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Yu X, Park S, Lee S, Joo SW, Choo J. Microfluidics for disease diagnostics based on surface-enhanced raman scattering detection. Nano Converg 2024; 11:17. [PMID: 38687445 PMCID: PMC11061072 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This review reports diverse microfluidic systems utilizing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection for disease diagnosis. Integrating SERS detection technology, providing high-sensitivity detection, and microfluidic technology for manipulating small liquid samples in microdevices has expanded the analytical capabilities previously confined to larger settings. This study explores the principles and uses of various SERS-based microfluidic devices developed over the last two decades. Specifically, we investigate the operational principles of documented SERS-based microfluidic devices, including continuous-flow channels, microarray-embedded microfluidic channels, droplet microfluidic channels, digital droplet channels, and gradient microfluidic channels. We also examine their applications in biomedical diagnostics. In conclusion, we summarize the areas requiring further development to translate these SERS-based microfluidic technologies into practical applications in clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Sungwoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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2
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Li G, Fan J, Zhang T, Gao T, Chong Y, Liang M, Liang S, Hu B, Yi L, Zhao L, Castel H. Honeycomb-Inspired Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Microarray for Large-Area Automated Testing of Urease in Saliva Samples. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2031-2042. [PMID: 38593209 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology, as an important analytical tool, has been widely applied in the field of chemical and biomedical sensing. Automated testing is often combined with biochemical analysis technologies to shorten the detection time and minimize human error. The present SERS substrates for sample detection are time-consuming and subject to high human error, which are not conducive to the combination of SERS and automated testing. Here, a novel honeycomb-inspired SERS microarray is designed for large-area automated testing of urease in saliva samples to shorten the detection time and minimize human error. The honeycomb-inspired SERS microarray is decorated with hexagonal microwells and a homogeneous distribution of silver nanostars. Compared with the other four common SERS substrates, the optimal honeycomb-inspired SERS microarray exhibits the best SERS performance. The RSD of 100 SERS spectra continuously collected from saliva samples is 6.56%, and the time of one detection is reduced from 5 min to 10 s. There is a noteworthy linear relationship with a R2 of 0.982 between SERS intensity and urease concentration, indicating the quantitative detection capability of the urease activity in saliva samples. The honeycomb-inspired SERS microarray, combined with automated testing, provides a new way in which SERS technology can be widely used in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqian Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinkun Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuying Chong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minghui Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shijian Liang
- Guangzhou Betop Scientific Ltd., Guangzhou 510308, Guandong, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Langlang Yi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Helene Castel
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation, University of Rouen Normandy, Mont-Saint, Aignan, 76821, France
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3
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Wang C, Weng G, Li J, Zhu J, Zhao J. A review of SERS coupled microfluidic platforms: From configurations to applications. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1296:342291. [PMID: 38401925 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems have attracted considerable attention due to their low reagent consumption, short analysis time, and ease of integration in comparison to conventional methods, but still suffer from shortcomings in sensitivity and selectivity. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers several advantages in the detection of compounds, including label-free detection at the single-molecule level, and the narrow Raman peak width for multiplexing. Combining microfluidics with SERS is a viable way to improve their detection sensitivity. Researchers have recently developed several SERS coupled microfluidic platforms with substantial potential for biomolecular detection, cellular and bacterial analysis, and hazardous substance detection. We review the current development of SERS coupled microfluidic platforms, illustrate their detection principles and construction, and summarize the latest applications in biology, environmental protection and food safety. In addition, we innovatively summarize the current status of SERS coupled multi-mode microfluidic platforms with other detection technologies. Finally, we discuss the challenges and countermeasures during the development of SERS coupled microfluidic platforms, as well as predict the future development trend of SERS coupled microfluidic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guojun Weng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jianjun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Junwu Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
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4
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Sibug-Torres SM, Grys DB, Kang G, Niihori M, Wyatt E, Spiesshofer N, Ruane A, de Nijs B, Baumberg JJ. In situ electrochemical regeneration of nanogap hotspots for continuously reusable ultrathin SERS sensors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2022. [PMID: 38448412 PMCID: PMC10917746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46097-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) harnesses the confinement of light into metallic nanoscale hotspots to achieve highly sensitive label-free molecular detection that can be applied for a broad range of sensing applications. However, challenges related to irreversible analyte binding, substrate reproducibility, fouling, and degradation hinder its widespread adoption. Here we show how in-situ electrochemical regeneration can rapidly and precisely reform the nanogap hotspots to enable the continuous reuse of gold nanoparticle monolayers for SERS. Applying an oxidising potential of +1.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl) for 10 s strips a broad range of adsorbates from the nanogaps and forms a metastable oxide layer of few-monolayer thickness. Subsequent application of a reducing potential of -0.80 V for 5 s in the presence of a nanogap-stabilising molecular scaffold, cucurbit[5]uril, reproducibly regenerates the optimal plasmonic properties with SERS enhancement factors ≈106. The regeneration of the nanogap hotspots allows these SERS substrates to be reused over multiple cycles, demonstrating ≈5% relative standard deviation over at least 30 cycles of analyte detection and regeneration. Such continuous and reliable SERS-based flow analysis accesses diverse applications from environmental monitoring to medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah May Sibug-Torres
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - David-Benjamin Grys
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Gyeongwon Kang
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Marika Niihori
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Elle Wyatt
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Nicolas Spiesshofer
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Ashleigh Ruane
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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5
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Ye Y, Wang J, Fang Z, Yan Y, Geng Y. Periodic Folded Gold Nanostructures with a Sub-10 nm Nanogap for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:10450-10458. [PMID: 38357762 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful spectroscopy technique for detection with its capacity for label-free, nondestructive analysis, and ultrasensitive characterization. High-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with homogeneity and low cost are the key factors in chemical and biomedical analysis. In this study, we propose the technique of atomic force microscopy (AFM) scratching and nanoskiving to prepare periodic folded gold (Au) nanostructures as SERS substrates. Initially, folded Au nanostructures with tunable nanogaps and periodic structures are created through the scratching of Au films by AFM, the deposition of Ag/Au films, and the cutting of epoxy resin, reducing fabrication cost and operational complexity. Periodic folded Au nanostructures show the three-dimensional nanofocusing effect, hotspot effect, and standing wave effect to generate an extremely high electromagnetic field. As a typical molecule to be tested, p-aminothiophenol has the lowest detection limit of up to 10-9 M, owing to the balance between the electromagnetic field energy concentration and the transmission loss in periodic folded Au nanostructures. Finally, by precisely controlling the periods and nanogap widths of the folded Au nanostructures, the synergistic effect of surface plasmon resonance is optimized and shows good SERS properties, providing a new strategy for the preparation of plasmonic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ye
- The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Robotics Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jiqiang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Robotics Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Fang
- The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Robotics Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yongda Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Robotics Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yanquan Geng
- The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Robotics Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
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6
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Zheng P, Raj P, Wu L, Mizutani T, Szabo M, Hanson WA, Barman I. Quantitative Detection of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Patient Samples with a Nanomechanical Single-Antibody Spectro-Immunoassay. Small 2024; 20:e2305110. [PMID: 37752776 PMCID: PMC10922205 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Functional disorders of the thyroid remain a global challenge and have profound impacts on human health. Serving as the barometer for thyroid function, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is considered the single most useful test of thyroid function. However, the prevailing TSH immunoassays rely on two types of antibodies in a sandwich format. The requirement of repeated incubation and washing further complicates the issue, making it unable to meet the requirements of the shifting public health landscape that demands rapid, sensitive, and low-cost TSH tests. Herein, a systematic study is performed to investigate the clinical translational potential of a single antibody-based biosensing platform for the TSH test. The biosensing platform leverages Raman spectral variations induced by the interaction between a TSH antigen and a Raman molecule-conjugated TSH antibody. In conjunction with machine learning, it allows TSH concentrations in various patient samples to be predicted with high accuracy and precision, which is robust against substrate-to-substrate, intra-substrate, and day-to-day variations. It is envisioned that the simplicity and generalizability of this single-antibody immunoassay coupled with the demonstrated performance in patient samples pave the way for it to be widely applied in clinical settings for low-cost detection of hormones, other molecular biomarkers, DNA, RNA, and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Piyush Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Lintong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Takayuki Mizutani
- Beckman Coulter Diagnostics – Immunoassay Business Unit, 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr, Chaska, MN 55318
| | - Miklos Szabo
- Beckman Coulter Diagnostics – Immunoassay Business Unit, 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr, Chaska, MN 55318
| | - William A. Hanson
- Beckman Coulter Diagnostics – Immunoassay Business Unit, 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr, Chaska, MN 55318
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
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7
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Liu H, Liu Z, Xiao J, Liu X, Jiang H, Wang X. Photo-induced Oriented Crystallization of Intracellular Nanocrystals Based on Phase Separation for Diagnostic Bioimaging and Analysis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303248. [PMID: 38272459 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Biomineral crystals form complex nonequilibrium structures based on the multistep nucleation theory, via transient amorphous precursors. However, the intricate nature of the biological system results in the inconsistent frequency of nucleation and crystallization, which making it problematic to obtain homogeneous nanocrystals, limits their application in biomedicine. Here, it is reported that homogeneous nanocrystals of photoinduced oriented crystallization with protein coronas are based on intracellular liquid-liquid phase separation for in situ analysis and mapping of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Near-infrared light promotes the formation of intracellular dense phases, accelerates the nucleation of gold atoms at secondary structure sites of proteins, and promotes the growth of crystals. Homogeneous gold nanocrystals with stable SERS signals can be used to analysis different cell cycles and acquire in situ molecular information of metastatic tumor cells. Of note are tag molecule is embedded in protein coronas of gold nanocrystals to enable the mapping of patient tumor tissue samples and the portable recognition of tumor cells. Thus, this study proposes a new strategy for biomineralization of intracellular homogeneous gold nanocrystals and its potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
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Zhao Y, Kumar A, Yang Y. Unveiling practical considerations for reliable and standardized SERS measurements: lessons from a comprehensive review of oblique angle deposition-fabricated silver nanorod array substrates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1004-1057. [PMID: 38116610 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00540b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an exponential growth in the number of publications focusing on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), primarily driven by advancements in nanotechnology and the increasing demand for chemical and biological detection. While many of these publications have focused on the development of new substrates and detection-based applications, there is a noticeable lack of attention given to various practical issues related to SERS measurements and detection. This review aims to fill this gap by utilizing silver nanorod (AgNR) SERS substrates fabricated through the oblique angle deposition method as an illustrative example. The review highlights and addresses a range of practical issues associated with SERS measurements and detection. These include the optimization of SERS substrates in terms of morphology and structural design, considerations for measurement configurations such as polarization and the incident angle of the excitation laser, and exploration of enhancement mechanisms encompassing both intrinsic properties induced by the structure and materials, as well as extrinsic factors arising from wetting/dewetting phenomena and analyte size. The manufacturing and storage aspects of SERS substrates, including scalable fabrication techniques, contamination control, cleaning procedures, and appropriate storage methods, are also discussed. Furthermore, the review delves into device design considerations, such as well arrays, flow cells, and fiber probes, and explores various sample preparation methods such as drop-cast and immersion. Measurement issues, including the effect of excitation laser wavelength and power, as well as the influence of buffer, are thoroughly examined. Additionally, the review discusses spectral analysis techniques, encompassing baseline removal, chemometric analysis, and machine learning approaches. The wide range of AgNR-based applications of SERS, across various fields, is also explored. Throughout the comprehensive review, key lessons learned from collective findings are outlined and analyzed, particularly in the context of detailed SERS measurements and standardization. The review also provides insights into future challenges and perspectives in the field of SERS. It is our hope that this comprehensive review will serve as a valuable reference for researchers seeking to embark on in-depth studies and applications involving their own SERS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Yanjun Yang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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9
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Xu Y, Chen R, Jiang S, Zhou L, Jiang T, Gu C, Ang DS, Petti L, Zhang Q, Shen X, Han J, Zhou J. Insights into the Semiconductor SERS Activity: The Impact of the Defect-Induced Energy Band Offset and Electron Lifetime Change. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:42026-42036. [PMID: 37612785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The significant boost in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by the chemical enhancement of semiconducting oxides is a pivotal finding. It offers a prospective path toward high uniformity and low-cost SERS substrates. However, a detailed understanding of factors that influence the charge transfer process is still insufficient. Herein, we reveal the important role of defect-induced band offset and electron lifetime change in SERS evolution observed in a MoO3 oxide semiconductor. By modulating the density of oxygen vacancy defects using ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, SERS is found to be improved with irradiation time in the first place, but such improvement later deteriorates for prolonged irradiation even if more defects are generated. Insights into the observed SERS evolution are provided by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy measurements. Results reveal that (1) a suitable offset between the energy band of the substrate and the orbitals of molecules is facilitated by a certain defect density and (2) defect states with relatively long electron lifetime are essential to achieve optimal SERS performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Xu
- Institute of Photonics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
| | - Renli Chen
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shenlong Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Centre for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems-ISASI, CNR, via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli Italy
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute of Photonics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
| | - Chenjie Gu
- Institute of Photonics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
| | - Diing Shenp Ang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | - Lucia Petti
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems-ISASI, CNR, via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli Italy
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Shen
- Institute of Photonics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
| | - Jiaguang Han
- Centre for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Photonics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P. R. China
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10
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Tycova A, Prikryl J, Hemzal D. Capillary electrophoresis and Raman: Can we ever expect light at the end of the tunnel? Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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11
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Fang G, Lin X, Liang X, Wu J, Xu W, Hasi W, Dong B. Machine Learning-Driven 3D Plasmonic Cavity-in-Cavity Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Platform with Triple Synergistic Enhancement Toward Label-Free Detection of Antibiotics in Milk. Small 2022; 18:e2204588. [PMID: 36161767 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique with ultrahigh sensitivity has gained attention to meet the increasing demands for food safety analysis. The integration of machine learning and SERS facilitates the practical applicability of sensing devices. In this study, a machine learning-driven 3D plasmonic cavity-in-cavity (CIC) SERS platform is proposed for sensitive and quantitative detection of antibiotics. The platform is prepared by transferring truncated concave nanocubes (NCs) to an obconical-shaped template surface. Owing to the triple synergistic enhancement effect, the highly ordered 3D CIC arrays improve the simulated electromagnetic field intensity and experimental SERS activity, demonstrating a 33.1-fold enhancement compared to a typical system consisting of Au NCs deposited on a flat substrate. The integration of machine learning and Raman spectroscopy eliminates subjective judgments on the concentration of detectors using a single feature peak and achieves accurate identification. The machine learning-driven CIC SERS platform is capable of detecting ampicillin traces in milk with a detection limit of 0.1 ppm, facilitating quantitative analysis of different concentrations of ampicillin. Therefore, the proposed platform has potential applications in food safety monitoring, health care, and environmental sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Fang
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tuneable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Xiu Liang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jinlei Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Wuliji Hasi
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tuneable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
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12
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Wagner M, Seifert A, Liz-Marzán LM. Towards multi-molecular surface-enhanced infrared absorption using metal plasmonics. Nanoscale Horiz 2022; 7:1259-1278. [PMID: 36047407 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00276k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) leads to a largely improved detection of polar molecules, compared to standard infrared absorption. The enhancement principle is based on localized surface plasmon resonances of the substrate, which match the frequency of molecular vibrations in the analyte of interest. Therefore, in practical terms, the SEIRA sensor needs to be tailored to each specific analyte. We review SEIRA sensors based on metal plasmonics for the detection of biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. We further focus this review on chemical SEIRA sensors, with potential applications in quality control, as well as on the improvement in sensor geometry that led to the development of multiresonant SEIRA substrates as sensors for multiple analytes. Finally, we give an introduction into the integration of SEIRA sensors with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Wagner
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- CIC nanoGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Andreas Seifert
- CIC nanoGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 43009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 43009 Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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13
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Zheng P, Wu L, Raj P, Mizutani T, Szabo M, Hanson WA, Barman I. A Dual-Modal Single-Antibody Plasmonic Spectro-Immunoassay for Detection of Small Molecules. Small 2022; 18:e2200090. [PMID: 35373504 PMCID: PMC9302383 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules play a pivotal role in regulating physiological processes and serve as biomarkers to uncover pathological conditions and the effects of therapeutic treatments. However, it remains a significant challenge to detect small molecules given the size as compared to macromolecules. Recently, the newly emerging plasmonic immunoassays based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offer great promise to deliver extraordinary sensitivity. Nevertheless, they are limited by the intrinsic SERS intensity fluctuations associated with the SERS uncertainty principle. The single transducer that relies on the intensity change is also prone to false signals. Additionally, the prevailing sandwich immunoassay format proves less effective towards detecting small molecules. To circumvent these critical issues, a dual-modal single-antibody approach that synergizes both the intensity and shift of the peak-based immunoassay with Raman enhancement, coined as the INSPIRE assay, is developed for small molecules detection. With two independent transduction mechanisms, it allows better prediction of analyte concentration and attenuation of signal artifacts, providing a new and robust strategy for molecular analysis. With a proof-of-concept demonstration for detection of free T4 and testosterone in serum matrix, the authors envision that the INSPIRE assay could be expanded for a wide spectrum of applications in biomedical diagnosis, discovery of new biopharmaceuticals, food safety, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Lintong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Piyush Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Takayuki Mizutani
- Beckman Coulter Diagnostics – Immunoassay Business Unit, 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr, Chaska, MN 55318
| | - Miklos Szabo
- Beckman Coulter Diagnostics – Immunoassay Business Unit, 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr, Chaska, MN 55318
| | - William A. Hanson
- Beckman Coulter Diagnostics – Immunoassay Business Unit, 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr, Chaska, MN 55318
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
- To whom the correspondence should be addressed.
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14
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Plou J, Valera PS, García I, de Albuquerque CDL, Carracedo A, Liz-Marzán LM. Prospects of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Biomarker Monitoring toward Precision Medicine. ACS Photonics 2022; 9:333-350. [PMID: 35211644 PMCID: PMC8855429 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Future precision medicine will be undoubtedly sustained by the detection of validated biomarkers that enable a precise classification of patients based on their predicted disease risk, prognosis, and response to a specific treatment. Up to now, genomics, transcriptomics, and immunohistochemistry have been the main clinically amenable tools at hand for identifying key diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. However, other molecular strategies, including metabolomics, are still in their infancy and require the development of new biomarker detection technologies, toward routine implementation into clinical diagnosis. In this context, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has been recognized as a promising technology for clinical monitoring thanks to its high sensitivity and label-free operation, which should help accelerate the discovery of biomarkers and their corresponding screening in a simpler, faster, and less-expensive manner. Many studies have demonstrated the excellent performance of SERS in biomedical applications. However, such studies have also revealed several variables that should be considered for accurate SERS monitoring, in particular, when the signal is collected from biological sources (tissues, cells or biofluids). This Perspective is aimed at piecing together the puzzle of SERS in biomarker monitoring, with a view on future challenges and implications. We address the most relevant requirements of plasmonic substrates for biomedical applications, as well as the implementation of tools from artificial intelligence or biotechnology to guide the development of highly versatile sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Plou
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research
and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Pablo S. Valera
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research
and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Isabel García
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research
and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology
Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Cancer (CIBERONC), 48160, Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Translational
Prostate Cancer Research Lab, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE, Basque Research
and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Biomedical
Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- E-mail:
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15
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Panneerselvam R, Sadat H, Höhn EM, Das A, Noothalapati H, Belder D. Microfluidics and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, a win-win combination? Lab Chip 2022; 22:665-682. [PMID: 35107464 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous development in nanoscience and nanotechnology, analytical techniques like surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) render structural and chemical information of a variety of analyte molecules in ultra-low concentration. Although this technique is making significant progress in various fields, the reproducibility of SERS measurements and sensitivity towards small molecules are still daunting challenges. In this regard, microfluidic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (MF-SERS) is well on its way to join the toolbox of analytical chemists. This review article explains how MF-SERS is becoming a powerful tool in analytical chemistry. We critically present the developments in SERS substrates for microfluidic devices and how these substrates in microfluidic channels can improve the SERS sensitivity, reproducibility, and detection limit. We then introduce the building materials for microfluidic platforms and their types such as droplet, centrifugal, and digital microfluidics. Finally, we enumerate some challenges and future directions in microfluidic SERS. Overall, this article showcases the potential and versatility of microfluidic SERS in overcoming the inherent issues in the SERS technique and also discusses the advantage of adding SERS to the arsenal of microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapandiyan Panneerselvam
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India.
| | - Hasan Sadat
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Höhn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anish Das
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hemanth Noothalapati
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
- Raman Project Center for Medical and Biological Applications, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Lin S, Guan H, Liu Y, Huang S, Li J, Hasi W, Xu Y, Zou J, Dong B. Binary Plasmonic Assembly Films with Hotspot-Type-Dependent Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:53289-53299. [PMID: 34704435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tuning and controlling the plasmon coupling of noble metal nanoparticles are significant for enhancing their near-field and far-field responses. In this work, a novel heterogeneous plasmonic assembly with a controllable hot spot model was proposed by the conjugation of Au nanospheres (NSs) and Au@Ag core-shell nanocube (NC) films. Three hotspot configurations including point-to-point type, point-to-facet type, and facet-to-facet type were fabricated and transformed simply by adjusting the doping ratio of nanoparticles in the co-assembly film. Expectedly, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) property and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance of the binary assembly film exhibit distinct diversity due to the change in the hotspot conformation. Interestingly, the point-to-facet hotspot in hybrid assembly films can provide the most extraordinary enhancement for SERS behavior compared with single-component Au NS and Au@Ag NC plasmonic assemblies, which is further confirmed by the finite-different time-domain simulation results of dimer nanostructures. In addition, the two-dimensional binary assemblies of Au NS doping in Au@Ag NCs with excellent sensitivity and high reproducibility were successfully applied in the identification of ketamine. This work opens a new avenue toward the fabrication of plasmonic metal materials with collective LSPR properties and sensitive SERS behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lin
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials&Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Haoyu Guan
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials&Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials&Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Shinian Huang
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials&Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Junming Li
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials&Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Wuliji Hasi
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yizhuo Xu
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jixin Zou
- The Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials&Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Gallego I, Plou J, Pedraz JL, Liz-Marzán LM, Ciriza J, García I. SERS monitoring of local pH in encapsulated therapeutic cells. Nanoscale 2021; 13:14354-14362. [PMID: 34477718 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation of therapeutic cells has widely advanced toward the development of treatments for various diseases, in particular seeking the protection of cell transplants from immune rejection. However, several challenges in cell therapy remain due to the lack of suitable methods to monitor in vivo microcapsule tracking, microcapsule stability and/or altered cell viability and proliferation upon transplantation. We propose in this work the incorporation of contrast agents in microcapsules, which can be easily visualized by SERS imaging. By placing SERS probes in the alginate extracellular layer, a high contrast can be obtained with negligible toxicity. Specifically, we used a pH-sensitive SERS tracking probe consisting of gold nanostars encoded with a pH-sensitive Raman-active molecule, and protected by a layer of biocompatible polymer coating, grafted on the nanoparticles via electrostatic interactions. This nanomaterial is highly sensitive within the biologically relevant pH range, 5.5-7.8. We demonstrate that this SERS-based pH sensor can provide information about cell death of microencapsulated cells, in a non-invasive manner. As a result, we expect that this approach should provide a general strategy to study biological interactions at the microcapsule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
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