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Li H, Mansoori Kermani M, Ottochian A, Crescenzi O, Janesko BG, Truhlar DG, Scalmani G, Frisch MJ, Ciofini I, Adamo C. Modeling Multi-Step Organic Reactions: Can Density Functional Theory Deliver Misleading Chemistry? J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6721-6732. [PMID: 38413362 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Many organic reactions are characterized by a complex mechanism with a variety of transition states and intermediates of different chemical natures. Their correct and accurate theoretical characterization critically depends on the accuracy of the computational method used. In this work, we study a complex ambimodal cycloaddition with five transition states, two intermediates, and three products, and we ask whether density functional theory (DFT) can provide a correct description of this type of complex and multifaceted reaction. Our work fills a gap in that most systematic benchmarks of DFT for chemical reactions have considered much simpler reactions. Our results show that many density functionals not only lead to seriously large errors but also differ from one another in predicting whether the reaction is ambimodal. Only a few of the available functionals provide a balanced description of the complex and multifaceted reactions. The parameters varied in the tested functionals are the ingredients, the treatment of medium-range and nonlocal correlation energy, and the inclusion of Hartree-Fock exchange. These results show a clear need for more benchmarks on the mechanisms of large molecules in complex reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Li
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Maryam Mansoori Kermani
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Alistar Ottochian
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Orlando Crescenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | | | | | - Ilaria Ciofini
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Carlo Adamo
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Paris F-75005, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Boulevard Saint Michel, Paris F-75005, France
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2
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Kanchanakungwankul S, Verma P, Janesko BG, Scalmani G, Frisch MJ, Truhlar DG. M11pz: A Nonlocal Meta Functional with Zero Hartree-Fock Exchange and with Broad Accuracy for Chemical Energies and Structures. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:9102-9117. [PMID: 38096578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The accuracy of Kohn-Sham density functional theory depends strongly on the approximation to the exchange-correlation functional. In this work, we present a new exchange-correlation functional called M11pz (M11 plus rung-3.5 terms with zero Hartree-Fock exchange) that is built on the M11plus functional with the goal of using its rung-3.5 terms without a Hartree-Fock exchange term, especially to improve the accuracy for strongly correlated systems. The M11pz functional is optimized with the same local and rung-3.5 ingredients that are used in M11plus but without any percentage of Hartree-Fock exchange. The performance of M11pz is compared with eight local functionals, and M11pz is found to be in top three when the errors or ranks are averaged over eight grouped and partially overlapping databases: AME418/22, atomic and molecular energies; MGBE172, main-group bond energies; TMBE40, transition-metal bond energies; SR309, single-reference systems; MR54, multireference systems; BH192, barrier heights; NC579, noncovalent interaction energies; and MS20, molecular structures. For calculations of band gaps of solids, M11pz is the second best of the nine tested functionals that have zero Hartree-Fock exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriluk Kanchanakungwankul
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Pragya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76110, United States
| | | | | | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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3
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Brothers EN, Bengali AA, Scalmani G, Janesko BG, Verma P, Truhlar DG, Frisch MJ. Comparing Density Functional Theory Metal-Ligand Bond Dissociation Enthalpies with Experimental Solution-Phase Enthalpies of Activation for Bond Dissociation. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9695-9704. [PMID: 37939355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The predictive ability of density functional theory is fundamental to its usefulness in chemical applications. Recent work has compared solution-phase enthalpies of activation for metal-ligand bond dissociation to enthalpies of reaction for bond dissociation, and the present work continues those comparisons for 43 density functional methods. The results for ligand dissociation enthalpies of 30 metal-ligand complexes tested in this work reveal significant inadequacies of some functionals as well as challenges from the dispersion corrections to some functionals. The analysis presented here demonstrates the excellent performance of a recent density functional, M11plus, which contains nonlocal rung-3.5 correlation. We also find a good agreement between theory and experiment for some functionals without empirical dispersion corrections such as M06, r2SCAN, M06-L, and revM11, as well as good performance for some functionals with added dispersion corrections such as ωB97X-D (which always has a correction) and BLYP, B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, and PBE0 when the optional dispersion corrections are added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward N Brothers
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac Street, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Ashfaq A Bengali
- Division of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Giovanni Scalmani
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac Street, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76110, United States
| | - Pragya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Michael J Frisch
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac Street, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
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4
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Kermani MM, Li H, Ottochian A, Crescenzi O, Janesko BG, Scalmani G, Frisch MJ, Ciofini I, Adamo C, Truhlar DG. Barrier Heights for Diels-Alder Transition States Leading to Pentacyclic Adducts: A Benchmark Study of Crowded, Strained Transition States of Large Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6522-6531. [PMID: 37449565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical characterization of reactions of complex molecules depends on providing consistent accuracy for the relative energies of intermediates and transition states. Here we employ the DLPNO-CCSD(T) method with core-valence correlation, large basis sets, and extrapolation to the CBS limit to provide benchmark values for Diels-Alder transition states leading to competitive strained pentacyclic adducts. We then used those benchmarks to test a diverse set of wave function and density functional methods for the absolute and relative barrier heights of these transition states. Our results show that only a few of the tested density functionals can predict the absolute barrier heights satisfactorily, although relative barrier heights are more accurate. The most accurate functionals tested are ωB97M-V, M11plus, ωB97X-V, PBE-D3(0), M11, and MN15 with MUDs from best estimates less than 3.0 kcal. These findings can guide selection of density functionals for future studies of crowded, strained transition states of large molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mansoori Kermani
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Hanwei Li
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alistar Ottochian
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Orlando Crescenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | | | | | - Ilaria Ciofini
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Carlo Adamo
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Boulevard Saint Michel, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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5
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Fürst S, Haasler M, Grotjahn R, Kaupp M. Full Implementation, Optimization, and Evaluation of a Range-Separated Local Hybrid Functional with Wide Accuracy for Ground and Excited States. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:488-502. [PMID: 36625881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the first full and efficient implementation of range-separated local hybrid functionals (RSLHs) into the TURBOMOLE program package. This enables the computation of ground-state energies and nuclear gradients as well as excitation energies. Regarding the computational effort, RSLHs scale like regular local hybrid functionals (LHs) with system or basis set size and increase timings by a factor of 2-3 in total. An advanced RSLH, ωLH22t, has been optimized for atomization energies and reaction barriers. It is an extension of the recent LH20t local hybrid and is based on short-range PBE and long-range HF exchange-energy densities, a pig2 calibration function to deal with the gauge ambiguity of exchange-energy densities, and reoptimized B95c correlation. ωLH22t has been evaluated for a wide range of ground-state and excited-state quantities. It further improves upon the already successful LH20t functional for the GMTKN55 main-group energetics test suite, and it outperforms any global hybrid while performing close to the top rung-4 functional, ωB97M-V, for these evaluations when augmented by D4 dispersion corrections. ωLH22t performs excellently for transition-metal reactivity and provides good balance between delocalization errors and left-right correlation for mixed-valence systems, with a somewhat larger bias toward localized states compared to LH20t. It approaches the accuracy of the best local hybrids to date for core, valence singlet and triplet, and Rydberg excitation energies while improving strikingly on intra- and intermolecular charge-transfer excitations, comparable to the most successful range-separated hybrids available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fürst
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Haasler
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Grotjahn
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Abstract
This Communication presents a unified derivation of three different approximations used in density functional theory (DFT): the Perdew-Zunger self-interaction correction (PZSIC), the Hubbard correction DFT+U, and the Rung 3.5 density functionals. All three approximations can be derived by introducing electron self-interaction into the Kohn-Sham (KS) reference system of noninteracting electrons. The derivation uses the Adiabatic Projection formalism: one projects the electron-electron interaction operator onto certain states, introduces the projected operator into the reference system, and defines a density functional for the remainder. Projecting onto individual localized KS orbitals recovers our previous derivation of the PZSIC [B. G. Janesko, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 13, 5698-5702 (2022)]. Projecting onto localized atom-centered orbitals recovers a variant of DFT+U. Projecting onto localized states at each point in space recovers Rung 3.5 approaches. New results include an "atomic state PZSIC" that does not require localizing the KS orbitals, a demonstration that typical Hubbard U parameters reproduce a scaled-down PZSIC, and a Rung 3.5 variant of DFT+U that does not require choosing atom-dependent states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Dr., Fort Worth, Texas 76109, USA
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7
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Majumdar S, Roy AK. Recent Advances in Cartesian-Grid DFT in Atoms and Molecules. Front Chem 2022; 10:926916. [PMID: 35936092 PMCID: PMC9354079 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.926916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past several decades, density functional theory (DFT) has evolved as a leading player across a dazzling variety of fields, from organic chemistry to condensed matter physics. The simple conceptual framework and computational elegance are the underlying driver for this. This article reviews some of the recent developments that have taken place in our laboratory in the past 5 years. Efforts are made to validate a viable alternative for DFT calculations for small to medium systems through a Cartesian coordinate grid- (CCG-) based pseudopotential Kohn–Sham (KS) DFT framework using LCAO-MO ansatz. In order to legitimize its suitability and efficacy, at first, electric response properties, such as dipole moment (μ), static dipole polarizability (α), and first hyperpolarizability (β), are calculated. Next, we present a purely numerical approach in CCG for proficient computation of exact exchange density contribution in certain types of orbital-dependent density functionals. A Fourier convolution theorem combined with a range-separated Coulomb interaction kernel is invoked. This takes motivation from a semi-numerical algorithm, where the rate-deciding factor is the evaluation of electrostatic potential. Its success further leads to a systematic self-consistent approach from first principles, which is desirable in the development of optimally tuned range-separated hybrid and hyper functionals. Next, we discuss a simple, alternative time-independent DFT procedure, for computation of single-particle excitation energies, by means of “adiabatic connection theorem” and virial theorem. Optical gaps in organic chromophores, dyes, linear/non-linear PAHs, and charge transfer complexes are faithfully reproduced. In short, CCG-DFT is shown to be a successful route for various practical applications in electronic systems.
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8
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Bryenton KR, Adeleke AA, Dale SG, Johnson ER. Delocalization error: The greatest outstanding challenge in density‐functional theory. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R. Bryenton
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | | | - Stephen G. Dale
- Queensland Micro‐ and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Queensland Australia
| | - Erin R. Johnson
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Chemistry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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9
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Zhou C, Hermes MR, Wu D, Bao JJ, Pandharkar R, King DS, Zhang D, Scott TR, Lykhin AO, Gagliardi L, Truhlar DG. Electronic structure of strongly correlated systems: recent developments in multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory and multiconfiguration nonclassical-energy functional theory. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7685-7706. [PMID: 35865899 PMCID: PMC9261488 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong electron correlation plays an important role in transition-metal and heavy-metal chemistry, magnetic molecules, bond breaking, biradicals, excited states, and many functional materials, but it provides a significant challenge for modern electronic structure theory. The treatment of strongly correlated systems usually requires a multireference method to adequately describe spin densities and near-degeneracy correlation. However, quantitative computation of dynamic correlation with multireference wave functions is often difficult or impractical. Multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT) provides a way to blend multiconfiguration wave function theory and density functional theory to quantitatively treat both near-degeneracy correlation and dynamic correlation in strongly correlated systems; it is more affordable than multireference perturbation theory, multireference configuration interaction, or multireference coupled cluster theory and more accurate for many properties than Kohn–Sham density functional theory. This perspective article provides a brief introduction to strongly correlated systems and previously reviewed progress on MC-PDFT followed by a discussion of several recent developments and applications of MC-PDFT and related methods, including localized-active-space MC-PDFT, generalized active-space MC-PDFT, density-matrix-renormalization-group MC-PDFT, hybrid MC-PDFT, multistate MC-PDFT, spin–orbit coupling, analytic gradients, and dipole moments. We also review the more recently introduced multiconfiguration nonclassical-energy functional theory (MC-NEFT), which is like MC-PDFT but allows for other ingredients in the nonclassical-energy functional. We discuss two new kinds of MC-NEFT methods, namely multiconfiguration density coherence functional theory and machine-learned functionals. This feature article overviews recent work on active spaces, matrix product reference states, treatment of quasidegeneracy, hybrid theory, density-coherence functionals, machine-learned functionals, spin–orbit coupling, gradients, and dipole moments.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
| | - Matthew R. Hermes
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dihua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
| | - Jie J. Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
| | - Riddhish Pandharkar
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Daniel S. King
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dayou Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
| | - Thais R. Scott
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aleksandr O. Lykhin
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
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10
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Kanchanakungwankul S, Truhlar DG. Examination of How Well Long-Range-Corrected Density Functionals Satisfy the Ionization Energy Theorem. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:4823-4830. [PMID: 34319716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We calculated the vertical ionization energies (VIE) of 99 species in two ways to examine the accuracy of several long-range-corrected (LC) hybrid meta functionals in comparison with a gradient approximation (GA), global hybrids, and doubly hybrids. In the category of LC functionals, we examined both those with meta ingredients (i.e., that depend on the kinetic energy density) and those without them. The LC-hybrid meta functionals examined are M11, revM11, M11plus, and ωB97M-V. The reference data used to assess accuracy consist of 95 molecules and 4 atoms in the GW100 set. The two methods studied are the ΔSCF method (involving the difference of neutral and cation self-consistent field (SCF) energies) and the ionization energy theorem (involving the orbital energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital, HOMO). We calculated linear correlation coefficients (r2) and mean absolute deviations (MADs) between each approach and the reference VIE value from the CCSD(T)/def2-TZVPP level of theory. We compared the new LC-hybrid meta calculations to calculations with the 10 functionals in a previous VIE study by Brémond et al. and to the calculations with LC-BLYP (LC-Becke, Lee-Yang-Parr), CAM-B3LYP (Coulomb-attenuating-method Becke-3-parameter Lee-Yang-Parr), LC-ωHPBE, and ωB97X-D. The results show that Minnesota LC-hybrid meta functionals have the smallest mean absolute deviation of ionization energy theorem VIEs with the reference data; the LC-ωHPBE functional also does quite well in this test. This is very encouraging and indicates that LC-hybrid meta functionals would be the best starting points for the tuning strategy that has been shown to be a very good procedure for improving time-dependent density functional calculations, and it also helps explain the good success of LC-hybrid meta functionals for molecular excitation energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriluk Kanchanakungwankul
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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11
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Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) is the most widely-used electronic structure approximation across chemistry, physics, and materials science. Every year, thousands of papers report hybrid DFT simulations of chemical structures, mechanisms, and spectra. Unfortunately, hybrid DFT's accuracy is ultimately limited by tradeoffs between over-delocalization and under-binding. This review summarizes these tradeoffs, and introduces six modern attempts to go beyond them while maintaining hybrid DFT's relatively low computational cost: DFT+U, self-interaction corrections, localized orbital scaling corrections, local hybrid functionals, real-space nondynamical correlation, and our rung-3.5 approach. The review concludes with practical suggestions for DFT users to identify and mitigate these tradeoffs' impact on their simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Dr, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Kohn-Sham density functional theory with the available exchange-correlation functionals is less accurate for strongly correlated systems, which require a multiconfigurational description as a zero-order function, than for weakly correlated systems, and available functionals of the spin densities do not accurately predict energies for many strongly correlated systems when one uses multiconfigurational wave functions with spin symmetry. Furthermore, adding a correlation functional to a multiconfigurational reference energy can lead to double counting of electron correlation. Multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT) overcomes both obstacles, the second by calculating the quantum mechanical part of the electronic energy entirely by a functional, and the first by using a functional of the total density and the on-top pair density rather than the spin densities. This allows one to calculate the energy of strongly correlated systems efficiently with a pair-density functional and a suitable multiconfigurational reference function. This article reviews MC-PDFT and related background information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA;
| | - Jie J Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA;
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA;
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, James Franck Institute, and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA;
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13
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Ramos C, Janesko BG. Nonlocal rung-3.5 correlation from the density matrix expansion: Flat-plane condition, thermochemistry, and kinetics. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:164116. [PMID: 33138396 DOI: 10.1063/5.0025160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rung-3.5 approach to density functional theory constructs nonlocal approximate correlation from the expectation values of nonlocal one-electron operators. This offers an inexpensive solution to hybrid functionals' imbalance between exact nonlocal exchange and local approximate correlation. Our rung-3.5 correlation functionals also include a local complement to the nonlocal ingredient, analogous to the local exchange component of a hybrid functional. Here, we use the density matrix expansion (DME) to build rung-3.5 complements. We demonstrate how these provide a measure of local fractional occupancy and use them to approximate the flat-plane condition. We also use these complements in a three-parameter nonlocal correlation functional compatible with full nonlocal exchange. This functional approaches the accuracy of widely used hybrids for molecular thermochemistry and kinetics. The DME provides a foundation for practical, minimally empirical, nonlocal correlation functionals compatible with full nonlocal local exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Ramos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Dr., Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Dr., Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
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14
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Scalmani G, Frisch MJ, Janesko BG. Calculation of magnetic properties with density functional approximations including rung 3.5 ingredients. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:164101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0026269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Scalmani
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac St. Bldg. 40, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA
| | - Michael J. Frisch
- Gaussian, Inc., 340 Quinnipiac St. Bldg. 40, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA
| | - Benjamin G. Janesko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Dr., Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
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Brémond É, Pérez-Jiménez ÁJ, Sancho-García JC, Adamo C. Range-separated hybrid and double-hybrid density functionals: A quest for the determination of the range-separation parameter. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:244124. [PMID: 32610956 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently derived a new and simple route to the determination of the range-separation parameter in range-separated exchange hybrid and double-hybrid density functionals by imposing an additional constraint to the exchange-correlation energy to recover the total energy of the hydrogen atom [Brémond et al., J. Chem. Phys. 15, 201102 (2019)]. Here, we thoroughly assess this choice by statistically comparing the derived values of the range-separation parameters to the ones obtained using the optimal tuning (OT) approach. We show that both approaches closely agree, thus, confirming the reliability of ours. We demonstrate that it provides very close performances in the computation of properties particularly prone to the one- and many-electron self-interaction errors (i.e., ionization potentials). Our approach arises as an alternative to the OT procedure, conserving the accuracy and efficiency of a standard Kohn-Sham approach to density-functional theory computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Brémond
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Carlo Adamo
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), FRE 2027, F-75005 Paris, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei, Jimo, Qingdao 266237, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita P. Magalhães
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, BioSIMDepartamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro 4200-319 Porto Portugal
| | - Henriques S. Fernandes
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, BioSIMDepartamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro 4200-319 Porto Portugal
| | - Sérgio F. Sousa
- UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, BioSIMDepartamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro 4200-319 Porto Portugal
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Janesko BG, Verma P, Scalmani G, Frisch MJ, Truhlar DG. M11plus, a Range-Separated Hybrid Meta Functional Incorporating Nonlocal Rung-3.5 Correlation, Exhibits Broad Accuracy on Diverse Databases. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3045-3050. [PMID: 32208727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present tests of the recent M11plus Minnesota density functional for a broad range of main-group and transition-metal chemistry databases, most of which were not used in in the construction of any of the Minnesota functionals. M11plus is a range-separated hybrid meta functional combining long-range nonlocal Hartree-Fock exchange with nonlocal rung-3.5 correlation. M11plus performs well for main-group thermochemistry, kinetics, and noncovalent interactions and especially well for radical species. It is numerically well behaved, it has a computational cost that is ∼1.2 to 1.5 times that of M11 in realistic calculations, and it is particularly accurate for triplet excited states, which is a difficult challenge for density functional approximations. The results show that nonlocal rung-3.5 correlation is a broadly useful ingredient for improving the performance of density functional approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76110, United States
| | - Pragya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Nanoporous Materials Genome Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | | | | | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, Nanoporous Materials Genome Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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