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Snels L, Mostofi Sarkari N, Soete J, Maes A, Antonini C, Wevers M, Maitra T, Seveno D. Internal and interfacial microstructure characterization of ice droplets on surfaces by X-ray computed tomography. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:500-512. [PMID: 36724664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Characterizing the microstructure of an ice/surface interface and its effect on the icephobic behavior of surfaces remains a significant challenge. Introducing X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) can provide unprecedented insights into the internal (porosity) and interfacial structures, i.e. wetting regime, between (super)hydrophobic surfaces and ice by visualizing these optically inaccessible regions. EXPERIMENTS Frozen droplets with controlled volume were deposited on top of metallic and polymeric substrates with different levels of wettability. Different modes of XCT (3D and 4D) were utilized to obtain information on the internal and interfacial structure of the ice/surface system. The results were supplemented by conventional surface analysis techniques, including optical profilometry and contact angle measurements. FINDINGS Using XCT on ice/surface systems, the 3D and 4D (imaging with temporal resolution) structural information can be visualized. From these datasets, qualitative and quantitative results were obtained, not only for characterizing the interface but also for analyzing the entire droplet/surface system, e.g., measurement of porosity size, shape, and location. These results highlight the potential of XCT in the characterization of both droplets and substrates and proves that the technique can aid to develop hydrophobic surfaces for use as icephobic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Snels
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Jeroen Soete
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Arne Maes
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Biomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Pole of Morphology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Carlo Antonini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milan, Italy.
| | - Martine Wevers
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tanmoy Maitra
- FT Technologies UK, Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey TW16 7DX, UK.
| | - David Seveno
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Ivvala J, Arora HS, Grewal HS. Towards Development of Sustainable Metallic Superhydrophobic Materials. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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3
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Afonso E, Martínez-gómez A, Tiemblo P, García N. Exploring chemical and structural features to tailor wetting properties of PVDF and PVDF/PMMA surfaces. POLYMER 2022; 262:125441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Emelyanenko KA, Emelyanenko AM, Boinovich LB. Review of the State of the Art in Studying Adhesion Phenomena at Interfaces of Solids with Solid and Liquid Aqueous Media. Colloid J 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x22030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Haj Ibrahim S, Wejrzanowski T, Przybyszewski B, Kozera R, García-Casas X, Barranco A. Role of Surface Topography in the Superhydrophobic Effect-Experimental and Numerical Studies. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:3112. [PMID: 35591445 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Within these studies, the effect of surface topography for hydrophobic coatings was studied both numerically and experimentally. Chemically modified polyurethane coating was patterned by application of a laser beam. A set of patterns with variously distant linear peaks and grooves was obtained. The cross section of the pattern showed that the edges of the peaks and grooves were not sharp, instead forming a rounded, rectangle-like shape. For such surfaces, experimental studies were performed, and in particular the static contact angle (SCA), contact angle hysteresis (CAH), and roll-off angle (ROA) were measured. Profilometry was used to create a numerical representation of the surface. Finite volume method was then applied to simulate the behavior of the water droplets. The model developed herewith enabled us to reproduce the experimental results with good accuracy. Based on the verified model, the calculation was extended to study the behavior of the water droplet on the simulated patterns, both spiked and rectangular. These two cases, despite a similar SCA of the water droplet, have shown extremely different ROA. Thus, more detailed studies were dedicated to other geometrical features of such topography, such as the size and distance of the surface elements. Based on the results obtained herewith, the future design of superhydrophobic and/or icephobic topography is discussed.
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Regulagadda K, Gerber J, Schutzius TM, Poulikakos D. Microscale investigation on interfacial slippage and detachment of ice from soft materials. Mater Horiz 2022; 9:1222-1231. [PMID: 35179537 PMCID: PMC8978807 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01993g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface icing is detrimental to applications ranging from transportation to biological systems. Soft elastomeric coatings can engender remarkably low ice adhesion strength, but mechanisms at the microscale and resulting ice extraction outcomes need to be understood. Here we investigate dynamic ice-elastomer interfacial events and show that the ice adhesion strength can actually vary by orders of magnitude due to the shear velocity. We study the detailed deformation fields of the elastomer using confocal traction force microscopy and elucidate the underlying mechanism. The elastomer initially undergoes elastic deformation having a shear velocity dependent threshold, followed by partial relaxation at the onset of slip, where velocity dependent "stick-slip" micropulsations are observed. The results of the work provide important information for the design of soft surfaces with respect to removal of ice, and utility to fields exemplified by adhesion, contact mechanics, and biofouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Regulagadda
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Gerber
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas M Schutzius
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland.
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland.
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7
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Abstract
Ice formation and accumulation have detrimental effects on commercial surfaces and people's lives. The ice adhesion strength decreases with increasing surface hydrophobicity, and the superhydrophobicity of a surface can be constructed by a combination of low surface free energy and high surface roughness. Conversely, the characteristics of biological surfaces have aroused wide attention as a result of the superhydrophobicity of plants and animals, deriving from the synergistic effects of chemical compositions and multi-scale hierarchical structures. Therefore, inspired by bio-mimetic studies on biological surfaces, a lot of artificial bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces have been broadly designed and constructed. Herein, we aim to summarize the fundamental theories of surface wettability and recent progress in the fabrication of bio-inspired surfaces. The bio-inspired surfaces prepared by different facile methods not only have superhydrophobicity, but also have anti-icing/icephobic properties. In the end, some challenges and problems in the future study and advancement of bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Gao
- Institute of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, Dalian, China.
| | - Yiming Jian
- Institute of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 116026, Dalian, China.
| | - Yuying Yan
- Fluids & Thermal Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Wu X, Shen Y, Zheng S, Hu ZT, Chen Z. Clarifying the Correlation of Ice Adhesion Strength with Water Wettability and Surface Characteristics. Langmuir 2020; 36:12190-12201. [PMID: 32988203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although icephobic surfaces have been extensively investigated in the past decades, a controversy remains on the relationship between water repellency and ice repellency. Little insight has been truly obtained on the dependence of ice adhesion on the surface/interface characteristics because of the limited range of these characteristics that have been investigated in the past. In this study, we prepared 37 coatings with a wide range of surface characteristics. The measured ice adhesion strength was discussed in correlation with water wettability and surface topological parameters. It was verified that parameters related to water wettability, such as water contact angle, contact angle hysteresis, and an index of work of adhesion with water, (1 + cos θrec), do not have a simple correlation with ice adhesion strength. Thus, they should not be used as a design parameter for low icephobic surfaces. The current study points out that the study of surface texture should be carried out in conjunction with surface chemistry/energy consideration. Without control of the surface chemistry, the correlation between surface texture parameters will lead to inconsistent conclusions because of the uncertainty of the contact mode. Our investigation indicates that low ice adhesion strength (<50 kPa) is attainable with a smooth surface (root-mean-squared roughness < 50 nm) when a low surface energy (<15 mJ/m2) is maintained. This finding opens a new paradigm for the design of icephobic coatings away from the conventional practices of using superhydrophobic and oil-infused surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yizhou Shen
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Shunli Zheng
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Ting Hu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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9
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Emelyanenko KA, Emelyanenko AM, Boinovich LB. Water and Ice Adhesion to Solid Surfaces: Common and Specific, the Impact of Temperature and Surface Wettability. Coatings 2020; 10:648. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ice adhesion plays a crucial role in the performance of materials under outdoor conditions, where the mitigation of snow and ice accumulation or spontaneous shedding of solid water precipitations are highly desirable. In this brief review we compare the adhesion of water and ice to different surfaces and consider the mechanisms of ice adhesion to solids basing on the surface forces analysis. The role of a premelted or quasi-liquid layer (QLL) in the ice adhesion is discussed with the emphasis on superhydrophobic surfaces, and the temperature dependence of ice adhesion strength is considered with an account of QLL. We also very briefly mention some recent methods for the measurement of ice adhesion strength to the icephobic engineering materials outlining the problems which remain to be experimentally solved.
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10
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Rivero PJ, Rodriguez RJ, Larumbe S, Monteserín M, Martín F, García A, Acosta C, Clemente MJ, García P, Mora J, Agüero A. Evaluation of Functionalized Coatings for the Prevention of Ice Accretion by Using Icing Wind Tunnel Tests. Coatings 2020; 10:636. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10070636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ice accretion presents serious safety issues, as airplanes are exposed to supercooled water droplets both on the ground and while flying through clouds in the troposphere. Prevention of icing is a main concern for both developers and users of aircraft. The successful solution of this problem implies the combination of active and passive methods and the use of advanced sensors for early detection of icing and monitoring of ice accretion and de-icing processes. This paper focuses on the development of passive solutions. These include advanced anti-icing coatings deposited by a variety of chemical methods including sol-gel, advanced paints based on polyester combined with fluorinated derivatives and applied by electrostatic spray deposition and conventional silicone-based paints modified by adding alumina nanoparticles. Water contact angle has been measured in all cases, demonstrating the hydrophobic character of the coatings. An ice accretion test has been carried out in a laboratory scale icing wind tunnel (IWT) located in a cold climate chamber. Three different studies have been undertaken: ice accretion measurement, durability of the anti-icing behavior after several icing/de-icing cycles and ice adhesion testing by means of the double lap shear test (DLST) methodology. All the studied coatings have shown significant anti-icing behavior which has been maintained, in some cases, beyond 25 cycles. Although these results are still far from any possible application for aeronautic components, they provide interesting insights for new developments and validate the laboratory scale tests.
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11
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Coady MJ, Getangama NNK, Khalili A, Wood M, Nielsen KE, Bruyn JR, Hutter JL, Klassen RJ, Kietzig A, Ragogna PJ. Highly cross‐linked UV‐cured siloxane copolymer networks as icephobic coatings. Journal of Polymer Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Coady
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | | | - Aria Khalili
- Department of Mechanical & Materials EngineeringWestern University London Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Wood
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMcGill University Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Kent E. Nielsen
- Product Innovation Lab3M Canada Company London Ontario Canada
| | - John R. Bruyn
- Department of PhysicsThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - Jeffrey L. Hutter
- Department of PhysicsThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - Robert J. Klassen
- Department of Mechanical & Materials EngineeringWestern University London Ontario Canada
| | - Anne‐Marie Kietzig
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMcGill University Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Paul J. Ragogna
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
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Abstract
Ice accumulation and adhesion can problematically occur on many engineering systems, such as electrical power networks, wind turbines, communication towers, and aircraft. An optional solution to these icing problems is the use of surfaces/coatings with low ice adhesion properties: Icephobic surfaces. Icephobic surfaces/coatings are very beneficial, as they facilitate the removal of ice or retard its formation and do not require the use of any sort of energy. A compact icing research tunnel (CIRT) was employed to measure ice tensile adhesion strength for both impact and static ice on a conventional metal surface (aluminum) and on a Self-Lubricating Icephobic Coating (SLIC) surface. The static ice consisted of deionized water slowly poured over the surface and left to be frozen on the test specimen surface at stationary conditions, while impact ice consisted of droplets of mean volumetric diameter (MVD) of 13 μm impacting the test specimen surface at a velocity of 40 m/s and freezing and accreting dynamically. The results revealed that static ice has an ice tensile adhesion stress higher than that of impact ice for the conditions used, consistent with previous studies. Additionally, a reduction of more than half was observed in ice tensile adhesion stress for SLIC compared to aluminum for both impact and static ice, and this performance stayed consistent even after multiple icing tests on the same sample. The SLIC coating hydrophobicity (roll-off angle and contact angle) also demonstrated resilience to icing and mechanical abrasion, confirming the self-healing properties.
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13
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Emelyanenko AM, Boinovich LB, Bezdomnikov AA, Chulkova EV, Emelyanenko KA. Reinforced Superhydrophobic Coating on Silicone Rubber for Longstanding Anti-Icing Performance in Severe Conditions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:24210-24219. [PMID: 28657289 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple method for fabricating the superhydrophobic coatings on composite silicone rubber used for electrical outdoor applications. The coating is characterized by contact angles as high as 170° and is mechanically durable in contact with the aqueous phase. We discuss the impact of mechanical durability of the surface texture on the anti-icing performance of the coating on the basis of the experimental data on freezing delay of sessile aqueous droplets. A set of complementary data obtained in laboratory and outdoor experiments on freezing delay time, variation of wettability and practical work of adhesion for supercooled aqueous sessile droplets, impacting behavior of droplets at low negative temperatures, as well as the results of snow and ice accumulation in outdoor experiments indicate the very prospective icephobic properties of the developed coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre M Emelyanenko
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry , Leninsky prospect 31 bld. 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila B Boinovich
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry , Leninsky prospect 31 bld. 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Bezdomnikov
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry , Leninsky prospect 31 bld. 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V Chulkova
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry , Leninsky prospect 31 bld. 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill A Emelyanenko
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry , Leninsky prospect 31 bld. 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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Milionis A, Antonini C, Jung S, Nelson A, Schutzius TM, Poulikakos D. Contactless Transport and Mixing of Liquids on Self-Sustained Sublimating Coatings. Langmuir 2017; 33:1799-1809. [PMID: 28151671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlled handling of liquids and colloidal suspensions as they interact with surfaces, targeting a broad palette of related functionalities, is of great importance in science, technology, and nature. When small liquid volumes (drops on the order of microliters or nanoliters) need to be processed in microfluidic devices, contamination on the solid/liquid interface and loss of liquid due to adhesion on the transport channels are two very common problems that can significantly alter the process outcome, for example, the chemical reaction efficiency or the purity and the final concentration of a suspension. It is, therefore, no surprise that both levitation and minimal contact transport methods-including nonwetting surfaces-have been developed to minimize the interactions between liquids and surfaces. Here, we demonstrate contactless surface levitation and transport of liquid drops, realized by harnessing and sustaining the natural sublimation of a solid-carbon-dioxide-coated substrate to generate a continuous supporting vapor layer. The capability and limitations of this technique in handling liquids of extreme surface tension and kinematic viscosity values are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The sublimating coating is capable of repelling many viscous and low-surface-tension liquids, colloidal suspensions, and non-Newtonian fluids as well, displaying outstanding omniphobic properties. Finally, we demonstrate how sublimation can be used for liquid transport, mixing, and drop coalescence, with a sublimating layer coated on an underlying substrate with prefabricated channels, conferring omniphobicity using a simple physical approach (i.e., phase change) rather than a chemical one. The independence of the surface levitation principle from material properties, such as electromagnetic, thermal or optical, surface energy, adhesion, or mechanical properties, renders this method attractive for a wide range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Milionis
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Institute of Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Antonini
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Institute of Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Functional Cellulose Materials, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Jung
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Institute of Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anders Nelson
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Institute of Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Schutzius
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Institute of Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Institute of Energy Technology, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Yeong YH, Wang C, Wynne KJ, Gupta MC. Oil-Infused Superhydrophobic Silicone Material for Low Ice Adhesion with Long-Term Infusion Stability. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:32050-32059. [PMID: 27797475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A new approach for anti-icing materials was created to combat the effects of ice accretion and adhesion. The concept combines the strengths of individual characteristics for low ice adhesion based on elasticity, superhydrophobicity, and slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) for an optimal combination of high water repellency and ice-phobicity. This was achieved by replicating microtextures from a laser-irradiated aluminum substrate to an oil-infused polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer, the result of which is a flexible, superhydrophobic, and lubricated material. This design provides multiple strategies of icing protection through high water repellency to retard ice accretion and with elasticity and oil infusion for low ice adhesion in a single material. Studies showed that an infusion of silicone oils with viscosity at 100 cSt and below 8 wt % in PDMS solution is sufficient to reduce the ice shear strength to an average of 38 kPa while maintaining contact angles and roll-off angles of above 150° and below 10°, respectively. This ice-adhesion value is a ∼95% reduction from a bare aluminum surface and ∼30% reduction from a microtextured, superhydrophobic PDMS material without oil infusion. In addition, three-month aging studies showed that the wetting and ice-adhesion performance of this material did not significantly degrade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han Yeong
- Charles. L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Kenneth J Wynne
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Mool C Gupta
- Charles. L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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16
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Abstract
Superhydrophobic (SH) coatings have been shown to reduce freezing and ice nucleation rates, by means of low surface energy chemistry tailored with nano/micro roughness. Durability enhancement of SH surfaces is a crucial issue. Consequently, the present research on reducing ice adhesion is based on radiation-induced radical reaction for covalently bonding SiO2 nanoparticles to polymer coatings to obtain durable roughness. Results indicated that the proposed approach resulted in SH surfaces having high contact angles (>155°) and low sliding angles (<5°) with improved durability and transparency. In a subsequent stage, the synthesized SH coating was investigated for its icephobic characteristics using a variety of substrates. Results indicated that supercooled water drops bounced back when impinging on SH polycarbonate substrate and froze on SH copper substrate held at -10 to -30 °C and were easily peeled off when coated by ice formed during exposure to air/supercooled water drops at -20 °C. The ice shear adhesion investigation (at -20 °C) demonstrated reduction of shear adhesion to a variety of SH treated substrates having low thermal expansion coefficient (copper and aluminum) and high thermal expansion coefficient (polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate)). It was concluded that the thermal mismatch between the adhering ice and the various substrates and its resultant interfacial thermal stresses affect the adhesion strength of the ice to the respective substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cohen
- Department of Polymers and Plastics Engineering, The Pernick Faculty of Engineering, Shenkar College , 12 Anna Frank Street, Ramat Gan 52526, Israel
| | - A Dotan
- Department of Polymers and Plastics Engineering, The Pernick Faculty of Engineering, Shenkar College , 12 Anna Frank Street, Ramat Gan 52526, Israel
| | - H Dodiuk
- Department of Polymers and Plastics Engineering, The Pernick Faculty of Engineering, Shenkar College , 12 Anna Frank Street, Ramat Gan 52526, Israel
| | - S Kenig
- Department of Polymers and Plastics Engineering, The Pernick Faculty of Engineering, Shenkar College , 12 Anna Frank Street, Ramat Gan 52526, Israel
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17
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Ganne A, Lebed VO, Gavrilov AI. Combined wet chemical etching and anodic oxidation for obtaining the superhydrophobic meshes with anti-icing performance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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