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Rassolov P, Ali J, Siegrist T, Humayun M, Mohammadigoushki H. Magnetophoresis of paramagnetic metal ions in porous media. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2496-2508. [PMID: 38385969 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01607b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
We report a numerical investigation of the magnetophoresis of solutions containing paramagnetic metal ions. Using a simulated magnetic field of a superconducting magnet and the convection-diffusion model, we study the transport of transition metal salts through a porous medium domain. In particular, through a detailed comparison of the numerical results of magnetophoretic velocity and ion concentration profiles with prior published experiments, we validate the model. Subsequent to model validation, we perform a systematic analysis of the model parameters on the magnetophoresis of metal ions. Magnetophoresis is quantified with a magnetic Péclet number Pem. Under a non-uniform magnetic field, Pem initially rises, exhibiting a local maximum, and subsequently declines towards a quasi-steady value. Our results show that both the initial and maximum Pem values increase with increasing magnetic susceptibility, initial concentration of metal solutes, and ion cluster size. Conversely, Pem decreases as the porosity of the medium increases. Finally, the adsorption of metal salts onto the porous media surface is modeled through a dimensionless Damkohler number Daad. Our results suggest that the adsorption significantly slows the magnetophoresis and self-diffusion of the paramagnetic metal salts, with a net magnetophoresis velocity dependent on the kinetics and equilibrium adsorption properties of the metal salts. The latter result underscores the crucial role of adsorption in future magnetophoresis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rassolov
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Jamel Ali
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Theo Siegrist
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Munir Humayun
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Hadi Mohammadigoushki
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
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2
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Philip J. Magnetic nanofluids (Ferrofluids): Recent advances, applications, challenges, and future directions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 311:102810. [PMID: 36417827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impelled by the need to find solutions to new challenges of modern technologies new materials with unique properties are being explored. Among various new materials that emerged over the decades, magnetic fluids exhibiting interesting physiochemical properties (optical, thermal, magnetic, rheological, apparent density, etc.) under a magnetic stimulus have been at the forefront of research. In the initial phase, there has been a fervent scientific curiosity to understand the field-induced intriguing properties of such fluids but later a plethora of technological applications emerged. Magnetic nanofluid, popularly known as ferrofluid, is a colloidal suspension of fine magnetic nanoparticles, has been at the forefront of research because of its magnetically tunable physicochemical properties and applications. Due to their stimuli-responsive behaviour, they have been finding more applications in biology and other engineering disciplines in recent years. Therefore, a critical review of this topic highlighting the necessary background, the potential of this material for emerging technologies, and the latest developments is warranted. This review also provides a summary of various applications, along with the key challenges and future research directions. The first part of the review addresses the different types of magnetic fluids, the genesis of magnetic fluids, their synthesis methodologies, properties, and stabilization techniques are discussed in detail. The second part of the review highlights the applications of magnetic nanofluids and nanoemulsions (as model systems) in probing order-disorder transitions, scattering, diffraction, magnetically reconfigurable internal structures, molecular interaction, and weak forces between colloidal particles, conformational changes of macromolecules at interfaces and polymer-surfactant complexation at the oil-water interface. The last part of the review summarizes the interesting applications of magnetic fluids such as heat transfer, sensors (temperature, pH, urea detection, cations, defect detection sensors), tunable optical filters, removal of dyes, dynamic seals, magnetic hyperthermia-based cancer therapy and other biomedical applications. The applications of magnetic nanofluids in diverse disciplines are growing day by day, yet there are challenges in their practical adaptation as field-worthy or packaged products. This review provides a pedagogical description of magnetic fluids, with the necessary background, key concepts, physics, experimental protocols, design of experiments, challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Philip
- Smart Materials Section, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India.
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Tan YW, Leong SS, Lim J, Yeoh WM, Toh PY. Low‐gradient magnetic separation of magnetic nanoparticles under continuous flow: Experimental study, transport mechanism and mathematical modelling. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:2234-2249. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Win Tan
- Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar Perak Malaysia
| | - Sim Siong Leong
- Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar Perak Malaysia
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar Perak Malaysia
| | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal Penang Malaysia
| | - Wei Ming Yeoh
- Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar Perak Malaysia
| | - Pey Yi Toh
- Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar Perak Malaysia
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Ng SSY, Walker DM, Hawkins JM, Khan SA. 3D-printed capillary force trap reactors (CFTRs) for multiphase catalytic flow chemistry. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00462j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Figure of 3D illustration of a capillary trap force reactor (CFTR) with transiently trapped liquid nanoparticle catalysts in dimple-shaped capillary traps in the presence of a gas–liquid segmented flow, for the hydrogenation of 1-hexene to n-hexane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella S. Y. Ng
- Pfizer Asia Manufacturing Pte Ltd, Manufacturing Technology Development Centre (MTDC), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - David M. Walker
- Pfizer Asia Manufacturing Pte Ltd, Manufacturing Technology Development Centre (MTDC), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Joel M. Hawkins
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA
| | - Saif A. Khan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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Ren J, Zhu Z, Qiu Y, Yu F, Zhou T, Ma J, Zhao J. Enhanced adsorption performance of alginate/MXene/CoFe 2O 4 for antibiotic and heavy metal under rotating magnetic field. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131284. [PMID: 34186224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving the adsorption performance with simple and strong applicability has always been a research hotspot in water treatment. This study introduces sodium alginate/MXene/CoFe2O4 (SA/MX/CFO) as functional composite materials by sodium alginate cross-linking and as adsorbents in the removal of contaminations with an external magnetic field (MF). SA/MX/CFO beads exhibited excellent mechanical properties, with fracture stress of 1.64 MPa at 73.4%, and an elastic modulus of 2.23 MPa. The isotherm fitting chose Cu2+ and CIP as the model pollutants, the isotherm fitting shows that the adsorption capacity of CIP is significantly improved by 24.2%.The magnetic effect of the adsorption capacity of Cu2+ is not obvious, which indicated the selectivity for adsorption; however, the adsorption rates of CIP and Cu2+ are greatly improved by 359.76% and 371% respectively. Promoting materials transfer rate, changing of hydrogen bond, and surface functional group reactivity is the key to determine the adsorption enhancement with a rotating magnetic field (RMF). The combination of the external magnetic field and the inherent magnetic properties of the adsorbent can adjust the adsorption process and the selectivity of pollutants. It also provides an innovative and practical method for MF to remediate contaminants in the magnetically enhanced adsorption system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianran Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Yanling Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, PR China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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Cursi L, Vercellino S, McCafferty MM, Sheridan E, Petseva V, Adumeau L, Dawson KA. Multifunctional superparamagnetic nanoparticles with a fluorescent silica shell for the in vitro study of bio-nano interactions at the subcellular scale. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16324-16338. [PMID: 34570135 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04582b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high level of interest in bio-nano interactions, detailed intracellular mechanisms that govern nanoscale recognition and signalling still need to be unravelled. Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are valuable tools for elucidating complex intracellular bio-nano interactions. Using magnetic NPs, it is possible to isolate cell compartments that the particles interact with during intracellular trafficking. Studies at the subcellular scale rely heavily on optical microscopy; therefore, combining the advantages of magnetic recovery with excellent imaging properties to allow intracellular NP tracking is of utmost interest for the nanoscience field. However, it is a challenge to prepare highly magnetic NPs with a suitable fluorescence for the fluorescence imaging techniques typically used for biological studies. Here we present the synthesis of biocompatible multifunctional superparamagnetic multicore NPs with a bright fluorescent silica shell. The incorporation of an organic fluorophore in the silica surrounding the magnetic multicore was optimised to enable the particles to be tracked with the most common imaging techniques. To prevent dye loss resulting from silica dissolution in biological environments, which would reduce the time that the particles could be tracked, we added a thin dense encapsulating silica layer to the NPs which is highly stable in biological media. The synthesised multifunctional nanoparticles were evaluated in cell uptake experiments in which their intracellular location could be clearly identified using fluorescence imaging microscopy, even after 3 days. The magnetic properties of the iron oxide core enabled both efficient recovery of the NPs from the intracellular environment and the extraction of cell compartments involved in their intracellular trafficking. Thus, the NPs reported here provide a promising tool for the study of the processes regulating bio-nano interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cursi
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Silvia Vercellino
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Mura M McCafferty
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Emily Sheridan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Vanya Petseva
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Laurent Adumeau
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Efficient Dye Degradation via Catalytic Persulfate Activation using Iron Oxide-Manganese Oxide Core-Shell Particle Doped with Transition Metal Ions. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Bakhteeva I, Medvedeva I, Zhakov S, Byzov I, Filinkova M, Uimin M, Murzakaev A. Magnetic separation of water suspensions containing TiO2 photocatalytic nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Lee G, Song J, Han H, Kwon D, Park J, Jeon S, Jeong S, Kim S. Zwitterion-Coated Colloidal Magnetic Nanoparticle Clusters for Reduced Nonspecific Adsorption of Biomolecules. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1052-1057. [PMID: 34048217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates fabrication of silica-shell-coated magnetic nanoparticle clusters (SMNCs) and subsequent surface engineering of SMNCs to produce surface-modified SMNCs that have zwitterionic and primary amine ligands (SMNC-ZW/Am). SMNC-ZW/Am was passivated by zwitterionic ligands for improved colloidal stability and reduced nonspecific adsorption and by primary amine ligands for facilitated conjugation with biomolecules. Hydrodynamic (HD) size and zeta potential of SMNC-ZW/Am could be flexibly tuned by controlling the relative amounts of zwitterionic and primary amine ligands. SMNC-ZW/Am had higher colloidal stability in high salt concentration and broad pH range than did bare SMNC. Nonspecific adsorption with biomolecules onto SMNC-ZW/Am surface was significantly suppressed by the zwitterionic ligands. The facile bioconjugation capability of SWNC-ZW/Am enabled conjugation of biotin and antibody to the SWNC-ZW/Am surface. Biomolecule-conjugated SMNC-ZW/Am showed specific binding affinity to streptavidin and Salmonella bacteria, with reduced nonspecific adsorption; therefore, SWMC-ZW/Am has potential use as an antifouling nanosubstrate for separation and bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyudong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jaejung Song
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Donghoon Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Joonhyuck Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sangmin Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sanghwa Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea.,School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Sungjee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea.,School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
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10
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Sheridan E, Vercellino S, Cursi L, Adumeau L, Behan JA, Dawson KA. Understanding intracellular nanoparticle trafficking fates through spatiotemporally resolved magnetic nanoparticle recovery. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2397-2410. [PMID: 36134166 PMCID: PMC9419038 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01035a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The field of nanomedicine has the potential to be a game-changer in global health, with possible applications in prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutics. However, despite extensive research focus and funding, the forecasted explosion of novel nanomedicines is yet to materialize. We believe that clinical translation is ultimately hampered by a lack of understanding of how nanoparticles really interact with biological systems. When placed in a biological environment, nanoparticles adsorb a biomolecular layer that defines their biological identity. The challenge for bionanoscience is therefore to understand the evolution of the interactions of the nanoparticle-biomolecules complex as the nanoparticle is trafficked through the intracellular environment. However, to progress on this route, scientists face major challenges associated with isolation of specific intracellular compartments for analysis, complicated by the diversity of trafficking events happening simultaneously and the lack of synchronization between individual events. In this perspective article, we reflect on how magnetic nanoparticles can help to tackle some of these challenges as part of an overall workflow and act as a useful platform to investigate the bionano interactions within the cell that contribute to this nanoscale decision making. We discuss both established and emerging techniques for the magnetic extraction of nanoparticles and how they can potentially be used as tools to study the intracellular journey of nanomaterials inside the cell, and their potential to probe nanoscale decision-making events. We outline the inherent limitations of these techniques when investigating particular bio-nano interactions along with proposed strategies to improve both specificity and resolution. We conclude by describing how the integration of magnetic nanoparticle recovery with sophisticated analysis at the single-particle level could be applied to resolve key questions for this field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sheridan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Silvia Vercellino
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Lorenzo Cursi
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Laurent Adumeau
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - James A Behan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
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11
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Ye H, Wang Y, Liu X, Xu D, Yuan H, Sun H, Wang S, Ma X. Magnetically steerable iron oxides-manganese dioxide core-shell micromotors for organic and microplastic removals. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 588:510-521. [PMID: 33429347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Because of micro/nanoscale manipulation and task-performing capability, micro/nanomotors (MNMs) have attracted lots of research interests for potential applications in biomedical and environmental applications. Owing to the low-cost, good motion behavior, and environmental friendliness, various low-cost metal oxides based MNMs become promising alternatives to the precious metal based MNMs, in particular for environmental remediation applications. Hereby, we demonstrate the facile and scalable fabrication of two types of bubble-propelled iron oxides-MnO2 core-shell micromotors (Fe3O4-MnO2 and Fe2O3-MnO2) for pollutant removal. The Fe2O3-MnO2 micromotor exhibits efficient removals of both aqueous organics and suspended microplastics via the synergy of catalytic degradation, surface adsorption, and adsorptive bubbles separations mechanisms. The adsorptive bubbles separation achieved more than 10% removal of the suspended microplastics from the polluted water in 2 h. We clarified the major contributions of different remediation mechanisms in pollutants removals, and the findings may be beneficial to a wide range of environmental applications of MNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongqi Sun
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Xing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen 518050, China.
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12
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Oil-absorbent MnOx capped iron oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and applications in oil recovery. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Super-hydrophobic Fe3O4@SiO2@MPS nanoparticles for oil remediation: The influence of pH and concentration on clustering phenomenon and oil sorption. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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14
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Leong SS, Ahmad Z, Low SC, Camacho J, Faraudo J, Lim J. Unified View of Magnetic Nanoparticle Separation under Magnetophoresis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8033-8055. [PMID: 32551702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The migration process of magnetic nanoparticles and colloids in solution under the influence of magnetic field gradients, which is also known as magnetophoresis, is an essential step in the separation technology used in various biomedical and engineering applications. Many works have demonstrated that in specific situations, separation can be performed easily with the weak magnetic field gradients created by permanent magnets, a process known as low-gradient magnetic separation (LGMS). Due to the level of complexity involved, it is not possible to understand the observed kinetics of LGMS within the classical view of magnetophoresis. Our experimental and theoretical investigations in the last years unravelled the existence of two novel physical effects that speed up the magnetophoresis kinetics and explain the observed feasibility of LGMS. Those two effects are (i) cooperative magnetophoresis (due to the cooperative motion of strongly interacting particles) and (ii) magnetophoresis-induced convection (fluid dynamics instability originating from inhomogeneous magnetic gradients). In this feature article, we present a unified view of magnetophoresis based on the extensive research done on these effects. We present the physical basis of each effect and also propose a classification of magnetophoresis into four distinct regimes. This classification is based on the range of values of two dimensionless quantities, namely, aggregation parameter N* and magnetic Grashof number Grm, which include all of the dependency of LGMS on various physical parameters (such as particle properties, thermodynamic parameters, fluid properties, and magnetic field properties). This analysis provides a holistic view of the classification of transport mechanisms in LGMS, which could be particularly useful in the design of magnetic separators for engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sim Siong Leong
- Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Perak, Malaysia
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Chun Low
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Juan Camacho
- Departament de Física, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Faraudo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), C/dels Til.lers s/n, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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15
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Schwaminger SP, Fraga-García P, Eigenfeld M, Becker TM, Berensmeier S. Magnetic Separation in Bioprocessing Beyond the Analytical Scale: From Biotechnology to the Food Industry. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:233. [PMID: 31612129 PMCID: PMC6776625 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Downstream processing needs more innovative ideas to advance and overcome current bioprocessing challenges. Chromatography is by far the most prevalent technique used by a conservative industrial sector. Chromatography has many advantages but also often represents the most expensive step in a pharmaceutical production process. Therefore, alternative methods as well as further processing strategies are urgently needed. One promising candidate for new developments on a large scale is magnetic separation, which enables the fast and direct capture of target molecules in fermentation broths. There has been a small revolution in this area in the last 10–20 years and a few papers dealing with the use of magnetic separation in bioprocessing examples beyond the analytical scale have been published. Since each target material is purified with a different magnetic separation approach, the comparison of processes is not trivial but would help to understand and improve magnetic separation and thus making it attractive for the technical scale. To address this issue, we report on the latest achievements in magnetic separation technology and offer an overview of the progress of the capture and separation of biomolecules derived from biotechnology and food technology. Magnetic separation has great potential for high-throughput downstream processing in applied life sciences. At the same time, two major challenges need to be overcome: (1) the development of a platform for suitable and flexible separation devices and (2) additional investigations of advantageous processing conditions, especially during recovery. Concentration and purification factors need to be improved to pave the way for the broader use of magnetic applications. The innovative combination of magnetic gradients and multipurpose separations will set new magnetic-based trends for large scale downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Schwaminger
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Paula Fraga-García
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Marco Eigenfeld
- Research Group Beverage and Cereal Biotechnology, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas M Becker
- Research Group Beverage and Cereal Biotechnology, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sonja Berensmeier
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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16
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Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters, which refers to a group of individual nanoparticles, have recently attracted much attention because of their distinctive behaviors compared to individual nanoparticles. In this review, we discuss preparation methods for creating iron oxide nanoclusters, focusing on synthetic procedures, formation mechanisms, and the quality of the products. Then, we discuss the emerging applications for iron oxide nanoclusters in various fields, covering traditional and novel applications in magnetic separation, bioimaging, drug delivery, and magnetically responsive photonic crystals.
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17
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Shape- and size-controlled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles using various reducing agents and their relaxometric properties by Xigo acorn area. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Yang C, Li S, Guo Z, Kong J. Application and Prospect of Superconducting High Gradient Magnetic Separation in Disposal of Micro-fine Tailings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/275/1/012044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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19
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Wei X, Sugumaran PJ, Peng E, Liu XL, Ding J. Low-Field Dynamic Magnetic Separation by Self-Fabricated Magnetic Meshes for Efficient Heavy Metal Removal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36772-36782. [PMID: 28971675 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater contaminated with heavy metals is a worldwide concern due to the toxicity to human and animals. The current study presents an incorporation of adsorption and low-field dynamic magnetic separation technique for the treatment of heavy-metal-contaminated water. The key components are the eco-fabricated magnetic filter with mesh architectures (constituted of a soft magnetic material (Ni,Zn)Fe2O4) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-coated quasi-superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). PAA-coated Fe3O4 NPs possess high adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions including Pb, Ni, Co, and Cu and can be easily regenerated after the adjustment of pH. Moreover, magnetic mesh filter has shown excellent collection ability of quasi-superparamagnetic particles under a magnetic field as low as 0.7 kOe (0.07 T) and can easily release these particles during ultrasonic washing when small magnets are removed. In the end, after one filtration process, the heavy metal concentration can be significantly decreased from 1.0 mg L-1 to below the drinking water standard recommended by the World Health Organization (e.g., less than 0.01 mg L-1 for Pb). Overall, a proof-of-concept adsorption and subsequent low-field dynamic separation technique is demonstrated as an economical and efficient route for heavy metal removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxia Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117575, Singapore
| | - Pon Janani Sugumaran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117575, Singapore
| | - Erwin Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiao Li Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117575, Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117575, Singapore
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20
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Ezzaier H, Alves Marins J, Razvin I, Abbas M, Ben Haj Amara A, Zubarev A, Kuzhir P. Two-stage kinetics of field-induced aggregation of medium-sized magnetic nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:114902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4977993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Ezzaier
- University Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7010 Institute of Physics of Nice, Parc Valrose, Nice 06100, France
- Laboratory of Physics of Lamellar Materials and Hybrid Nano-Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - J. Alves Marins
- University Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7010 Institute of Physics of Nice, Parc Valrose, Nice 06100, France
| | - I. Razvin
- University Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7010 Institute of Physics of Nice, Parc Valrose, Nice 06100, France
| | - M. Abbas
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - A. Ben Haj Amara
- Laboratory of Physics of Lamellar Materials and Hybrid Nano-Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - A. Zubarev
- Department of Mathematical Physics, Urals Federal University, Lenina Ave. 51, 620083 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - P. Kuzhir
- University Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7010 Institute of Physics of Nice, Parc Valrose, Nice 06100, France
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21
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Gómez-Pastora J, Xue X, Karampelas IH, Bringas E, Furlani EP, Ortiz I. Analysis of separators for magnetic beads recovery: From large systems to multifunctional microdevices. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Leong SS, Yeap SP, Lim J. Working principle and application of magnetic separation for biomedical diagnostic at high- and low-field gradients. Interface Focus 2016; 6:20160048. [PMID: 27920891 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2016.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic separation is a versatile technique used in sample preparation for diagnostic purpose. For such application, an external magnetic field is applied to drive the separation of target entity (e.g. bacteria, viruses, parasites and cancer cells) from a complex raw sample in order to ease the subsequent task(s) for disease diagnosis. This separation process not only can be achieved via the utilization of high magnetic field gradient, but also, in most cases, low magnetic field gradient with magnitude less than 100 T m-1 is equally feasible. It is the aim of this review paper to summarize the usage of both high gradient magnetic separation and low gradient magnetic separation (LGMS) techniques in this area of research. It is noteworthy that effectiveness of the magnetic separation process not only determines the outcome of a diagnosis but also directly influences its accuracy as well as sensing time involved. Therefore, understanding the factors that simultaneously influence the efficiency of both magnetic separation process and target detection is necessary. Moreover, for LGMS, there are several important considerations that should be taken into account in order to ensure its successful implementation. Hence, this review paper aims to provide an overview to relate all this crucial information by linking the magnetic separation theory to biomedical diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sim Siong Leong
- School of Chemical Engineering , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal, Penang 14300 , Malaysia
| | - Swee Pin Yeap
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang 14300, Malaysia; Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang 14300, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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23
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Alp E, Aydogan N. A comparative study: Synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in air and N 2 atmosphere. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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25
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Yoon KY, Xue Z, Fei Y, Lee JH, Cheng V, Bagaria HG, Huh C, Bryant SL, Kong SD, Ngo VW, Rahmani AR, Ahmadian M, Ellison CJ, Johnston KP. Control of magnetite primary particle size in aqueous dispersions of nanoclusters for high magnetic susceptibilities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 462:359-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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Toh PY, Tai WY, Ahmad AL, Lim JK, Chan DJC. Toxicity of bare and surfaced functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles towards microalgae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:643-650. [PMID: 26389846 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1086300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the toxicity of bare iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and surface functionalization iron oxide nanoparticles (SF-IONPs) to the growth of freshwater microalgae Chlorella sp. This study is important due to the increased interest on the application of the magnetic responsive IONPs in various fields, such as biomedical, wastewater treatment, and microalgae harvesting. This study demonstrated that the toxicity of IONPs was mainly contributed by the indirect light shading effect from the suspending nanoparticles which is nanoparticles concentration-dependent, direct light shading effect caused by the attachment of IONPs on cell and the cell aggregation, and the oxidative stress from the internalization of IONPs into the cells. The results showed that the layer of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) tended to mask the IONPs and hence eliminated oxidative stress toward the protein yield but it in turn tended to enhance the toxicity of IONPs by enabling the IONPs to attach on cell surfaces and cause cell aggregation. Therefore, the choice of the polymer that used for surface functionalize the IONPs is the key factor to determine the toxicity of the IONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pey Yi Toh
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia
| | - Wan Yii Tai
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia
| | - Jit Kang Lim
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia
- b Department of Physics , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Derek Juinn Chieh Chan
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia
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27
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Exploiting Size-Dependent Drag and Magnetic Forces for Size-Specific Separation of Magnetic Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20001-19. [PMID: 26307980 PMCID: PMC4581337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160820001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Realizing the full potential of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in nanomedicine requires the optimization of their physical and chemical properties. Elucidation of the effects of these properties on clinical diagnostic or therapeutic properties, however, requires the synthesis or purification of homogenous samples, which has proved to be difficult. While initial simulations indicated that size-selective separation could be achieved by flowing magnetic nanoparticles through a magnetic field, subsequent in vitro experiments were unable to reproduce the predicted results. Magnetic field-flow fractionation, however, was found to be an effective method for the separation of polydisperse suspensions of iron oxide nanoparticles with diameters greater than 20 nm. While similar methods have been used to separate magnetic nanoparticles before, no previous work has been done with magnetic nanoparticles between 20 and 200 nm. Both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis were used to confirm the size of the MNPs. Further development of this work could lead to MNPs with the narrow size distributions necessary for their in vitro and in vivo optimization.
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28
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Bakhteeva I, Medvedeva I, Byzov I, Zhakov S, Yermakov A, Uimin M, Shchegoleva N. Magnetic field-enhanced sedimentation of nanopowder magnetite in water flow. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1828-1836. [PMID: 25650300 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1013570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sedimentation dynamics of magnetite (γ-Fe3O4) nanopowder (10-20 nm) in water in a gradient magnetic field Bmax=0.3 T, (dB/dz)max=0.13 T/cm was studied for different water flow speeds and starting particle concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 g/l). The aggregates formation in water was monitored under the same conditions. In cyclical water flow, the velocity of particle sedimentation increases significantly in comparison to its rate in still water, which corresponds to the intensified aggregate formation. However, at a water flow speed more than 0.1 cm/s sedimentation velocity slows down, which might be connected to aggregate destruction in a faster water flow. Correlation between sedimentation time and the nanoparticle concentration in water does not follow the trend expected for spherical superparamagnetic particles. In our case sedimentation time is shorter for c=0.1 g/l in comparison with that for c=1 g/l. We submit that such a feature is caused by particle self-organization in water into complex structures of fractal type. This effect is unexplained in the framework of existing theoretical models of colloids systems, so far. Provisional recommendations are suggested for the design of a magnetic separator on the permanent magnets base. The main device parameters are magnetic field intensity B≥0.1 T, magnetic field gradient (dB/dz)max≈(0.1-0.2) T/cm, and water flow speed V<0.15 cm/s. For particle concentration c=1 g/l, purification of water from magnetite down to ecological and hygienic standards is reached in 80 min, for c=0.1 g/l the time is reduced down to 50 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iu Bakhteeva
- a Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , S. Kovalevskaya 18, 620990 Ekaterinburg , Russia
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29
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Controlled heteroaggregation of two types of nanoparticles in an aqueous suspension. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 438:235-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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30
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Digigow RG, Dechézelles JF, Kaufmann J, Vanhecke D, Knapp H, Lattuada M, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Petri-Fink A. Magnetic microreactors for efficient and reliable magnetic nanoparticle surface functionalization. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2276-2286. [PMID: 24817177 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00229f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Microreactors have attracted wide attention in the nano- and biotechnology fields because they offer many advantages over standard liquid phase reactions. We report the development of a magnetic microreactor for reliable, fast and efficient surface functionalization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). A comprehensive study of the development process in terms of setup, loading capacity and efficiency is described. We performed experimental and computational studies in order to evaluate the trapping efficiencies, maximum loading capacity and magnetic alignment of the nanoparticles. The results showed that capacity and trapping efficiencies are directly related to the flow rate, elution time and reactor type. Based on our results and the developed magnetic microreactor, we describe a model multistep surface derivatization procedure of SPIONs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Digigow
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Route de l'ancienne papeterie CP 209, CH-1723 Marly 1, Switzerland.
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31
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Magnet C, Kuzhir P, Bossis G, Meunier A, Nave S, Zubarev A, Lomenech C, Bashtovoi V. Behavior of nanoparticle clouds around a magnetized microsphere under magnetic and flow fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:032310. [PMID: 24730845 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.032310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
When a micron-sized magnetizable particle is introduced into a suspension of nanosized magnetic particles, the nanoparticles accumulate around the microparticle and form thick anisotropic clouds extended in the direction of the applied magnetic field. This phenomenon promotes colloidal stabilization of bimodal magnetic suspensions and allows efficient magnetic separation of nanoparticles used in bioanalysis and water purification. In the present work, the size and shape of nanoparticle clouds under the simultaneous action of an external uniform magnetic field and the flow have been studied in detail. In experiments, a dilute suspension of iron oxide nanoclusters (of a mean diameter of 60 nm) was pushed through a thin slit channel with the nickel microspheres (of a mean diameter of 50 μm) attached to the channel wall. The behavior of nanocluster clouds was observed in the steady state using an optical microscope. In the presence of strong enough flow, the size of the clouds monotonically decreases with increasing flow speed in both longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields. This is qualitatively explained by enhancement of hydrodynamic forces washing the nanoclusters away from the clouds. In the longitudinal field, the flow induces asymmetry of the front and the back clouds. To explain the flow and the field effects on the clouds, we have developed a simple model based on the balance of the stresses and particle fluxes on the cloud surface. This model, applied to the case of the magnetic field parallel to the flow, captures reasonably well the flow effect on the size and shape of the cloud and reveals that the only dimensionless parameter governing the cloud size is the ratio of hydrodynamic-to-magnetic forces-the Mason number. At strong magnetic interactions considered in the present work (dipolar coupling parameter α≥2), the Brownian motion seems not to affect the cloud behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Magnet
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, UMR 7336, 28 avenue Joseph Vallot, 06100 Nice, France
| | - P Kuzhir
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, UMR 7336, 28 avenue Joseph Vallot, 06100 Nice, France
| | - G Bossis
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, UMR 7336, 28 avenue Joseph Vallot, 06100 Nice, France
| | - A Meunier
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, UMR 7336, 28 avenue Joseph Vallot, 06100 Nice, France
| | - S Nave
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, UMR 7336, 28 avenue Joseph Vallot, 06100 Nice, France
| | - A Zubarev
- Department of Mathematical Physics, Ural Federal University, 51 Prospekt Lenina, Ekaterinburg 620083, Russia
| | - C Lomenech
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Laboratory ECOMERS (Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress), EA 4228, 28 avenue Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - V Bashtovoi
- Belarusian National Technical University, UNESCO Department "Energy Conservation and Renewable Energies", 65 Prospekt Nezavisimosti, 220013 Minsk, Belarus
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32
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Magnetic separations in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1374-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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33
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Lim J, Yeap SP, Che HX, Low SC. Characterization of magnetic nanoparticle by dynamic light scattering. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:381. [PMID: 24011350 PMCID: PMC3846652 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Here we provide a complete review on the use of dynamic light scattering (DLS) to study the size distribution and colloidal stability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The mathematical analysis involved in obtaining size information from the correlation function and the calculation of Z-average are introduced. Contributions from various variables, such as surface coating, size differences, and concentration of particles, are elaborated within the context of measurement data. Comparison with other sizing techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy and dark-field microscopy, revealed both the advantages and disadvantages of DLS in measuring the size of magnetic nanoparticles. The self-assembly process of MNP with anisotropic structure can also be monitored effectively by DLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, 14300, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Swee Pin Yeap
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, 14300, Malaysia
| | - Hui Xin Che
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, 14300, Malaysia
| | - Siew Chun Low
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, 14300, Malaysia
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34
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Zaidi NS, Sohaili J, Muda K, Sillanpää M. Magnetic Field Application and its Potential in Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2013.794148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Yeap SP, Ahmad AL, Ooi BS, Lim J. Electrosteric stabilization and its role in cooperative magnetophoresis of colloidal magnetic nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14878-14891. [PMID: 23025323 DOI: 10.1021/la303169g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A detailed study on the conflicting role that colloid stability plays in magnetophoresis is presented. Magnetic iron oxide particles (MIOPs) that were sterically stabilized via surface modification with poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) of different molecular weights (i.e., 70 and 1000 kDa) were employed as our model system. Both sedimentation kinetics and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) measurements suggested that PSS 70 kDa is a better stabilizer as compared to PSS 1000 kDa. This observation is mostly attributed to the bridging flocculation of PSS 1000 kDa decorated MIOPs originated from the extended polymeric conformation layer. Later, a lab-scale high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) device was designed to study the magnetophoretic collection of MIOPs. Our experimental results revealed that the more colloidally stable the MIOP suspension is, the harder it is to be magnetically isolated by HGMS. At 50 mg/L, naked MIOPs without coating can be easily captured by HGMS at separation efficiency up to 96.9 ± 2.6%. However, the degree of separation dropped quite drastically to 83.1 ± 1.2% and 67.7 ± 4.6%, for MIOPs with PSS 1000k and PSS 70k coating, respectively. This observation clearly implies that polyelectrolyte coating that was usually employed to electrosterically stabilize a colloidal system in turn compromises the magnetic isolation efficiency. By artificially destroying the colloidal stability of the MIOPs with ionic strength increment, the ability for HGMS to recover the most stable suspension (i.e., PSS 70k-coated MIOPs) increased to >86% at 100 mM monovalent ion (Na(+)) or at 10 mM divalent ion (Ca(2+)). This observation has verified the conflicting role of colloidal stability in magnetophoretic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee Pin Yeap
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang 14300, Malaysia
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36
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Scaling up magnetic filtration and extraction to the ton per hour scale using carbon coated metal nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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He Z, Hong T, Chen J, Song S. A magnetic TiO2 photocatalyst doped with iodine for organic pollutant degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Magnet C, Kuzhir P, Bossis G, Meunier A, Suloeva L, Zubarev A. Haloing in bimodal magnetic colloids: the role of field-induced phase separation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:011404. [PMID: 23005414 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.011404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
If a suspension of magnetic micrometer-sized and nanosized particles is subjected to a homogeneous magnetic field, the nanoparticles are attracted to the microparticles and form thick anisotropic halos (clouds) around them. Such clouds can hinder the approach of microparticles and result in effective repulsion between them [M. T. López-López, A. Yu. Zubarev, and G. Bossis, Soft Matter 6, 4346 (2010)]. In this paper, we present detailed experimental and theoretical studies of nanoparticle concentration profiles and of the equilibrium shapes of nanoparticle clouds around a single magnetized microsphere, taking into account interactions between nanoparticles. We show that at a strong enough magnetic field, the ensemble of nanoparticles experiences a gas-liquid phase transition such that a dense liquid phase is condensed around the magnetic poles of a microsphere while a dilute gas phase occupies the rest of the suspension volume. Nanoparticle accumulation around a microsphere is governed by two dimensionless parameters--the initial nanoparticle concentration (φ(0)) and the magnetic-to-thermal energy ratio (α)--and the three accumulation regimes are mapped onto a α-φ(0) phase diagram. Our local thermodynamic equilibrium approach gives a semiquantitative agreement with the experiments on the equilibrium shapes of nanoparticle clouds. The results of this work could be useful for the development of the bimodal magnetorheological fluids and of the magnetic separation technologies used in bioanalysis and water purification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Magnet
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS UMR 7663, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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39
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Suh SK, Yuet K, Hwang DK, Bong KW, Doyle PS, Hatton TA. Synthesis of nonspherical superparamagnetic particles: in situ coprecipitation of magnetic nanoparticles in microgels prepared by stop-flow lithography. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7337-43. [PMID: 22462394 DOI: 10.1021/ja209245v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis of nonspherical magnetic microparticles with multiple functionalities, shapes, and chemistries. Particle synthesis was performed in two steps: polymeric microparticles functionalized homogenously with carboxyl groups were generated using stop-flow lithography, and then in situ coprecipitation was used to grow magnetic nanoparticles at these carboxyl sites. With successive growth of magnetic nanoparticles, we obtained polymeric particles with saturation magnetizations of up to 42 emu/g microparticle. The growth in the magnetic nanoparticle mean size and polydispersity was determined from the magnetization curves obtained following each growth cycle; nanoparticle sizes were limited by the physical constraint of the effective mesh within the hosting gel microparticle. Particles with spatially segregated domains of varying magnetic properties (e.g., Janus particles, particles with step changes in magnetite concentration, etc.) can be synthesized readily using this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Kyung Suh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Stephens JR, Beveridge JS, Williams ME. Analytical methods for separating and isolating magnetic nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:3280-9. [PMID: 22306911 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp22982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the large body of literature describing the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles, few analytical tools are commonly used for their purification and analysis. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, magnetic nanoparticles are appealing candidates for biomedical applications and analytical separations. Yet in the absence of methods for assessing and assuring their purity, the ultimate use of magnetic particles and heterostructures is likely to be limited. In this review, we summarize the separation techniques that have been initially used for this purpose. For magnetic nanoparticles, it is the use of an applied magnetic flux or field gradient that enables separations. Flow based techniques are combined with applied magnetic fields to give methods such as magnetic field flow fractionation and high gradient magnetic separation. Additional techniques have been explored for manipulating particles in microfluidic channels and in mesoporous membranes. Further development of these and new analytical tools for separation and analysis of colloidal particles is critically important to enable the practical use of these, particularly for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Stephens
- The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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41
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Chen F, Smith KA, Hatton TA. A dynamic buildup growth model for magnetic particle accumulation on single wires in high-gradient magnetic separation. AIChE J 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mayo JT, Lee SS, Yavuz CT, Yu WW, Prakash A, Falkner JC, Colvin VL. A multiplexed separation of iron oxide nanocrystals using variable magnetic fields. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:4560-4563. [PMID: 22006122 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10671f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The size-dependent magnetic properties of nanocrystals are exploited in a separation process that distinguishes particles based on their diameter. By varying the magnetic field strength, four populations of magnetic materials were isolated from a mixture. This separation is most effective for nanocrystals with diameters between 4 and 16 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Mayo
- Rice University, Chemistry, 6500 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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Yoon KY, Kotsmar C, Ingram DR, Huh C, Bryant SL, Milner TE, Johnston KP. Stabilization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoclusters in concentrated brine with cross-linked polymer shells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10962-10969. [PMID: 21728368 DOI: 10.1021/la2006327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles, in the form of sub-100-nm clusters, were synthesized in the presence of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) or poly(styrene sulfonate-alt-maleic acid) (PSS-alt-MA) to provide electrosteric stabilization. The superparamagnetic nanoclusters were characterized using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and zeta potential measurements. To anchor the polymer shell on the nanoparticle surface, the polymer was cross-linked for a range of cross-linking densities. For nanoclusters with only 12% (w/w) PSS-alt-MA, electrosteric stabilization was sufficient even in 8 wt % NaCl. For PAA, the cross-linked polymer shell was essentially permanent and did not desorb even upon dilution of the nanoparticles for iron oxide concentrations down to 0.014 wt %. Without cross-linking, over half of the polymer desorbed from the particle surfaces. This general approach of the adsorption of polymer stabilizers onto nanoparticles followed by cross-linking may be utilized for a wide variety of cross-linkable polymers without the need to form covalent bonds between the nanoparticles and polymer stabilizer. Thus, this cross-linking approach is an efficient and inexpensive method of stabilizing nanoparticles for large-scale applications, including the electromagnetic imaging of subsurface reservoirs, even at high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Youl Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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44
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Kowalczyk B, Lagzi I, Grzybowski BA. Nanoseparations: Strategies for size and/or shape-selective purification of nanoparticles. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Beveridge JS, Stephens JR, Williams ME. The use of magnetic nanoparticles in analytical chemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2011; 4:251-73. [PMID: 21417723 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061010-114041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles uniquely combine superparamagnetic behavior with dimensions that are smaller than or the same size as molecular analytes. The integration of magnetic nanoparticles with analytical methods has opened new avenues for sensing, purification, and quantitative analysis. Applied magnetic fields can be used to control the motion and properties of magnetic nanoparticles; in analytical chemistry, use of magnetic fields provides methods for manipulating and analyzing species at the molecular level. In this review, we describe applications of magnetic nanoparticles to analyte handling, chemical sensors, and imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Beveridge
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803, USA.
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Beveridge JS, Stephens JR, Williams ME. Differential magnetic catch and release: experimental parameters for controlled separation of magnetic nanoparticles. Analyst 2011; 136:2564-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15168a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kotsmar C, Yoon KY, Yu H, Ryoo SY, Barth J, Shao S, Prodanović M, Milner TE, Bryant SL, Huh C, Johnston KP. Stable Citrate-Coated Iron Oxide Superparamagnetic Nanoclusters at High Salinity. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1010965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Kotsmar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Ki Youl Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Seung Yup Ryoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Joseph Barth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Stephen Shao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Maša Prodanović
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Thomas E. Milner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Steven L. Bryant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Chun Huh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
| | - Keith P. Johnston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States, and College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, United States
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Gyergyek S, Makovec D, Mertelj A, Huskić M, Drofenik M. Superparamagnetic nanocomposite particles synthesized using the mini-emulsion technique. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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49
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Ingram DR, Kotsmar C, Yoon KY, Shao S, Huh C, Bryant SL, Milner TE, Johnston KP. Superparamagnetic nanoclusters coated with oleic acid bilayers for stabilization of emulsions of water and oil at low concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 351:225-32. [PMID: 20719327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Emulsions of water and dodecane with drop sizes down to 1 microm were stabilized with 30-100 nm interfacially active nanoclusters of sub-15 nm iron oxide primary particles at an extremely low loading of 0.14 wt.%. The nanoclusters, coated with a bilayer of oleic acid, formed stable dispersions in water at pH 7-10. The phase behavior and droplet morphologies of the emulsions of water and dodecane were tuned with pH. The oil/water emulsions at pH 9-10 were converted to middle phase emulsions at pH 6-7 and water/oil emulsions as the pH was further lowered. The magnetization per gram of Fe is similar for the nanoclusters and the primary particles, indicating the spacing between the particles is sufficient to avoid magnetic coupling. The larger volume of nanoclusters relative to the individual primary particles is beneficial for magnetomotive sensing applications including imaging of oil reservoirs, as it increases the force on the particles for a given magnetic field.
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Woo E, Ponvel KM, Ahn IS, Lee CH. Synthesis of magnetic/silicananoparticles with a core of magnetic clusters and their application for the immobilization of His-tagged enzymes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b918682d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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