme in terms of thermal stability retaining 46% of the original activity at 70 degrees C where the original activity corresponded to that obtained at 20 degrees C. FT-IR and SEM were employed to study the membrane morphology and structure after treatment at 70 degrees C. The pH profile of the immobilized and the free enzyme was found to be similar. A 2.4-fold increase in Km value was observed after immobilization whereas Vmax value was lower for the immobilized GOD. Immobilized glucose oxidase showed improved operational stability by maintaining 33% of the initial activity after 35 cycles of repeated use and was found to retain 94% of activity after 1 month storage period. Improved resistance against urea denaturation was achieved and the immobilized glucose oxidase retained 50% of the activity without urea in the presence of 5M urea whereas free enzyme retained only 8% activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rauf
- Bioprocess Technology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Işık S, Alkan S, Toppare L, Cianga I, Yağcı Y. Immobilization of invertase and glucose oxidase in poly 2-methylbutyl-2-(3-thienyl) acetate/polypyrrole matrices. Eur Polym J 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(03)00184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gürsel A, Alkan S, Toppare L, Yağcı Y. Immobilization of invertase and glucose oxidase in conducting H-type polysiloxane/polypyrrole block copolymers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2003; 57:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2003.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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