1
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Jovanovic S, Jakes P, Merz S, Daniel DT, Eichel RA, Granwehr J. In operando NMR investigations of the aqueous electrolyte chemistry during electrolytic CO 2 reduction. Commun Chem 2023; 6:268. [PMID: 38057421 PMCID: PMC10700511 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrolytic reduction of CO2 in aqueous media promises a pathway for the utilization of the green house gas by converting it to base chemicals or building blocks thereof. However, the technology is currently not economically feasible, where one reason lies in insufficient reaction rates and selectivities. Current research of CO2 electrolysis is becoming aware of the importance of the local environment and reactions at the electrodes and their proximity, which can be only assessed under true catalytic conditions, i.e. by in operando techniques. In this work, multinuclear in operando NMR techniques were applied in order to investigate the evolution of the electrolyte chemistry during CO2 electrolysis. The CO2 electroreduction was performed in aqueous NaHCO3 or KHCO3 electrolytes at silver electrodes. Based on 13C and 23Na NMR studies at different magnetic fields, it was found that the dynamic equilibrium of the electrolyte salt in solution, existing as ion pairs and free ions, decelerates with increasingly negative potential. In turn, this equilibrium affects the resupply rate of CO2 to the electrolysis reaction from the electrolyte. Substantiated by relaxation measurements, a mechanism was proposed where stable ion pairs in solution catalyze the bicarbonate dehydration reaction, which may provide a new pathway for improving educt resupply during CO2 electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Jovanovic
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Willhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Peter Jakes
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Willhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Steffen Merz
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Willhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Davis Thomas Daniel
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Willhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger-A Eichel
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Willhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Josef Granwehr
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Willhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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2
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Xu C, Shi Y, Zou X, Xu H, Zeng L, Li Z, Huang Q. Elaborate tree-like Cu-Ag clusters from green electrodeposition for efficiently electrocatalyzing CO 2 conversion into syngas. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16018-16026. [PMID: 37850314 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02861e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) is one of the emerging technologies that can effectively transform carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable products. Electrocatalysts deriving from green synthesis methods will significantly help to establish a new green carbon cycle. Herein, a green electrodeposition method without additional reducing agents was used to synthesize Cu-Ag bimetallic catalysts, and it is shown that the combination of Cu and Ag obviously affects the morphology of the Cu-Ag catalysts, resulting in the formation of elaborate tree-like Cu-Ag clusters. An as-deposited Cu-Ag/carbon fiber (Cu-Ag/CF) catalyst exhibits high activity, selectivity and stability toward the CO2RR; in particular, the elaborate dendritic Cu-Ag/CF can efficiently reduce CO2 to syngas with high selectivity (Faradaic efficiency (FE) > 95%) at a low onset potential (-0.5 V). This work provides a rational strategy to overcome the significantly different reaction capacities during the reduction of Ag+ and Cu2+, leading to the formation of a controlled morphology of Cu-Ag, which is favourable for the design and development of highly efficient Cu or Ag catalysts via green methods for electrocatalyzing the CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Xu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Yuande Shi
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Province-Indonesia Marine Food Joint Research and Development Center, Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Xiaohuan Zou
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Hongyang Xu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Lingxing Zeng
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Zhongshui Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Province-Indonesia Marine Food Joint Research and Development Center, Fuqing 350300, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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3
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Wang Y, Dutta A, Iarchuk A, Sun C, Vesztergom S, Broekmann P. Boosting Nitrate to Ammonia Electroconversion through Hydrogen Gas Evolution over Cu-foam@mesh Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:8169-8182. [PMID: 37342835 PMCID: PMC10278070 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is often considered parasitic to numerous cathodic electro-transformations of high technological interest, including but not limited to metal plating (e.g., for semiconductor processing), the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), the dinitrogen → ammonia conversion (N2RR), and the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3-RR). Herein, we introduce a porous Cu foam material electrodeposited onto a mesh support through the dynamic hydrogen bubble template method as an efficient catalyst for electrochemical nitrate → ammonia conversion. To take advantage of the intrinsically high surface area of this spongy foam material, effective mass transport of the nitrate reactants from the bulk electrolyte solution into its three-dimensional porous structure is critical. At high reaction rates, NO3-RR becomes, however, readily mass transport limited because of the slow nitrate diffusion into the three-dimensional porous catalyst. Herein, we demonstrate that the gas-evolving HER can mitigate the depletion of reactants inside the 3D foam catalyst through opening an additional convective nitrate mass transport pathway provided the NO3-RR becomes already mass transport limited prior to the HER onset. This pathway is achieved through the formation and release of hydrogen bubbles facilitating electrolyte replenishment inside the foam during water/nitrate co-electrolysis. This HER-mediated transport effect "boosts" the effective limiting current of nitrate reduction, as evidenced by potentiostatic electrolyses combined with an operando video inspection of the Cu-foam@mesh catalysts under operating NO3-RR conditions. Depending on the solution pH and the nitrate concentration, NO3-RR partial current densities beyond 1 A cm-2 were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- State
Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, No.5 South Jinhua Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Iarchuk
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Changzhe Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Soma Vesztergom
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- MTA−ELTE
Momentum Interfacial Electrochemistry Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter
sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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4
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Wu H, Singh-Morgan A, Qi K, Zeng Z, Mougel V, Voiry D. Electrocatalyst Microenvironment Engineering for Enhanced Product Selectivity in Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen Reduction Reactions. ACS Catal 2023; 13:5375-5396. [PMID: 37123597 PMCID: PMC10127282 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon and nitrogen fixation strategies are regarded as alternative routes to produce valuable chemicals used as energy carriers and fertilizers that are traditionally obtained from unsustainable and energy-intensive coal gasification (CO and CH4), Fischer-Tropsch (C2H4), and Haber-Bosch (NH3) processes. Recently, the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) and N2 reduction reaction (NRR) have received tremendous attention, with the merits of being both efficient strategies to store renewable electricity while providing alternative preparation routes to fossil-fuel-driven reactions. To date, the development of the CO2RR and NRR processes is primarily hindered by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); however, the corresponding strategies for inhibiting this undesired side reaction are still quite limited. Considering such complex reactions involve three gas-liquid-solid phases and successive proton-coupled electron transfers, it appears meaningful to review the current strategies for improving product selectivity in light of their respective reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. By examining the developments and understanding in catalyst design, electrolyte engineering, and three-phase interface modulation, we discuss three key strategies for improving product selectivity for the CO2RR and NRR: (i) targeting molecularly defined active sites, (ii) increasing the local reactant concentration at the active sites, and (iii) stabilizing and confining product intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Wu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Amrita Singh-Morgan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Kun Qi
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Zhiyuan Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Damien Voiry
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
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5
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Hoffmann H, Paulisch-Rinke MC, Gernhard M, Jännsch Y, Timm J, Brandmeir C, Lechner S, Marschall R, Moos R, Manke I, Roth C. Multi-scale morphology characterization of hierarchically porous silver foam electrodes for electrochemical CO(2) reduction. Commun Chem 2023; 6:50. [PMID: 36928610 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ag catalysts show high selectivities in the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide during the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). Indeed, highly catalytically active porous electrodes with increased surface area achieve faradaic conversion efficiencies close to 100%. To establish reliable structure-property relationships, the results of qualitative structural analysis need to be complemented by a more quantitative approach to assess the overall picture. In this paper, we present a combination of suitable methods to characterize foam electrodes, which were synthesised by the Dynamic Hydrogen Bubble Templation (DHBT) approach to be used for the CO2RR. Physicochemical and microscopic techniques in conjunction with electrochemical analyses provide insight into the structure of the carefully tailored electrodes. By elucidating the morphology, we were able to link the electrochemical deposition at higher current densities to a more homogenous and dense structure and hence, achieve a better performance in the conversion of CO2 to valuable products.
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6
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Li G, Han G, Wang L, Cui X, Moehring NK, Kidambi PR, Jiang DE, Sun Y. Dual hydrogen production from electrocatalytic water reduction coupled with formaldehyde oxidation via a copper-silver electrocatalyst. Nat Commun 2023; 14:525. [PMID: 36720867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The broad employment of water electrolysis for hydrogen (H2) production is restricted by its large voltage requirement and low energy conversion efficiency because of the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report a strategy to replace OER with a thermodynamically more favorable reaction, the partial oxidation of formaldehyde to formate under alkaline conditions, using a Cu3Ag7 electrocatalyst. Such a strategy not only produces more valuable anodic product than O2 but also releases H2 at the anode with a small voltage input. Density functional theory studies indicate the H2C(OH)O intermediate from formaldehyde hydration can be better stabilized on Cu3Ag7 than on Cu or Ag, leading to a lower C-H cleavage barrier. A two-electrode electrolyzer employing an electrocatalyst of Cu3Ag7(+)||Ni3N/Ni(-) can produce H2 at both anode and cathode simultaneously with an apparent 200% Faradaic efficiency, reaching a current density of 500 mA/cm2 with a cell voltage of only 0.60 V.
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7
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Liu G, Zhan J, Zhang Z, Zhang LH, Yu F. Recent Advances of the Confinement Effects Boosting Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202200983. [PMID: 36373345 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Powered by clean and renewable energy, electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) to chemical feedstocks is an effective way to mitigate the greenhouse effect and artificially close the carbon cycle. However, the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 RR was impeded by the strong thermodynamic stability of CO2 molecules and the high susceptibility to hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in aqueous phase systems. Moreover, the numerous reaction intermediates formed at very near potentials lead to poor selectivity of reaction products, further preventing the industrialization of CO2 RR. Catalysis in confined space can enrich the reaction intermediates to improve their coverage at the active site, increase local pH to inhibit HER, and accelerate the mass transfer rate of reactants/products and subsequently facilitate CO2 RR performance. Therefore, we summarize the research progress on the application of the confinement effects in the direction of CO2 RR in theoretical and experimental directions. We first analyzed the mechanism of the confinement effect. Subsequently, the confinement effect was discussed in various forms, which can be characterized as an abnormal catalytic phenomenon due to the relative limitation of the reaction region. In specific, based on the physical structure of the catalyst, the confinement effect was divided in four categories: pore structure confinement, cavity structure confinement, active center confinement, and other confinement methods. Based on these discussions, we also have summarized the prospects and challenges in this field. This review aims to stimulate greater interests for the development of more efficient confined strategy for CO2 RR in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomeng Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Jiauyu Zhan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Zisheng Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Hua Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
| | - Fengshou Yu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, P. R. China
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8
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Cui Y, Yang C, Lin H, Rui S, Yao D, Liao Y, Zhang C, Fang Y, Wang X, Zhong Z, Song Y, Wang G, Zhuang L, Li Z. Amorphous N xC Coating Promotes Electrochemical CO 2 Deep Reduction to Hydrocarbons over Ag Nanocatalysts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Caili Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huanhao Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Suyan Rui
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yuting Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yiwen Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ziyi Zhong
- Department of Chemistry Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (GTIIT), Guangdong 515063, China
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT), Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yibing Song
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Gongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lin Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
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9
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Xu T, Wang Y, Xiong Z, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li X. A Rising 2D Star: Novel MBenes with Excellent Performance in Energy Conversion and Storage. Nanomicro Lett 2022; 15:6. [PMID: 36472760 PMCID: PMC9727130 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00976-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a flourishing member of the two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial family, MXenes have shown great potential in various research areas. In recent years, the continued growth of interest in MXene derivatives, 2D transition metal borides (MBenes), has contributed to the emergence of this 2D material as a latecomer. Due to the excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and electrical properties, thus MBenes attract more researchers' interest. Extensive experimental and theoretical studies have shown that they have exciting energy conversion and electrochemical storage potential. However, a comprehensive and systematic review of MBenes applications has not been available so far. For this reason, we present a comprehensive summary of recent advances in MBenes research. We started by summarizing the latest fabrication routes and excellent properties of MBenes. The focus will then turn to their exciting potential for energy storage and conversion. Finally, a brief summary of the challenges and opportunities for MBenes in future practical applications is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Xu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zuzhao Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujin Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xifei Li
- Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China.
- Center for International Cooperation On Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Chang F, Xiao M, Miao R, Liu Y, Ren M, Jia Z, Han D, Yuan Y, Bai Z, Yang L. Copper-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Multicarbon Products. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022; 5. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractElectrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into fuel and chemicals with added value represents an appealing approach to reduce the greenhouse effect and realize a carbon-neutral cycle, which has great potential in mitigating global warming and effectively storing renewable energy. The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) usually involves multiproton coupling and multielectron transfer in aqueous electrolytes to form multicarbon products (C2+ products), but it competes with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which results in intrinsically sluggish kinetics and a complex reaction mechanism and places higher requirements on the design of catalysts. In this review, the advantages of electrochemical CO2 reduction are briefly introduced, and then, different categories of Cu-based catalysts, including monometallic Cu catalysts, bimetallic catalysts, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) along with MOF-derived catalysts and other catalysts, are summarized in terms of their synthesis method and conversion of CO2 to C2+ products in aqueous solution. The catalytic mechanisms of these catalysts are subsequently discussed for rational design of more efficient catalysts. In response to the mechanisms, several material strategies to enhance the catalytic behaviors are proposed, including surface facet engineering, interface engineering, utilization of strong metal-support interactions and surface modification. Based on the above strategies, challenges and prospects are proposed for the future development of CO2RR catalysts for industrial applications.
Graphical Abstract
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11
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Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Dutta A, Kiran K, Rieder A, Iarchuk A, Vesztergom S, Mirolo M, Martens I, Drnec J, Broekmann P. CO 2 Conversion at High Current Densities: Stabilization of Bi(III)-Containing Electrocatalysts under CO 2 Gas Flow Conditions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Zelocualtecatl Montiel
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kiran Kiran
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alain Rieder
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Iarchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Soma Vesztergom
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marta Mirolo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isaac Martens
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jakub Drnec
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Yang H, Huang J, Yang H, Guo Q, Jiang B, Chen J, Yuan X. Design and Synthesis of Ag‐based Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction: Advances and Perspectives. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200637. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yang
- Nantong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jialu Huang
- Nantong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources State Key Laboratory of Space Power-sources Technology CHINA
| | - Qiyang Guo
- Nantong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Bei Jiang
- Sichuan University College of chemistry CHINA
| | - Jinxing Chen
- Soochow University Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices CHINA
| | - Xiaolei Yuan
- Nantong University school of chemistry and engineering 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019 Nantong CHINA
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13
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Zong X, Jin Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Xie H, Zhang J, Xiong Y. Morphology-controllable ZnO catalysts enriched with oxygen-vacancies for boosting CO2 electroreduction to CO. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Kim J, Kim H, Han GH, Hong S, Park J, Bang J, Kim SY, Ahn SH. Electrodeposition: An efficient method to fabricate self-supported electrodes for electrochemical energy conversion systems. Exploration (Beijing) 2022; 2:20210077. [PMID: 37323706 PMCID: PMC10190982 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of electrocatalysts for energy conversion systems is essential for alleviating environmental problems and producing useful energy sources as alternatives to fossil fuels. Improving the catalytic performance and stability of electrocatalysts is a major challenge in the development of energy conversion systems. Moreover, understanding their electrode structure is important for enhancing the energy efficiency. Recently, binder-free self-supported electrodes have been investigated because the seamless contact between the electrocatalyst and substrate minimizes the contact resistance as well as facilitates fast charge transfer at the catalyst/substrate interface and high catalyst utilization. Electrodeposition is an effective and facile method for fabricating self-supported electrodes in aqueous solutions under mild conditions. Facile fabrication without a polymer binder and controlability of the compositional and morphological properties of the electrocatalyst make electrodeposition methods suitable for enhancing the performance of energy conversion systems. Herein, we summarize recent research on self-supported electrodes fabricated by electrodeposition for energy conversion reactions, particularly focusing on cathodic reactions of electrolyzer system such as hydrogen evolution, electrochemical CO2 reduction, and electrochemical N2 reduction reactions. The deposition conditions, morphological and compositional properties, and catalytic performance of the electrocatalyst are reviewed. Finally, the prospective directions of electrocatalyst development for energy conversion systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyeong Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyunki Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Ho Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Hong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Juhae Park
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Bang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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15
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Liu J, Li P, Bi J, Zhu Q, Han B. Design and Preparation of Electrocatalysts by Electrodeposition for CO
2
Reduction. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200242. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Pengsong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Bi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Qinggong Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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16
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Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels and chemicals is one of the most attractive routes for CO2 utilization. However, low efficiency and poor stability restrict the practical application of most conventional electrocatalysts. Here, a silver hollow fiber electrode is presented as a novel self-supported gas diffusion electrode for efficient and stable CO2 electroreduction to CO. A CO faradaic efficiency of over 92% at current densities of above 150 mA∙cm−2 is achieved in 0.5 M KHCO3 for over 100 h, which is comparable to the most outstanding Ag-based electrocatalysts. The electrochemical results suggest the excellent electrocatalytic performance of silver hollow fiber electrode is attributed to the unique pore structures providing abundant active sites and favorable mass transport, which not only suppresses the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) but also facilitates the CO2 reduction kinetics.
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17
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Parada WA, Vasilyev DV, Mayrhofer KJJ, Katsounaros I. CO 2 Electroreduction on Silver Foams Modified by Ionic Liquids with Different Cation Side Chain Length. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:14193-14201. [PMID: 35302346 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are capable of tuning the kinetics of electroreduction processes by modifying a catalyst interface. In this work, a group of hydrophobic imidazolium-based ILs were immobilized on Ag foams by using a procedure known as "solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer" (SCILL). The derived electrocatalysts demonstrated altered selectivity and CO production rates for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 compared to the unmodified Ag foam. The activity change caused by the IL was dependent on the length of the N-alkyl substituent. The rate of CO production is optimized at moderate chain length and IL loadings. The observed trends are attributed to a local enrichment of CO2-based species in the proximity of the catalyst and a modification of the environment of its active sites. On the contrary, high loadings or long IL chains render the surface inaccessible and favor the hydrogen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter A Parada
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmitry V Vasilyev
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl J J Mayrhofer
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ioannis Katsounaros
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Zhang W, Jin Z, Chen Z. Rational-Designed Principles for Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Upgrading of CO 2 to Value-Added Chemicals. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2105204. [PMID: 35072349 PMCID: PMC8948570 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The chemical transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) has been considered as a promising strategy to utilize and further upgrade it to value-added chemicals, aiming at alleviating global warming. In this regard, sustainable driving forces (i.e., electricity and sunlight) have been introduced to convert CO2 into various chemical feedstocks. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) can generate carbonaceous molecules (e.g., formate, CO, hydrocarbons, and alcohols) via multiple-electron transfer. With the assistance of extra light energy, photoelectrocatalysis effectively improve the kinetics of CO2 conversion, which not only decreases the overpotentials for CO2 RR but also enhances the lifespan of photo-induced carriers for the consecutive catalytic process. Recently, rational-designed catalysts and advanced characterization techniques have emerged in these fields, which make CO2 -to-chemicals conversion in a clean and highly-efficient manner. Herein, this review timely and thoroughly discusses the recent advancements in the practical conversion of CO2 through electro- and photoelectrocatalytic technologies in the past 5 years. Furthermore, the recent studies of operando analysis and theoretical calculations are highlighted to gain systematic insights into CO2 RR. Finally, the challenges and perspectives in the fields of CO2 (photo)electrocatalysis are outlined for their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesInternational Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and ChemicalsCollege of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China
| | - Zhong Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic ChemistryMOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Zupeng Chen
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesInternational Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsJiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and ChemicalsCollege of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China
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19
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Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to value-added chemicals provides an environmentally benign alternative to current industrial practices. However, current electrocatalytic systems for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) are not practical for industrialization, owing to poor specific product selectivity and/or limited activity. Interfacial engineering presents a versatile and effective method to direct CO2RR selectivity by fine-tuning the local chemical dynamics. This Account describes interfacial design strategies developed in our laboratory that use electrolyte engineering and porous carbon materials to modify the local composition at the electrode-electrolyte interface.Our first strategy for influencing surface reactivity is to perturb the electrochemical double layer by tuning the electrolyte composition. We approached this investigation by considering how charged molecular additives can organize at the electrode surface and impact CO2 activation. Using a combination of advanced electrochemical techniques and in situ vibrational spectroscopy, we show that the surfactant properties (the identity of the headgroup, alkyl chain length, and concentration) as well as the electrolyte cation identity can affect how surfactant molecules assemble at a biased electrode. The interplay between the electrolyte cations and the surfactant additives can be regulated to favor specific carbon products, such as HCOO-, and suppress the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Together, our findings highlight how molecular assemblies can be used to design selective electrocatalytic systems.In addition to the electrolyte design, the local spatial confinement of reaction intermediates presents another strategy to direct CO2RR selectivity. We were interested in uncovering the role of porous carbon-supported catalysts toward selective carbon product formation. In our initial study, we show that carbon porosity can be optimized to enhance C2H4 and CO selectivity in a series of Cu catalysts embedded in a tunable carbon aerogel matrix. These results suggested that local confinement of the active surface plays a role in CO2 activation and motivated an investigation into probing how this phenomenon can be translated to a planar Cu electrode. Our findings show that carbon modifiers facilitated surface reconstruction and regulated CO2 diffusion to suppress HER and improve the C2-3 product selectivity. Given the ubiquity of carbon materials in catalysis, this work demonstrates that carbon plays an active role in regulating selectivity by restricting the diffusion of substrate and reaction intermediates. Our work in tuning the composition of the electrochemical double layer for increased CO2RR selectivity demonstrates the potential versatility in boosting catalytic performance across an array of catalytic systems.
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20
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Wang D, Zhu Y, Yu W, He Z, Dong F, Shen Y, Zeng T, Lu X, Ma J, Wang L, Song S. Ag-MOF-derived 3D Ag dendrites used for the efficient electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO. Electrochim Acta 2022; 403:139652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Sun Z, Wu X, Guan D, Chen X, Dai J, Gu Y, She S, Zhou W, Shao Z. One Pot-Synthesized Ag/Ag-Doped CeO 2 Nanocomposite with Rich and Stable 3D Interfaces and Ce 3+ for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:59993-60001. [PMID: 34890504 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) technology is promising to produce value-added chemicals and alleviate the climate deterioration. Interface engineering is demonstrated to improve the ECR performance for metal and oxide composite catalysts. However, the approach to form a substantial interface is still limited. In this work, we report a facile one-pot coprecipitation method to synthetize novel silver and silver-doped ceria (Ag/CeO2) nanocomposites. This catalyst provides a rich 3D interface and high Ce3+ concentration (33.6%), both of which are beneficial for ECR to CO. As a result, Ag/CeO2 exhibits a 99% faradaic efficiency and 10.5 A g-1 mass activity to convert CO2 into CO at an overpotential of 0.83 V. The strong interfacial interaction between Ag and CeO2 may enable the presence of surface Ce3+ and guarantee the improved durability during the electrolysis. We also develop numerical simulation to understand the local pH effect on the ECR performance and propose that the superior ECR performance of Ag/CeO2 is mainly due to the accelerated CO formation rate rather than the suppressed hydrogen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengsen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Xinhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Daqin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Jie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Yuxing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Sixuan She
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Zongping Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
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22
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Morimoto M, Fujita N, Takatsuji Y, Haruyama T. Decreasing the Overpotential for Formate Production in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Achieved by Anodized Sn Electrode. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022; 13:72-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Xue Y, Guo Y, Cui H, Zhou Z. Catalyst Design for Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 to Multicarbon Products. Small Methods 2021; 5:e2100736. [PMID: 34927943 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2 RR), driven by renewable energy (such as wind and solar energy), is an effective route toward carbon neutralization. The multicarbon (C2+ ) products from CO2 RR are highly desirable, since they are important fuels, chemicals, and industrial raw materials. However, selective reduction of CO2 to C2+ products is especially challenging, due to low selectivity, poor yield, and high overpotential. Since the performance of CO2 RR is closely related to the structure and composition of catalysts, which alter the binding energy of intermediates generated in CO2 RR, it is necessary to study these effects systematically to achieve possible design strategies. Herein, design strategies toward catalysts for CO2 conversion to C2+ products are discussed on the basis of the adjustment of the structure and composition of catalysts, such as morphology control, defect engineering, bimetal, and surface modification. Meanwhile the reaction mechanisms and structure evolution of catalysts during CO2 RR are focused on in particular. Finally, challenges and perspectives are proposed for further improvement of CO2 RR technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCast), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCast), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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24
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Raaijman SJ, Schellekens MP, Corbett PJ, Koper MTM. High‐Pressure CO Electroreduction at Silver Produces Ethanol and Propanol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J. Raaijman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University PO Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Maarten P. Schellekens
- Shell Technology Centre Amsterdam Shell Global Solutions International B.V. Grasweg 31 1031 HW Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. Corbett
- Shell Technology Centre Amsterdam Shell Global Solutions International B.V. Grasweg 31 1031 HW Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marc T. M. Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University PO Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
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25
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Raciti D, Braun T, Tackett BM, Xu H, Cruz M, Wiley BJ, Moffat TP. High-Aspect-Ratio Ag Nanowire Mat Electrodes for Electrochemical CO Production from CO 2. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Raciti
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Trevor Braun
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Brian M. Tackett
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Box 90354, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Mutya Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Box 90354, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Wiley
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Box 90354, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Thomas P. Moffat
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wan
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC) Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Alexander Bagger
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC) Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC) Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
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27
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Wan H, Bagger A, Rossmeisl J. Electrochemical Nitric Oxide Reduction on Metal Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21966-21972. [PMID: 34350689 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic denitrification is a promising technology for removing NOx species (NO3 - , NO2 - and NO). For NOx electroreduction (NOx RR), there is a desire for understanding the catalytic parameters that control the product distribution. Here, we elucidate selectivity and activity of catalyst for NOx RR. At low potential we classify metals by the binding of *NO versus *H. Analogous to classifying CO2 reduction by *CO vs. *H, Cu is able to bind *NO while not binding *H giving rise to a selective NH3 formation. Besides being selective, Cu is active for the reaction found by an activity-volcano. For metals that does not bind NO the reaction stops at NO, similar to CO2 -to-CO. At potential above 0.3 V vs. RHE, we speculate a low barrier for N coupling with NO causing N2 O formation. The work provides a clear strategy for selectivity and aims to inspire future research on NOx RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wan
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Bagger
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Raaijman SJ, Schellekens MP, Corbett PJ, Koper MTM. High-Pressure CO Electroreduction at Silver Produces Ethanol and Propanol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21732-21736. [PMID: 34327797 PMCID: PMC8518692 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Reducing CO2 to long-chain carbon products is attractive considering such products are typically more valuable than shorter ones. However, the best electrocatalyst for making such products from CO2 , copper, lacks selectivity. By studying alternate C2+ producing catalysts we can increase our mechanistic understanding, which is beneficial for improving catalyst performance. Therefore, we investigate CO reduction on silver, as density functional theory (DFT) results predict it to be good at forming ethanol. To address the current disagreement between DFT and experimental results (ethanol vs. no ethanol), we investigated CO reduction at higher surface coverage (by increasing pressure) to ascertain if desorption effects can explain the discrepancy. In terms of product trends, our results agree with the DFT-proposed acetaldehyde-like intermediate, yielding ethanol and propanol as C2+ products-making the CO2 electrochemistry of silver very similar to that of copper at sufficiently high coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Raaijman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten P Schellekens
- Shell Technology Centre Amsterdam, Shell Global Solutions International B.V., Grasweg 31, 1031, HW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Corbett
- Shell Technology Centre Amsterdam, Shell Global Solutions International B.V., Grasweg 31, 1031, HW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc T M Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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29
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Abstract
Recently, electrochemical NO reduction (eNORR) to ammonia has attracted enormous research interests due to the dual benefits in ammonia synthesis and denitrification fields. Herein, taking Ag as a model catalyst, we have developed a microkinetic model to rationalize the general selectivity trend of eNORR with varying potential, which has been observed widely in experiments, but not understood well. The model reproduces experiments well, quantitatively describing the selectivity turnover from N2O to NH3 and from NH3 to H2 with more negative potential. The first turnover of selectivity is due to the thermochemical coupling of two NO* limiting the N2O production. The second turnover is attributed to the larger transfer coefficient (β) of HER than NH3 production. This work reveals how electrode potential regulate the selectivity of eNORR, which is also beneficial to understand the commonly increasing HER selectivity with the decrease of potential in some other electroreduction reactions such as CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Long
- School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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30
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Li J, Zitolo A, Garcés-Pineda FA, Asset T, Kodali M, Tang P, Arbiol J, Galán-Mascarós JR, Atanassov P, Zenyuk IV, Sougrati MT, Jaouen F. Metal Oxide Clusters on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon are Highly Selective for CO 2 Electroreduction to CO. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun Li
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34090, France
| | - Andrea Zitolo
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’orme des Merisiers, BP 48, Saint Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Felipe A. Garcés-Pineda
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Tristan Asset
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92697, United States
| | - Mounika Kodali
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92697, United States
| | - PengYi Tang
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Ramón Galán-Mascarós
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92697, United States
| | - Iryna V. Zenyuk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine 92697, United States
| | | | - Frédéric Jaouen
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34090, France
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31
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Rudd JA, Hernandez-aldave S, Kazimierska E, Hamdy LB, Bain OJE, Barron AR, Andreoli E. Investigation into the Re-Arrangement of Copper Foams Pre- and Post-CO2 Electrocatalysis. Chemistry 2021; 3:687-703. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry3030048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of carbon dioxide is a major incentive for the growing field of carbon capture. Carbon dioxide could be an abundant building block to generate higher-value chemical products. Herein, we fabricated a porous copper electrode capable of catalyzing the reduction of carbon dioxide into higher-value products, such as ethylene, ethanol and propanol. We investigated the formation of the foams under different conditions, not only analyzing their morphological and crystal structure, but also documenting their performance as a catalyst. In particular, we studied the response of the foams to CO2 electrolysis, including the effect of urea as a potential additive to enhance CO2 catalysis. Before electrolysis, the pristine and urea-modified foam copper electrodes consisted of a mixture of cuboctahedra and dendrites. After 35 min of electrolysis, the cuboctahedra and dendrites underwent structural rearrangement affecting catalysis performance. We found that alterations in the morphology, crystallinity and surface composition of the catalyst were conducive to the deactivation of the copper foams.
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32
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Cao X, Cao G, Li M, Zhu X, Han J, Ge Q, Wang H. Enhanced Ethylene Formation from Carbon Dioxide Reduction through Sequential Catalysis on Au Decorated Cubic Cu
2
O Electrocatalyst. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Guangwei Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xinli Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jinyu Han
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Qingfeng Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern llinois University Carbondale IL 62901 United States
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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33
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Popovic S, Bele M, Hodnik N. Reconstruction of Copper Nanoparticles at Electrochemical CO
2
Reduction Reaction Conditions Occurs
via
Two‐step Dissolution/Redeposition Mechanism. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Popovic
- Department of Materials Chemistry National Institute of Chemistry Hajdrihova 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- University of Nova Gorica Vipavska 13 5000 Nova Gorica Slovenia
| | - Marjan Bele
- Department of Materials Chemistry National Institute of Chemistry Hajdrihova 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Nejc Hodnik
- Department of Materials Chemistry National Institute of Chemistry Hajdrihova 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- University of Nova Gorica Vipavska 13 5000 Nova Gorica Slovenia
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA, 02138 USA
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA, 02138 USA
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35
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Devasia D, Wilson AJ, Heo J, Mohan V, Jain PK. A rich catalog of C-C bonded species formed in CO 2 reduction on a plasmonic photocatalyst. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2612. [PMID: 33972538 PMCID: PMC8110802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22868-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding and rational design of heterogeneous catalysts for complex reactions, such as CO2 reduction, requires knowledge of elementary steps and chemical species prevalent on the catalyst surface under operating conditions. Using in situ nanoscale surface-enhanced Raman scattering, we probe the surface of a Ag nanoparticle during plasmon-excitation-driven CO2 reduction in water. Enabled by the high spatiotemporal resolution and surface sensitivity of our method, we detect a rich array of C1-C4 species formed on the photocatalytically active surface. The abundance of multi-carbon compounds, such as butanol, suggests the favorability of kinetically challenging C-C coupling on the photoexcited Ag surface. Another advance of this work is the use of isotope labeling in nanoscale probing, which allows confirmation that detected species are the intermediates and products of the catalytic reaction rather than spurious contaminants. The surface chemical knowledge made accessible by our approach will inform the modeling and engineering of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinumol Devasia
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Andrew J. Wilson
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.266623.50000 0001 2113 1622Present Address: Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY USA
| | - Jaeyoung Heo
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Varun Mohan
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Prashant K. Jain
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
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36
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Zou Y, Wang S. An Investigation of Active Sites for electrochemical CO 2 Reduction Reactions: From In Situ Characterization to Rational Design. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2003579. [PMID: 33977051 PMCID: PMC8097356 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction reaction (CO2RR) is among the most promising approaches used to transform greenhouse gas into useful fuels and chemicals. However, the reaction suffers from low selectivity, high overpotential, and low reaction rate. Active site identification in the CO2RR is vital for the understanding of the reaction mechanism and the rational development of new electrocatalysts with both high selectivity and stability. Herein, in situ characterization monitoring of active sites during the reaction is summarized and a general understanding of active sites on the various catalysts in the CO2RR, including metal-based catalysts, carbon-based catalysts, and metal-organic frameworks-based electrocatalysts is updated. For each type of electrocatalysts, the reaction pathway and real active sites are proposed based on in situ characterization techniques and theoretical calculations. Finally, the key limitations and challenges observed for the electrochemical fixation of CO2 is presented. It is expected that this review will provide new insights and directions into further scientific development and practical applicability of CO2 electroreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio‐Sensing and ChemometricsProvincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and DevicesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeringthe National Supercomputer Centers in ChangshaHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio‐Sensing and ChemometricsProvincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and DevicesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeringthe National Supercomputer Centers in ChangshaHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
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37
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Dong WJ, Lim JW, Hong DM, Kim J, Park JY, Cho WS, Baek S, Lee JL. Grain Boundary Engineering of Cu-Ag Thin-Film Catalysts for Selective (Photo)Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction to CO and CH 4. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:18905-18913. [PMID: 33848138 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between grain boundary (GB) oxidation of Cu-Ag thin-film catalysts and selectivity of the (photo)electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR). The change in the thickness of the Cu thin film accompanies the variation of GB density, and the Ag layer (3 nm) has an island-like morphology on the Cu thin film. Therefore, oxygen from ambient air penetrates into the Cu thin film through the GB of Cu and binds with it because the uncoordinated Cu atoms at the GBs are unstable. It was found that the Cu thin film with a small grain size was susceptible to spontaneous oxidation and degraded the faradaic efficiency (FE) of CO and CH4. However, a relatively thick (≥80 nm) Cu layer was effective in preventing the GB oxidation and realized catalytic properties similar to those of bulk Cu-Ag catalysts. The optimized Cu (100 nm)-Ag (3 nm) thin film exhibited a unique bifunctional characteristic, which enables selective production of both CO (FECO = 79.8%) and CH4 (FECH4 = 59.3%) at a reductive potential of -1.0 and -1.4 VRHE, respectively. Moreover, the Cu-Ag thin film was used as a cocatalyst for photo-electrochemical CO2 reduction by patterning the Cu-Ag thin film and a SiO2 passivation layer on a p-type Si photocathode. This novel architecture improved the selectivity of CO and CH4 under light illumination (100 mW/cm2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jae Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Dae Myung Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Won Seok Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Sangwon Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jong-Lam Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
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38
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Qi K, Zhang Y, Li J, Charmette C, Ramonda M, Cui X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu H, Wang W, Zhang X, Voiry D. Enhancing the CO 2-to-CO Conversion from 2D Silver Nanoprisms via Superstructure Assembly. ACS Nano 2021; 15:7682-7693. [PMID: 33861069 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 in a highly selective and efficient manner is a crucial step toward its reuse for the production of chemicals and fuels. Nanostructured Ag catalysts have been found to be effective candidates for the conversion of CO2-to-CO. However, the ambiguous determination of the intrinsic CO2 activity and the maximization of the density of exposed active sites have greatly limited the use of Ag toward the realization of practical electrocatalytic devices. Here, we report a superstructure design strategy prepared by the self-assembly of two-dimensional Ag nanoprisms for maximizing the exposure of active edge ribs. The vertically stacked Ag nanoprisms allow the exposure of >95% of the edge sites, resulting in an enhanced selectivity and activity toward the production of CO from CO2 with an overpotential of 152 mV. The Ag superstructures also demonstrate a selectivity of over 90% for 100 h together with a current retention of ≈94% at -600 mV versus the reversible hydrogen electrode and a partial energy efficiency for CO production of 70.5%. Our electrochemical measurements on individual Ag nanoprisms with various edge-to-basal plane ratios and the Ag superstructures led to the identification of the edge ribs as the active sites thanks to the ≈400 mV decrease in the onset potential compared to that of the Ag (111) basal planes and a turnover frequency of 9.2 × 10-3 ± 1.9 × 10-3 s-1 at 0 V overpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qi
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi710021, China
| | - Christophe Charmette
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Michel Ramonda
- Central Technology in Micro and Nanoelectronics CTM-LMCP, Université Montpellier, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Xiaoqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Department of Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Department of Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060 China
| | - Huali Wu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Wensen Wang
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571127, China
| | - Damien Voiry
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier 34000, France
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39
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Bertini S, Rahaman M, Dutta A, Schollhammer P, Rudnev AV, Gloaguen F, Broekmann P, Albrecht M. Oxo-functionalised mesoionic NHC nickel complexes for selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to formate. Green Chem 2021; 23:3365-3373. [PMID: 34093085 PMCID: PMC8111538 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc00388g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strategies for the conversion of CO2 to valuable products are paramount for reducing the environmental risks associated with high levels of this greenhouse gas and offer unique opportunities for transforming waste into useful products. While catalysts based on nickel as an Earth-abundant metal for the sustainable reduction of CO2 are known, the vast majority produce predominantly CO as a product. Here, efficient and selective CO2 reduction to formate as a synthetically valuable product has been accomplished with novel nickel complexes containing a tailored C,O-bidentate chelating mesoionic carbene ligand. These nickel(ii) complexes are easily accessible and show excellent catalytic activity for electrochemical H+ reduction to H2 (from HOAc in MeCN), and CO2 reduction (from CO2-saturated MeOH/MeCN solution) with high faradaic efficiency to yield formate exclusively as an industrially and synthetically valuable product from CO2. The most active catalyst precursor features the 4,6-di-tert-butyl substituted phenolate triazolylidene ligand, tolerates different proton donors including water, and reaches an unprecedented faradaic efficiency of 83% for formate production, constituting the most active and selective Ni-based system known to date for converting CO2 into formate as an important commodity chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bertini
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry &Pharmacy, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Motiar Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry &Pharmacy, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry &Pharmacy, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander V Rudnev
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry &Pharmacy, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskii pr. 31 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Fredric Gloaguen
- UMR 6521, CNRS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale CS 93837 29238 Brest France
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry &Pharmacy, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry &Pharmacy, Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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40
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Dutta A, Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Kiran K, Rieder A, Grozovski V, Gut L, Broekmann P. A Tandem (Bi2O3 → Bimet) Catalyst for Highly Efficient ec-CO2 Conversion into Formate: Operando Raman Spectroscopic Evidence for a Reaction Pathway Change. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | | | - Kiran Kiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Alain Rieder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Vitali Grozovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Lukas Gut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012 Switzerland
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41
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Nguyen DLT, Do HH, Nguyen MT, Vo DN, Nguyen V, Nguyen CC, Kim SY, Le QV. Electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide over silver-based catalysts: Recent progress in cathode structure and interface engineering. Chem Eng Sci 2021; 234:116403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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42
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Abstract
AbstractCapturing CO2 from the atmosphere and converting it into fuels are an efficient strategy to stop the deteriorating greenhouse effect and alleviate the energy crisis. Among various CO2 conversion approaches, electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has received extensive attention because of its mild operating conditions. However, the high onset potential, low selectivity toward multi-carbon products and poor cruising ability of CO2RR impede its development. To regulate product distribution, previous studies performed electrocatalyst modification using several universal methods, including composition manipulation, morphology control, surface modification, and defect engineering. Recent studies have revealed that the cathode and electrolytes influence the selectivity of CO2RR via pH changes and ionic effects, or by directly participating in the reduction pathway as cocatalysts. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art optimization strategies to efficiently enhance CO2RR selectivity from two main aspects, namely the cathode electrocatalyst and the electrolyte.
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Dieckhöfer S, Öhl D, Junqueira JRC, Quast T, Turek T, Schuhmann W. Probing the Local Reaction Environment During High Turnover Carbon Dioxide Reduction with Ag-Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes. Chemistry 2021; 27:5906-5912. [PMID: 33527522 PMCID: PMC8048634 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Discerning the influence of electrochemical reactions on the electrode microenvironment is an unavoidable topic for electrochemical reactions that involve the production of OH− and the consumption of water. That is particularly true for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), which together with the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) exert changes in the local OH− and H2O activity that in turn can possibly affect activity, stability, and selectivity of the CO2RR. We determine the local OH− and H2O activity in close proximity to a CO2‐converting Ag‐based gas diffusion electrode (GDE) with product analysis using gas chromatography. A Pt nanosensor is positioned in the vicinity of the working GDE using shear‐force‐based scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) approach curves, which allows monitoring changes invoked by reactions proceeding within an otherwise inaccessible porous GDE by potentiodynamic measurements at the Pt‐tip nanosensor. We show that high turnover HER/CO2RR at a GDE lead to modulations of the alkalinity of the local electrolyte, that resemble a 16 m KOH solution, variations that are in turn linked to the reaction selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dieckhöfer
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Denis Öhl
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - João R C Junqueira
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Quast
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Turek
- Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process Engineering, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstr 17, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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Abstract
The severe increase in the CO2 concentration is a causative factor of global warming, which accelerates the destruction of ecosystems. The massive utilization of CO2 for value-added chemical production is a key to commercialization to guarantee both economic feasibility and negative carbon emission. Although the electrochemical reduction of CO2 is one of the most promising technologies, there are remaining challenges for large-scale production. Herein, an overview of these limitations is provided in terms of devices, processes, and catalysts. Further, the economic feasibility of the technology is described in terms of individual processes such as reactions and separation. Additionally, for the practical implementation of the electrochemical CO2 conversion technology, stable electrocatalytic performances need to be addressed in terms of current density, Faradaic efficiency, and overpotential. Hence, the present review also covers the known degradation behaviors and mechanisms of electrocatalysts and electrodes during electrolysis. Furthermore, strategic approaches for overcoming the stability issues are introduced based on recent reports from various research areas involved in the electrocatalytic conversion.
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Hou Y, Kovács N, Xu H, Sun C, Erni R, Gálvez-Vázquez MDJ, Rieder A, Hu H, Kong Y, Liu M, Wiley BJ, Vesztergom S, Broekmann P. Limitations of identical location SEM as a method of degradation studies on surfactant capped nanoparticle electrocatalysts. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vesztergom S, Dutta A, Rahaman M, Kiran K, Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Broekmann P. Hydrogen Bubble Templated Metal Foams as Efficient Catalysts of CO
2
Electroreduction. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soma Vesztergom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestraße 3 Bern 3012 Switzerland
- Department of Physical Chemistry Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A Budapest 1117 Hungary
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestraße 3 Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Motiar Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestraße 3 Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | - Kiran Kiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestraße 3 Bern 3012 Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestraße 3 Bern 3012 Switzerland
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de Jesus Gálvez-Vázquez M, Moreno-García P, Xu H, Hou Y, Hu H, Montiel IZ, Rudnev AV, Alinejad S, Grozovski V, Wiley BJ, Arenz M, Broekmann P. Environment Matters: CO2RR Electrocatalyst Performance Testing in a Gas-Fed Zero-Gap Electrolyzer. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel Moreno-García
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Yuhui Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Huifang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander V. Rudnev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Shima Alinejad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Vitali Grozovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin J. Wiley
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Matthias Arenz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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Abstract
Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming, which can lead to undesirable climate change and extinction of species. Besides the ongoing efforts to develop environmentally benign sources of energy and to advance technologies for the capture and sequestration of CO2, the transformation of emitted CO2 into valuable products is a pragmatic solution to curb its accumulation in the atmosphere. In this regard, electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) powered by renewable electricity provides an attractive approach because it not only converts CO2 to valuable fuels and chemicals but also offers a solution for the long-term storage of intermittent renewable energies. In ECR, the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) is the most critical component and has been the subject of intensive research in the last few years. This tutorial review provides an insightful guide to developing GDEs with high activity, selectivity, and stability, the three important performance metrics in ECR. First, we introduce critical fundamentals of ECR, including the chemical and physical phenomena at the electrodes as well as the electrochemical cell configurations. Next, we discuss recent advances in GDE design, focusing on their structure-performance correlation and fabrication techniques for each component of GDEs. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges and propose promising research directions for the design of efficient GDEs. This review aims at promoting the development of industrially relevant ECR systems to bring this technology to practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu N Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Chen TL, Chen HC, Huang YP, Lin SC, Hou CH, Tan HY, Tung CW, Chan TS, Shyue JJ, Chen HM. In situ unraveling of the effect of the dynamic chemical state on selective CO 2 reduction upon zinc electrocatalysts. Nanoscale 2020; 12:18013-18021. [PMID: 32856664 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03475d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the reaction mechanism behind the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a crucial step for advancing the development of efficient and selective electrocatalysts to yield valuable chemicals. To understand the mechanism of zinc electrocatalysts toward the CO2RR, a series of thermally oxidized zinc foils is prepared to achieve a direct correlation between the chemical state of the electrocatalyst and product selectivity. The evidence provided by in situ Raman spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction significantly demonstrates that the Zn(ii) and Zn(0) species on the surface are responsible for the production of carbon monoxide (CO) and formate, respectively. Specifically, the destruction of a dense oxide layer on the surface of zinc foil through a thermal oxidation process results in a 4-fold improvement of faradaic efficiency (FE) of formate toward the CO2RR. The results from in situ measurements reveal that the chemical state of zinc electrocatalysts could dominate the product profile for the CO2RR, which provides a promising approach for tuning the product selectivity of zinc electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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50
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Dutta A, Rahaman M, Hecker B, Drnec J, Kiran K, Zelocualtecatl Montiel I, Jochen Weber D, Zanetti A, Cedeño López A, Martens I, Broekmann P, Oezaslan M. CO2 electrolysis – Complementary operando XRD, XAS and Raman spectroscopy study on the stability of CuxO foam catalysts. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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