1
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Liu T, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhang S, Ma Y, Lai K, Li J, Ci L. PVDF-HFP via Localized Iodization as Interface Layer for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries with Li 6PS 5Cl Films. Small 2024; 20:e2307260. [PMID: 38054761 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
All-solid lithium (Li) metal batteries (ASSLBs) with sulfide-based solid electrolyte (SEs) films exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, rendering them capable of satisfying the growing demand for energy storage systems. However, challenges persist in the application of SEs film owing to their reactivity with Li metal and uncontrolled formation of lithium dendrites. In this study, iodine-doped poly(vinylidenefluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) as an interlayer (PHI) to establish a stable interphase between Li metal and Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl) films is investigated. The release of I ions and PVDF-HFP produces LiI and LiF, effectively suppressing lithium dendrite growth. Density functional theory calculations show that the synthesized interlayer layer exhibits high interfacial energy. Results show that the PHI@Li/LPSCl film/PHI@Li symmetrical cells can cycle for more than 650 h at 0.1 mA cm-2. The PHI@Li/LPSCl film/NCM622 cell exhibits a distinct enhancement in capacity retention of ≈26% when using LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NCM622) as the cathode, compared to pristine Li metal as the anode. This study presents a feasible method for producing next-generation dendrite-free SEs films, promoting their practical use in ASSLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Changji University, Changji, 831100, China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Office of Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 10439, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Yunfei Ma
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Changji University, Changji, 831100, China
| | - Kangrong Lai
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Changji University, Changji, 831100, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-performance Carbon-Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Lijie Ci
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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2
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Yao Z, Zhang J, Yang D, Zhang D, Yang B, Liang F. Achieving Dendrite-Free Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries via In Situ Construction of Li 3P/LiCl Interfacial Layers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:869-877. [PMID: 38146177 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid solid electrolyte (HSE) exhibits potential as a solid electrolyte due to its satisfactory Li+ conductivity, superior flexibility, and optimal interface compatibility. However, the inadequate wettability of the Li/HSE interface leads to significant contact impedance, thus fostering the formation of Li dendrites and limiting their practical applicability. Here, a straightforward strategy to enhance the interfacial wettability between Li and HSE and promote the uniform migration of Li+ by in situ construction of a multifunctional interface consisting of Li3P/LiCl (PCl@Li) was created. The Li3P component acts as a Li+ channel, banishing Li+ diffusion obstacles within the interface layer, while the electronically insulating LiCl component acts as an electron-blocking shield at the Li/HSE interface, promoting uniform Li+ deposition and preventing the formation of Li dendrites. The interface impedance of the symmetric PCl@Li|HSE|PCl@Li battery decreases markedly from 230.2 to 47.4 Ω cm-2. Additionally, the battery demonstrates superb cycling stability for over 1300 h at 0.1 mA cm-2 and maintains a minimal overpotential of 32 mV at 30 °C. The PCl@Li|HSE|LiFePO4 battery shows an initial discharge-specific capacity of 135.6 mA h g-1 at 1 C, with a notable capacity retention of 87.0% (118.0 mA h g-1) after 500 cycles. This work provides a new facile strategy for all-solid-state batteries to address interface issues between Li electrodes and HSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyin Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Jiaqing Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Dongrong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Da Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Bin Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Feng Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
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3
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Marana N, Casassa S, Sgroi MF, Maschio L, Silveri F, D’Amore M, Ferrari AM. Stability and Formation of the Li 3PS 4/Li, Li 3PS 4/Li 2S, and Li 2S/Li Interfaces: A Theoretical Study. Langmuir 2023; 39:18797-18806. [PMID: 38079509 PMCID: PMC10753886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Solid electrolytes have shown superior behavior and many advantages over liquid electrolytes, including simplicity in battery design. However, some chemical and structural instability problems arise when solid electrolytes form a direct interface with the negative Li-metal electrode. In particular, it was recognized that the interface between the β-Li3PS4 crystal and lithium anode is quite unstable and tends to promote structural defects that inhibit the correct functioning of the device. As a possible way out of this problem, we propose a material, Li2S, as a passivating coating for the Li/β-Li3PS4 interface. We investigated the mutual affinity between Li/Li2S and Li2S/β-Li3PS4 interfaces by DFT methods and investigated the structural stability through the adhesion energy and mechanical stress. Furthermore, a topological analysis of the electron density identified preferential paths for the migration of Li ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara
Leticia Marana
- Theoretical
Group of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Torino University, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Casassa
- Theoretical
Group of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Torino University, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Francesco Sgroi
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
- Istituto
Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, 10135 Torino, Italy
- CNR-Nano
and CNR-ITAE - National Research Council, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maschio
- Theoretical
Group of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Torino University, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Silveri
- Gemmate
Technologies s.r.l., Buttigliera
Alta, Torino, 10090 Italy
| | - Maddalena D’Amore
- Theoretical
Group of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Torino University, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ferrari
- Theoretical
Group of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Torino University, 10124 Torino, Italy
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4
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Li M, An H, Song Y, Liu Q, Wang J, Huo H, Lou S, Wang J. Ion-Dipole-Interaction-Induced Encapsulation of Free Residual Solvent for Long-Cycle Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25632-25642. [PMID: 37943571 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Owing to high ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) electrolytes have attracted increasing attention for solid-state lithium batteries, but highly reactive residual solvents severely plague cycling stability. Herein, we report a free-solvent-capturing strategy triggered by reinforced ion-dipole interactions between Li+ and residual solvent molecules. Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) salt additive with electron-withdrawing capability serves as a redistributor of the Li+ electropositive state, which offers more binding sites for residual solvents. Benefiting from the modified coordination environment, the kinetically stable anion-derived interphases are preferentially formed, effectively mitigating the interfacial side reactions between the electrodes and electrolytes. As a result, the assembled solid-state battery shows a lifetime of over 2000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.9% and capacity retention of 80%. Our discovery sheds fresh light on the targeted regulation of the reactive residual solvent to extend the cycle life of solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Hanwen An
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Yajie Song
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Hua Huo
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuaifeng Lou
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
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5
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Zhang CH, Jin T, Liu J, Ma J, Li NW, Yu L. In Situ Formed Gradient Composite Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes. Small 2023; 19:e2301523. [PMID: 37194981 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal anode (LMA) is highly considered as a desirable anode material for next-generation rechargeable batteries because of its high specific capacity and the lowest reduction potential. However, uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites, large volume change, and unstable interfaces between LMA and electrolyte hinder its practical application. Herein, a novel in situ formed artificial gradient composite solid electrolyte interphase (GCSEI) layer for highly stable LMAs is proposed. The inner rigid inorganics (Li2 S and LiF) with high Li+ ion affinity and high electron tunneling barrier are beneficial to achieve homogeneous Li plating, while the flexible polymers (poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)) on the surface of GCSEI layer can accommodate the volume change. Furthermore, the GCSEI layer demonstrates fast Li+ ion transport capability and increased Li+ ion diffusion kinetics. Accordingly, the modified LMA enables excellent cycling stability (over 1000 h at 3 mA cm-2 ) in the symmetric cell using carbonate electrolyte, and the corresponding Li-GCSEI||LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 full cell demonstrates 83.4% capacity retention after 500 cycles. This work offers a new strategy for the design of dendrite-free LMAs for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Hong Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Tong Jin
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiandong Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Nian Wu Li
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Le Yu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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6
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Liang H, Wang L, Wang A, Song Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, He X. Tailoring Practically Accessible Polymer/Inorganic Composite Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries: A Review. Nanomicro Lett 2023; 15:42. [PMID: 36719552 PMCID: PMC9889599 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Highlights The current issues and recent advances in polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes are reviewed. The molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment is highlighted for designing high-performance polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes. Inorganic filler properties that affect polymer/inorganic composite electrolyte performance are pointed out. Future research directions for polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes compatible with high-voltage lithium metal batteries are outlined. Abstract Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density. Among them, polymer solid-state electrolytes (PSEs) are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility, shape versatility and easy machinability. Despite the rapid development of PSEs, their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity, narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength. Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes (PIEs) formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes (ISEs), exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics. Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode, which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density. This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs. The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type, content, morphology, arrangement and surface groups. We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs. Finally, the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined. This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aiping Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Youzhi Song
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhou Wu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangming He
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Liu S, Liu W, Ba D, Zhao Y, Ye Y, Li Y, Liu J. Filler-Integrated Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium Batteries. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2110423. [PMID: 35949194 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) utilizing fillers as the promoting component bridge the gap between solid polymer electrolytes and inorganic solid electrolytes. The integration of fillers into the polymer matrices is demonstrated as a prevailing strategy to enhance Li-ion transport and assist in constructing Li+ -conducting electrode-electrolyte interface layer, which addresses the two key barriers of solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs): low ionic conductivity of electrolyte and high interfacial impedance. Recent review articles have largely focused on the performance of a broad spectrum of CPEs and the general effects of fillers on SSLBs device. Recognizing this, in this review, after briefly presenting the categories of fillers (traditional and emerged) and the promoted ionic conducting mechanisms in CPEs, the progress in the interfacial structure design principle, with the emphasis on the crucial influence of filler size, concentration, and hybridization strategies on filler-polymer interface that is the most critical to Li-ion transport is assessed. The latest exciting advances on filler-enabled in situ generation of a Li+ -conductive layer at the electrode-electrolyte interface to greatly reduce the interfacial impedance are further elaborated. Finally, this review discusses the challenges to be addressed, outlines research directions, and provides a future vision for developing advanced CPEs for high-performing SSLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuailei Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Deliang Ba
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Ye
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, and, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
- State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon & Environmental Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
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8
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Gong H, Wang H, Cao Y, Han X, Ma H, Li Y, Sun J. Inhibiting the Dissolution of Lithium Polyphosphides and Enhancing the Reaction Kinetics of a Phosphorus Anode via Screening Functional Additives. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11558-11563. [PMID: 36475852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A high-capacity, low-cost phosphorus anode is considered as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation Li-ion batteries. Nevertheless, the dissolution/shuttle effect of lithium polyphosphides and sluggish electrochemical conversion hinder the practical application of a phosphorus anode, similar to the problems of a sulfur cathode. Although the reported functional additives with physical obstruction and chemical adsorption have been successful in improving the performance of a sulfur cathode, they can not be directly applied to phosphorus due to their deterioration and failure in low voltage. To solve the above problems, we made a systematic investigation to rationally select the functional additives (Li2O, Li2S, and LiF) and effectively guide the experiment. These functional additives possess synergetic effects, including the adsorption of soluble lithium polyphosphides and the catalytic conversion of phosphorus species. The design of these functional additives provides a guiding and screening principle for inhibiting the dissolution of polyphosphides and improving the reaction kinetics of a phosphorus anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Huili Wang
- Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint Stock Co. Ltd., Lishen Res. Inst., Tianjin300384, Peoples R China
| | - Yu Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Xinpeng Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint Stock Co. Ltd., Lishen Res. Inst., Tianjin300384, Peoples R China
| | - Yuetao Li
- Tianjin Coslight Automotive Technology Co. Ltd., Tianjin301709, China
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, P. R. China
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9
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Cha GH, Jung SC. Cation-Assisted Lithium Ion Diffusion in a Lithium Oxythioborate Halide Glass Solid Electrolyte. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Zhang D, Liu Z, Wu Y, Ji S, Yuan Z, Liu J, Zhu M. In Situ Construction a Stable Protective Layer in Polymer Electrolyte for Ultralong Lifespan Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2104277. [PMID: 35191226 PMCID: PMC9036025 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SLMBs) are attracting enormous attention due to their enhanced safety and high theoretical energy density. However, the alkali lithium with high reducibility can react with the solid-state electrolytes resulting in the inferior cycle lifespan. Herein, inspired by the idea of interface design, the 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide as an initiator to generate an artificial protective layer in polymer electrolyte is selected. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal the stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is in situ formed between the electrolyte/Li interface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrate that the constructed SEI can promote homogeneous Li deposition. As a result, the Li/Li symmetrical cells enable stable cycle ultralong-term for over 4500 h. Moreover, the as-prepared LiFePO4 /Li SLMBs exhibit an impressive ultra-long cycle lifespan over 1300 cycles at 1 C, as well as 1600 cycles at 0.5 C with a capacity retention ratio over 80%. This work offers an effective strategy for the construction of the stable electrolyte/Li interface, paving the way for the rapid development of long lifespan SLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
| | - Zhengbo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
| | - Shaomin Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China
| | - Zhanxiang Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
| | - Min Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China
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11
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Li S, Wang XS, Han B, Lai C, Shi PR, Ma JB, Wang SW, Zhang LH, Liu Q, Deng YH, He YB, Yang QH. Ultrathin and High-Modulus LiBO 2 Layer Highly Elevates the Interfacial Dynamics and Stability of Lithium Anode under Wide Temperature Range. Small 2022; 18:e2106427. [PMID: 34889053 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) face huge challenges to achieve long cycling life at wide temperature range owing to the severe dendrite growth at subambient temperature and the intense side reactions with electrolyte at high temperature. Herein, an ultrathin LiBO2 layer with an extremely high Young's modulus of 8.0 GPa is constructed on Li anode via an in situ reaction between Li metal and 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxa-borolane (TDB) to form LiBO2 @Li anode, which presents two times higher exchange current density than pristine Li anode. The LiBO2 layer presents a strong absorption to Li ions and greatly improves the interfacial dynamics of Li-ion migration, which induces homogenous lithium nucleation and deposition to form a dense lithium layer. Consequently, the Li dendrite growth during cycling at subambient temperature and the side reactions with electrolyte at high temperature are simultaneously suppressed. The LiBO2 @Li/LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (NCM811) full batteries with limited Li capacity and high cathode mass loading of 9.9 mg cm-2 can steadily cycle for 300 cycles with a capacity retention of 86.6%. The LiBO2 @Li/NCM811 full batteries and LiBO2 @Li/LiBO2 @Li symmetric batteries also present excellent cycling performance at both -20 and 60 °C. This work develops a strategy to achieve outstanding performance of LMBs at wide working temperature-range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xian-Shu Wang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chen Lai
- Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Pei-Ran Shi
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jia-Bin Ma
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shu-Wei Wang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yong-Hong Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan-Bing He
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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12
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Cai Y, Li C, Zhao Z, Mu D, Wu B. Air stability and interfacial compatibility of sulfide solid electrolytes for solid state lithium batteries:Advances and perspectives. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Cai
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Chunli Li
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhikun Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Daobin Mu
- Beijing Institute of Technology a. Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian Distr 100081 Beijing CHINA
| | - Borong Wu
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
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13
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Hao X, Ma J, Cheng X, Zhong G, Yang JL, Huang L, Ling H, Lai C, Lv W, Kang F, Sun X, He YB. Electron and Ion Co-Conductive Catalyst Achieving Instant Transformation of Lithium Polysulfide towards Li 2 S. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2105362. [PMID: 34658075 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most of the catalysts in lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries present low electronic conductivity and the lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) must diffuse onto the surface of the carbon materials to achieve their conversion reaction. It is a significant challenge to achieve the instantaneous transformation of LiPSs to Li2 S in Li-S batteries to suppress the shuttle effect of LiPSs. Herein, a unique electron and ion co-conductive catalyst of carbon-coated Li1.4 Al0.4 Ti1.6 (PO4 )3 (C@LATP) is developed, which not only possesses strong adsorption to LiPSs, but, more importantly, also promotes the instantaneous conversion reaction of LiPSs to Li2 S. The C@LATP nanoparticles as catalytic active sites can synchronously and efficiently provide both Li ions and electrons to facilitate the conversion reaction of LiPSs. The conversion reaction path of LiPSs using C@LATP changes from traditional "adsorption-diffusion-conversion" to novel "adsorption-conversion," which effectively lowers the decomposition barrier of Li2 S6 and promotes faster conversion of LiPSs. The shuttle effect of LiPSs is considerably suppressed and utilization of sulfur is greatly improved. The Li-S batteries using C@LATP present excellent rate, cycling, and self-discharge properties. This work highlights the significance of electron and ion co-conductive solid-state electrolytes for the instantaneous transformation of LiPSs in advanced Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Hao
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, N6A3K7, Canada
| | - Jiabin Ma
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xing Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - GuiMing Zhong
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Lin Yang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Huajin Ling
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chen Lai
- Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, N6A3K7, Canada
| | - Yan-Bing He
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research (iMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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14
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Yang K, Chen L, Ma J, Lai C, Huang Y, Mi J, Biao J, Zhang D, Shi P, Xia H, Zhong G, Kang F, He Y. Stable Interface Chemistry and Multiple Ion Transport of Composite Electrolyte Contribute to Ultra‐long Cycling Solid‐State LiNi
0.8
Co
0.1
Mn
0.1
O
2
/Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Likun Chen
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Ma
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Chen Lai
- Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Yanfei Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Jinshuo Mi
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Jie Biao
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Peiran Shi
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Heyi Xia
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Guiming Zhong
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Bing He
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center Institute of Materials Research (IMR) Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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15
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Yang K, Chen L, Ma J, Lai C, Huang Y, Mi J, Biao J, Zhang D, Shi P, Xia H, Zhong G, Kang F, He YB. Stable Interface Chemistry and Multiple Ion Transport of Composite Electrolyte Contribute to Ultra-long Cycling Solid-State LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 /Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24668-24675. [PMID: 34498788 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Severe interfacial side reactions of polymer electrolyte with LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (NCM811) cathode and Li metal anode restrict the cycling performance of solid-state NCM811/Li batteries. Herein, we propose a chemically stable ceramic-polymer-anchored solvent composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 6.0×10-4 S cm-1 , which enables the solid-state NCM811/Li batteries to cycle 1500 times. The Li1.4 Al0.4 Ti1.6 (PO4 )3 nanowires (LNs) can tightly anchor the essential N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), greatly enhancing its electrochemical stability and suppressing the side reactions. We identify the ceramic-polymer-liquid multiple ion transport mechanism of the LNs-PVDF-DMF composite electrolyte by tracking the 6 Li and 7 Li substitution behavior via solid-state NMR. The stable interface chemistry and efficient ion transport of LNs-PVDF-DMF contribute to superior performances of the solid-state batteries at wide temperature range of -20-60 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Likun Chen
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Ma
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chen Lai
- Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yanfei Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jinshuo Mi
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jie Biao
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Peiran Shi
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Heyi Xia
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Guiming Zhong
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Bing He
- Shenzhen All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Center, Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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