1
|
Kallakas H, Kattamanchi T, Kilumets C, Tarasova E, Krasnou I, Savest N, Ahmadian I, Kers J, Krumme A. Tensile and Surface Wettability Properties of the Solvent Cast Cellulose Fatty Acid Ester Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2677. [PMID: 37376322 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic cellulose esters are promising materials for bioplastic packaging. For that usage, it is important to understand their mechanical and surface wettability properties. In this study, a series of cellulose esters are prepared, such as laurate, myristate, palmitate, and stearate. The aim of the study is to investigate the tensile and surface wettability properties of the synthesized cellulose fatty acid esters to understand their suitability as a bioplastic packaging material. Cellulose fatty acid esters are first synthesized from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), then dissolved in pyridine solution, and after the solvent cast into thin films. The cellulose fatty acid ester acylation process is characterized by the FTIR method. Cellulose esters hydrophobicity is evaluated with contact angle measurements. The mechanical properties of the films are tested with the tensile test. For all the synthesized films, FTIR provides clear evidence of acylation by showing the presence of characteristic peaks. Films' mechanical properties are comparable to those of generally used plastics such as LDPE and HDPE. Furthermore, it appears that with an increase in the side-chain length, the water barrier properties showed improvement. These results show that they could potentially be suitable materials for films and packaging materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heikko Kallakas
- Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tanuj Kattamanchi
- Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Catherine Kilumets
- Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Elvira Tarasova
- Laboratory of Biopolymer Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Illia Krasnou
- Laboratory of Biopolymer Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Natalja Savest
- Laboratory of Biopolymer Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Iman Ahmadian
- Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jaan Kers
- Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andres Krumme
- Laboratory of Biopolymer Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das TK, Ganguly S. Revolutionizing Food Safety with Quantum Dot-Polymer Nanocomposites: From Monitoring to Sensing Applications. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112195. [PMID: 37297441 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review article investigates the prospective utilisation of quantum dot-polymer nanocomposites in the context of ensuring food safety. The text pertains to the advancement of nanocomposites, encompassing their distinctive optical and electrical characteristics, and their prospective to transform the detection and perception of food safety risks. The article explores diverse methodologies for producing nanocomposites and underscores their potential utility in identifying impurities, microorganisms, and harmful substances in food. The article provides an overview of the challenges and limitations associated with the utilisation of nanocomposites in food safety applications, encompassing concerns regarding toxicity and the necessity for standardised protocols. The review article presents a comprehensive examination of the present research status in this area and underscores the potential of quantum dots-polymer nanocomposites in transforming food safety monitoring and sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kanti Das
- Institute of Physics-Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sayan Ganguly
- Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma N, Wang X, Zhang M, Lu S, Hua Z, Wu Z, An R, Li L. Programmable Interactions of Cellulose Acetate with Octadecyltrichlorosilane-Functionalized SiO 2 Nanoparticles. Langmuir 2023; 39:5956-5969. [PMID: 37084536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
It is significant to understand the interfacial interactions involved between the cellulose acetate (CA) and dispersed nanomaterials, in which the enhanced interaction improves the mechanical behavior of CA. In this work, the amendments of CA with SiO2 nanoparticles have been found to be endowed by grafting varying concentrations (0, 3, 5, and 6%) of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS). Aided by SiO2 colloid probe atomic force microscopy (AFM with a probe diameter of 20 μm), the adhesion force between CA and SiO2 is found to be programmable by tuning OTS concentrations functionalized onto SiO2 surfaces. The adhesion forces of 5% OTS-functionalized SiO2 with CA are the strongest, followed by the ones of 0, 3, and 6% OTS, resulting in a smoother and denser morphology on the film with 5% OTS. The AFM-measured approaching force-distance curves have been further compared to predictions by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory, in which the XDLVO force is summed as the Liftshitz-van der Waals force (FLW), the electrostatic double-layer force (FEL), and the acid-base interaction force (FAB). FLW and FEL do not change significantly with OTS concentrations functionalized onto SiO2. However, FAB is sensitive to the functionalized OTS concentration onto SiO2 and significantly contributes to the interaction force of the composite films with 5% OTS, promoting the formation of a smooth and dense surface feature with a considerable mechanical performance demonstrated by load-displacement curves from a nanoindenter. This is highly encouraging and suggests that nanomaterials can be incorporated into CA to effectively improve their mechanical compatibility by programming the interaction between the CA matrix and nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ma
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shenjie Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zelin Hua
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Rong An
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Licheng Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Utz J, Zubizarreta J, Geis N, Immonen K, Kangas H, Ruckdäschel H. 3D Printed Cellulose-Based Filaments-Processing and Mechanical Properties. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6582. [PMID: 36233920 PMCID: PMC9571840 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is an abundant and sustainable material that is receiving more and more attention in different industries. In the context of additive manufacturing, it would be even more valuable. However, there are some challenges to overcome in processing cellulose-based materials. Therefore, this study used a new thermoplastic cellulose-based granulate to show its potential in filament extrusion and the fused filament fabrication printing process. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were investigated. It was shown that filaments with a suitable and uniform diameter could be produced. A parameter study for printing revealed that adhesion of the material on the bed and between layers was an issue but could be overcome with a suitable set of parameters. Tensile bars with different orientations of 0°, +/-45°, and 90° were printed and compared with injection-molded samples. It could be shown that different mechanisms (single strand breakage, shear failure) caused fracture for different printing orientations. In comparison with injection-molding, the printed parts showed lower mechanical properties (moduli of 74-95%, a tensile strength of 47-69%, and an elongation at break of 29-60%), but an improvement could be seen compared with earlier reported direct granule printing. The study showed that FFF is a suitable process for the new cellulose-based material to fabricate samples with good mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Utz
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jokin Zubizarreta
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nico Geis
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kirsi Immonen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tietotie 4E, FI-02044 VTT, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Heli Kangas
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tietotie 4E, FI-02044 VTT, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Holger Ruckdäschel
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
![]()
Chemical modification
of biopolymers, before use in thermoplastic
applications, can reduce the susceptibility to open environment degradation.
We demonstrate carbon dots (CDs) as green photocatalytic triggers
that can render the common cellulose derivative, cellulose acetate
(CA), degradable under open environment relevant conditions. CD-modified
cellulose acetate (CA + CD) films were subjected to UV-A irradiation
in air and simulated sea water, and the degradation process was mapped
by multiple spectroscopic, chromatographic, and microscopy techniques.
The addition of CDs effectively catalyzed the deacetylation reaction,
the bottleneck preventing biodegradation of CA. The photocatalytically
activated degradation process led to significant weight loss, release
of small molecules, and regeneration of cellulose fibers. The weight
loss of CA + CD after 30 days of UV-A irradiation in air or simulated
sea water was 53 and 43%, respectively, while the corresponding values
for plain CA films were 12 and 4%. At the same time the weight average
molar mass of CA + CD decreased from 62,000 to 11,000 g/mol and 15,000
g/mol during UV-A irradiation in air and simulated sea water, respectively,
and the degree of substitution (DS) decreased from 2.2 to 1.6 both
in air and in water. The aging in water alone did not affect the weight
average molar mass, but the DS was decreased to 1.9. Control experiments
confirmed the generation of hydrogen peroxide when aqueous CD dispersion
was subjected to UV-A irradiation, indicating a free radical mechanism.
These results are promising for the development of products, such
as mulching films, with photocatalytically triggered environmental
degradation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ku BJ, Lee BM, Kim DH, Mnoyan A, Hong SK, Go KS, Kwon EH, Kim SH, Choi JH, Lee K. Photothermal Fabrics for Efficient Oil-Spill Remediation via Solar-Driven Evaporation Combined with Adsorption. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:13106-13113. [PMID: 33720695 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oil spill rapidly destroys aquatic system and threatens humans, requiring fast and efficient remedy for removal of oil. The conventional remedy employs water-floating oil adsorbents whose volume should be large enough to accommodate all oil ingredients. Here, we suggest a new concept for efficient oil-spill remediation, which combines solar-driven evaporation of light oil components and simultaneous adsorption of heavy oil components, namely, solar-driven evaporation of oil combined with adsorption (SEOA). To design photothermal oil absorbents for the efficient SEOA, we designed carbonaceous fabrics with high photothermal heating performance and oil-adsorption capacity by carbonizing nonwoven cotton fabrics. For three model organic solvents of octane, decane, and dodecane floating on water, the fabrics, respectively, accelerated the evaporation in factors of 2.0, 4.4, and 2.3 through photothermal heating under simulated sunlight condition. For the 1.18 mm thick crude oil floating on water, 70 and 77 wt % of crude oil were evaporated within 2 and 16 h, respectively, with the photothermal fabrics, whereas only 22 and 34 wt % was evaporated in the absence of the fabrics, indicating the dramatic enhancement of oil removal by solar-driven evaporation. The remaining heavy oil components were accommodated in the pores of the fabrics, removal of which showed an additional 18 wt % reduction; that is, a total 95 wt % of the crude oil was removed. The oil-treatment capacity is as high as 110 g g-1, which has never been achieved with conventional oil adsorbents to the best of our knowledge. We believe that our combinatorial SEOA approach potentially contributes to minimizing the environmental disaster through a fast and efficient oil-spill remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bon-Jun Ku
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Byoung-Min Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Anush Mnoyan
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Hong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Kang Seok Go
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kwon
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Kyubock Lee
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yadav N, Hakkarainen M. Degradable or not? Cellulose acetate as a model for complicated interplay between structure, environment and degradation. Chemosphere 2021; 265:128731. [PMID: 33127118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Degradable and/or biobased plastics are advocated as possible solution to plastic waste problem. Although mechanical and chemical recycling or energy recovery are in many cases a preferred option to regain the material value, for some applications composting is ideal. However, to more generally ensure complete degradation of plastics within a relatively short time-frame in all-natural environments would be extremely challenging, if not impossible. It is also important to keep in mind that it is the chemical structure and composition in combination with degradation environment that determines whether the plastic will degrade and within what timeframe. Biobased materials can be as stable as the petroleum-based counterparts and face the same waste-management problems. One interesting group of biobased materials are the modified biopolymer-based plastics, such as cellulose acetate (CA). How different modifications affect the inherent degradability of biopolymers is still poorly understood, which is reflected in the contradictory literature. This mirrors the complex interplay between structure-environment-degradability, where structural changes such as degree of substitution in the case of CA and changes in selected degradation environment can lead to totally different end-results and conclusions. Understanding these interactions is a fascinating scientific question. The deposition of CA based products as common surface litter makes it also question of societal and environmental interest. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge on degradation of CA and in larger perspective highlight the complicated nature of plastic and bioplastic degradation in natural environments and the interplay between different environmental parameters and material modifications on this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology & Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology & Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen K, Yu J, Huang J, Tang Q, Li H, Zou Z. Improved mechanical, water vapor barrier and UV-shielding properties of cellulose acetate films with flower-like metal-organic framework nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1-9. [PMID: 33253742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Flower-like metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOF) nanoparticles are successfully synthesized and incorporated into cellulose acetate (CA) matrix to prepare CA-based functional nanocomposite films via a simple solution-casting method. The effect of the incorporation of flower-like Cu-MOF on the morphological, mechanical, thermal, surface wettability, water vapor barrier, cytotoxicity, photostability and UV-shielding properties of CA films is fully investigated. Results reveal that the flower-like Cu-MOF has good compatibility with CA, providing uniform and compact nanocomposite films. The as-prepared nanocomposite films show improved mechanical properties, surface hydrophobicity, water vapor barrier ability compared to neat CA film, and exhibit super UV-shielding capability through the entire UV regions meanwhile retaining a high visible transparency. Moreover, the high transparency and UV-shielding ability of the nanocomposite films can be still maintained even after continuous UV-light (365 nm) irradiation for 12 h. In addition, MTT cytotoxicity assays towards normal human liver cells (HL-7702) reveal high cell viability (over 80%) and good biocompatibility for the CA/Cu-MOF nanocomposite films. These results indicate that the CA/Cu-MOF nanocomposite films with obviously improved physical and functional performances hold significant potential for transparent packaging and UV-protection applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jingling Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qun Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Heping Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhiming Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Melo PTS, Otoni CG, Barud HS, Aouada FA, de Moura MR. Upcycling Microbial Cellulose Scraps into Nanowhiskers with Engineered Performance as Fillers in All-Cellulose Composites. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:46661-46666. [PMID: 32935963 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is everywhere and renovates in nature continuously and rapidly, while petroleum does not. Unlike the latter, cellulose biodegrades and may represent a carbon sink. Inspired by the multiscale architecture of cellulose, we report on all-cellulose composites comprising cellulose ether as a matrix and highly pure bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNCs) as fillers. Optimum performance as a packaging material was achieved by engineering BCNC surface chemistry as well as the filler-in-matrix dispersion, targeting the replacement of unsustainable, fossil-derived plastics intended for single-use applications. Cost could pose a hurdle, eliminated through the valorization of underutilized scraps from industrial operations, which is also in line with the circular bioeconomy in terms of the integral use of biomass. As far as performance, the optically transparent hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) films presented improved tensile strength (from 61 ± 6 to 86 ± 9 MPa) and Young's modulus (from 1.5 ± 0.2 to 2.7 ± 0.4 GPa) while reduced elongation at break (from 15 ± 2 to 12 ± 2%) and water vapor permeability (from 0.40 ± 0.02 to 0.31 ± 0.01 g mm h-1 m-2 kPa-1) when filled with only 5 wt % of (120 ± 31) nm long, (13 ± 3) nm wide, 88% crystalline BCNC. This dual, win-win effect of BCNCs on the mechanical and barrier properties of HPMC films was enabled by a suitable dispersion state, achieved via high-energy mixing, and quenched by casting. This study adds to the current literature on all-cellulose composites and helps pave the route for the technical and economical feasibilities of replacing non-renewable, non-biodegradable plastics in short-term applications by materials that are both renewable and biodegradable, that are also produced through green protocols and isolated from surplus biomass, and that still perform similarly or even better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela T S Melo
- Grupo de Compósitos e Nanocompósitos Híbridos (GCNH), Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ilha Solteira School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15385-000 Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio G Otoni
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernane S Barud
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Biomaterials (BioPolMat), University of Araraquara (UNIARA), 14801-340 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fauze A Aouada
- Grupo de Compósitos e Nanocompósitos Híbridos (GCNH), Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ilha Solteira School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15385-000 Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia R de Moura
- Grupo de Compósitos e Nanocompósitos Híbridos (GCNH), Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ilha Solteira School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15385-000 Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Adolfsson KH, Melilli G, Hakkarainen M. Oxidized Carbonized Cellulose-Coated Filters for Environmental Contaminant Adsorption and Detection. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H. Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Melilli
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|