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Hambly BP, Sears C, Pendley BD, Thompson LL, Lindner E. A Potentially Versatile Enzyme Sensor Platform: Enzyme-Loaded, Tagged, Porous Polymeric Nanocapsules. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1199-1207. [PMID: 38372695 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes are essential to life and indispensable in a wide range of industries (food, pharmaceutical, medical, biosensing, etc.); however, a significant shortcoming of these fragile biological catalysts is their poor stability. To address this challenge, a variety of immobilization methods have been described to enhance the enzyme's stability. These immobilization methods generally are specific to an individual enzyme or optimal for a particular application. The aim of this study is to explore the utility of porous, indicator moiety-tagged, polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) for the encapsulation of enzymes and measurement of the enzyme's substrate. As a model enzyme, glucose oxidase (GOx) is used. The GOx enzyme-loaded, fluorophore-tagged NCs were synthesized by using self-assembled surfactant vesicle templates. To show that the biological activity of GOx is preserved during entrapment, the rate of the GOx enzyme catalyzed reaction was measured. To evaluate the protective features of the porous NCs, the encapsulated GOx enzyme activity was followed in the presence of hydrolytic enzymes. During the encapsulation of GOx and the purification of the GOx-loaded NCs, the GOx activity decayed less than 10%, and up to 30% of the encapsulated GOx activity could be retained for 3-5 days in the presence of hydrolytic enzymes. In support of the potentially unique advantages of the enzyme-loaded NCs, as a proof-of-concept example, the fluorophore-tagged, GOx-loaded NCs were used for the determination of glucose in the concentration range between 18 and 162 mg/dL and for imaging the distribution of glucose concentration in imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley P Hambly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Chandler Sears
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Bradford D Pendley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Lauren L Thompson
- Integrated Microscopy Center, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Ernő Lindner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
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2
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Hui Z, An J, Zhou J, Huang W, Sun G. Mechanisms for self-templating design of micro/nanostructures toward efficient energy storage. Exploration (Beijing) 2022; 2:20210237. [PMID: 37325505 PMCID: PMC10190938 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing demand in modern power systems calls for the innovation in electrochemical energy storage devices so as to achieve both supercapacitor-like high power density and battery-like high energy density. Rational design of the micro/nanostructures of energy storage materials offers a pathway to finely tailor their electrochemical properties thereby enabling significant improvements in device performances and enormous strategies have been developed for synthesizing hierarchically structured active materials. Among all strategies, the direct conversion of precursor templates into target micro/nanostructures through physical and/or chemical processes is facile, controllable, and scalable. Yet the mechanistic understanding of the self-templating method is lacking and the synthetic versatility for constructing complex architectures is inadequately demonstrated. This review starts with the introduction of five main self-templating synthetic mechanisms and the corresponding constructed hierarchical micro/nanostructures. Subsequently, the structural merits provided by the well-defined architectures for energy storage are elaborately discussed. At last, a summary of current challenges and future development of the self-templating method for synthesizing high-performance electrode materials is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Hui
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU)Xi'anP. R. China
| | - Jianing An
- Institute of Photonics TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Jinyuan Zhou
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouP. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU)Xi'anP. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)NanjingP. R. China
| | - Gengzhi Sun
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)NanjingP. R. China
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3
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Jiang S, Li X, Gao S, Ma C, Wu T, Liu Z, Gu T, Qi J, Yan Y, Song X, Huang J. Opposite effect of cyclic and chain-like hydrocarbons on the trend of self-assembly transition in catanionic surfactant systems. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022; 648:129231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yalcinkaya H, Mangiapia G, Appavou MS, Hoffmann I, Gradzielski M. Polymeric Nanocapsules from Well-Defined Zwitanionic Vesicles as a Template. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Yalcinkaya
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni, Sekr. TC7, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Goldschmidtstraße 100, 45127 Essen, Germany
| | - Gaetano Mangiapia
- German Engineering Materials Science (GEMS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Helmhotz-Zentrum Hereon, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marie-Sousai Appavou
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at MLZ, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ingo Hoffmann
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni, Sekr. TC7, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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Alam SB, Soligno G, Yang J, Bustillo KC, Ercius P, Zheng H, Whitelam S, Chan EM. Dynamics of Polymer Nanocapsule Buckling and Collapse Revealed by In Situ Liquid-Phase TEM. Langmuir 2022; 38:7168-7178. [PMID: 35621188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanocapsules are hollow nanoscale shells that have applications in drug delivery, batteries, self-healing materials, and as model systems for naturally occurring shell geometries. In many applications, nanocapsules are designed to release their cargo as they buckle and collapse, but the details of this transient buckling process have not been directly observed. Here, we use in situ liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy to record the electron-irradiation-induced buckling in spherical 60-187 nm polymer capsules with ∼3.5 nm walls. We observe in real time the release of aqueous cargo from these nanocapsules and their buckling into morphologies with single or multiple indentations. The in situ buckling of nanoscale capsules is compared to ex situ measurements of collapsed and micrometer-sized capsules and to Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The shape and dynamics of the collapsing nanocapsules are consistent with MC simulations, which reveal that the excessive wrinkling of nanocapsules with ultrathin walls results from their large Föppl-von Kármán numbers around 105. Our experiments suggest design rules for nanocapsules with the desired buckling response based on parameters such as capsule radius, wall thickness, and collapse rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sardar B Alam
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Giuseppe Soligno
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Jiwoong Yang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Karen C Bustillo
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peter Ercius
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Haimei Zheng
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen Whitelam
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emory M Chan
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Yang Y, Kozlovskaya V, Zhang Z, Xing C, Zaharias S, Dolmat M, Qian S, Zhang J, Warram JM, Yang ES, Kharlampieva E. Poly( N-vinylpyrrolidone)- block-Poly(dimethylsiloxane)- block-Poly( N-vinylpyrrolidone) Triblock Copolymer Polymersomes for Delivery of PARP1 siRNA to Breast Cancers. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:1670-1682. [PMID: 35294185 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 20% of HER2-positive breast cancers develop resistance to HER2-targeted therapies requiring the use of advanced therapies. Silencing RNA therapy may be a powerful modality for treating resistant HER2 cancers due to its high specificity and low toxicity. However, the systemic administration of siRNAs requires a safe and efficient delivery platform because of siRNA's low stability in physiological fluids, inefficient cellular uptake, immunoreactivity, and rapid clearance. We have developed theranostic polymeric vesicles to overcome these hurdles for encapsulation and delivery of small functional molecules and PARP1 siRNA for in vivo delivery to breast cancer tumors. The 100 nm polymer vesicles were assembled from biodegradable and non-ionic poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)14-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)47-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)14 triblock copolymer PVPON14-PDMS47-PVPON14 using nanoprecipitation and thin-film hydration. We demonstrated that the vesicles assembled from the copolymer covalently tagged with the Cy5.5 fluorescent dye for in vivo imaging could also encapsulate the model drug with high loading efficiency (40%). The dye-loaded vesicles were accumulated in tumors after 18 h circulation in 4TR breast tumor-bearing mice via passive targeting. We found that PARP1 siRNA encapsulated into the vesicles was released intact (13%) into solution by the therapeutic ultrasound treatment as quantified by gel electrophoresis. The PARP1 siRNA-loaded polymersomes inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-361TR cells by 34% after 6 days of treatment by suppressing the NF-kB signaling pathway, unlike their scrambled siRNA-loaded counterparts. Finally, the treatment by PARP1 siRNA-loaded vesicles prolonged the survival of the mice bearing 4T1 breast cancer xenografts, with the 4-fold survival increase, unlike the untreated mice after 3 weeks following the treatment. These biodegradable, non-ionic PVPON14-PDMS47-PVPON14 polymeric nanovesicles capable of the efficient encapsulation and delivery of PARP1 siRNA to successfully knock down PARP1 in vivo can provide an advanced platform for the development of precision-targeted therapeutic carriers, which could help develop highly effective drug delivery nanovehicles for breast cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Hazelrig Salter Radiation Oncology Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,The O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Chuan Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Hazelrig Salter Radiation Oncology Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,The O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Steve Zaharias
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Maksim Dolmat
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Shuo Qian
- Neutron Scattering Division and Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Jason M Warram
- The O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,Departments of Otolaryngology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Hazelrig Salter Radiation Oncology Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,The O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,The O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
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7
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Hambly BP, Sears CK, Guzinski M, Perez F, Latonen RM, Bobacka J, Pendley BD, Lindner E. Multilayer and Surface Immobilization of EDOT-Decorated Nanocapsules. Langmuir 2021; 37:499-508. [PMID: 33372781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To assess the feasibility of utilizing reagent-loaded, porous polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) for chemical and biochemical sensor design, the surfaces of the NCs were decorated with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) moieties. The pores in the capsule wall allow unhindered bidirectional diffusion of molecules smaller than the programmed pore sizes, while larger molecules are either entrapped inside or blocked from entering the interior of the nanocapsules. Here, we investigate two electrochemical deposition methods to covalently attach acrylate-based porous nanocapsules with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene moieties on the nanocapsule surface, i.e., EDOT-decorated NCs to the surface of an existing PEDOT film: (1) galvanostatic or bilayer deposition with supporting EDOT in the deposition solution and (2) potentiostatic deposition without supporting EDOT in the deposition solution. The distribution of the covalently attached NCs in the PEDOT films was studied by variable angle FTIR-ATR and XPS depth profiling. The galvanostatic deposition of EDOT-decorated NCs over an existing PEDOT (tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate) [PEDOT(TPFPhB)] film resulted in a bilayer structure, with an interface between the NC-free and NC-loaded layers, that could be traced with variable angle FTIR-ATR measurements. In contrast, the FTIR-ATR and XPS analyses of the films deposited potentiostatically from a solution without EDOT and containing only the EDOT-decorated NCs showed small amounts of NCs in the entire cross section of the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley P Hambly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Chandler K Sears
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Marcin Guzinski
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Felio Perez
- Material Science Lab, Integrated Microscopy Center, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Rose-Marie Latonen
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Bradford D Pendley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Ernő Lindner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
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Dergunov SA, Pinkhassik E. Bilayer-Templated Two-Dimensional RAFT Polymerization for Directed Assembly of Polymer Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18405-18411. [PMID: 32558032 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Co-localization of monomers, crosslinkers, and chain-transfer agents (CTA) within self-assembled bilayers in an aqueous suspension enabled the successful directed assembly of nanocapsules using a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process without compromising the polymerization kinetics. This study uncovered substantial influence of the organized medium on the course of the reaction, including differential reactivity based on placement and mobility of monomers, crosslinkers, and CTAs within the bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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9
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Dergunov SA, Pinkhassik E. Bilayer‐Templated Two‐Dimensional RAFT Polymerization for Directed Assembly of Polymer Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs CT 06269 USA
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10
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Yan K, Kong H, Cui Z, Fu P, Liu M, Qiao X, Pang X. A Versatile Strategy for Unimolecular Micelle-Derived Hollow Polymer Nanoparticles as General Nanoreactors. Langmuir 2020; 36:6690-6697. [PMID: 32493013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We reported the synthesis of a well-defined hollow polymer nanoparticle derived from star-shaped unimolecular micelles. β-Cyclodextrin was first applied as an efficient macroinitiator to prepare a star-shaped PCL via ring-opening polymerization (ROP). Then, the star-shaped PCL was modified to be a macro-RAFT agent for photoinduced electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization of S-Cl monomers. The prepared unimolecular micelles can be photocross-linked under UV irradiation after a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction, which made -Cl groups to be -N3 groups. After the selective removal of the PCL core, hollow polymer nanoparticles were achieved and exhibited to be a general nanoreactor strategy for the fabrication of nanocrystals with well-controlled architectures. Compared with unimolecular micelle templates, the nanocrystals prepared by hollow templates are absolutely pure as no polymer chains are embedded in the inorganic nanocrystals. In addition, by changing the concentration of the precursor, the structure of the nanocrystal can be changed from a normal spherical structure to a hollow structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailong Yan
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huimin Kong
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhe Cui
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Peng Fu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Minying Liu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoguang Qiao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinchang Pang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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11
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Kozlovskaya V, Liu F, Yang Y, Ingle K, Qian S, Halade GV, Urban VS, Kharlampieva E. Temperature-Responsive Polymersomes of Poly(3-methyl- N-vinylcaprolactam)- block-poly( N-vinylpyrrolidone) To Decrease Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3989-4000. [PMID: 31503464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite being one of the most potent chemotherapeutics, doxorubicin (DOX) facilitates cardiac toxicity by irreversibly damaging the cardiac muscle as well as severely dysregulating the immune system and impairing the resolution of cardiac inflammation. Herein, we report synthesis and aqueous self-assembly of nanosized polymersomes from temperature-responsive poly(3-methyl-N-vinylcaprolactam)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PMVC-PVPON) diblock copolymers and demonstrate their potential to minimize DOX cardiotoxicity compared to liposomal DOX. RAFT polymerization of vinylpyrrolidone and 3-methyl-N-vinylcaprolactam, which are structurally similar monomers but have drastically different hydrophobicity, allows decreasing the cloud point of PMVCm-PVPONn copolymers below 20 °C. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PMVC58-PVPONn copolymer varied from 19.2 to 18.6 and to 15.2 °C by decreasing the length of the hydrophilic PVPONn block from n = 98 to n = 65 and to n = 20, respectively. The copolymers assembled into stable vesicles at room temperature when PVPON polymerization degrees were 65 and 98. Anticancer drug DOX was entrapped with high efficiency into the aqueous PMVC58-PVPON65 polymersomal core surrounded by the hydrophobic temperature-sensitive PMVC shell and the hydrophilic PVPON corona. Unlike many liposomal, micellar, or synthetic drug delivery systems, these polymersomes exhibit an exceptionally high loading capacity of DOX (49%) and encapsulation efficiency (95%) due to spontaneous loading of the drug at room temperature from aqueous DOX solution. We also show that C57BL/6J mice injected with the lethal dose of DOX at 15 mg kg-1 did not survive the 14 day treatment, resulting in 100% mortality. The DOX-loaded PMVC58-PVPON65 polymersomes did not cause any mortality in mice indicating that they can be used for successful DOX encapsulation. The gravimetric analyses of the animal organs from mice treated with liposome-encapsulated DOX (Lipo-DOX) and PMVC58-PVPON65 polymersomes (Poly-DOX) revealed that the Lipo-DOX injection caused some toxicity manifesting as decreased body weight compared to Poly-DOX and saline control. Masses of the left ventricle of the heart, lung, and spleen reduced in the Lipo-DOX-treated mice compared to the nontoxic saline control, while no significant decrease of those masses was observed for the Poly-DOX-treated mice. Our results provide evidence for superior stability of synthetic polymersomes in vivo and show promise for the development of next-generation drug carriers with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shuo Qian
- Neutron Scattering Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | | | - Volker S Urban
- Neutron Scattering Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
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12
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Dergunov SA, Richter AG, Kim MD, Pingali SV, Urban VS, Pinkhassik E. Deciphering and Controlling Structural and Functional Parameters of the Shells in Vesicle-Templated Polymer Nanocapsules. Langmuir 2019; 35:13020-13030. [PMID: 31403799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle-templated nanocapsules are prepared by polymerization of hydrophobic acrylic monomers and cross-linkers in the hydrophobic interior of self-assembled bilayers. Understanding the mechanism of capsule formation and the influence of synthetic parameters on the structural features and functional performance of nanocapsules is critical for the rational design of functional nanodevices, an emerging trend of application of the nanocapsule platform. This study investigated the relationship between basic parameters of the formulation and synthesis of nanocapsules and structural and functional characteristics of the resulting structures. Variations in the monomer/surfactant ratio, temperature of polymerization, and the molar fraction of the free-radical initiators were investigated with a multipronged approach, including shell thickness measurements using small-angle neutron scattering, evaluation of the structural integrity of nanocapsules with scanning electron microscopy, and determination of the retention of entrapped molecules using absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy. Surprisingly, the thickness of the shells did not correlate with the monomer/surfactant ratio, supporting the hypothesis of substantial stabilization of the surfactant bilayer with loaded monomers. Decreasing the temperature of polymerization had no effect on the spherical structure of nanocapsules but resulted in progressively lower retention of entrapped molecules, suggesting that a spherical skeleton of nanocapsule forms rapidly, followed by filling the gaps to create the structure without pinholes. Lower content of initiators resulted in slower reactions, outlining the baseline conditions for practical synthetic protocols. Taken together, these findings provide insights into the formation of nanocapsules and offer methods for controlling the properties of nanocapsules in viable synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd. , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Andrew George Richter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Valparaiso University , Valparaiso , Indiana 46383 , United States
| | - Mariya D Kim
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd. , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Center for Structural Molecular Biology , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008 MS-6430, Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831-6430 , United States
| | - Volker S Urban
- Center for Structural Molecular Biology , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008 MS-6430, Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831-6430 , United States
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd. , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
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13
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Stelmach E, Kłucińska K, Maksymiuk K, Michalska A. Rational design of nanoptodes architecture – Towards multifunctional sensors. Talanta 2019; 196:226-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Yang Y, Alford A, Kozlovskaya V, Zhao S, Joshi H, Kim E, Qian S, Urban V, Cropek D, Aksimentiev A, Kharlampieva E. Effect of temperature and hydrophilic ratio on the structure of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) polymersomes. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2019; 1:722-736. [PMID: 31828238 PMCID: PMC6905513 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.8b00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized polymeric vesicles (polymersomes) assembled from ABA triblock copolymers of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL-PDMS-PVCL) are a promising platform for biomedical applications, as the temperature-responsiveness of the PVCL blocks enables reversible vesicle shrinkage and permeability of the polymersome shell at elevated temperatures. Herein, we explore the effects of molecular weight, polymer block weight ratios, and temperature on the structure of these polymersomes via electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and all-atom molecular dynamic methods. We show that the shell structure and overall size of the polymersome can be tuned by varying the hydrophilic (PVCL) weight fraction of the polymer: at room temperature, polymers of smaller hydrophilic ratios form larger vesicles that have thinner shells, whereas polymers with higher PVCL content exhibit interchain aggregation of PVCL blocks within the polymersome shell above 50 °C. Model fitting and model-free analysis of the SANS data reveals that increasing the mass ratio of PVCL to the total copolymer weight from 0.3 to 0.56 reduces the temperature-induced change in vesicle diameter by a factor of 3 while simultaneously increasing the change in shell thickness by a factor of 1.5. Finally, by analysis of the shell structures and overall size of polymersomes with various PVCL weight ratios and those without temperature-dependent polymer components, we bring into focus the mechanism of temperature-triggered drug release reported in a previous study. This work provides new fundamental perspectives on temperature-responsive polymersomes and elucidates important structure-property relationships of their constituent polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
| | - Aaron Alford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
| | - Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
| | - Shidi Zhao
- Department of Physics, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Physics, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Eunjung Kim
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Shuo Qian
- Neutron Scattering Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Volker Urban
- Neutron Scattering Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Donald Cropek
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
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15
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Abstract
Vesicle-templated nanocapsules offer a unique combination of properties enabled by robust shells with single-nanometer thickness containing programmed uniform pores capable of fast and selective mass transfer. These capsules emerged as a versatile platform for creating functional devices, such as nanoreactors, nanosensors, and containers for the delivery of drugs and imaging agents. Nanocapsules are synthesized by a directed assembly method using self-assembled bilayers of vesicles as temporary scaffolds. In this approach, hydrophobic building blocks are loaded into the hydrophobic interior of vesicles formed from lipids or surfactants. Pore-forming templates are codissolved with the monomers and cross-linkers in the interior of the bilayer. The polymerization forms a cross-linked shell with embedded pore-forming templates. Removal of the surfactant scaffold and pore-forming templates leads to free-standing nanocapsules with shells containing uniform imprinted nanopores. Development of reliable and scalable synthetic methods for the modular construction of capsules with tunable properties has opened the opportunity to pursue practical applications of nanocapsules. In this Account, we discuss how unique properties of vesicle-templated nanocapsules translate into the creation of functional nanodevices. Specifically, we focus the conversation on applications aiming at the delivery of drugs and imaging agents, creation of fast-acting and selective nanoreactors, and fabrication of nanoprobes for sensing and imaging. We present a brief overview of the synthesis of nanocapsules with an emphasis on recent developments leading to robust synthetic methods including the synthesis under physiological conditions and creation of biodegradable nanocapsules. We then highlight unique properties of nanocapsules essential for practical applications, such as precise control of pore size and chemical environment, selective permeability, and ultrafast transport through the pores. We discuss new motifs for catch and release of small molecules with porous nanocapsules based on controlling the microenvironment inside the nanocapsules, regulating the charge on the orifice of nanopores in the shells, and reversible synergistic action of host and guest forming a supramolecular complex in nanocapsules. We demonstrate successful creation of fast-acting and selective nanoreactors by encapsulation of diverse homogeneous and nanoparticle catalysts. Due to unhindered flow of substrates and products through the nanopores, encapsulation did not compromise catalytic efficiency and, in fact, improved the stability of entrapped catalysts. We present robust nanoprobes based on nanocapsules with entrapped sensing agents and show how the encapsulation resulted in selective measurements with fast response times in challenging conditions, such as small volumes and complex mixtures. Throughout this Account, we highlight the advantages of encapsulation and discuss the opportunities for future design of nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Mariya D. Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Sergey N. Shmakov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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16
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Omlid SM, Dergunov SA, Isor A, Sulkowski KL, Petroff JT, Pinkhassik E, McCulla RD. Evidence for diffusing atomic oxygen uncovered by separating reactants with a semi-permeable nanocapsule barrier. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1706-1709. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ground-state atomic oxygen [O(3P)] is an oxidant whose formation in solution was proposed but never proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Omlid
- Department of Chemistry
- Saint Louis University
- St. Louis
- USA
| | | | - Ankita Isor
- Department of Chemistry
- Saint Louis University
- St. Louis
- USA
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17
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Abstract
The sub-nanometer scale provided by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering is of special importance to pharmaceutical and biomedical investigators. As drug delivery devices become more functionalized and continue decreasing in size, the ability to elucidate details on size scales smaller than those available from optical techniques becomes extremely pertinent. Information gathered from small angle scattering therefore aids the endeavor of optimizing pharmaceutical efficacy at its most fundamental level. This chapter will provide some relevant examples of drug carrier technology and how small angle scattering (SAS) can be used to solve their mysteries. An emphasis on common first-step data treatments is provided which should help clarify the contents of scattering data to new researchers. Specific examples of pharmaceutically relevant research on novel systems and the role SAS plays in these studies will be discussed. This chapter provides an overview of the current applications of SAS in drug research and some practical considerations for selecting scattering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Alford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14th Street South, CHEM 272, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14th Street South, CHEM 272, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14th Street South, CHEM 272, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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18
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Dhawan VV, Nagarsenker MS. Catanionic systems in nanotherapeutics – Biophysical aspects and novel trends in drug delivery applications. J Control Release 2017; 266:331-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Kim MD, Dergunov SA, Pinkhassik E. Controlling the Encapsulation of Charged Molecules in Vesicle-Templated Nanocontainers through Electrostatic Interactions with the Bilayer Scaffold. Langmuir 2017; 33:7732-7740. [PMID: 28679052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work addresses the challenge of creating hollow nanocapsules with a controlled quantity of encapsulated molecules. Such nanocontainers or nanorattle-like structures represent an attractive platform for building functional devices, including nanoreactors and nanosensors. By taking advantage of the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged cargo molecules and the surface of the templating bilayer of catanionic vesicles, formed by mixing single-tailed cationic and anionic surfactants, we were able to achieve a substantial increase in the local concentration of molecules inside the vesicle-templated nanocapsules. Control of electrostatic interactions through changes in the formulation of catanionic vesicles or the pH of the solution enabled fine tuning of the encapsulation efficiency in capturing ionic solutes. The ability to control the quantity of entrapped molecules greatly expands the application of nanocontainers in the creation of functional nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya D Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Sergey A Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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20
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Richter AG, Dergunov SA, Kim MD, Shmakov SN, Pingali SV, Urban VS, Liu Y, Pinkhassik E. Unraveling the Single-Nanometer Thickness of Shells of Vesicle-Templated Polymer Nanocapsules. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3630-3636. [PMID: 28715200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle-templated nanocapsules have emerged as a viable platform for diverse applications. Shell thickness is a critical structural parameter of nanocapsules, where the shell plays a crucial role providing mechanical stability and control of permeability. Here we used small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to determine the thickness of freestanding and surfactant-stabilized nanocapsules. Despite being at the edge of detectability, we were able to show the polymer shell thickness to be typically 1.0 ± 0.1 nm, which places vesicle-templated nanocapsules among the thinnest materials ever created. The extreme thinness of the shells has implications for several areas: mass-transport through nanopores is relatively unimpeded; pore-forming molecules are not limited to those spanning the entire bilayer; the internal volume of the capsules is maximized; and insight has been gained on how polymerization occurs in the confined geometry of a bilayer scaffold, being predominantly located at the phase-separated layer of monomers and cross-linkers between the surfactant leaflets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Richter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Valparaiso University , Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, United States
| | - Sergey A Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Mariya D Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Sergey N Shmakov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Center for Structural Molecular Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008 MS-6430, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6430, United States
| | - Volker S Urban
- Center for Structural Molecular Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008 MS-6430, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6430, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Neutron Science, National Institute of Standards and Technology , 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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21
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Dergunov SA, Khabiyev AT, Shmakov SN, Kim MD, Ehterami N, Weiss MC, Birman VB, Pinkhassik E. Encapsulation of Homogeneous Catalysts in Porous Polymer Nanocapsules Produces Fast-Acting Selective Nanoreactors. ACS Nano 2016; 10:11397-11406. [PMID: 28024370 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoreactors were created by entrapping homogeneous catalysts in hollow nanocapsules with 200 nm diameter and semipermeable nanometer-thin shells. The capsules were produced by the polymerization of hydrophobic monomers in the hydrophobic interior of the bilayers of self-assembled surfactant vesicles. Controlled nanopores in the shells of nanocapsules ensured long-term retention of the catalysts coupled with the rapid flow of substrates and products in and out of nanocapsules. The study evaluated the effect of encapsulation on the catalytic activity and stability of five different catalysts. Comparison of kinetics of five diverse reactions performed in five different solvents revealed the same reaction rates for free and encapsulated catalysts. Identical reaction kinetics confirmed that placement of catalysts in the homogeneous interior of polymer nanocapsules did not compromise catalytic efficiency. Encapsulated organometallic catalysts showed no loss of metal ions from nanocapsules suggesting stabilization of the complexes was provided by nanocapsules. Controlled permeability of the shells of nanocapsules enabled size-selective catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Alibek T Khabiyev
- Kazakh National Research Technical University , 22 Satpayev St., Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Sergey N Shmakov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Mariya D Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Nasim Ehterami
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University , 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Mary Clare Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University , 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Vladimir B Birman
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis , One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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22
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Novak S, Morasi Piperčić S, Makarić S, Primožič I, Ćurlin M, Štefanić Z, Domazet Jurašin D. Interplay of Noncovalent Interactions in Ionic Liquid/Sodium Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate Mixtures: From Lamellar to Bicontinuous Cubic Liquid Crystalline Phase. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12557-12567. [PMID: 27973815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phase transitions in mixtures of imidazolium based ionic liquid ([C12mim]Br) and anionic double tail surfactant, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT), were studied using a multitechnique approach. The system was primarily chosen for its expected ability to form a variety of lamellar and nonlamellar liquid crystalline phases which can transform into each other via different mechanisms. Depending on the bulk composition and total surfactant concentration, mixed micelles, coacervates, and lamellar and inverse bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline phase were observed. Along with electrostatic attractions and geometric packing constraints, additional noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking) enhanced attractive interactions and stabilized low curvature aggregates. At stoichiometric conditions, coexistence of coacervates and vesicles was found at lower, while bicontinuous cubic phase and vesicles were present at higher total surfactant concentrations. The phase transitions from a dispersed lamellar to inverse cubic bicontinuous phase occur as a consequence of charge shielding and closer packing of oppositely charged headgroups followed by a change in bilayer curvature. Transition is continuous with both phases coexisting over a relatively broad range of concentrations and very likely involves a sponge-like phase as a structural intermediate. To the best of our knowledge, this type of phase transition has not been observed before in surface active ionic liquid/surfactant mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Novak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.,Institute of Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich , Leo-Brandt Strasse, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Sara Morasi Piperčić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandro Makarić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ines Primožič
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Ćurlin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine , Šalata 3, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Štefanić
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute , Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Domazet Jurašin
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute , Bijenička cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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23
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Dergunov SA, Ehterami N, Pinkhassik E. Rotaxane‐Like Structures Threaded through the Pores of Hollow Porous Nanocapusles. Chemistry 2016; 22:14137-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs CT 06269 (USA)
| | - Nasim Ehterami
- Department of Chemistry Saint Louis University 3501 Laclede Avenue St. Louis MO 63103 USA
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs CT 06269 (USA)
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24
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Jia Y, Shmakov SN, Pinkhassik E. Controlled Permeability in Porous Polymer Nanocapsules Enabling Size- and Charge-Selective SERS Nanoprobes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:19755-63. [PMID: 27186787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprobes for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) were prepared by creating nanorattles, or yolk-shell structures, containing gold or silver nanoparticles entrapped in porous hollow polymer nanocapsules. Controlled permeability of the shells of nanocapsules, achieved by controlling the pore size and/or shell surface functionalization, resulted in size- and charge-selective SERS analyses. For example, a trace amount of phenanthroline, a model analyte, was detected in human blood plasma without preprocessing of plasma samples. Comparison with commercially available nanoparticles showed superior performance of the newly prepared nanorattle structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University , 3501 Laclede Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Sergey N Shmakov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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25
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Dergunov SA, Kim MD, Shmakov SN, Richter AG, Weigand S, Pinkhassik E. Tuning Optical Properties of Encapsulated Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles through Stimuli‐Triggered Controlled Aggregation. Chemistry 2016; 22:7702-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Dergunov
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs 06269 CT USA
| | - Mariya D. Kim
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs 06269 CT USA
| | - Sergey N. Shmakov
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs 06269 CT USA
| | - Andrew G. Richter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Valparaiso University Valparaiso IN 46383 USA
| | - Steven Weigand
- DND-CAT Advanced Photon Source, ANL Bldg. 432 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Eugene Pinkhassik
- Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut 55 North Eagleville Road Storrs 06269 CT USA
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27
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Dong S, Spicer PT, Lucien FP, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of crosslinked polymeric nanocapsules using catanionic vesicle templates stabilized by compressed CO2. Soft Matter 2015; 11:8613-8620. [PMID: 26382324 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of polymeric nanocapsules in the approximate diameter range 40-100 nm (TEM/SEM) using catanionic surfactant vesicle templates stabilized by subcritical CO2 is demonstrated. Near equimolar aqueous solutions of the surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) experienced immediate vesicle destabilization and precipitation in the absence of CO2. However, pressurization with CO2 (5 MPa) dramatically enhanced the stability of the initial vesicles, and enabled swelling of the bilayers with hydrophobic monomers via diffusion loading (loading of monomers into preformed bilayers). Subsequent radical crosslinking polymerization of the monomers n-butyl methacrylate/tert-butyl methacrylate/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate contained within the bilayers was conducted at room temperature using UV-initiation under CO2 pressure. The hollow structure of the resultant nano-objects was confirmed by successful encapsulation and retention of the dye Nile Blue. It is demonstrated that using this method, polymeric nanocapsules can be successfully prepared using diffusion loading of up to 94 wt% monomer (rel. to surfactant) stabilized by CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Dong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Patrick T Spicer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Frank P Lucien
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Per B Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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29
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Kim MD, Dergunov SA, Pinkhassik E. Directed assembly of vesicle-templated polymer nanocapsules under near-physiological conditions. Langmuir 2015; 31:2561-2568. [PMID: 25573426 DOI: 10.1021/la5046095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work addresses the challenge of creating hollow polymer capsules with wall thickness in the single-nanometer range under mild conditions. We present a simple and scalable method for the synthesis of hollow polymer nanocapsules in the bilayers of spontaneously assembled surfactant vesicles. Polymerization is initiated thermally with the help of a peroxide initiator and an amine activator codissolved with monomers and cross-linkers in the hydrophobic interior of the surfactant bilayer. To avoid premature polymerization, the initiator and the activator were added separately to the mixtures of cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate (CTAT) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) containing monomers and cross-linkers. Upon hydration and mixing of the aqueous solutions, equilibrium monomer-loaded vesicles formed spontaneously after a brief incubation. The removal of oxygen and further incubation at slightly elevated temperatures (35-40 °C) for 1 to 2 h has led to the formation of hollow polymer nanocapsules. Structural and permeability characterization supported the high yield of nanocapsules with no pinhole defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya D Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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30
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Maclin AQ, Kim MD, Dergunov SA, Pinkhassik E, Lindner E. Small-Volume pH Sensing with a Capillary Optode Utilizing Dye-Loaded Porous Nanocapsules in a Hydrogel Matrix. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Abstract
This tutorial review highlights the progress made during recent years in the development of the shell cross-linked (SCL) polymer nanocapsules and the impact of the most important scientific ideas on this field of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Miksa
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Science
- Lodz
- Poland
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32
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Wang X, Fu J, Chen Z, Li Q, Wu X, Xu Q. Hollow polyphosphazene microspheres with cross-linked chemical structure: synthesis, formation mechanism and applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00560d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow polyphosphazene microspheres with highly cross-linked chemical structures were prepared by a template-induced assembly mechanism. The hollow microspheres display good stability towards Au nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P R China
| | - Jianwei Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P R China
| | - Zhonghui Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P R China
| | - Qiong Li
- Henan Rebecca Hair Products Incorporated
- Xuchang
- P R China
| | - Xuebing Wu
- Henan Rebecca Hair Products Incorporated
- Xuchang
- P R China
| | - Qun Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P R China
| |
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