Attarde SS, Pandit SV. In Vivo Toxicity Profile of NN-32 and Nanogold Conjugated GNP-NN-32 from Indian Spectacled Cobra Venom.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021;
21:1479-1488. [PMID:
32427082 DOI:
10.2174/1389201021666200519101221]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
NN-32 toxin, which was obtained from Naja naja venom and showed cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines. As the toxicity of NN-32 is the main hurdle in the process of drug development; hence, we have conjugated NN-32 toxin with gold nanoparticles (GNP-NN-32) in order to decrease the toxicity of NN-32 without reducing its efficacy, GNP-NN-32 alleviated the toxicity of NN-32 in in vitro studies during the course of earlier studies. In continuation, we are evaluating in vivo toxicity profile of NN-32 and GNP-NN-32 in the present study.
OBJECTIVE
To study in vivo toxicity profile of NN-32 and nanogold conjugated GNP-NN-32 from Naja naja venom.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We have carried out in vivo acute toxicity study to determine LD50 dose of GNP-NN-32, in vivo sub-chronic toxicity for 30 days, haematology, serum biochemical parameters and histopathology study on various mice tissues and in vitro cellular and tissue toxicity studies.
RESULTS
The LD50 dose of GNP-NN-32 was found to be 2.58 mg/kg (i.p.) in Swiss male albino mice. In vivo sub-chronic toxicity showed significantly reduced toxicity of GNP-NN-32 as compared to NN-32 alone.
DISCUSSION
In vitro cellular toxicity studies on human lymphocyte and mouse peritoneal macrophage showed significant inhibition of cells by NN-32 alone.
CONCLUSION
Conjugated GNP-NN-32 toxin showed less in vivo toxicity as compared to pure NN-32.
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