1
|
Abstract
The pseudo-two-dimensional (2D) morphology of plate-like metal nanoparticles makes them one of the most anisotropic, mechanistically understood, and tunable structures available. Although well-known for their superior plasmonic properties, recent progress in the 2D growth of various other materials has led to an increasingly diverse family of plate-like metal nanoparticles, giving rise to numerous appealing properties and applications. In this review, we summarize recent progress on the solution-phase growth of colloidal plate-like metal nanoparticles, including plasmonic and other metals, with an emphasis on mechanistic insights for different synthetic strategies, the crystallographic habits of different metals, and the use of nanoplates as scaffolds for the synthesis of other derivative structures. We additionally highlight representative self-assembly techniques and provide a brief overview on the attractive properties and unique versatility benefiting from the 2D morphology. Finally, we share our opinions on the existing challenges and future perspectives for plate-like metal nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Scarabelli
- NANOPTO Group, Institue of Materials Science of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Muhua Sun
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Sungjae Yoo
- Research Institute for Nano Bio Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, 43009 Bilbao, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Cinbio, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pedrazo-Tardajos A, Arslan Irmak E, Kumar V, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Chen Q, Wirix M, Freitag B, Albrecht W, Van Aert S, Liz-Marzán LM, Bals S. Thermal Activation of Gold Atom Diffusion in Au@Pt Nanorods. ACS Nano 2022; 16:9608-9619. [PMID: 35687880 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the thermal stability of bimetallic nanoparticles is of vital importance to preserve their functionalities during their use in a variety of applications. In contrast to well-studied bimetallic systems such as Au@Ag, heat-induced morphological and compositional changes in Au@Pt nanoparticles are insufficiently understood, even though Au@Pt is an important material for catalysis. To investigate the thermal instability of Au@Pt nanorods at temperatures below their bulk melting point, we combined in situ heating with two- and three-dimensional electron microscopy techniques, including three-dimensional energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The experimental results were used as input for molecular dynamics simulations, to unravel the mechanisms behind the morphological transformation of Au@Pt core-shell nanorods. We conclude that thermal stability is influenced not only by the degree of coverage of Pt on Au but also by structural details of the Pt shell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Pedrazo-Tardajos
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ece Arslan Irmak
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vished Kumar
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER- BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Qiongyang Chen
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maarten Wirix
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Strijp-T, Zwaanstraat 31G, 5651 Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Freitag
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Strijp-T, Zwaanstraat 31G, 5651 Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebke Albrecht
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Aert
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER- BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie X, van Huis MA, van Blaaderen A. Symmetric and asymmetric epitaxial growth of metals (Ag, Pd, and Pt) onto Au nanotriangles: effects of reductants and plasmonic properties. Nanoscale 2021; 13:2902-2913. [PMID: 33449991 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06789j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The surface plasmon resonance of noble metals can be tuned by morphology and composition, offering interesting opportunities for applications in biomedicine, optoelectronics, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, and sensing. Here, we present the results of the symmetrical and asymmetrical overgrowth of metals (Ag, Pd, and Pt) onto triangular Au nanoplates using l-ascorbic acid (AA) and/or salicylic acid (SA) as reductants. By varying the reaction conditions, various types of Au nanotriangle-metal (Au NT-M) hetero-nanostructures were easily prepared. The plasmonic properties of as-synthesized nanoparticles were investigated by a combination of optical absorbance measurements and Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations. We show that specific use of these reductants enables controlled growth of different metals on Au NTs, yielding different morphologies and allowing manipulation and tuning of the plasmonic properties of bimetallic Au NT-M (Ag, Pd, and Pt) structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Xie
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marijn A van Huis
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfons van Blaaderen
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhanushali S, Mahasivam S, Ramanathan R, Singh M, Harrop Mayes EL, Murdoch BJ, Bansal V, Sastry M. Photomodulated Spatially Confined Chemical Reactivity in a Single Silver Nanoprism. ACS Nano 2020; 14:11100-11109. [PMID: 32790283 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom and single-particle catalysis is an area of considerable topical interest due to their potential in explaining important fundamental processes and applications across several areas. An interesting avenue in single-particle catalysis is spatial control of chemical reactivity within the particle by employing light as an external stimulus. To demonstrate this concept, we report galvanic replacement reactions (GRRs) as a spatial marker of subparticle chemical reactivity of a silver nanoprism with AuCl4- ions under optical excitation. The location of a GRR within a single Ag nanoprism can be spatially controlled depending on the plasmon mode excited. This leads to chemomorphological transformation of Ag nanoprisms into interesting Ag-Au structures. This spatial biasing effect is attributed to localized hot electron injection from the tips and edges of the silver nanoprisms to the adjacent reactants that correlate with excitation of different surface plasmon modes. The study also employs low-energy-loss EELS mapping to additionally probe the spatially confined redox reaction within a silver nanoprism. The findings presented here allow the visualization of a plasmon-driven subparticle chemical transformation with high resolution. The selective optical excitation of surface plasmon eigenmodes of anisotropic nanoparticles offers opportunities to spatially modulate chemical transformations mediated by hot electron transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushrut Bhanushali
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Sanje Mahasivam
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Edwin Lawrence Harrop Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Billy James Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Murali Sastry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ringe E. Shapes, Plasmonic Properties, and Reactivity of Magnesium Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2020; 124:15665-15679. [PMID: 32905178 PMCID: PMC7467285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c03871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances have attracted much attention due to their ability to enhance light-matter interactions and manipulate light at the subwavelength level. Recently, alternatives to the rare and expensive noble metals Ag and Au have been sought for more sustainable and large-scale plasmonic utilization. Mg supports plasmon resonances, is one of the most abundant elements in earth's crust, and is fully biocompatible, making it an attractive framework for plasmonics. This feature article first reports the hexagonal, folded, and kite-like shapes expected theoretically from a modified Wulff construction for single crystal and twinned Mg structures and describes their excellent match with experimental results. Then, the optical response of Mg nanoparticles is overviewed, highlighting Mg's ability to sustain localized surface plasmon resonances across the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared electromagnetic ranges. The various resonant modes of hexagons, leading to the highly localized electric field characteristic of plasmonic behavior, are presented numerically and experimentally. The evolution of these modes and the associated field from hexagons to the lower symmetry folded structures is then probed, again by matching simulations, optical, and electron spectroscopy data. Lastly, results demonstrating the opportunities and challenges related to the high chemical reactivity of Mg are discussed, including surface oxide formation and galvanic replacement as a synthetic tool for bimetallics. This Feature Article concludes with a summary of the next steps, open questions, and future directions in the field of Mg nanoplasmonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Ringe
- Department of Materials Science
and Metallurgy, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 3EQ
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheng L, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhang X, Bustillo KC, Yao Y, Yi X, Zhu M, Li W, Zheng H. A unique pathway of PtNi nanoparticle formation observed with liquid cell transmission electron microscopy. Nanoscale 2020; 12:1414-1418. [PMID: 31903477 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08352a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of nanoparticle growth is significant for controlled synthesis of nanomaterials with desired physical and chemical properties. Here we report the in situ study of platinum-nickel alloy nanoparticle growth using in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The observation revealed that Ni dendrites can form at the beginning and subsequently PtNi nanoparticles nucleate and grow by consumption of the Ni dendrites. The resulting PtNi alloy nanoparticles have a narrow size distribution with an average diameter of 3.7 nm, which are smaller than those obtained via classical solution growth. This work shed light on using such a unique growth pathway for the synthesis of novel nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Zheng
- Division of Functional Materials, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kluenker M, Connolly BM, Marolf DM, Nawaz Tahir M, Korschelt K, Simon P, Köhler U, Plana-Ruiz S, Barton B, Panthöfer M, Kolb U, Tremel W. Controlling the Morphology of Au–Pd Heterodimer Nanoparticles by Surface Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13640-13652. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kluenker
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bethany M. Connolly
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Marolf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Muhammad Nawaz Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 5048, Dhahran 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Karsten Korschelt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Simon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Uta Köhler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergi Plana-Ruiz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- LENS, MIND/IN2UB, Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Physics, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bastian Barton
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Division of Plastics, Fraunhofer-Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Schlossgartenstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Panthöfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute Kolb
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Straney PJ, Diemler NA, Smith AM, Eddinger ZE, Gilliam MS, Millstone JE. Ligand-Mediated Deposition of Noble Metals at Nanoparticle Plasmonic Hotspots. Langmuir 2018; 34:1084-1091. [PMID: 29148778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of gold nanoparticle surface chemistry as a tool for site-selective noble metal deposition onto colloidal gold nanoparticle substrates. Specifically, we demonstrate that partial passivation of the gold nanoparticle surface using thiolated ligands can induce a transition from linear palladium island deposition to growth of palladium selectively at plasmonic hotspots on the edges or vertices of the underlying particle substrate. Further, we demonstrate the broader applicability of this approach with respect to substrate morphology (e.g., prismatic and rod-shaped nanoparticles), secondary metal (e.g., palladium, gold, and platinum), and surface ligand (e.g., surfactant molecules and n-alkanethiols). Taken together, these results demonstrate the important role of metal-ligand surface chemistry and ligand packing density on the resulting modes of multimetallic nanoparticle growth, and in particular, the ability to direct that growth to particle regions of impact such as plasmonic hotspots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Straney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Nathan A Diemler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zachary E Eddinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Matthew S Gilliam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Joplin A, Hosseini Jebeli SA, Sung E, Diemler N, Straney PJ, Yorulmaz M, Chang WS, Millstone JE, Link S. Correlated Absorption and Scattering Spectroscopy of Individual Platinum-Decorated Gold Nanorods Reveals Strong Excitation Enhancement in the Nonplasmonic Metal. ACS Nano 2017; 11:12346-12357. [PMID: 29155558 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic nanocatalysts have the potential to surmount current limitations in industrial catalysis if their electronic and optical properties can be effectively controlled. However, improving the performance of bimetallic photocatalysts requires a functional understanding of how the intricacies of their morphology and composition dictate every element of their optical response. In this work, we examine Au and Pt-decorated Au nanorods on a single-particle level to ascertain how Pt influences the plasmon resonance of the bimetallic nanostructure. We correlated scattering, photoluminescence, and pure absorption of individual nanostructures separately to expose the impact of Pt on each component. We found that the scattering and absorption spectra of uncoated Au nanorods followed expected trends in peak intensity and shape and were accurately reproduced by finite difference time domain simulations. In contrast, the scattering and absorption spectra of single Pt-decorated Au nanorods exhibited red-shifted, broad features and large deviations in line shape from particle to particle. Simulations using an idealized geometry confirmed that Pt damps the plasmon resonance of individual Au nanorods and that spectral changes after Pt deposition were a consequence of coupling between Au and Pt in the hybrid nanostructure. Simulations also revealed that the Au nanorod acts as an antenna and enhances absorption in the Pt islands. Furthermore, comparing photoluminescence spectra from Au and Pt-decorated Au nanorods illustrated that emission was significantly reduced in the presence of Pt. The reduction in photoluminescence intensity indicates that Pt lowers the number of hot carriers in the Au nanorod available for radiative recombination through either direct production of hot carriers in Pt following enhanced absorption or charge transfer from Au to Pt. Overall, these results confirm that the Pt island morphology and distribution on the nanorod surface contribute to the optical response of individual hybrid nanostructures and that the damping observed in ensemble measurements originates not only from structural heterogeneity but also because of significant damping in single nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nathan Diemler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Patrick J Straney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | | | | | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu J, Lerotic M, Collins S, Leary R, Saghi Z, Midgley P, Berejnov S, Susac D, Stumper J, Singh G, Hitchcock AP. Optimization of Three-Dimensional (3D) Chemical Imaging by Soft X-Ray Spectro-Tomography Using a Compressed Sensing Algorithm. Microsc Microanal 2017; 23:951-966. [PMID: 28893337 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927617012466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft X-ray spectro-tomography provides three-dimensional (3D) chemical mapping based on natural X-ray absorption properties. Since radiation damage is intrinsic to X-ray absorption, it is important to find ways to maximize signal within a given dose. For tomography, using the smallest number of tilt series images that gives a faithful reconstruction is one such method. Compressed sensing (CS) methods have relatively recently been applied to tomographic reconstruction algorithms, providing faithful 3D reconstructions with a much smaller number of projection images than when conventional reconstruction methods are used. Here, CS is applied in the context of scanning transmission X-ray microscopy tomography. Reconstructions by weighted back-projection, the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique, and CS are compared. The effects of varying tilt angle increment and angular range for the tomographic reconstructions are examined. Optimization of the regularization parameter in the CS reconstruction is explored and discussed. The comparisons show that CS can provide improved reconstruction fidelity relative to weighted back-projection and simultaneous iterative reconstruction techniques, with increasingly pronounced advantages as the angular sampling is reduced. In particular, missing wedge artifacts are significantly reduced and there is enhanced recovery of sharp edges. Examples of using CS for low-dose scanning transmission X-ray microscopy spectroscopic tomography are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | | | - Sean Collins
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, UK
| | - Rowan Leary
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, UK
| | - Zineb Saghi
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, UK
| | - Paul Midgley
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, UK
| | - Slava Berejnov
- Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation (AFCC) Corporation, Burnaby, BC V5J 5J8, Canada
| | - Darija Susac
- Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation (AFCC) Corporation, Burnaby, BC V5J 5J8, Canada
| | - Juergen Stumper
- Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation (AFCC) Corporation, Burnaby, BC V5J 5J8, Canada
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim N-7491, Norway
| | - Adam P Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Collins SM, Midgley PA. Progress and opportunities in EELS and EDS tomography. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 180:133-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Abstract
The shape anisotropy of nanoparticle building blocks is of critical importance in determining their packing symmetry and assembly directionality. While there has been extensive research on the effect of their overall geometric shapes, the importance of nanometer morphology details is not well-recognized or understood. Here we draw on shape-anisotropic gold triangular nanoprism building blocks synthesized based on a method we recently developed; besides the "large-scale" triangular prism shape (79.8 nm in side length and 22.0 nm in thickness), the prisms are beveled with their sides convexly enclosed by two flat {100} facets. We engineer the balance between electrostatic repulsion and entropically driven depletion attraction in the system to generate self-assemblies without or with the effect of the nanoscale beveling detail. A conventional, planar honeycomb (p-honeycomb) lattice forms with the triangular basal planes packed on the same plane at low depletion attraction, whereas an unexpected interlocking honeycomb (i-honeycomb) lattice and its "supracrystal" forms are assembled with additional close-paralleling of side facets at high depletion attraction. The i-honeycomb lattice renders all the metallic surfaces in close proximity and leads to a surface-enhanced Raman scattering signal nearly 5-fold higher than that in the p-honeycomb lattice and high sensitivity for detecting the model molecule Rhodamine 6G at a concentration as low as 10-8 M. Our study can guide future work in both nanoparticle synthesis and self-assembly; nanoscale geometrical features in anisotropic nanoparticles can be used as an important handle to control directional interactions for nonconventional ordered assemblies and to enrich diversity in self-assembly structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fei Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center for Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Nicole F Ice
- Wheeler High School , Marietta, Georgia 30068, United States
| | - Qipeng Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center for Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center for Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Agrawal A, Singh A, Yazdi S, Singh A, Ong GK, Bustillo K, Johns RW, Ringe E, Milliron DJ. Resonant Coupling between Molecular Vibrations and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of Faceted Metal Oxide Nanocrystals. Nano Lett 2017; 17:2611-2620. [PMID: 28337921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Doped metal oxides are plasmonic materials that boast both synthetic and postsynthetic spectral tunability. They have already enabled promising smart window and optoelectronic technologies and have been proposed for use in surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRA) and sensing applications. Herein, we report the first step toward realization of the former utilizing cubic F and Sn codoped In2O3 nanocrystals (NCs) to couple to the C-H vibration of surface-bound oleate ligands. Electron energy loss spectroscopy is used to map the strong near-field enhancement around these NCs that enables localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) coupling between adjacent nanocrystals and LSPR-molecular vibration coupling. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements and finite element simulations are applied to observe and explain the nature of the coupling phenomena, specifically addressing coupling in mesoscale assembled films. The Fano line shape signatures of LSPR-coupled molecular vibrations are rationalized with two-port temporal coupled mode theory. With this combined theoretical and experimental approach, we describe the influence of coupling strength and relative detuning between the molecular vibration and LSPR on the enhancement factor and further explain the basis of the observed Fano line shape by deconvoluting the combined response of the LSPR and molecular vibration in transmission, absorption and reflection. This study therefore illustrates various factors involved in determining the LSPR-LSPR and LSPR-molecular vibration coupling for metal oxide materials and provides a fundamental basis for the design of sensing or SEIRA substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Agrawal
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ajay Singh
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- The Molecular Foundry and National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sadegh Yazdi
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Amita Singh
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Gary K Ong
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Karen Bustillo
- The Molecular Foundry and National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert W Johns
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Delia J Milliron
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Electron microscopy (EM) is arguably the single most powerful method of characterizing heterogeneous catalysts. Irrespective of whether they are bulk and multiphasic, or monophasic and monocrystalline, or nanocluster and even single-atom and on a support, their structures in atomic detail can be visualized in two or three dimensions, thanks to high-resolution instruments, with sub-Ångstrom spatial resolutions. Their topography, tomography, phase-purity, composition, as well as the bonding, and valence-states of their constituent atoms and ions and, in favourable circumstances, the short-range and long-range atomic order and dynamics of the catalytically active sites, can all be retrieved by the panoply of variants of modern EM. The latter embrace electron crystallography, rotation and precession electron diffraction, X-ray emission and high-resolution electron energy-loss spectra (EELS). Aberration-corrected (AC) transmission (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) have led to a revolution in structure determination. Environmental EM is already playing an increasing role in catalyst characterization, and new advances, involving special cells for the study of solid catalysts in contact with liquid reactants, have recently been deployed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS , UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim J, Jones MR, Ou Z, Chen Q. In Situ Electron Microscopy Imaging and Quantitative Structural Modulation of Nanoparticle Superlattices. ACS Nano 2016; 10:9801-9808. [PMID: 27723304 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We use liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) to characterize the structure and dynamics of a solution-phase superlattice assembled from gold nanoprisms at the single particle level. The lamellar structure of the superlattice, determined by a balance of interprism interactions, is maintained and resolved under low-dose imaging conditions typically reserved for biomolecular imaging. In this dose range, we capture dynamic structural changes in the superlattice in real time, where contraction and smaller steady-state lattice constants are observed at higher electron dose rates. Quantitative analysis of the contraction mechanism based on a combination of direct LP-TEM imaging, ensemble small-angle X-ray scattering, and theoretical modeling allows us to elucidate: (1) the superlattice contraction in LP-TEM results from the screening of electrostatic repulsion due to as much as a 6-fold increase in the effective ionic strength in the solution upon electron beam illumination; and (2) the lattice constant serves as a means to understand the mechanism of the in situ interaction modulation and precisely calibrate electron dose rates with the effective ionic strength of the system. These results demonstrate that low-dose LP-TEM is a powerful tool for obtaining structural and kinetic properties of nanoassemblies in liquid conditions that closely resemble real experiments. We anticipate that this technique will be especially advantageous for those structures with heterogeneity or disorder that cannot be easily probed by ensemble methods and will provide important insight that will aid in the rational design of sophisticated reconfigurable nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The internal structure of hollow AgAu nanorods created by partial galvanic replacement was manipulated reversibly, and its effect on optical properties was mapped with nanometer resolution. Using the electron beam in a scanning transmission electron microscope to create solvated electrons and reactive radicals in an encapsulated solution-filled cavity in the nanorods, Ag ions were reduced nearby the electron beam, reshaping the core of the nanoparticles without affecting the external shape. The changes in plasmon-induced near-field properties were then mapped with electron energy-loss spectroscopy without disturbing the internal structure, and the results are supported by finite-difference time-domain calculations. This reversible shape and near-field control in a hollow nanoparticle actuated by an external stimulus introduces possibilities for applications in reprogrammable sensors, responsive materials, and optical memory units. Moreover, the liquid-filled nanorod cavity offers new opportunities for in situ microscopy of chemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Yazdi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Josée R Daniel
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Department of Chemistry, Laval University , Ville de Québec, Québec, Canada , G1 V 0A6
| | - Nicolas Large
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Denis Boudreau
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Department of Chemistry, Laval University , Ville de Québec, Québec, Canada , G1 V 0A6
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Swearer DF, Zhao H, Zhou L, Zhang C, Robatjazi H, Martirez JM, Krauter CM, Yazdi S, McClain MJ, Ringe E, Carter EA, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Heterometallic antenna-reactor complexes for photocatalysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:8916-20. [PMID: 27444015 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1609769113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles with strong optically resonant properties behave as nanoscale optical antennas, and have recently shown extraordinary promise as light-driven catalysts. Traditionally, however, heterogeneous catalysis has relied upon weakly light-absorbing metals such as Pd, Pt, Ru, or Rh to lower the activation energy for chemical reactions. Here we show that coupling a plasmonic nanoantenna directly to catalytic nanoparticles enables the light-induced generation of hot carriers within the catalyst nanoparticles, transforming the entire complex into an efficient light-controlled reactive catalyst. In Pd-decorated Al nanocrystals, photocatalytic hydrogen desorption closely follows the antenna-induced local absorption cross-section of the Pd islands, and a supralinear power dependence strongly suggests that hot-carrier-induced desorption occurs at the Pd island surface. When acetylene is present along with hydrogen, the selectivity for photocatalytic ethylene production relative to ethane is strongly enhanced, approaching 40:1. These observations indicate that antenna-reactor complexes may greatly expand possibilities for developing designer photocatalytic substrates.
Collapse
|