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Sahroni I, Kodama T, Ahmad MS, Nakahara T, Inomata Y, Kida T. Graphene Oxide Membrane Reactor for Electrochemical Deuteration Reactions. Nano Lett 2024; 24:3590-3597. [PMID: 38489112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The deuteration of organic molecules is considerably important in organic and medicinal chemistry. An electrochemical membrane reactor using proton-conducting graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets was developed to synthesize valuable deuterium-labeled products via an efficient hydrogen-to-deuterium (H/D) exchange under mild conditions at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Deuterons (D+) formed by the anodic oxidation of heavy water (D2O) at the Pt/C anode permeate through the GO membrane to the Pt/C cathode, where organic molecules with functional groups (C≡C and C═O) are deuterated with adsorbed atomic D species. Deuteration occurs in outstanding yields with high levels of D incorporation. We also achieved the electrodeuteration of a drug molecule, ibuprofen, demonstrating the promising feasibility of the GO membrane reactor in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Sahroni
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8655, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia
| | - Taiga Kodama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8655, Japan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Ahmad
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takeru Nakahara
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8655, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inomata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8655, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Han G, Li G, Sun Y. Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation Using Palladium Membrane Reactors. JACS Au 2024; 4:328-343. [PMID: 38425903 PMCID: PMC10900496 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogenation is a crucial chemical process employed in a myriad of industries, often facilitated by metals such as Pd, Pt, and Ni as catalysts. Traditional thermocatalytic hydrogenation usually necessitates high temperature and elevated pressure, making the process energy intensive. Electrocatalytic hydrogenation offers an alternative but suffers from issues such as competing H2 evolution, electrolyte separation, and limited solvent selection. This Perspective introduces the evolution and advantages of the electrocatalytic Pd membrane reactor (ePMR) as a solution to these challenges. ePMR utilizes a Pd membrane to physically separate the electrochemical chamber from the hydrogenation chamber, permitting the use of water as the hydrogen source and eliminating the need for H2 gas. This setup allows for greater control over reaction conditions, such as solvent and electrolyte selection, while mitigating issues such as low Faradaic efficiency and complex product separation. Several representative hydrogenation reactions (e.g., hydrogenation of C=C, C≡C, C=O, C≡N, and O=O bonds) achieved via ePMR over the past 30 years were concisely discussed to highlight the unique advantages of ePMR. Promising research directions along with the advancement of ePMR for more challenging hydrogenation reactions are also proposed. Finally, we provide a prospect for future development of this distinctive hydrogenation strategy using hydrogen-permeable membrane electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yujie Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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Kleinhaus JT, Wolf J, Pellumbi K, Wickert L, Viswanathan SC, Junge Puring K, Siegmund D, Apfel UP. Developing electrochemical hydrogenation towards industrial application. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7305-7332. [PMID: 37814786 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00419h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical hydrogenation reactions gained significant attention as a sustainable and efficient alternative to conventional thermocatalytic hydrogenations. This tutorial review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic principles, the practical application, and recent advances of electrochemical hydrogenation reactions, with a particular emphasis on the translation of these reactions from lab-scale to industrial applications. Giving an overview on the vast amount of conceivable organic substrates and tested catalysts, we highlight the challenges associated with upscaling electrochemical hydrogenations, such as mass transfer limitations and reactor design. Strategies and techniques for addressing these challenges are discussed, including the development of novel catalysts and the implementation of scalable and innovative cell concepts. We furthermore present an outlook on current challenges, future prospects, and research directions for achieving widespread industrial implementation of electrochemical hydrogenation reactions. This work aims to provide beginners as well as experienced electrochemists with a starting point into the potential future transformation of electrochemical hydrogenations from a laboratory curiosity to a viable technology for sustainable chemical synthesis on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian T Kleinhaus
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Jonas Wolf
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Kevinjeorjios Pellumbi
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Leon Wickert
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Sangita C Viswanathan
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Kai Junge Puring
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Daniel Siegmund
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
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Yan YQ, Chen Y, Wang Z, Chen LH, Tang HL, Su BL. Electrochemistry-assisted selective butadiene hydrogenation with water. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2106. [PMID: 37055383 PMCID: PMC10102003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkene feedstocks are used to produce polymers with a market expected to reach 128.4 million metric tons by 2027. Butadiene is one of the impurities poisoning alkene polymerization catalysts and is usually removed by thermocatalytic selective hydrogenation. Excessive use of H2, poor alkene selectivity and high operating temperature (e.g. up to 350 °C) remain the most significant drawbacks of the thermocatalytic process, calling for innovative alternatives. Here we report a room-temperature (25~30 °C) electrochemistry-assisted selective hydrogenation process in a gas-fed fixed bed reactor, using water as the hydrogen source. Using a palladium membrane as the catalyst, this process offers a robust catalytic performance for selective butadiene hydrogenation, with alkene selectivity staying around 92% at a butadiene conversion above 97% for over 360 h of time on stream. The overall energy consumption of this process is 0.003 Wh/mLbutadiene, which is thousands of times lower than that of the thermocatalytic route. This study proposes an alternative electrochemical technology for industrial hydrogenation without the need for elevated temperature and hydrogen gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology, Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hao-Lin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology, Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, B-5000, Namur, Belgium.
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Han C, Zenner J, Johny J, Kaeffer N, Bordet A, Leitner W. Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of alkenes with Pd/carbon nanotubes at an oil–water interface. Nat Catal 2022; 5:1110-1119. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractElectrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) produces high-value chemicals from unsaturated organics using water as a hydrogen source. However, ECH is limited by the low solubility of substrates when operated under aqueous conditions, by electrical losses when performed in organic electrolytes and, in general, by low faradaic efficiency and fastidious work-up. Here, we show that a Pickering emulsion compartmenting organic substrates and aqueous electrolytes in different phases enables efficient ECH at the interface. We designed a construct comprising Pd nanoparticles immobilized on positively charged carbon nanotubes that localizes at the interface to act as both emulsion stabilizer and electrocatalyst. Applied to the ECH of styrene, the system delivers ethylbenzene at high faradaic efficiency (95.0%) and mass specific current density (–148.1 mA $${{{\mathrm{mg}}}}_{{{{\mathrm{Pd}}}}}^{ - 1}$$
mg
Pd
−
1
). The system combines good substrate solubility, high conductivity and simplified product isolation, and has proved applicable to the conversion of various alkenes. This strategy may thus provide alternative solutions to the ECH of substrates with low water solubility, such as bio-oil and bio-crude.
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Huang A, Delima RS, Kim Y, Lees EW, Parlane FGL, Dvorak DJ, Rooney MB, Jansonius RP, Fink AG, Zhang Z, Berlinguette CP. Direct H 2O 2 Synthesis, without H 2 Gas. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14548-14554. [PMID: 35917450 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here the direct hydrogenation of O2 gas to form hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using a membrane reactor without H2 gas. Hydrogen is sourced from water, and the reactor is driven by electricity. Hydrogenation chemistry is achieved using a hydrogen-permeable Pd foil that separates an electrolysis chamber that generates reactive H atoms, from a hydrogenation chamber where H atoms react with O2 to form H2O2. Our results show that the concentration of H2O2 can be increased ∼8 times (from 56.5 to 443 mg/L) by optimizing the ratio of methanol-to-water in the chemical chamber, and through catalyst design. We demonstrate that the concentration of H2O2 is acutely sensitive to the H2O2 decomposition rate. This decomposition rate can be minimized by using AuPd alloy catalysts instead of pure Pd. This study presents a new pathway to directly synthesize H2O2 using water electrolysis without ever using H2 gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxue Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Roxanna S Delima
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Eric W Lees
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fraser G L Parlane
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David J Dvorak
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Michael B Rooney
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ryan P Jansonius
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Arthur G Fink
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zishuai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Curtis P Berlinguette
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
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Chen H, Zhang B, Liang X, Zou X. Light alloying element-regulated noble metal catalysts for energy-related applications. Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2022; 43:611-35. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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