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Mohammed ER, Abd-El-Fatah AH, Mohamed AR, Mahrouse MA, Mohammad MA. Discovery of new 2-(3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)thiazole derivatives with potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities: In vitro, in vivo and in silico investigations. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107372. [PMID: 38653152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Joining the global demand for the discovery of potent NSAIDs with minimized ulcerogenic effect, new pyrazole clubbed thiazole derivatives 5a-o were designed and synthesized. The new derivatives were initially evaluated for their analgesic activity. Eight compounds 5a, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5h, 5m, and 5o showed higher activity than Indomethacin (potency = 105-130 % vs. 100 %). Subsequently, they were picked for further evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity, ulcerogenic liability as well as toxicological studies. Derivatives 5h and 5m showed a potential % edema inhibition after 3 h (79.39 % and 72.12 %, respectively), with a promising safety profile and low ulcer indices (3.80 and 3.20, respectively). The two compounds 5h and 5m were subjected to in vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition assay. The candidate 5h showed nearly equipotent COX-1 inhibition (IC50 = 38.76 nM) compared to the non-selective reference drug Indomethacin (IC50 = 35.72 nM). Compound 5m expressed significant inhibitory activities and a higher COX-2 selectivity index (IC50 = 87.74 nM, SI = 2.05) in comparison with Indomethacin (SI = 0.52), with less selectivity than Celecoxib (SI = 8.31). Simulation docking studies were carried out to gain insights into the binding interaction of compounds 5h and 5m in the vicinity of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes that illustrated the importance of pyrazole clubbed thiazole core in hydrogen bonding interactions. The thiazole motif of compounds 5h and 5m exhibited a well orientation toward COX-1 Arg120 key residue by hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 5h revealed an additional arene-cation interaction with Arg120 that could rationalize its superior COX-1 inhibitory activity. Compounds 5h and 5m overlaid the co-crystallized ligand Celecoxib I differently in the active site of COX-2. Compound 5m showed an enhanced accommodation with binding energy of - 6.13 vs. - 1.70 kcal/mol of compounds 5h. The naphthalene ring of compound 5m adopted the Celecoxib I benzene sulfonamide region that is stabilized by hydrogen-arene interactions with the hydrophobic sidechains of the key residues Ser339 and Phe504. Further, the core structure of compound 5m, pyrazole clubbed thiazole, revealed deeper hydrophobic interactions with Ala513, Leu517 and Val509 residues. Finally, a sensitive and accurate UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of some selected promising pyrazole derivatives in rat plasma. Accordingly, compounds 5h and 5m were suggested to be promising potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents with improved safety profiles and a novel COX isozyme modulation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman R Mohammed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Aliaa H Abd-El-Fatah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdalla R Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Marianne A Mahrouse
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Mohammad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Lim MCX, Loo CT, Wong CY, Lee CS, Koh RY, Lim CL, Kok YY, Chye SM. Prospecting bioactivity in Antarctic algae: A review of extracts, isolated compounds and their effects. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106025. [PMID: 38768797 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Algae and its metabolites have been a popular subject of research in numerous fields over the years. Various reviews have been written on algal bioactive components, but a specific focus on Antarctic-derived algae is seldom reviewed. Due to the extreme climate conditions of Antarctica, it is hypothesized that the acclimatized algae may have given rise to a new set of bioactive compounds as a result of adaptation. Although most studies done on Antarctic algae are based on ecological and physiological studies, as well as in the field of nanomaterial synthesis, some studies point out the potential therapeutic properties of these compounds. As an effort to shed light on a different application of Antarctic algae, this review focuses on evaluating its different medicinal properties, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and skin protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervyn Chen Xi Lim
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chee Tou Loo
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chiew Yen Wong
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Choy Sin Lee
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chooi Ling Lim
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Yih Yih Kok
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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Wang L, Xian X, Zhou M, Xu K, Cao S, Cheng J, Dai W, Zhang W, Ye M. Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Protein-Enriched Diet Can Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Research. Nutrients 2024; 16:1333. [PMID: 38732579 PMCID: PMC11085298 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common mental health disorder among older adults, and dietary patterns have an impact on cognitive function. However, no systematic researches have constructed anti-inflammatory diet (AID) and protein-enriched diet (PED) to explore their association with CI among older adults in China. METHODS The data used in this study were obtained from the 2018 waves of the China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We construct AID, PED, and calculate scores for CI. We use binary logistic regression to explore the relationship between them, and use restrictive cubic splines to determine whether the relationships are non-linear. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to demonstrate the robustness of the results. RESULTS A total of 8692 participants (mean age is 83.53 years) were included in the analysis. We found that participants with a higher AID (OR = 0.789, 95% confidence interval: 0.740-0.842, p < 0.001) and PED (OR = 0.910, 95% confidence interval: 0.866-0.956, p < 0.001) score showed lower odds of suffering from CI. Besides, the relationship between the two dietary patterns and CI is linear, and the results of subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis are also significant. CONCLUSION Higher intakes of AID and PED are associated with a lower risk of CI among older adults, which has important implications for future prevention and control of CI from a dietary and nutritional perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xiaobing Xian
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Mengting Zhou
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Ke Xu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Shiwei Cao
- School of the Second Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;
| | - Jingyu Cheng
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Weizhi Dai
- School of the First Clinical, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Mengliang Ye
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.Z.); (K.X.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
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Trares K, Wiesenfarth M, Stocker H, Perna L, Petrera A, Hauck SM, Beyreuther K, Brenner H, Schöttker B. Addition of inflammation-related biomarkers to the CAIDE model for risk prediction of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in a prospective study. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:23. [PMID: 38570813 PMCID: PMC10988812 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is of interest whether inflammatory biomarkers can improve dementia prediction models, such as the widely used Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) model. METHODS The Olink Target 96 Inflammation panel was assessed in a nested case-cohort design within a large, population-based German cohort study (n = 9940; age-range: 50-75 years). All study participants who developed dementia over 20 years of follow-up and had complete CAIDE variable data (n = 562, including 173 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 199 vascular dementia (VD) cases) as well as n = 1,356 controls were selected for measurements. 69 inflammation-related biomarkers were eligible for use. LASSO logistic regression and bootstrapping were utilized to select relevant biomarkers and determine areas under the curve (AUCs). RESULTS The CAIDE model 2 (including Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status) predicted all-cause dementia, AD, and VD better than CAIDE model 1 (without APOE ε4) with AUCs of 0.725, 0.752 and 0.707, respectively. Although 20, 7, and 4 inflammation-related biomarkers were selected by LASSO regression to improve CAIDE model 2, the AUCs did not increase markedly. CAIDE models 1 and 2 generally performed better in mid-life (50-64 years) than in late-life (65-75 years) sub-samples of our cohort, but again, inflammation-related biomarkers did not improve their predictive abilities. CONCLUSIONS Despite a lack of improvement in dementia risk prediction, the selected inflammation-related biomarkers were significantly associated with dementia outcomes and may serve as a starting point to further elucidate the pathogenesis of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Trares
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Manuel Wiesenfarth
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah Stocker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Laura Perna
- Department of Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, Munich, 80804, Germany
- Division of Mental Health of Older Adults, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Agnese Petrera
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Beyreuther
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Straße 20, Heidelberg, 69115, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
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Rossano SM, Johnson AS, Smith A, Ziaggi G, Roetman A, Guzman D, Okafor A, Klein J, Tomljanovic Z, Stern Y, Brickman AM, Lee S, Kreisl WC, Lao P. Microglia measured by TSPO PET are associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology and mediate key steps in a disease progression model. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2397-2407. [PMID: 38298155 PMCID: PMC11032543 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests microglial activation precedes regional tau and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We characterized microglia with translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) within an AD progression model where global amyloid beta (Aβ) precedes local tau and neurodegeneration, resulting in cognitive impairment. METHODS Florbetaben, PBR28, and MK-6240 PET, T1 magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive measures were performed in 19 cognitively unimpaired older adults and 22 patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild AD to examine associations among microglia activation, Aβ, tau, and cognition, adjusting for neurodegeneration. Mediation analyses evaluated the possible role of microglial activation along the AD progression model. RESULTS Higher PBR28 uptake was associated with higher Aβ, higher tau, and lower MMSE score, independent of neurodegeneration. PBR28 mediated associations between tau in early and middle Braak stages, between tau and neurodegeneration, and between neurodegeneration and cognition. DISCUSSION Microglia are associated with AD pathology and cognition and may mediate relationships between subsequent steps in AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M. Rossano
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Aubrey S. Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Anna Smith
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Galen Ziaggi
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Andrew Roetman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Diana Guzman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Amarachukwu Okafor
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Julia Klein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineUniversity of California Los Angeles HealthLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zeljko Tomljanovic
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Adam M. Brickman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and BiostatisticsColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - William C. Kreisl
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Patrick Lao
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Momkus J, Aiello AE, Stebbins R, Zhang Y, Harris KM. Sociodemographic patterns in biomarkers of aging in the Add Health cohort. Biodemography Soc Biol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38551453 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2024.2334687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers in population health research serve as indicators of incremental physiological deterioration and contribute to our understanding of mechanisms through which social disparities in health unfold over time. Yet, few population-based studies incorporate biomarkers of aging in early midlife, when disease risks may emerge and progress across the life course. We describe the distributions of several biomarkers of inflammation and neurodegeneration and their variation by sociodemographic characteristics using blood samples collected during Wave V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (ages 33-44 years). Higher mean levels of inflammatory and neurodegenerative biomarkers were associated with greater socioeconomic disadvantage. For example, the neurodegenerative markers, Neurofilament Light Chain and total Tau proteins were higher among lower income groups, though the relationship was not statistically significant. Similarly, proinflammatory marker Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) levels were higher among those with lower education. Significant differences in the mean levels of other proinflammatory markers were observed by race/ethnicity, sex, census region, BMI, and smoking status. These descriptive findings indicate that disparities in biomarkers associated with aging are already evident among young adults in their 30s and attention should focus on age-related disease risk earlier in the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Momkus
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allison E Aiello
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca Stebbins
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Amartumur S, Nguyen H, Huynh T, Kim TS, Woo RS, Oh E, Kim KK, Lee LP, Heo C. Neuropathogenesis-on-chips for neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2219. [PMID: 38472255 PMCID: PMC10933492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing diagnostics and treatments for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is challenging due to multifactorial pathogenesis that progresses gradually. Advanced in vitro systems that recapitulate patient-like pathophysiology are emerging as alternatives to conventional animal-based models. In this review, we explore the interconnected pathogenic features of different types of ND, discuss the general strategy to modelling NDs using a microfluidic chip, and introduce the organoid-on-a-chip as the next advanced relevant model. Lastly, we overview how these models are being applied in academic and industrial drug development. The integration of microfluidic chips, stem cells, and biotechnological devices promises to provide valuable insights for biomedical research and developing diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarnai Amartumur
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Huong Nguyen
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Thuy Huynh
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Testaverde S Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Ran-Sook Woo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, 34824, Korea
| | - Eungseok Oh
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Anti-microbial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Luke P Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Harvard Medical School, Division of Engineering in Medicine and Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Chaejeong Heo
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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Gunawan PY, Gunawan PA, Hariyanto TI. Risk of Dementia in Patients with Diabetes Using Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i): A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. Diabetes Ther 2024; 15:663-675. [PMID: 38340279 PMCID: PMC10942948 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-024-01538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dementia is quite prevalent and among the leading causes of death worldwide. According to earlier research, diabetes may increase the possibility of developing dementia. However, the association between antidiabetic agents and dementia is not yet clear. This investigation examines the association between the use of sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and the risk of dementia in patients with diabetes. METHODS Up to April 18, 2023, four databases-Europe PMC, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library-were searched for relevant literature. We included all studies that examine dementia risk in adults with diabetes who use SGLT2i. Random-effect models were used to compute the outcomes in this investigation, producing pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Pooled data from seven observational studies revealed that SGLT2i use was linked to a lower risk of dementia in people with diabetes (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.34-0.61; p < 0.00001, I2 = 97%). The reduction in the risk of dementia due to SGLT2i's neuroprotective effect was only significantly affected by dyslipidemia (p = 0.0004), but not by sample size (p = 0.2954), study duration (p = 0.0908), age (p = 0.0805), sex (p = 0.5058), hypertension (p = 0.0609), cardiovascular disease (p = 0.1619), or stroke (p = 0.2734). CONCLUSIONS According to this research, taking SGLT2i reduces the incidence of dementia in people with diabetes by having a beneficial neuroprotective impact. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are still required in order to verify the findings of our research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pricilla Yani Gunawan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Boulevard Jendral Sudirman Street, Karawaci, Tangerang, 15811, Indonesia.
| | - Paskalis Andrew Gunawan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tarumanegara University, Jakarta, 11440, Indonesia
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Van Hoecke L, Castelein J, Xie J, Van Acker L, Van Imschoot G, Van Wonterghem E, Vlaeminck I, Verhaege D, Claeys W, Wierda K, Callaerts-Vegh Z, Vandenbroucke RE. An immunological puzzle: The adaptive immune system fuels Alzheimer's disease pathology. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:122-134. [PMID: 38142916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a concerning rise in prevalence. It is projected that the number of affected individuals will reach a staggering 150 million by 2050. While recent advancements in monoclonal antibodies targeting Aβ have shown some clinical effects, there is an urgent need for improved therapies to effectively address the impeding surge of AD patients worldwide. To achieve this, a deeper understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying the disease is crucial. In recent years, mounting evidence has underscored the vital role of the innate immune system in AD pathology. However, limited findings persist regarding the involvement of the adaptive immune system. Here, we report on the impact of the adaptive immune system on various aspects of AD by using AppNL-G-F mice crossed into a Rag2-/- background lacking mature adaptive immune cells. In addition, to simulate the continuous exposure to various challenges such as infections that is commonly observed in humans, the innate immune system was activated through the repetitive induction of peripheral inflammation. We observed a remarkably improved performance on complex cognitive tasks when a mature adaptive immune system is absent. Notably, this observation is pathologically associated with lower Aβ plaque accumulation, reduced glial activation, and better-preserved neuronal networks in the mice lacking a mature adaptive immune system. Collectively, these findings highlight the detrimental role of the adaptive immune system in AD and underscore the need for effective strategies to modulate it for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Van Hoecke
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonas Castelein
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Junhua Xie
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lore Van Acker
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Van Imschoot
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elien Van Wonterghem
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ine Vlaeminck
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daan Verhaege
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Claeys
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Keimpe Wierda
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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10
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Cavalier AN, Clayton ZS, Wahl D, Hutton DA, McEntee CM, Seals DR, LaRocca TJ. Protective effects of apigenin on the brain transcriptome with aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 217:111889. [PMID: 38007051 PMCID: PMC10843586 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Brain aging is associated with reduced cognitive function that increases the risk for dementia. Apigenin is a bioactive plant compound that inhibits cellular aging processes and could protect against age-related cognitive dysfunction, but its mechanisms of action in the brain have not been comprehensively studied. We characterized brain transcriptome changes in young and old mice treated with apigenin in drinking water. We observed improved learning/memory in old treated mice, and our transcriptome analyses indicated that differentially expressed genes with aging and apigenin were primarily related to immune responses, inflammation, and cytokine regulation. Moreover, we found that genes/transcripts that were increased in old vs. young mice but downregulated with apigenin treatment in old animals were associated with immune activation/inflammation, whereas transcripts that were reduced with aging but increased with apigenin were related neuronal function and signaling. We also found that these transcriptome differences with aging and apigenin treatment were driven in part by glial cells. To follow up on these in vivo transcriptome findings, we studied aged astrocytes in vitro, and we found that apigenin reduced markers of inflammation and cellular senescence in these cells. Collectively, our data suggest that apigenin may protect against age-related cognitive dysfunction by suppressing neuro-inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa N Cavalier
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Columbine Health Systems Center for Healthy Aging, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Devin Wahl
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Columbine Health Systems Center for Healthy Aging, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - David A Hutton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Cali M McEntee
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Columbine Health Systems Center for Healthy Aging, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Thomas J LaRocca
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Columbine Health Systems Center for Healthy Aging, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
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11
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Shi M, Chu F, Zhu F, Zhu J. Peripheral blood amyloid-β involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease via impacting on peripheral innate immune cells. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:5. [PMID: 38178136 PMCID: PMC10765910 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-03003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A key pathological factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the world, is excessive β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in extracellular aggregation in the brain. And in the peripheral blood, a large amount of Aβ is derived from platelets. So far, the causality between the levels of peripheral blood Aβ and its aggregation in the brain, particularly the role of the peripheral blood Aβ in the pathology of AD, is still unclear. And the relation between the peripheral blood Aβ and tau tangles of brain, another crucial pathologic factor contributing to the pathogenesis of AD, is also ambiguous. More recently, the anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies are approved for treatment of AD patients through declining the peripheral blood Aβ mechanism of action to enhance plasma and central nervous system (CNS) Aβ clearance, leading to a decrease Aβ burden in brain and improving cognitive function, which clearly indicates that the levels of the peripheral blood Aβ impacted on the Aβ burden in brain and involved in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition, the role of peripheral innate immune cells in AD remains mostly unknown and the results obtained were controversial. In the present review, we summarize recent studies on the roles of peripheral blood Aβ and the peripheral innate immune cells in the pathogenesis of AD. Finally, based on the published data and our own work, we believe that peripheral blood Aβ plays an important role in the development and progression of AD by impacting on the peripheral innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Shi
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fengna Chu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrcs, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Weaver DF. Thirty Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease Unified by a Common Neuroimmune-Neuroinflammation Mechanism. Brain Sci 2023; 14:41. [PMID: 38248256 PMCID: PMC10813027 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the major obstacles confronting the formulation of a mechanistic understanding for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is its immense complexity-a complexity that traverses the full structural and phenomenological spectrum, including molecular, macromolecular, cellular, neurological and behavioural processes. This complexity is reflected by the equally complex diversity of risk factors associated with AD. However, more than merely mirroring disease complexity, risk factors also provide fundamental insights into the aetiology and pathogenesis of AD as a neurodegenerative disorder since they are central to disease initiation and subsequent propagation. Based on a systematic literature assessment, this review identified 30 risk factors for AD and then extended the analysis to further identify neuroinflammation as a unifying mechanism present in all 30 risk factors. Although other mechanisms (e.g., vasculopathy, proteopathy) were present in multiple risk factors, dysfunction of the neuroimmune-neuroinflammation axis was uniquely central to all 30 identified risk factors. Though the nature of the neuroinflammatory involvement varied, the activation of microglia and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines were a common pathway shared by all risk factors. This observation provides further evidence for the importance of immunopathic mechanisms in the aetiopathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Departments of Medicine, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
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13
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Andrade VHBD, M Rodrigues EY, Dias NAF, Ferreira GFC, Carvalho DBD, das Neves AR, Coronel PMV, Yonekawa MKA, Parisotto EB, Santos EAD, Souza AS, Paredes-Gamero EJ, de Sousa KS, Souza LLD, Resstel LBM, Baroni ACM, Lagatta DC. Neuroprotective Profile of Triazole Grandisin Analogue against Amyloid-Beta Oligomer-Induced Cognitive Impairment. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4298-4310. [PMID: 38048522 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by accumulation of amyloid-β oligomers (AβO) in the brain, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and cognitive decline. Grandisin, a tetrahydrofuran neolignan, exhibits relevant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Interestingly, grandisin-based compounds were shown to prevent AβO-induced neuronal death in vitro. However, no study has assessed the effect of these compounds on the AD animal model. This study focuses on a triazole grandisin analogue (TGA) synthesized using simplification and bioisosteric drug design, which resulted in improved potency and solubility compared with the parent compound. This study aimed to investigate the possible in vivo effects of TGA against AβO-induced AD. Male C57/Bl6 mice underwent stereotaxic intracerebroventricular AβO (90 μM) or vehicle injections. 24 h after surgery, animals received intraperitoneal treatment with TGA (1 mg/kg) or vehicle, administered on a 14 day schedule. One day after treatment completion, a novel object recognition task (NORT) was performed. Memantine (10 mg/kg) was administered as a positive control. NORT retention sessions were performed on days 8 and 16 after AβO injection. Immediately after retention sessions, animals were euthanized for cortex and hippocampus collection. Specimens were subjected to oxidative stress and cytokine analyses. TGA reduced the level of cortex/hippocampus lipoperoxidation and prevented cognitive impairment in AβO-injected mice. Additionally, TGA reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in the hippocampus. By contrast, memantine failed to prevent cortex/hippocampus lipid peroxidation, recognition memory decline, and AβO-induced increases in TNF and IFN-γ levels in the hippocampus. Thus, memantine was unable to avoid the AβO-induced persistent cognitive impairment. The results showed that TGA may prevent memory impairment by exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in AβO-injected mice. Moreover, TGA exhibited a persistent neuroprotective effect compared to memantine, reflecting an innovative profile of this promising agent against neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H B de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Erick Y M Rodrigues
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Nayara A F Dias
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Gabriela F C Ferreira
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Diego B de Carvalho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Amarith R das Neves
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Paola M V Coronel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Murilo K A Yonekawa
- Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (INBIO-UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Parisotto
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Edson A Dos Santos
- Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (INBIO-UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Albert S Souza
- Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (INBIO-UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Edgar J Paredes-Gamero
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Kamylla S de Sousa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Letícia L de Souza
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Leonardo B M Resstel
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano C M Baroni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
| | - Davi C Lagatta
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79051-470, Brazil
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14
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Xie Z, Gao Y, Tian L, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Su Y. Pemphigus and pemphigoid are associated with Alzheimer's disease in older adults: evidence from the US Nationwide inpatient sample 2016-2018. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:872. [PMID: 38114905 PMCID: PMC10731856 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pemphigus and pemphigoid are rare autoimmune skin disorders caused by autoantibodies against structural proteins and characterized by blistering of the skin and/or mucous membranes. Associations have been noted between skin diseases and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Dementia is a neurological disorder of progressive cognitive impairment with increasing incidence among older adults. This study aimed to assess the potential associations between pemphigus, pemphigoid and AD in a large, nationally representative US cohort. METHODS All data of hospitalized patients aged 60 years or older were extracted from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2016-2018. Patients with a history of head trauma, diagnosis of vascular dementia, history of cerebrovascular disease, or malformation of cerebral vessels were excluded. The study population was divided into those with and without pemphigus (cohort 1) and with and without pemphigoid (cohort 2). RESULTS Pemphigus was independently associated with a 69% increased risk of AD. Adults ≥80 years old with pemphigus were 72% more likely to develop AD than adults without pemphigus. Women with pemphigus were 78% more likely to develop AD than women without pemphigus. On the other hand, pemphigoid was independently associated with a 39% increased risk for AD and subjects ≥80 years with pemphigoid were 40% more likely to have AD than those without pemphigoid. Females with pemphigoid were 63% more likely to have AD than those without pemphigoid. Moreover, Hispanic older adults with pemphigus were 3-times more likely to have AD than those without pemphigoid. CONCLUSIONS Pemphigus and pemphigoid were both independently associated with AD in older adults, especially among females and octogenarians. Further studies addressing the etiology and mechanisms underlying these associations are highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Gao
- General Practice Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lidi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Ya'an People's Hospital, 358 Chenghou Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, 518001, No.6 Xinyuan Street, Xixiang Road, Shenzhen, 518001, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, 518001, No.6 Xinyuan Street, Xixiang Road, Shenzhen, 518001, China.
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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15
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Tyliszczak M, Wiatrak B, Danielewski M, Szeląg A, Kucharska AZ, Sozański T. Does a pickle a day keep Alzheimer's away? Fermented food in Alzheimer's disease: A review. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112332. [PMID: 37967591 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Fermented food is commonly viewed as healthy, mostly due to its probiotic and digestion-enhancing properties and recently it has been examined with regard to the development of new therapeutic and preventive measures for Alzheimer's disease. Fermented food has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and to alter the gut microbiota. However, the exact pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is still unknown and its connections to systemic inflammation and gut dysbiosis, as potential targets of fermented food, require further investigation. Therefore, to sum up the current knowledge, this article reviews recent research on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease with emphasis on the role of the gut-brain axis and studies examining the use of fermented foods. The analysis of the fermented food research includes clinical and preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies. The fermented food studies have shown promising effects on amyloid-β metabolism, inflammation, and cognitive impairment in animals and humans. Fermented food has great potential in developing new approaches to Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Tyliszczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Adam Szeląg
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alicja Z Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable, and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sozański
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Pharmacology and Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
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16
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Balakrishnan B, Arul SS, Ravindran A, Venkataraman S. Brain Virome in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Insights from Transcriptomic Data Analysis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3979-3985. [PMID: 37812144 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are chronic ailments of the central nervous system that gradually deteriorate the structures and functions of neurons. The etiologies of NDs include genetic factors, aging, infections, starvation, brain trauma, and spinal cord injury, among others. However, it is unclear whether viral infections impact the prognosis of NDs or contribute to their development. Hence, we investigated the prevalence of neurotropic viruses in brain samples by using transcriptomic data. A total of 1635 viral isolates with complete genomic information was used to investigate the incidence of 18 distinct viruses across 129 data sets from healthy and ND subjects. Our findings support the evidence pointing to the existence of a brain virome where certain viruses co-occur. We further hypothesize that distinct virome profiles are linked to different forms of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aarti Ravindran
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
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17
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Harrington EE, Graham-Engeland JE, Sliwinski MJ, Van Bogart K, Mogle JA, Katz MJ, Lipton RB, Engeland CG. Older adults' self-reported prospective memory lapses in everyday life: Connections to inflammation and gender. J Psychosom Res 2023; 174:111489. [PMID: 37690333 PMCID: PMC10591850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited research has focused on the association between inflammatory markers and features of subjective cognitive functioning among older adults. The present work examined links between inflammation and a specific subjective cognitive report: prospective memory (PM), or our memory for future intentions, such as attending an appointment or taking medication. METHOD We assessed self-reported PM lapses using a two-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) diary protocol via smartphone as well as levels of blood-based inflammation among 231 dementia-free older adults (70-90 years, 66% women) enrolled in the Einstein Aging Study. RESULTS Overall, PM lapses were largely unrelated to inflammatory markers. However, a significant gender difference was observed in the link between basal levels of interleukin (IL)-8 and PM lapses: higher levels of basal IL-8 were associated with more PM lapses among men (estimate = 0.98, 95%CI: [0.43, 1.53], p < .001) but not women (estimate = -0.03, 95%CI: [-0.45, 0.39], p = .826). No other significant relationships between PM lapses and basal or stimulated (ex vivo) cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) or C-reactive protein (CRP) emerged. CONCLUSION Elevated levels of IL-8 in older men may possibly be an early indicator of neurodegeneration that relates to PM performance. Future studies should continue to examine PM and inflammation across genders to identify possible mechanisms through which these constructs may indicate neurodegeneration and dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Harrington
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82070, USA.
| | - Jennifer E Graham-Engeland
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Karina Van Bogart
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | | | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Christopher G Engeland
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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18
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Shrestha S, Zhu X, London SJ, Sullivan KJ, Lutsey PL, Windham BG, Griswold ME, Mosley TH. Association of Lung Function With Cognitive Decline and Incident Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:1637-1646. [PMID: 37392093 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations between lung function and incident dementia and cognitive decline in 12,688 participants in the ARIC Study who provided lung function measurements in 1990-1992. Cognitive tests were administered up to 7 times, and dementia was ascertained through 2019. We used shared parameter models to jointly fit proportional hazard models and linear mixed-effect models to estimate lung-function-associated dementia rate and cognitive change, respectively. Higher forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were associated with reduced dementia (n = 2,452 persons developed dementia); hazard ratios per 1-L increase in FEV1 and FVC were 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71, 0.89) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.89), respectively. Each 1-L increase in FEV1 and FVC was associated with a 0.08-standard deviation (SD) (95% CI: 0.05, 0.12) and a 0.05-SD (95% CI: 0.02, 0.07) attenuation of 30-year cognitive decline, respectively. A 1% increase in FEV1/FVC ratio was associated with 0.008-SD (95% CI: 0.004, 0.012) less cognitive decline. We observed statistical interaction between FEV1 and FVC, suggesting that cognitive declines depended on values of specific FEV1 and FVC (as compared with FEV1, FVC, or FEV1/FVC ratio models that suggested linear incremental associations). Our findings may have important implications for reducing the burden of cognitive decline that is attributable to environmental exposures and associated lung function impairment.
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Mamsa R, Prabhavalkar KS, Bhatt LK. Crosstalk between NLRP3 inflammasome and calpain in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:3719-3731. [PMID: 37652164 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid plaques are considered to be the pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation further aggravates the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Calpains and NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are involved in the neuroinflammatory pathway and affect the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Hyperactivation of calpains is responsible for the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby affecting each other's molecular mechanism and causing astrogliosis, microgliosis, and neuronal dysfunction. Further, calpain hyperactivation is also associated with calcium homeostasis that acts as one of the triggers in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Calpain activity is required for the maturation of interleukin-1β, a key mediator of neuroinflammatory responses. The membrane potential/calcium/calpain/caspase-1 axis acts as an unconventional regulator of inflammasomes. The complex crosstalk between NLRP3 inflammasome and calpain leads to a series of events. Targeting the molecular mechanism associated with calpain-NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation can be a therapeutic and prophylactic perspective towards Alzheimer's disease. This review discusses calpains and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumaiza Mamsa
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Kedar S Prabhavalkar
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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20
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Lima FDS, Gonçalves CEDS, Fock RA. Zinc and aging: a narrative review of the effects on hematopoiesis and its link with diseases. Nutr Rev 2023:nuad115. [PMID: 37717139 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a global increase in the older population in recent decades and, as age advances, complex metabolic and epigenetic changes occur in the organism, and these may trigger some health complications commonly found among this population. Additionally, several changes occur in older people that can reduce the dietary intake or the process of nutrient absorption. In this way, tissues with high nutrient requirements are more affected. Hematopoiesis is the process of formation, development, and maturation of blood cells and is a process with a high turnover. This high demand makes the integrity of the hematopoietic process susceptible to various factors that impair physiological function, such as aging and micronutrient bioavailability. Among these micronutrients, Zinc is considered an important micronutrient, playing diverse roles across various tissues and cell types. Some of the alterations in hematopoiesis that appear as a consequence of aging and due to insufficient micronutrient intake are well described in the literature; however, not much is known about how zinc deficiency contributes towards the development of diseases seen in aging. Considering the importance of zinc to act on several biological processes, this narrative review discusses several studies related to the physiological requirements, deficiency, or excess of zinc, including studies in experimental models and humans, and aimed to shed light on the relationship between zinc and the regulation of hematopoietic tissue, exploring possible links between this mineral with common disorders that appear during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Da Silva Lima
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Ambrósio Fock
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Tang Y, Zhang D, Zheng J. Repurposing Antimicrobial Protegrin-1 as a Dual-Function Amyloid Inhibitor via Cross-seeding. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3143-3155. [PMID: 37589476 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids and antimicrobial peptides have traditionally been recognized as distinct families with separate biological functions and targets. However, certain amyloids and antimicrobial peptides share structural and functional characteristics that contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and microbial infections are interconnected pathological factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we propose and demonstrate a novel repurposing strategy for an antimicrobial peptide of protegrin-1 (PG-1), which exhibits the ability to simultaneously prevent Aβ aggregation and microbial infection both in vitro and in vivo. Through a comprehensive analysis using protein, cell, and worm assays, we uncover multiple functions of PG-1 against Aβ, including the following: (i) complete inhibition of Aβ aggregation at a low molar ratio of PG-1/Aβ = 0.25:1, (ii) disassembly of the preformed Aβ fibrils into amorphous aggregates, (iii) reduction of Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and transgenic GMC101 nematodes, and (iv) preservation of original antimicrobial activity against P.A., E.coli., S.A., and S.E. strains in the presence of Aβ. Mechanistically, the dual anti-amyloid and anti-bacterial functions of PG-1 primarily arise from its strong binding to distinct Aβ seeds (KD = 1.24-1.90 μM) through conformationally similar β-sheet associations. This work introduces a promising strategy to repurpose antimicrobial peptides as amyloid inhibitors, effectively targeting multiple pathological pathways in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Tang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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22
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Chiang W, Urban JM, Yanchik-Slade F, Stout A, Nilsson BL, Gelbard HA, Krauss TD. Hybrid Amyloid Quantum Dot Nanoassemblies to Probe Neuroinflammatory Damage. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.30.555592. [PMID: 37693630 PMCID: PMC10491264 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.555592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Various oligomeric species of amyloid-beta have been proposed to play different immunogenic roles in the cellular pathology of Alzheimer's Disease. However, investigating the role of a homogenous single oligomeric species has been difficult due to highly dynamic oligomerization and fibril formation kinetics that convert between many species. Here we report the design and construction of a quantum dot mimetic for larger spherical oligomeric amyloid species as an "endogenously" fluorescent proxy for this cytotoxic species to investigate its role in inducing inflammatory and stress response states in neuronal and glial cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Jennifer M. Urban
- Department of Chemistry, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | | | - Angela Stout
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | | | - Harris A. Gelbard
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Todd D. Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
- The Institute of Optics, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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23
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Tavasoli A, Gelman BB, Marra CM, Clifford DB, Iudicello JE, Rubin LH, Letendre SL, Tang B, Ellis RJ. Increasing Neuroinflammation Relates to Increasing Neurodegeneration in People with HIV. Viruses 2023; 15:1835. [PMID: 37766242 PMCID: PMC10536802 DOI: 10.3390/v15091835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV infection causes neuroinflammation and immune activation (NIIA) and systemic inflammation and immune activation (SIIA), which in turn drive neurodegeneration (ND). Cross-sectionally, higher levels of NIIA biomarkers correlate with increased biomarkers of ND. A more convincing confirmation would be a longitudinal demonstration. METHODS PWH in the US multisite CHARTER Aging project were assessed at a baseline visit and after 12 years using standardized evaluations. We measured a panel of 14 biomarkers of NIIA, SIIA, and ND in plasma and CSF at two time points and calculated changes from baseline to the 12-year visit. Factor analysis yielded simplified indices of NIIA, SIIA, and ND. RESULTS The CSF NIIA factor analysis yielded Factor1 loading on soluble tumor necrosis factor type-2 (sTNFR-II) and neopterin, and Factor2, loading on MCP1, soluble CD14, and IL-6. The SIIA factor analysis yielded Factor1 loading on CRP, D-dimer, and Neopterin; Factor2 loading on sTNFR-II. The ND analysis yielded Factor1 loading on Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and Aβ42; Factor2 loading on NFL. NIIA Factor1, but not Factor2, correlated with increases in CSF NFL (r = 0.370, p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS Increases in NIIA and SIIA in PWH were associated with corresponding increases in ND, suggesting that reducing neuro/systemic inflammation might slow or reverse neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Tavasoli
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Benjamin B. Gelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Christina M. Marra
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - David B. Clifford
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;
| | - Jennifer E. Iudicello
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (J.E.I.); (B.T.)
| | - Leah H. Rubin
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;
| | - Scott L. Letendre
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (J.E.I.); (B.T.)
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
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Elgazar AA, El-Domany RA, Eldehna WM, Badria FA. Theophylline-based hybrids as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors endowed with anti-inflammatory activity: synthesis, bioevaluation, in silico and preliminary kinetic studies. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25616-25634. [PMID: 37649576 PMCID: PMC10463010 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04867e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the conjugation of theophylline with different compounds of natural origin hoping to construct new hybrids with dual activity against cholinergic and inflammatory pathways as potential agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Out of 28 tested hybrids, two hybrids, acefylline-eugenol 6d and acefylline-isatin 19, were able to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at low micromolar concentration displaying IC50 values of 1.8 and 3.3 μM, respectively, when compared to the galantamine standard AChE inhibitor. Moreover, the prepared hybrids exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect against lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 and reduced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in a dose dependent manner. These hybrids demonstrated significant reductions in nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The findings of this study were further explained in light of network pharmacology analysis which suggested that AChE and nitric oxide synthase were the main targets of the most active compounds. Molecular docking studies revealed their ability to bind to the heme binding site of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS-3) and effectively occupy the active site of AChE, interacting with both the peripheral aromatic subsite and catalytic triad. Finally, the compounds demonstrated stability in simulated gastric and intestinal environments, suggesting potential absorption into the bloodstream without significant hydrolysis. These findings highlight the possible therapeutic potential of acefylline-eugenol 6d and acefylline-isatin 19 hybrids in targeting multiple pathological mechanisms involved in AD, offering promising avenues for further development as potential treatments for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Elgazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University P.O. Box 33516 Kafrelsheikh Egypt
| | - Ramadan A El-Domany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University P.O. Box 33516 Kafrelsheikh Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University P.O. Box 33516 Kafrelsheikh Egypt
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt +20-1001762927
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25
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Karkoska KA, Gollamudi J, Hyacinth HI. Molecular and environmental contributors to neurological complications in sickle cell disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1319-1332. [PMID: 37688519 PMCID: PMC10625341 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231187646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy in which affected hemoglobin polymerizes under hypoxic conditions resulting in red cell distortion and chronic hemolytic anemia. SCD affects millions of people worldwide, primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian subcontinent. Due to vaso-occlusion of sickled red cells within the microvasculature, SCD affects virtually every organ system and causes significant morbidity and early mortality. The neurological complications of SCD are particularly devastating and diverse, ranging from overt stroke to covert cerebral injury, including silent cerebral infarctions and blood vessel tortuosity. However, even individuals without evidence of neuroanatomical changes in brain imaging have evidence of cognitive deficits compared to matched healthy controls likely due to chronic cerebral hypoxemia and neuroinflammation. In this review, we first examined the biological contributors to SCD-related neurological complications and then discussed the equally important socioenvironmental contributors. We then discuss the evidence for neuroprotection from the two primary disease-modifying therapies, chronic monthly blood transfusions and hydroxyurea, and end with several experimental therapies designed to specifically target these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A Karkoska
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0525, USA
| | - Jahnavi Gollamudi
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0525, USA
| | - Hyacinth I Hyacinth
- Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0525, USA
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26
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Lutshumba J, Wilcock DM, Monson NL, Stowe AM. Sex-based differences in effector cells of the adaptive immune system during Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 184:106202. [PMID: 37330146 PMCID: PMC10481581 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) present with many challenges due to the heterogeneity of the related disease(s), making it difficult to develop effective treatments. Additionally, the progression of ADRD-related pathologies presents differently between men and women. With two-thirds of the population affected with ADRD being women, ADRD has presented itself with a bias toward the female population. However, studies of ADRD generally do not incorporate sex-based differences in investigating the development and progression of the disease, which is detrimental to understanding and treating dementia. Additionally, recent implications for the adaptive immune system in the development of ADRD bring in new factors to be considered as part of the disease, including sex-based differences in immune response(s) during ADRD development. Here, we review the sex-based differences of pathological hallmarks of ADRD presentation and progression, sex-based differences in the adaptive immune system and how it changes with ADRD, and the importance of precision medicine in the development of a more targeted and personalized treatment for this devastating and prevalent neurodegenerative condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lutshumba
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Nancy L Monson
- Department of Neurology and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Ann M Stowe
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America.
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27
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Silva AM, Preto M, Grosso C, Vieira M, Delerue-Matos C, Vasconcelos V, Reis M, Barros L, Martins R. Tracing the Path between Mushrooms and Alzheimer's Disease-A Literature Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5614. [PMID: 37513486 PMCID: PMC10384108 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well-known among neurodegenerative diseases for the decline of cognitive functions, making overall daily tasks difficult or impossible. The disease prevails as the most common form of dementia and remains without a well-defined etiology. Being considered a disease of multifactorial origin, current targeted treatments have only managed to reduce or control symptoms, and to date, only two drugs are close to being able to halt its progression. For decades, natural compounds produced by living organisms have been at the forefront of research for new therapies. Mushrooms, which are well-known for their nutritional and medicinal properties, have also been studied for their potential use in the treatment of AD. Natural products derived from mushrooms have shown to be beneficial in several AD-related mechanisms, including the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and β-secretase (BACE 1); the prevention of amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation and neurotoxicity; and the prevention of Tau expression and aggregation, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Several studies in the literature relate mushrooms to neurodegenerative diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no publication that summarizes only AD data. In this context, this review aims to link the therapeutic potential of mushrooms to AD by compiling the anti-AD potential of different mushroom extracts or isolated compounds, targeting known AD-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Silva
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.S.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Preto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (V.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Clara Grosso
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (C.G.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Mónica Vieira
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.S.); (M.V.)
- TBIO—Centro de Investigação em Saúde Translacional e Biotecnologia Médica, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (C.G.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (V.V.); (M.R.)
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Reis
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (V.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- CIMO, Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Rosário Martins
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (M.P.); (V.V.); (M.R.)
- CISA, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) contributes to most cases of dementia. Its prominent neuropathological features are the extracellular neuritic plaques and intercellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, respectively. In the past few decades, disease-modifying therapy targeting Aβ has been the focus of AD drug development. Even though it is encouraging that two of these drugs have recently received accelerated US Food and Drug Administration approval for AD treatment, their efficacy or long-term safety is controversial. Tau has received increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target, since evidence indicates that tau pathology is more associated with cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, inflammation, especially neuroinflammation, accompanies AD pathological processes and is also linked to cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a complex and tight interplay with tau pathology. Here, we review recent evidence on the interaction between tau pathology, focusing on tau post-translational modification and dissemination, and neuroinflammatory responses, including glial cell activation and inflammatory signaling pathways. Then, we summarize the latest clinical trials targeting tau and neuroinflammation. Sustained and increased inflammatory responses in glial cells and neurons are pivotal cellular drivers and regulators of the exacerbation of tau pathology, which further contributes to its worsening by aggravating inflammatory responses. Unraveling the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between tau pathology and neuroinflammation will provide new insights into the discovery and clinical translation of therapeutic targets for AD and other tau-related diseases (tauopathies). Targeting multiple pathologies and precision therapy strategies will be the crucial direction for developing drugs for AD and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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29
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Yang J, Li Y, Bhalla A, Maienschein-Cline M, Fukuchi KI. A novel co-culture model for investigation of the effects of LPS-induced macrophage-derived cytokines on brain endothelial cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288497. [PMID: 37440496 PMCID: PMC10343049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to study effects of macrophage-derived inflammatory mediators associated with systemic inflammation on brain endothelial cells, we have established a co-culture system consisting of bEnd.3 cells and LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells and performed its cytokine profiling. The cytokine profile of the co-culture model was compared to that of mice treated with intraperitoneal LPS injection. We found that, among cytokines profiled, eight cytokines/chemokines were similarly upregulated in both in vivo mouse and in vitro co-culture model. In contrast to the co-culture model, the cytokine profile of a common mono-culture system consisting of only LPS-activated bEnd.3 cells had little similarity to that of the in vivo mouse model. These results indicate that the co-culture of bEnd.3 cells with LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells is a better model than the common mono-culture of LPS-activated bEnd.3 cells to investigate the molecular mechanism in endothelial cells, by which systemic inflammation induces neuroinflammation. Moreover, fibrinogen adherence both to bEnd.3 cells in the co-culture and to brain blood vessels in a LPS-treated animal model of Alzheimer's disease increased. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first to utilize bEnd.3 cells co-cultured with LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells as an in vitro model to investigate the consequence of macrophage-derived inflammatory mediators on brain endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, United states of America
| | - Yinchuan Li
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ambuj Bhalla
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, United states of America
| | - Mark Maienschein-Cline
- Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ken-ichiro Fukuchi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, United states of America
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30
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Yang X, Ye T, He Y, Wen L, Cheng X. Qi-fu-yin attenuated cognitive disorders in 5xFAD mice of Alzheimer's disease animal model by regulating immunity. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1183764. [PMID: 37441611 PMCID: PMC10333586 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1183764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive impairment is the main symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulating evidence implicate that immunity plays an important role in AD. Here, we investigated the effect of Qi-fu-yin (QFY) on cognitive impairment and cytokine secretion of 5xFAD mice. Methods We used 2.5-month-old 5xFAD transgenic mice for behavioral tests to observe the changes in cognitive function after QFY treatment. After the behavioral experiment, the whole brain, cortex and plasma of each mouse were collected for soluble Aβ analysis, immunohistochemical experiment and cytokine analysis. Results Here we found that the treatment of QFY ameliorated the ability of object recognition, passive avoidance responses and the ability of spatial learning and memory in 5xFAD mice. The deposits of β1 - 42 and Aβ1 - 40 were alleviated and the ration of Aβ1 - 42/Aβ1 - 40 was decrease in the plasma and brain of 5xFAD mice administrated with QFY. The administration of QFY promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-5, IL-10 and G-CSF, and reduced the content of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ in plasma of 5xFAD mice. Notably, we found that the treatment of QFY decreased the concentration of CCL11 in the brain and plasma of 5xFAD mice. Conclusion This suggested that QFY improved cognition and reduced Aβ deposits in 5xFAD mice by regulating abnormal immunity in 5xFAD mice. QFY may be as a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhao Yang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tianyuan Ye
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yun He
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology and Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaorui Cheng
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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31
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Li Z, Jiang Y, Long C, Peng Q, Yue R. The gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: Implications for type 2 diabetic cognitive dysfunction. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29 Suppl 1:59-73. [PMID: 36601656 PMCID: PMC10314112 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is one of the most insidious complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can seriously affect the ability to self-monitoring of blood glucose and the quality of life in the elderly. Previous pathological studies of cognitive dysfunction have focused on neuronal dysfunction, characterized by extracellular beta-amyloid deposition and intracellular tau hyperphosphorylation. In recent years, astrocytes have been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for cognitive dysfunction and important participants in the central control of metabolism. The disorder of gut microbiota and their metabolites have been linked to a series of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The imbalance of intestinal flora has the effect of promoting the occurrence and deterioration of several diabetes-related complications. Gut microbes and their metabolites can drive astrocyte activation. AIMS We reviewed the pathological progress of DCD related to the "gut microbiota-astrocyte" axis in terms of peripheral and central inflammation, intestinal and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, systemic and brain energy metabolism disorders to deepen the pathological research progress of DCD and explore the potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION "Gut microbiota-astrocyte" axis, unique bidirectional crosstalk in the brain-gut axis, mediates the intermediate pathological process of neurocognitive dysfunction secondary to metabolic disorders in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Han Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Ya‐Yi Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Cai‐Yi Long
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Qian Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Ren‐Song Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
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Wolska N, Celikag M, Failla AV, Tarafdar A, Renné T, Torti M, Canobbio I, Pula G. Human platelets release amyloid peptides β 1-40 and β 1-42 in response to haemostatic, immune, and hypoxic stimuli. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100154. [PMID: 37222974 PMCID: PMC7614566 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platelets contain high levels of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides and have been suggested to participate in the deposition of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Objectives This study aimed to determine whether human platelets release pathogenic Aβ peptides Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 and to characterise the mechanisms regulating this phenomenon. Methods and Results Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) revealed that the haemostatic stimulus thrombin and the pro-inflammatory molecule lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce platelet release of both Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40. Notably, LPS preferentially induced the release of Aβ1-42, which was potentiated by the reduction of oxygen from atmospheric levels to physiological hypoxia. The selective β secretase (BACE) inhibitor LY2886721 showed no effect on the release of either Aβ1-40 or Aβ1-42 in our ELISA experiments. This suggested a store-and-release mechanism that was confirmed in immunostaining experiments showing co-localisation of cleaved Aβ peptides with platelet alpha granules. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that human platelets release pathogenic Aβ peptides as a result of a store-and-release mechanism rather than a de novo proteolytic event. Although further studies are required to fully characterise this phenomenon, we suggest the possibility of a role for platelets in the deposition of Aβ peptides and the formation of amyloid plaques. Interestingly, the combination of hypoxia and inflammation that we simulated in vitro with reduced oxygen tension and LPS may increase the release of fibrillogenic Aβ1-42 and, consequently, exacerbate amyloid plaque deposition in the brain of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wolska
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg (Germany)
| | - Meral Celikag
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London (UK)
| | | | - Anuradha Tarafdar
- Cancer Research Horizons, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge (UK)
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School (UEMS), Exeter (UK)
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg (Germany)
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin (Ireland)
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz (Germany)
| | - Mauro Torti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia (Italy)
| | - Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia (Italy)
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg (Germany)
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School (UEMS), Exeter (UK)
- Biomedical Institute for Multimorbidity, Hull and York Medical School (HYMS), Hull (UK)
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33
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Shaikh A, Roy H. Folate deprivation induced neuroinflammation impairs cognition. Neurosci Lett 2023; 807:137264. [PMID: 37086862 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional status is associated with many neurocognitive diseases. Folate is one of the micronutrients, and its deficiency is associated with clinical outcomes of neurological diseases. Nevertheless, molecular mechanism behind the folate deficiency induced neurological disorders are not well-known. We have hypothesized that folate-deficiency is a cardinal determinant responsible for manifestation of cognitive impairment through inflammation mediated neurodegenerative pathologies. Objective of the current study was to assess whether folate deficiency is associated with cognitive dysfunction or is merely an epiphenomenon and to identify the underlying mechanisms. We developed folate insufficient zebrafish model through intra-peritoneal treatment of methotrexate. T-maze test was carried to assess the spatial learning and memory of the fish. Higher latency of the folate-deprived zebrafishes in the T-maze test is a reflection of altered cognition. This result is supported by declined levels of dopamine and serotonin, neurotransmitters linked with learning and memory. Elevated IL-6 and CRP in peripheral blood, along with increased expression of NF-ĸB in brain indicates manifestation of neuroinflammation. Indeed, together with upregulation of maptb gene it can be implied that folate deficiency acts as a risk factor for neurodegeneration in the form of tauopathies. Furthermore, diminished localisation of synaptopodin, a protein linked to neural plasticity, suggests that neuroinflammation caused by folate deprivation hampers the plasticity of brain. Histological analysis of brain revealed the development of histopathological features including spongiform degeneration and neuronal loss in folate deprived condition. We thus conclude that folate deficiency results in NF-ĸB activation, which through multiple processes mediated by neuroinflammation could lead to cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afridi Shaikh
- Nutrigenomics and Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Hetal Roy
- Nutrigenomics and Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India.
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Twarowski B, Herbet M. Inflammatory Processes in Alzheimer's Disease-Pathomechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6518. [PMID: 37047492 PMCID: PMC10095343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most commonly diagnosed cases of senile dementia in the world. It is an incurable process, most often leading to death. This disease is multifactorial, and one factor of this is inflammation. Numerous mediators secreted by inflammatory cells can cause neuronal degeneration. Neuritis may coexist with other mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease, contributing to disease progression, and may also directly underlie AD. Although much has been established about the inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of AD, many aspects remain unexplained. The work is devoted in particular to the pathomechanism of inflammation and its role in diagnosis and treatment. An in-depth and detailed understanding of the pathomechanism of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease may help in the development of diagnostic methods for early diagnosis and may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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35
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Monteiro AR, Barbosa DJ, Remião F, Silva R. Alzheimer’s disease: insights and new prospects in disease pathophysiology, biomarkers and disease-modifying drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115522. [PMID: 36996971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases that affect millions of people worldwide, with both prevalence and incidence increasing with age. It is characterized by cognitive decline associated, specifically, with degeneration of cholinergic neurons. The problem of this disease is even more fundamental as the available therapies remain fairly limited and mainly focused on symptoms' relief. Although the aetiology of the disease remains elusive, two main pathological hallmarks are described: i) presence of neurofibrillary tangles formed by unfolded protein aggregates (hyperphosphorylated Tau protein) and ii) presence of extracellular aggregates of amyloid-beta peptide. Given the complexity surrounding the pathogenesis of the disease, several potential targets have been highlighted and interrelated upon its progression, such as oxidative stress and the accumulation of metal ions. Thus, advances have been made on the development of innovative multitarget therapeutical compounds to delay the disease progression and restore cell function. This review focuses the ongoing research on new insights and emerging disease-modifying drugs for AD treatment. Furthermore, classical and novel potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease, and their role in assisting on the improvement of targeted therapies will also be approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Monteiro
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel J Barbosa
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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36
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Ozansoy M, Mikati H, Velioglu HA, Yulug B. Exosomes: A missing link between chronic systemic inflammation and Alzheimer's disease? Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114161. [PMID: 36641928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are potent mediators of physiological and pathological processes. In Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory disorders, due to exosomes' distinctive ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, a bidirectional communication between the periphery and the central nervous system exists. Since exosomes can carry various biochemical molecules, this review investigates the role of exosomes as possible mediators between chronic systemic inflammatory diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Exosomes carry pro-inflammatory molecules generated in the periphery, travel to the central nervous system, and target glial and neuronal cells. Microglia and astrocytes then become activated, initiating chronic neuroinflammation. As the aging brain is more susceptible to such changes, this state of neuroinflammation can stimulate neuropathologies, impair amyloid-beta clearance capabilities, and generate dysregulated microRNAs that alter the expression of genes critical in Alzheimer's disease pathology. These processes, individually and collectively, become significant risk factors for the development of Alzheimer's disease.
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37
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Mucci V, Demori I, Browne CJ, Deblieck C, Burlando B. Fibromyalgia in Pregnancy: Neuro-Endocrine Fluctuations Provide Insight into Pathophysiology and Neuromodulation Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020615. [PMID: 36831148 PMCID: PMC9953487 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder with unclear pathophysiological mechanisms, which leads to challenges in patient management. In addition to pain, the disorder presents with a broad range of symptoms, such as sleep disruption, chronic fatigue, brain fog, depression, muscle stiffness, and migraine. FM has a considerable female prevalence, and it has been shown that symptoms are influenced by the menstrual cycle and periods of significant hormonal and immunological changes. There is increasing evidence that females with FM experience an aggravation of symptoms in pregnancy, particularly during the third trimester and after childbirth. In this perspective paper, we focus on the neuro-endocrine interactions that occur between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and propose that they align with our previously proposed model of FM pathogenesis based on GABAergic "weakening" in a thalamocortical neural loop system. Based on our hypothesis, we introduce the possibility of utilizing transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a non-invasive treatment potentially capable of exerting sex-specific effects on FM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Mucci
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa, 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cherylea J. Browne
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Lab, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Choi Deblieck
- Antwerp Management School, University of Antwerp, Boogkeers 5, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
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38
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Anwar MM. The emerging mechanism behind viral infections and extracellular vesicles hypotheses leading to neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology. Ibrain 2023; 9:63-71. [PMID: 37786515 PMCID: PMC10529198 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of repeated and intense research, the etiology of sudden Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms is still unclear. AD progressive pathology mainly involves neuron damage, depositions of amyloid-beta (Aβ), and hyperphosphorylated tau protein. All these defects are manifested by exaggerated cytokine storm and neuroinflammation leading to irreversible brain damage in the long term. Despite the numerous risks and drawbacks associated with AD, it is believed that there is a hidden unknown causative and predisposing factors for AD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by cells as a type of intercellular communication. Several pieces of evidence support the inclusion of viral components within EVs facilitating their penetration into the blood-brain barrier leading to neuroinflammation. In light of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic and its related neurological complications, it is mandatory to highlight the possibility and viability of viral infections such as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) on the onset of AD. Herein, the author is investigating the potential role of VZV and HSV along with highlighting the suggested route of pathogenesis entry resulting in AD manifestations. Additionally, this review aims to summarize the role of EVs in mediating the central nervous system viral infections leading to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Anwar
- Department of BiochemistryNational Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)/Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA)CairoEgypt
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39
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Gorenflo MP, Davis PB, Kendall EK, Olaker VR, Kaelber DC, Xu R. Association of Aspirin Use with Reduced Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease in Elderly Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:697-704. [PMID: 36502331 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently there are no effective therapies to prevent or halt the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multiple risk factors are involved in AD, including ischemic stroke (IS). Aspirin is often prescribed following IS to prevent blood clot formation. Observational studies have shown inconsistent findings with respect to the relationship between aspirin use and the risk of AD. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between aspirin therapy after IS and the new diagnosis of AD in elderly patients. METHODS This retrospective cohort study leveraged a large database that contains over 90 million electronic health records to compare the hazard rates of AD after IS in elderly patients prescribed aspirin versus those not prescribed aspirin after propensity-score matching for relevant confounders. RESULTS At 1, 3, and 5 years after first IS, elderly patients prescribed aspirin were less likely to develop AD than those not prescribed aspirin: Hazard Ratio = 0.78 [0.65,0.94], 0.81 [0.70,0.94], and 0.76 [0.70,0.92]. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that aspirin use may prevent AD in patients with IS, a subpopulation at high risk of developing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Gorenflo
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pamela B Davis
- Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ellen K Kendall
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Veronica R Olaker
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David C Kaelber
- The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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40
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Bohn B, Lutsey PL, Misialek JR, Walker KA, Brown CH, Hughes TM, Ishigami J, Matsushita K, Demmer RT. Incidence of Dementia Following Hospitalization With Infection Among Adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Cohort. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2250126. [PMID: 36622673 PMCID: PMC9857407 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Factors associated with the risk of dementia remain to be fully understood. Systemic infections are hypothesized to be such factors and may be targets for prevention and screening. Objective To investigate the association between hospitalization with infection and incident dementia. Design, Setting, and Participants Data from the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, a prospective cohort study, were used. Enrollment occurred at 4 research centers in the US, initiated in 1987 to 1989. The present study includes data up to 2019, for 32 years of follow-up. Data analysis was performed from April 2021 to June 2022. Exposures Hospitalizations with infections were identified via medical record review for selected International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes, from baseline until administrative censoring or dementia diagnosis. Participants were considered unexposed until first hospitalization with infection and exposed thereafter. Selected infection subtypes were also considered. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident dementia and time-to-event data were identified through surveillance of ICD-9 and ICD-10 hospitalization and death certificate codes, in-person assessments, and telephone interviews. A sensitivity analysis was conducted excluding cases occurring within 3 years or beyond 20 years from exposure. Data were collected before study hypothesis formulation. Results Of the 15 792 ARIC study participants, an analytical cohort of 15 688 participants who were dementia free at baseline and of Black or White race were selected (8658 female [55.2%]; 4210 Black [26.8%]; mean [SD] baseline age, 54.7 [5.8] years). Hospitalization with infection occurred among 5999 participants (38.2%). Dementia was ascertained in 2975 participants (19.0%), at a median (IQR) of 25.1 (22.2-29.1) years after baseline. Dementia rates were 23.6 events per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 22.3-25.0 events per 1000 person-years) among the exposed and 5.7 events per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 5.4-6.0 events per 1000 person-years) among the unexposed. Patients hospitalized with infection were 2.02 (95% CI, 1.88-2.18; P < .001) and 1.70 (95% CI, 1.55-1.86; P < .001) times more likely to experience incident dementia according to unadjusted and fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards models compared with individuals who were unexposed. When excluding individuals who developed dementia less than 3 years or more than 20 years from baseline or the infection event, the adjusted hazard ratio was 5.77 (95% CI, 4.92-6.76; P < .001). Rates of dementia were significantly higher among those hospitalized with respiratory, urinary tract, skin, blood and circulatory system, or hospital acquired infections. Multiplicative and additive interactions were observed by age and APOE-ε genotype. Conclusions and Relevance Higher rates of dementia were observed among participants who experienced hospitalization with infection. These findings support the hypothesis that infections are factors associated with higher risk of dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bohn
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
| | - Pamela L. Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
| | - Jeffrey R. Misialek
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
| | - Keenan A. Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charles H. Brown
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Junichi Ishigami
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ryan T. Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
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Abstract
Diet is an important nonpharmacological risk-modifying factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The approaches used here to assess diet's role in the risk of AD include multi-country ecological studies, prospective and cross-sectional observational studies, and laboratory studies. Ecological studies have identified fat, meat, and obesity from high-energy diets as important risk factors for AD and reported that AD rates peak about 15-20 years after national dietary changes. Observational studies have compared the Western dietary pattern with those of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean (MedDi), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. Those studies identified AD risk factors including higher consumption of saturated and total fats, meat, and ultraprocessed foods and a lower risk of AD with higher consumption of fruits, legumes, nuts, omega-3 fatty acids, vegetables, and whole grains. Diet-induced factors associated with a significant risk of AD include inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, elevated homocysteine, dietary advanced glycation end products, and trimethylamine N-oxide. The molecular mechanisms by which dietary bioactive components and specific foods affect risk of AD are discussed. Given most countries' entrenched food supply systems, the upward trends of AD rates would be hard to reverse. However, for people willing and able, a low-animal product diet with plenty of anti-inflammatory, low-glycemic load foods may be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven M. Blake
- Nutritional Neuroscience, Maui Memory Clinic, Wailuku, HI, USA
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42
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Wasiak S, Fu L, Daze E, Gilham D, Rakai BD, Stotz SC, Tsujikawa LM, Sarsons CD, Studer D, Rinker KD, Jahagirdar R, Wong NCW, Sweeney M, Johansson JO, Kulikowski E. The BET inhibitor apabetalone decreases neuroendothelial proinflammatory activation in vitro and in a mouse model of systemic inflammation. Transl Neurosci 2023; 14:20220332. [PMID: 38222824 PMCID: PMC10787226 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain vascular inflammation is characterized by endothelial activation and immune cell recruitment to the blood vessel wall, potentially causing a breach in the blood - brain barrier, brain parenchyma inflammation, and a decline of cognitive function. The clinical-stage small molecule, apabetalone, reduces circulating vascular endothelial inflammation markers and improves cognitive scores in elderly patients by targeting epigenetic regulators of gene transcription, bromodomain and extraterminal proteins. However, the effect of apabetalone on cytokine-activated brain vascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) is unknown. Here, we show that apabetalone treatment of BMVECs reduces hallmarks of in vitro endothelial activation, including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and RANTES chemokine secretion, cell surface expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecule VCAM-1, as well as endothelial capture of THP-1 monocytes in static and shear stress conditions. Apabetalone pretreatment of THP-1 downregulates cell surface expression of chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR2, and CCR5, and of the VCAM-1 cognate receptor, integrin α4. Consequently, apabetalone reduces THP-1 chemoattraction towards soluble CCR ligands MCP-1 and RANTES, and THP-1 adhesion to activated BMVECs. In a mouse model of brain inflammation, apabetalone counters lipopolysaccharide-induced transcription of endothelial and myeloid cell markers, consistent with decreased neuroendothelial inflammation. In conclusion, apabetalone decreases proinflammatory activation of brain endothelial cells and monocytes in vitro and in the mouse brain during systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Wasiak
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Li Fu
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Emily Daze
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Dean Gilham
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Brooke D. Rakai
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Stephanie C. Stotz
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Laura M. Tsujikawa
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Chris D. Sarsons
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Deborah Studer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kristina D. Rinker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ravi Jahagirdar
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Norman C. W. Wong
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
| | - Michael Sweeney
- Resverlogix Corp., 535 Mission Street, 14th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Jan O. Johansson
- Resverlogix Corp., 535 Mission Street, 14th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Ewelina Kulikowski
- Resverlogix Corp., Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3e 6L1, Canada
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Kim SH, Han K, Park J, Park DW, Moon JY, Sim YS, Kim TH, Kim SH, Sohn JW, Yoon HJ, Lee H, Choi H. Association between non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and the risk of incident dementia: A nationwide cohort study. Chron Respir Dis 2023; 20:14799731231222282. [PMID: 38100725 PMCID: PMC10725102 DOI: 10.1177/14799731231222282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, are associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, few data are available regarding the risk of dementia in individuals with bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVES To explore the association between bronchiectasis and the risk of incident dementia using a longitudinal population-based cohort. METHODS A total of 4,068,560 adults older than 50 years without previous dementia were enrolled from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database in 2009. They were followed up until the date of the diagnosis of dementia or December 31, 2020. The study exposure was the diagnosis of bronchiectasis, and the primary outcome was incident dementia comprising Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. RESULTS During the median follow-up duration of 9.3 years, the incidence of all-cause dementia was 1.6-fold higher in individuals with bronchiectasis than in those without bronchiectasis (15.0 vs. 9.3/1000 person-years, p < .001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the risk of all dementia was significantly higher in individuals with bronchiectasis than in those without bronchiectasis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.14). In a subgroup analysis by dementia type, individuals with bronchiectasis had an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease compared to those without bronchiectasis (aHR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.12); the risk of vascular dementia did not significantly differ between the two groups (aHR 1.05, 95% CI 0.90-1.21). CONCLUSION Bronchiectasis was associated with an increased risk of dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyuk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongkyu Park
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Su Sim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Won Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hayoung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Emery DC, Davies M, Cerajewska TL, Taylor J, Hazell M, Paterson A, Allen-Birt SJ, West NX. High resolution 16S rRNA gene Next Generation Sequencing study of brain areas associated with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1026260. [PMID: 36570533 PMCID: PMC9780557 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1026260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are neurodegenerative conditions characterized by incremental deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) and α-synuclein in AD and PD brain, respectively, in relatively conserved patterns. Both are associated with neuroinflammation, with a proposed microbial component for disease initiation and/or progression. Notably, Aβ and α-synuclein have been shown to possess antimicrobial properties. There is evidence for bacterial presence within the brain, including the oral pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis, with cognitive impairment and brain pathology being linked to periodontal (gum) disease and gut dysbiosis. Methods Here, we use high resolution 16S rRNA PCR-based Next Generation Sequencing (16SNGS) to characterize bacterial composition in brain areas associated with the early, intermediate and late-stage of the diseases. Results and discussion This study reveals the widespread presence of bacteria in areas of the brain associated with AD and PD pathology, with distinctly different bacterial profiles in blood and brain. Brain area profiles were overall somewhat similar, predominantly oral, with some bacteria subgingival and oronasal in origin, and relatively comparable profiles in AD and PD brain. However, brain areas associated with early disease development, such as the locus coeruleus, were substantially different in bacterial DNA content compared to areas affected later in disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mae Hazell
- Translational Health Sciences, Learning and Research, Bristol Medical School, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Paterson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol Genomics Facility, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Shelley J. Allen-Birt
- Translational Health Sciences, Learning and Research, Bristol Medical School, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola X. West
- Bristol Dental School, Bristol, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Nicola X. West,
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Ni MZ, Zhang YM, Li Y, Wu QT, Zhang ZZ, Chen J, Luo BL, Li XW, Chen GH. Environmental enrichment improves declined cognition induced by prenatal inflammatory exposure in aged CD-1 mice: Role of NGPF2 and PSD-95. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1021237. [PMID: 36479357 PMCID: PMC9720164 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1021237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research suggests that prenatal inflammatory exposure could accelerate age-related cognitive decline that may be resulted from neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction during aging. Environmental enrichment (EE) may mitigate the cognitive and synaptic deficits. Neurite growth-promoting factor 2 (NGPF2) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) play critical roles in neuroinflammation and synaptic function, respectively. METHODS We examined whether this adversity and EE exposure can cause alterations in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression. In this study, CD-1 mice received intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (50 μg/kg) or normal saline from gestational days 15-17. After weaning, half of the male offspring under each treatment were exposed to EE. The Morris water maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory at 3 and 15 months of age, whereas quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to measure hippocampal mRNA and protein levels of NGPF2 and PSD-95, respectively. Meanwhile, serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The results showed that aged mice exhibited poor spatial learning and memory ability, elevated NGPF2 mRNA and protein levels, and decreased PSD-95 mRNA and protein levels relative to their young counterparts during natural aging. Embryonic inflammatory exposure accelerated age-related changes in spatial cognition, and in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression. Additionally, the levels of Ngpf2 and Psd-95 products were significantly positively and negatively correlated with cognitive dysfunction, respectively, particularly in prenatal inflammation-exposed aged mice. Changes in serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α reflective of systemic inflammation and their correlation with cognitive decline during accelerated aging were similar to those of hippocampal NGPF2. EE exposure could partially restore the accelerated decline in age-related cognitive function and in Psd-95 expression, especially in aged mice. DISCUSSION Overall, the aggravated cognitive disabilities in aged mice may be related to the alterations in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression and in systemic state of inflammation due to prenatal inflammatory exposure, and long-term EE exposure may ameliorate this cognitive impairment by upregulating Psd-95 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Ni
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi-Tao Wu
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-Ling Luo
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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46
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Gynther M, Estrada ML, Loppi S, Korhonen P, Kanninen KM, Malm T, Koistinaho J, Auriola S, Fricker G, Puris E. Increased Expression and Activity of Brain Cortical cPLA2 Due to Chronic Lipopolysaccharide Administration in Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2438. [PMID: 36365256 PMCID: PMC9695895 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is an enzyme regulating membrane phospholipid homeostasis and the release of arachidonic acid utilized in inflammatory responses. It represents an attractive target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previously, we showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation caused abnormal lipid metabolism in the brain of a transgenic AD mouse model (APdE9), which might be associated with potential changes in cPLA2 activity. Here, we investigated changes in cPLA2 expression and activity, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations due to chronic LPS administration in the cerebral cortex of female APdE9 mice as compared to saline- and LPS-treated female wild-type mice and saline-treated APdE9 mice. The study revealed the significant effects of genotype LPS treatment on cortical cPLA2 protein expression and activity in APdE9 mice. LPS treatment resulted in nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB) activation in the cortex of APdE9 mice. The gene expressions of inflammation markers Il1b and Tnfa were significantly elevated in the cortex of both APdE9 groups compared to the wild-type groups. The study provides evidence of the elevated expression and activity of cPLA2 in the brain cortex of APdE9 mice after chronic LPS treatment, which could be associated with NFkB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Gynther
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariana Leal Estrada
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sanna Loppi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, 1656 E Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85724-5221, USA
| | - Paula Korhonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katja M. Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute for Life Science, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elena Puris
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Dakterzada F, Benítez ID, Targa A, Carnes A, Pujol M, Jové M, Mínguez O, Vaca R, Sánchez-de-la-Torre M, Barbé F, Pamplona R, Piñol-Ripoll G. Blood-based lipidomic signature of severe obstructive sleep apnoea in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:163. [PMID: 36329512 PMCID: PMC9632042 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the most frequent form of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Available evidence demonstrates that both conditions are independently associated with alterations in lipid metabolism. However, it is unknown whether the expression of lipids is different between AD patients with and without severe OSA. In this context, we examined the plasma lipidome of patients with suspected OSA, aiming to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and to provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease. Methods The study included 103 consecutive patients from the memory unit of our institution with a diagnosis of AD. The individuals were subjected to overnight polysomnography (PSG) to diagnose severe OSA (apnoea-hypopnea index ≥30/h), and blood was collected the following morning. Untargeted plasma lipidomic profiling was performed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Results We identified a subset of 44 lipids (mainly phospholipids and glycerolipids) that were expressed differently between patients with AD and severe and nonsevere OSA. Among the lipids in this profile, 30 were significantly correlated with specific PSG measures of OSA severity related to sleep fragmentation and hypoxemia. Machine learning analyses revealed a 4-lipid signature (phosphatidylcholine PC(35:4), cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid and two oxidized triglycerides (OxTG(58:5) and OxTG(62:12)) that provided an accuracy (95% CI) of 0.78 (0.69–0.86) in the detection of OSA. These same lipids improved the predictive power of the STOP-Bang questionnaire in terms of the area under the curve (AUC) from 0.61 (0.50–0.74) to 0.80 (0.70–0.90). Conclusion Our results show a plasma lipidomic fingerprint that allows the identification of patients with AD and severe OSA, allowing the personalized management of these individuals. The findings suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation are potential prominent mechanisms underlying the association between OSA and AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-022-01102-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Dakterzada
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, IRBLleida-Santa Maria Lleida University Hospital, Rovira Roure n° 44, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Iván D Benítez
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Network (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriano Targa
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Network (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Carnes
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, IRBLleida-Santa Maria Lleida University Hospital, Rovira Roure n° 44, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Montse Pujol
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Olga Mínguez
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rafi Vaca
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Group of Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa María, IRBLleida, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Network (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), E25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, IRBLleida-Santa Maria Lleida University Hospital, Rovira Roure n° 44, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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48
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De Vlieger L, Vandenbroucke RE, Van Hoecke L. Recent insights into viral infections as a trigger and accelerator in alzheimer's disease. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103340. [PMID: 35987492 PMCID: PMC9385395 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which only symptomatic medication is available, except for the recently FDA-approved aducanumab. This lack of effective treatment urges us to investigate alternative paths that might contribute to disease development. In light of the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the disturbing neurological complications seen in some patients, it is desirable to (re)investigate the viability of the viral infection theory claiming that a microbe could affect AD initiation and/or progression. Here, we review the most important evidence for this theory with a special focus on two viruses, namely HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we discuss the possible involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs). This overview will contribute to a more rational approach of potential treatment strategies for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lize De Vlieger
- Barriers in Inflammation Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- Barriers in Inflammation Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lien Van Hoecke
- Barriers in Inflammation Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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49
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Hunt NJ, Wahl D, Westwood LJ, Lockwood GP, Le Couteur DG, Cogger VC. Targeting the liver in dementia and cognitive impairment: Dietary macronutrients and diabetic therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114537. [PMID: 36115494 PMCID: PMC10125004 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Many people living with dementia and cognitive impairment have dysfunctional mitochondrial and insulin-glucose metabolism resembling type 2 diabetes mellitus and old age. Evidence from human trials shows that nutritional interventions and anti-diabetic medicines that target nutrient-sensing pathways overcome these deficits in glucose and energy metabolism and can improve cognition and/or reduce symptoms of dementia. The liver is the main organ that mediates the systemic effects of diets and many diabetic medicines; therefore, it is an intermediate target for such dementia interventions. A challenge is the efficacy of these treatments in older age. Solutions include the targeted hepatic delivery of diabetic medicines using nanotechnologies and titration of macronutrients to optimize hepatic energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Hunt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Devin Wahl
- Department of Health and Exercise Science & Centre for Healthy Aging, Colorado State University, CO 80523, United States
| | - Lara J Westwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Glen P Lockwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia.
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50
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Li M, Ma Y, Fu Y, Liu J, Hu H, Zhao Y, Huang L, Tan L. Association between air pollution and
CSF sTREM2
in cognitively normal older adults: The
CABLE
study. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1752-1763. [PMID: 36317226 PMCID: PMC9639632 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ambient air pollution aggravates the process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Currently, the exact inflammatory mechanisms underlying these links from clinical research remain largely unclear. Methods This study included 1,131 cognitively intact individuals from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE database with data provided on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers (amyloid beta‐peptide 42 [Aβ42], total tau [t‐tau], and phosphorylated tau [p‐tau]), neuroinflammatory (CSF sTREM2), and systemic inflammatory markers (high sensitivity C‐reactive protein and peripheral immune cells). The 2‐year averaged levels of ambient fine particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were estimated at each participant's residence. Multiple‐adjusted models were approached to detect associations of air pollution with inflammatory markers and AD‐related proteins. Results Ambient 2‐year averaged exposure of PM2.5 was associated with changes of neuroinflammatory markers, that is, CSF sTREM2 (β = −0.116, p = 0.0002). Similar results were found for O3 exposure among the elderly (β = −0.111, p = 0.0280) or urban population (β = −0.090, p = 0.0144). No significant evidence supported NO2 related to CSF sTREM2. For potentially causal associations with accumulated AD pathologies, the total effects of PM2.5 on CSF amyloid‐related protein (CSF Aβ42 and p‐tau/Aβ42) were partly mediated by CSF sTREM2, with proportions of 14.22% and 47.15%, respectively. Additional analyses found inverse associations between peripheral inflammatory markers with PM2.5 and NO2, but a positive correlation with O3. Interpretation These findings demonstrated a strong link between PM2.5 exposure and microglial dysfunction. Furthermore, CSF sTREM2 as a key mediator modulated the influences of PM2.5 exposure on AD amyloid pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Ya‐Hui Ma
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Jia‐Yao Liu
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - He‐Ying Hu
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yong‐Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Liang‐Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Qingdao China
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