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Sirur DG, Tamgadge A, Tamgadge S, Bhalerao S, Gujjar PK. Correlation of p53 Expression with Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Features of Human Papillomavirus in Oral Leukoplakia. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2020; 8:81-88. [PMID: 33282682 PMCID: PMC7703018 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_44_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer is strongly associated with the habit of tobacco chewing, alcohol, and betel quid consumption in India. However, sometimes, majority of the population develop oral cancer without exposure to these risk factors and are sometimes cautious about their fitness, suggesting that additional causes such as genetic predisposition, diet, and viral agents may be associated which need to explored. Aims and Objectives The aim of this study was to establish a possible correlation between clinical types of leukoplakia with their histopathological features of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the presence or absence of HPV and expression of p53through immunohistochemistry (IHC). Materials and Methods Sample comprised of 40 cases of leukoplakia and 10 cases as control group. Three sections were prepared from each biopsy and subjected to IHC and hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain, respectively. IHC-stained slides were used to evaluate the expression of p53 and HPV and then correlated with the features of HPV infection using H and E staining. Chi-square test with a statistical analysis software package (SPSS software Version 20.0) was used. Observation and Results The P value for p53 against HPV (IHC) was 0.012, which indicates a significant difference between positivity proportion of P53 and HPV (IHC), whereas the P value for koilocyte and HPV (IHC) is 0.311, which is nonsignificant and indicates no significance of difference between proportion of positivity between koilocyte and HPV (IHC). Conclusion The expression of p53 was proportionally significant to the expression of positivity of HPV, but there was no significant association between koilocyte and p53 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Gururaj Sirur
- Department of Oral Pathology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Avinash Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandhya Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudhir Bhalerao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Gujjar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
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Abstract
Human papillomavirus is a well-established risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer, although its role in oral cancer is still debated. Inconclusive evidence of its role in oral cancer is due to conflicting data arising from methodological differences, mostly due to the use of diagnostic tests with varying sensitivity and specificity. In addition, there is a lack of experimental data linking HPV to oral cancer. Recent epidemiological studies provide data on HPV prevalence in oral squamous cell carcinoma and other potentially malignant oral disorders. Further, molecular data from in vivo and in vitro models have led to new insights into the role of human papillomavirus in oral cancer. The clinical significance of identifying HPV as an etiology for oral squamous cell carcinoma is that if proven, vaccination could be an effective prevention tool. Further, like oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, prognostic differences may exist between human papillomavirus positive and negative oral squamous cell carcinoma. This manuscript reviews data from the published literature using Bradford Hill criteria of causation to assess the role of human papillomavirus in oral cancer. Due to the advancement in molecular biology, the requirements of each of the Bradford Hill criteria of causation are modified to include integrated data from both epidemiological studies and experimental studies exploring molecular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai 600130, India.
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Archana A Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Chandini Rajkumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama University Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Kamran H Awan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, United States
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Di Domenico M, Giovane G, Kouidhi S, Iorio R, Romano M, De Francesco F, Feola A, Siciliano C, Califano L, Giordano A. HPV epigenetic mechanisms related to Oropharyngeal and Cervix cancers. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:850-857. [PMID: 28362190 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1310349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Papilloma Virus infection is very frequent in humans and is mainly transmitted sexually. The majority of infections are transient and asymptomatic, however, if the infection persists, it can occur with a variety of injuries to skin and mucous membranes, depending on the type of HPV involved. Some types of HPV are classified as high oncogenic risk as associated with the onset of cancer. The tumors most commonly associated with HPV are cervical and oropharyngeal cancer, epigenetic mechanisms related to HPV infection include methylation changes to host and viral DNA and chromatin modification in host species. This review is focused about epigenethic mechanism, such as MiRNAs expression, related to cervix and oral cancer. Specifically it discuss about molecular markers associated to a more aggressive phenotype. In this way we will analyze genes involved in meiotic sinaptonemal complex, transcriptional factors, of orthokeratins, sinaptogirin, they are all expressed in cancer in a way not more dependent on cell differentiation but HPV-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Di Domenico
- a Department of Biochemistry , Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Italy.,b IRCCS Institute of Women's Health Malzoni Clinic , Avellino , Italy.,c Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Giancarlo Giovane
- d Department of Experimental Medicine , Section of Hygiene, Occupational Medicine and Forensic Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Italy
| | - Soumaya Kouidhi
- e Laboratory BVBGR, LR11ES31, ISBST, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba , Tunis , Tunisia.,f Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar , Tunis
| | - Rosamaria Iorio
- a Department of Biochemistry , Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- g Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera , Padova , Italy.,h Department of Surgical , Gastrointestinal and Oncological Sciences (DiSCOG), University of Padova , Padova ( PD ), Italy
| | - Francesco De Francesco
- h Department of Surgical , Gastrointestinal and Oncological Sciences (DiSCOG), University of Padova , Padova ( PD ), Italy
| | - Antonia Feola
- a Department of Biochemistry , Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Italy
| | - Camilla Siciliano
- a Department of Biochemistry , Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Italy
| | - Luigi Califano
- i Department of Maxillofacial Surgery , University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- c Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,j Department of Medicine , Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena , Siena , Italy
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Tomar S, Graves CA, Altomare D, Kowli S, Kassler S, Sutkowski N, Gillespie MB, Creek KE, Pirisi L. Human papillomavirus status and gene expression profiles of oropharyngeal and oral cancers from European American and African American patients. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E694-704. [PMID: 25899179 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disparities in prevalence, human papillomavirus (HPV) status, and mortality rates for head and neck cancer have been described between African American and European American patients. METHODS We studied the HPV status and gene expression profiles in 56 oropharyngeal/oral cavity tumors and 9 normal tissue samples from European American and African American patients treated in South Carolina between 2010 and 2012. RESULTS Overall, 59% of tumors were HPV DNA-positive, but only 48% of those expressed E7 mRNA (HPV-active). The prevalence of HPV-active tumors was 10% in African American patients and 39% in European American patients. Tumors positive for HPV DNA but negative for HPV mRNA exhibited gene expression profiles distinct from those of both HPV-active and HPV-negative cancers, suggesting that HPV DNA-positive/RNA-negative tumors may constitute a unique group. CONCLUSION This study provides a direct assessment of differential expression patterns in HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer arising from African American and European American patients, for which there is a paucity of data. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 00: 000-000, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tomar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Christian A Graves
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Diego Altomare
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Sangeeta Kowli
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Susannah Kassler
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Natalie Sutkowski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - M Boyd Gillespie
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kim E Creek
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Lucia Pirisi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
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Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the oral cavity. The aetiology of epithelial cancer of the head and neck is considered to be a multifactorial, sequential process. DNA viruses are found in many different cancers and are also capable of transforming cells to a malignant phenotype. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been proposed as risk factors in OSCC development and HPV type 16 is the most important subtype. Other oncogenic virus species i.e., Epstein-Barr Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 have been proposed to be involved in oral carcinogenesis. However, no convincing evidence exist that they are an established risk factor in OSCC. Therefore more studies are needed in order to clarify the different aspects of virus involvement. Here, we review the existing literature on viral involvement in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Sand
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jamshid Jalouli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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McCord C, Xu J, Xu W, Qiu X, Muhanna N, Irish J, Leong I, McComb RJ, Perez-Ordonez B, Bradley G. Association of human papilloma virus with atypical and malignant oral papillary lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 117:722-32. [PMID: 24703405 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine atypical and malignant papillary oral lesions for low- and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and to correlate HPV infection with clinical and pathologic features. STUDY DESIGN Sections of 28 atypical papillary lesions (APLs) and 14 malignant papillary lesions (MPLs) were examined for HPV by in situ hybridization and for p16 and MIB-1 by immunohistochemistry; 24 conventional papillomas were studied for comparison. RESULTS Low-risk HPV was found in 10 of 66 cases, including 9 APLs and 1 papilloma. All low-risk HPV-positive cases showed suprabasilar MIB-1 staining, and the agreement was statistically significant (P < .0001). Diffuse p16 staining combined with high-risk HPV was not seen in any of the cases. A subset of HPV(-) APLs progressed to carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Oral papillary lesions are a heterogeneous group. Low-risk HPV infection is associated with a subset of APLs with a benign clinical course. Potentially malignant APLs and MPLs are not associated with low- or high-risk HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina McCord
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jing Xu
- Applied Molecular Profiling Laboratory, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xin Qiu
- Department of Biostatistics, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nidal Muhanna
- Department of Surgical Oncology/Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Irish
- Department of Surgical Oncology/Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iona Leong
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Grace Bradley
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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McCullough MJ, Prasad G, Farah CS. Oral mucosal malignancy and potentially malignant lesions: an update on the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management. Aust Dent J 2010; 55 Suppl 1:61-5. [PMID: 20553246 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01200.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An oral examination for the assessment for malignant and potentially malignant oral mucosal lesions is routine in general dental practice. It may be uncommon for general dental practitioners to encounter oral cancer, with anecdotal reports suggesting that this occurs about once every 10 years in a busy general dental practice. However, potentially malignant oral mucosal lesions are relatively common, occurring in about 2.5% of the population. This update highlights the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management of these oral mucosal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne.
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8
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Termine N, Panzarella V, Falaschini S, Russo A, Matranga D, Lo Muzio L, Campisi G. HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma vs head and neck squamous cell carcinoma biopsies: a meta-analysis (1988–2007). Ann Oncol 2008; 19:1681-90. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Madkan VK, Cook-Norris RH, Steadman MC, Arora A, Mendoza N, Tyring SK. The oncogenic potential of human papillomaviruses: a review on the role of host genetics and environmental cofactors. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:228-41. [PMID: 17553059 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07961.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), with over 100 genotypes, are a very complex group of human pathogenic viruses. In most cases, HPV infection results in benign epithelial proliferations (verrucae). However, oncogenic types of HPV may induce malignant transformation in the presence of cofactors. For example, over 99% of all cervical cancers and a majority of vulval, vaginal, anal and penile cancers are the result of oncogenic HPV types. Such HPV types have been increasingly linked to other epithelial cancers involving the skin, larynx and oesophagus. Although viral infection is necessary for neoplastic transformation, evidence suggests that host and environmental cofactors are also required. Research investigating HPV oncogenesis is complex and quite extensive. The inability to produce mature HPV virions in animal models has been a major limitation in fully elucidating the oncogenic potential and role of associated cofactors in promoting malignant transformation in HPV-infected cells. We have reviewed the literature and provide a brief account of the current understanding of HPV oncogenesis, emphasizing the role of genetic susceptibility, immune response, and environmental and infectious cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Madkan
- Center for Clinical Studies, Studies & Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Furrer VE, Benitez MB, Furnes M, Lanfranchi HE, Modesti NM. Biopsy vs. superficial scraping: detection of human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, and 18 in potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions. J Oral Pathol Med 2006; 35:338-44. [PMID: 16762014 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2006.00423.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several epidemiologic studies have shown a broad variation in the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral precancerous tissues and oral carcinomas. METHODS Biopsies and superficial scrapes of lesions, clinically suspected of HPV infection, were taken from patients with potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions, and subject to HPV DNA detection by PCR-Southern blot analysis. RESULTS From 22 patients with potentially malignant and malignant lesions analyzed, 41% of the biopsies were HPV DNA positive, whereas 95-100% of the superficial scrapes were positive (McNemar, P < 0.0001). Clinical presumption of HPV infection detected 67% (P < 0.0001) of the HPV DNA positive cases compared with 48% (P < 0.0001) determined by cytology and histopathology. The prevalence of HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 in the oral mucosa was studied in 59 individuals. While 9% of normal controls were HPV DNA positive, 100% of the patients with potentially malignant and malignant lesions were HPV DNA positive, and the prevailing genotype was HPV 16 followed by HPV 18. CONCLUSIONS The higher HPV DNA detection rate in superficial oral scrapes than in biopsies suggests that accurate epidemiological information on oral HPV infection/oral carcinogenesis depends not only on the DNA detection technique, but also on the tissue/cell sampling procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Furrer
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, CEPROCOR-Science Córdoba Agency, Complejo Hospitalario Santa María de Punilla, (5164) Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba, Argentina
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to detect and typify human papillomaviruses (HPV) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a Venezuelan population. MATERIAL(S) AND METHODS: Eighteen tissue samples were obtained from biopsies, formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded; 16 were diagnosed as SCC. We isolated DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue; two to three sections of 5 microm were obtained and resuspended in digestion buffer and proteinase K. Five microliters of the aqueous phase was used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR for HPV amplification was carried out with consensus primers for L1 region (MY09 and MY11) and beta-globin gene was used as internal control. The viral types were determined by molecular hybridization with a mix of probes for high/intermediate and low HPV oncogenic risk types. RESULTS The HPV-DNA was detected in 50% (eight of 16) of the SCC cases. Of these HPV-DNA-positive samples, 68% were histopathologically diagnosed as moderately differentiated SCC. The most common anatomical location was the alveolar ridge mucosa. All positive biopsies contained high oncogenic HPV types. CONCLUSIONS We observed a high prevalence of HPV infection of high oncogenic potential types in patients with SCC in our studied group. The moderately differentiated SCCs were more associated to HPV infection. These differences could be influenced by nutritional, environmental and genetical factors in our population but further studies should be carried out to determine these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Correnti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Odontológicas Raúl Vincentelli, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The author describes the use of lasers to palliate the oral manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, infection. He discusses the advantages to both patients and dentists, but he does not address the use of lasers as a modality to treat or cure HIV infection. CASE DESCRIPTION Many oral manifestations of HIV infection can be used as markers for degree of immunosuppression. These manifestations may be treated with antibiotics, analgesics and antineoplastics, which may interact and interfere with antiviral agents used to treat the disease and possibly may exacerbate it. The author describes laser palliation of the oral manifestations of three HIV-positive patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Dentists will see more patients living longer with HIV as the disease becomes more treatable. Lasers have been shown to be effective instruments in palliation of oral manifestations of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Convissar
- Department of Dental Medicine, New York Hospital Medical Center of Queens, Flushing, USA.
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Lozada-Nur F, Glick M, Schubert M, Silverberg I. Use of intralesional interferon-alpha for the treatment of recalcitrant oral warts in patients with AIDS: a report of 4 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001; 92:617-22. [PMID: 11740478 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.118905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Four human immunodeficiency virus-positive homosexual men with 2- to 4.5-year histories of recurrent oral warts that had failed to respond to conventional surgical and other treatment modalities were offered treatment with interferon-alpha. All had multiple or large oral warts, 3 had skin warts, 2 had a history of anal warts, and 1 had penile lesions. All 4 patients were treated with a combination of intralesional and subcutaneous interferon-alpha. Adverse side effects were dose-related, mild, and transient; they included flulike symptoms (3 patients), hair loss and tachycardia (1 patient), and transient changes in the white blood cell count. All patients responded to therapy and remained free of disease up to 42 months. Intralesional injection with interferon-alpha appears to provide excellent clinical control for recurrent, multiple, and extensive oral warts in the human immunodeficiency virus-positive population, and is a useful adjunct to initial surgical removal of oral warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lozada-Nur
- Department of Stomatology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0422, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is established as the cause of almost 100% of cervical carcinomas. However, the association of HPV with oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) is less well understood. We examined the prevalence of HPV in oral SCCs in samples of Japanese and Chinese populations. Using in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis (MY09 and MY11 consensus primers), HPV was detected in the nucleus of epithelia and tumor cells in oral lesions. Analysis revealed the specific presence of HPV DNA in all cases of SCC in our Japanese (10/10) and Chinese (10/10) population samples. These results suggest that HPV infection could be one of several risk factors contributing to oral SCC in Japanese and Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uobe
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
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