1
|
Velickovic KD, Ukropina MM, Glisic RM, Cakic-Milosevic MM. Effects of long-term sucrose overfeeding on rat brown adipose tissue: a structural and immunohistochemical study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.166538. [PMID: 29496784 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.166538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term sucrose overfeeding on functional capacity and ultrastructural characteristics of the rat brown adipose tissue (BAT). For the study, 16 male Wistar rats, chow-fed and kept under standard laboratory conditions, were divided into 2 equal groups. The rats from a control group drank tap water, whereas those from a sucrose overfed group were allowed to drink 10% sucrose solution for 21 days. Structural changes of BAT were analysed at the level of light and electron microscopy on routinely prepared tissue sections or using immunohistochemical staining, in combination with stereological methods. Obtained results have shown that the significantly increased energy intake in sucrose overfed rats did not result in a higher gain of body mass compared with controls. The light microscopy analysis revealed that the BAT acquired the appearance of a thermogenically active tissue, with intensified vascularisation, reduced size of brown adipocytes and increased multilocularity. At the ultrastructural level, mitochondria of brown adipocytes became more abundant, enlarged and contained more cristae in comparison to control animals. The immunoexpression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and noradrenaline, as markers of BAT thermogenic status, was increased, whereas the pattern of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) was slightly modified. Taken together, the results of this investigation indicated that BAT possesses the ability to increase thermogenic capacity/activity in response to high energy intake and to prevent body mass gain. These findings are particularly relevant in view of recent reports on the existence of functional BAT in adult humans and its potential use to combat obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija D Velickovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chair of Cell and Tissue Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Centre for Electron Microscopy, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirela M Ukropina
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chair of Cell and Tissue Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila M Glisic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovica 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Maja M Cakic-Milosevic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chair of Cell and Tissue Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Quiclet C, Dubouchaud H, Berthon P, Sanchez H, Vial G, Siti F, Fontaine E, Batandier C, Couturier K. Maternal exercise modifies body composition and energy substrates handling in male offspring fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet. J Physiol 2017; 595:7049-7062. [PMID: 28971475 DOI: 10.1113/jp274739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Maternal training during gestation enhances offspring body composition and energy substrates handling in early adulthood. Offspring nutrition also plays a role as some beneficial effects of maternal training during gestation disappear after consumption of a high-fat diet. ABSTRACT Maternal exercise during gestation has been reported to modify offspring metabolism and health. Whether these effects are exacerbated when offspring are receiving a high-fat diet remains unclear. Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of maternal exercise before and during gestation on the offspring fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HF) by assessing its body composition, pancreatic function and energy substrates handling by two major glucose-utilizing tissues: liver and muscle. Fifteen-week-old nulliparous female Wistar rats exercised 4 weeks before as well as during gestation at a constant submaximal intensity (TR) or remained sedentary (CT). At weaning, pups from each group were fed either a standard diet (TRCD or CTCD) or a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (TRHF or CTHF) for 10 weeks. Offspring from TR dams gained less weight compared to those from CT dams. Selected fat depots were larger with the HF diet compared to control diet (CD) but significantly smaller in TRHF compared to CTHF. Surprisingly, the insulin secretion index was higher in islets from HF offspring compared to CD. TR offspring showed a higher muscle insulin sensitivity estimated by the ratio of phosphorylated protein kinase B to total protein kinase B compared with CT offspring (+48%, P < 0.05). With CD, permeabilized isolated muscle fibres from TR rats displayed a lower apparent affinity constant (Km ) for pyruvate and palmitoyl coenzyme A as substrates compared to the CT group (-46% and -58%, respectively, P < 0.05). These results suggest that maternal exercise has positive effects on young adult offspring body composition and on muscle carbohydrate and lipid metabolism depending on the nutritional status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charline Quiclet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France
| | - Phanélie Berthon
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Hervé Sanchez
- French Armed Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Guillaume Vial
- Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1042, Grenoble, France
| | - Farida Siti
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Faculty of Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Eric Fontaine
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Batandier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Karine Couturier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lírio LM, Forechi L, Zanardo TC, Batista HM, Meira EF, Nogueira BV, Mill JG, Baldo MP. Chronic fructose intake accelerates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the presence of essential hypertension. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:85-92. [PMID: 26597602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing epidemic of metabolic syndrome has been related to the increased use of fructose by the food industry. In fact, the use of fructose as an ingredient has increased in sweetened beverages, such as sodas and juices. We thus hypothesized that fructose intake by hypertensive rats would have a worse prognosis in developing metabolic disorder and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS Male Wistar and SHR rats aged 6weeks were given water or fructose (10%) for 6weeks. Blood glucose was measured every two weeks, and insulin and glucose sensitivity tests were assessed at the end of the follow-up. Systolic blood pressure was measure by plethysmography. Lean mass and abdominal fat mass were collected and weighed. Liver tissue was analyzed to determine interstitial fat deposition and fibrosis. RESULTS Fasting glucose increased in animals that underwent a high fructose intake, independent of blood pressure levels. Also, insulin resistance was observed in normotensive and mostly in hypertensive rats after fructose intake. Fructose intake caused a 2.5-fold increase in triglycerides levels in both groups. Fructose intake did not change lean mass. However, we found that fructose intake significantly increased abdominal fat mass deposition in normotensive but not in hypertensive rats. Nevertheless, chronic fructose intake only increased fat deposition and fibrosis in the liver in hypertensive rats. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that, in normotensive and hypertensive rats, fructose intake increased triglycerides and abdominal fat deposition, and caused insulin resistance. However, hypertensive rats that underwent fructose intake also developed interstitial fat deposition and fibrosis in liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layla Mendonça Lírio
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ludimila Forechi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Tadeu Caliman Zanardo
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Hiago Martins Batista
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Rod Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Frizera Meira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Rod Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Breno Valentim Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - José Geraldo Mill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Perim Baldo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, Maruipe, 29042-755, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Díaz-aguila Y, Castelán F, Cuevas E, Zambrano E, Martínez-gómez M, Muñoz A, Rodríguez-antolín J, Nicolás-toledo L. Consumption of sucrose from infancy increases the visceral fat accumulation, concentration of triglycerides, insulin and leptin, and generates abnormalities in the adrenal gland. Anat Sci Int 2016; 91:151-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-015-0279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|