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Chen J, Zhu Y, Zhao D, Zhang L, Zhang J, Xiao Y, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhan Q. Co-targeting FAK and Gli1 inhibits the tumor-associated macrophages-released CCL22-mediated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma malignancy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e381. [PMID: 37846367 PMCID: PMC10576977 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a frequently seen esophageal tumor type in China. Activation of signaling proteins and relevant molecular mechanisms in ESCC are partially explored, impairing the antitumor efficiency of targeted therapy in ESCC treatment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)-released C-C motif chemokine 22 (CCL22) can activate intratumoral focal adhesion kinase (FAK), thus promoting the progression of ESCC. Here, we demonstrated that highly secreted CCL22 by TAMs (CCL22-positive TAMs) induced ESCC cell stemness and invasion through facilitating transcriptional activity of intratumoral glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1), a downstream effector for Hedgehog (HH) pathway. Mechanistically, FAK-activated protein kinase B (AKT) mediated Gli1 phosphorylation at its Ser112/Thr115/Ser116 sites and released Gli1 from suppressor of fused homolog, the endogenous inhibitor of Gli1 to activate downstream stemness-associated factors, such as SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), Nanog homeobox (Nanog), or POU class 5 homeobox (OCT4). Furthermore, inhibition of FAK activity by VS-4718, the FAK inhibitor, enhanced antitumor effect of GDC-0449, the HH inhibitor, both in xenografted models and in vitro assays. Clinically, CCL22/Gli1 axis is used to evaluate ESCC prognosis. Overall, our study establishes the communication of FAK with HH pathway and offers the novel mechanism related to Gli1 activation independent of Smoothened as well as the rationale for the anti-ESCC combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
- Peking University International Cancer InstitutePeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer ResearchChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- Soochow University Cancer InstituteSuzhouChina
| | - Yanmeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
- Peking University International Cancer InstitutePeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer ResearchChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lingyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yuanfan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Qingnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
- Peking University International Cancer InstitutePeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer ResearchChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
- Peking University International Cancer InstitutePeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer ResearchChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
- Peking University International Cancer InstitutePeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer ResearchChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- Soochow University Cancer InstituteSuzhouChina
- Institute of Cancer ResearchShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina
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2
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Li H, Wang S, Li X, Weng Y, Guo D, Kong P, Cheng C, Wang Y, Zhang L, Cheng X, Cui Y. CDCA7 promotes TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via transcriptionally regulating Smad4/Smad7 in ESCC. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:91-104. [PMID: 36056599 PMCID: PMC9807500 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell division cycle associated 7 (CDCA7) is a copy number amplification gene that contributes to the metastasis and invasion of tumors, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This present study aimed at clarifying whether high expression of CDCA7 promotes the metastasis and invasion of ESCC cell lines and exploring the underlying mechanisms implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ESCC. The role of CDCA7 in the regulation of ESCC metastasis and invasion was evaluated using ESCC cell lines. Expression of EMT-related markers including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and Slug, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway including Smad2/3, p-Smad2/3, Smad4, and Smad7 were detected in CDCA7 knockdown and overexpressed cell lines. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue assay were used to explore the underlying mechanisms that CDCA7 contributed to the metastasis and invasion of ESCC. High CDCA7 expression significantly promoted the metastasis and invasion of ESCC cell lines both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the expression of CDCA7 positively correlated with the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, Slug, TGF-β signaling pathway and negatively correlated with the expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, CDCA7 transcriptionally regulated the expression of Smad4 and Smad7. Knockdown of CDCA7 inhibited the TGF-β signaling pathway and therefore inhibited EMT. Our data indicated that CDCA7 was heavily involved in EMT by regulating the expression of Smad4 and Smad7 in TGF-β signaling pathway. CDCA7 might be a new therapeutic target in the suppression of metastasis and invasion of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Shaojie Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xiubo Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yongjia Weng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Dinghe Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Pengzhou Kong
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Caixia Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The First HospitalShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xiaolong Cheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yongping Cui
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical ScienceShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of EducationShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
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3
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Hu Y, Li Q, Yi K, Yang C, Lei Q, Wang G, Wang Q, Xu X. HuR Affects the Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Cancer by Regulating the EMT-Related Protein Snail. Front Oncol 2022; 12:883444. [PMID: 35664798 PMCID: PMC9160430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.883444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We previously found that Hu antigen R (HuR) can regulate the proliferation and metastasis of esophageal cancer cells. This study aims to explore the effects of HuR on the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer. Materials and Method Analyses of CCK-8, colony formation assay, Western blot, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential were conducted to characterize the esophageal cancer cells. Nude mouse models were used to detect the effects of HuR in a combination of X-ray treatment on the subcutaneous xenografts of esophageal cancer. In addition, a luciferase assay was used to detect the direct interaction of HuR with Snail mRNA 3’-UTR. Results The down-regulation of HuR combined with X-ray can significantly inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of esophageal cancer cells. Flow cytometry data showed that the down-regulation of HuR could induce a G1 phase cell cycle block in esophageal cancer cells, and aggravate X-ray-induced apoptosis, indicated by the increases of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9. Moreover, the down-regulation of HuR could significantly impair the mitochondrial membrane potential and increase the ROS production and DNA double-strand break marker γH2AX expression in esophageal cancer cells that were exposed to X-rays. In vivo data showed that the down-regulation of HuR combined with radiation significantly decreased the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors. Furthermore, HuR could interact with Snail. Up-regulation of Snail can reverse the EMT inhibitory effects caused by HuR down-regulation, and attenuate the tumor-inhibiting and radiosensitizing effects caused by HuR down-regulation. Conclusion In summary, our data demonstrate that HuR effectively regulates the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer, which may be achieved by stabilizing Snail. Thus, HuR/Snail axis is a potentially therapeutic target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Central Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Central Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China
| | - Chi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China
| | - Qingjun Lei
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Central Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, China
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4
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Lei X, Li Z, Zhong Y, Li S, Chen J, Ke Y, Lv S, Huang L, Pan Q, Zhao L, Yang X, Chen Z, Deng Q, Yu X. Gli1 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis of non-small cell lung carcinoma by regulating Snail transcriptional activity and stability. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [PMID: 36213531 PMCID: PMC9532560 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is crucial for the mortality of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in regulating tumor metastasis. Glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) is aberrantly active in a series of tumor tissues. However, the molecular regulatory relationships between Gli1 and NSCLC metastasis have not yet been identified. Herein, we reported Gli1 promoted NSCLC metastasis. High Gli1 expression was associated with poor survival of NSCLC patients. Ectopic expression of Gli1 in low metastatic A549 and NCI-H460 cells enhanced their migration, invasion abilities and facilitated EMT process, whereas knock-down of Gli1 in high metastatic NCI-H1299 and NCI-H1703 cells showed an opposite effect. Notably, Gli1 overexpression accelerated the lung and liver metastasis of NSCLC in the intravenously injected metastasis model. Further research showed that Gli1 positively regulated Snail expression by binding to its promoter and enhancing its protein stability, thereby facilitating the migration, invasion and EMT of NSCLC. In addition, administration of GANT-61, a Gli1 inhibitor, obviously suppressed the metastasis of NSCLC. Collectively, our study reveals that Gli1 is a critical regulator for NSCLC metastasis and suggests that targeting Gli1 is a prospective therapy strategy for metastatic NSCLC.
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Yamaguchi J, Kokuryo T, Yokoyama Y, Ebata T, Ochiai Y, Nagino M. Premalignant pancreatic cells seed stealth metastasis in distant organs in mice. Oncogene 2021; 40:2273-84. [PMID: 33649537 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that the dissemination of tumor cells occurs at the early stage of breast and pancreatic carcinogenesis, which is known as early dissemination. The evidence of early dissemination has been demonstrated predominantly in the bloodstream and bone marrow; however, limited evidence has revealed the existence and behavior of disseminated cells in distant organs. Here, we show that premalignant pancreatic cells seed distant stealth metastasis that eventually develops into manifest metastasis. By analyzing lineage-labeled pancreatic cancer mouse models (KPCT/TFF1KO; Pdx1-Cre/LSL-KRASG12D/LSL-p53R172H/LSL-tdTomato/TFF1KO), we found that premalignant pancreatic cells, rather than mature malignant cells, were prone to enter the bloodstream and reside in the bone marrow, liver, and lung. While these metastatic cells exhibited the characteristics of the cells of host organs and did not behave as malignant cells, they underwent malignant transformation and formed distinct tumors. Surprisingly, the manifestation of distant metastasis occurred even before tumor development in the primary site. Our data revealed that disseminated premalignant cells reside stealthily in distant organs and evolve in parallel with the progression of the primary tumor. These observations suggest that we must rebuild a therapeutic strategy for metastatic pancreatic cancer.
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Guan Y, Guan A, Chen L, Gong A. LINC00461 facilitates HNSCC development and reduces chemosensitivity by impairing miR-195-mediated inhibition of HOXA10. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 21:74-86. [PMID: 33869744 PMCID: PMC8027536 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox A10 (HOXA10) has been regarded to serve as an oncogene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study was intended to explore the interaction among the long intergenic noncoding RNA 00461 (LINC00461), microRNA (miR)-195, and HOXA10, and to investigate its role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemoresistance in HNSCC. The effects of LINC00461, miR-195, and HOXA10 on the EMT and chemoresistance of HNSCC cells were analyzed by comprehensive analysis of gain- and loss-of-function techniques. The intimate relationships among LINC00461, miR-195, and HOXA10 were investigated by several procedures such as RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. A xenotransplantation tumor model in nude mice was established for the assessment of the tumorigenic ability of the cells in vivo. Our findings indicated that LINC00461 was highly expressed in HNSCC and its overexpression induced EMT and precipitated the chemoresistance of HNSCC cells to cisplatin. The LINC00461 could bind to miR-195 while miR-195 targeted HOXA10 independently. Moreover, LINC00461 impaired miR-195-mediated inhibition of HOXA10 to induce EMT and increase the chemoresistance in HNSCC. Tumor weight and volume were reduced by lentivirus-mediated elevation of miR-195 by inhibition of HOXA10, which could be annulled by LINC00461 overexpression. LINC00461 downregulates the expression of miR-195 to subsequently upregulate the expression of HOXA10, thereby promoting EMT and enhancing chemoresistance in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Guan
- Department of Stomatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Aizhong Guan
- Department of Stomatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Aimei Gong
- Department of Stomatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, Shandong, P.R. China
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Hu Z, Xie F, Hu A, Xu M, Liu Y, Zhang J, Xiao J, Song Y, Zhong J, Chen B. Silencing glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 suppresses the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:228. [PMID: 32968450 PMCID: PMC7500057 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a key component and functions as a reliable marker of Hedgehog signaling pathway activation. Previous studies have demonstrated that Gli1 serves important roles in the progression of various types of cancer, including HCC. However, its effect on HCC invasion and metastasis and the underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. Small interference RNA was employed to silence the Gli1 gene in liver cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of Gli1, respectively. A series of assays, including Cell Counting Kit-8, adhesion, wound healing and Matrigel invasion were performed to investigate cell viability, adhesive, migratory and invasive capabilities of liver cancer cells, respectively. In addition, immunofluorescence staining was performed to determine the cellular localization of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphorylated (p-)FAK and p-AKT. The mRNA and protein expression of Gli1 in liver cancer cells (HepG2 and SK-Hep1) were markedly decreased in a dose-dependent manner following Gli1-knockdown. Gli1 silencing significantly inhibited the adhesion, migration and invasion of SK-Hep1 cells. Additionally, knockdown of Gli1 markedly suppressed the expression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, downregulation of Gli1 blocked the FAK/AKT signaling pathway. Gli1 serves significant roles in the migration and invasion of HCC cells through activation of the FAK/AKT signaling pathway and subsequent upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. Thus, Gli1 may be a potential protein target for the regulation of HCC migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeming Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Ang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Mengjing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yuwen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yunlei Song
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jianing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
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Dantas RCM, Guimarães VSN, de Souza RO, Valverde LF, Vidal MTA, Nogueira RLR, da Rocha LOS, Araújo GT, Dos Santos JN, Rocha CAG. Immunodetection of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Proliferation Markers in GLi-1-positive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:335-44. [PMID: 32769440 DOI: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), involvement and activation of the Hedgehog pathway (HH) may be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell proliferation. The present study aimed to evaluate epithelial-mesenchymal transition and proliferative potential in OSCC cases demonstrating activation of the HH pathway. Twenty-three GLi-1-positive OSCC cases were submitted to immunohistochemical detection of Snail, Slug, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and MCM3 proteins. Clinical-pathologic immunoexpression data were obtained from the invasion front and tumor islets, and then compared. At the invasion front, OSCC cases presented positive Snail, Slug, and MCM3 expression in the nuclei of tumor cells. Loss of membrane and cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin was also observed. Positive N-cadherin expression was observed in 31.78% of the cases. GLi-1 immunoexpression was associated with loss of membrane E-cadherin (P<0.001), membrane β-catenin (P<0.001), and cytoplasmic β-catenin (P=0.02) expression. In the tumor islets, we observed nuclear expression of GLi-1, Snail, Slug, and MCM3. E-cadherin and β-catenin showed positivity in tumor cell membranes. Statistically significant positive correlations between GLi-1 and Snail (P=0.05), E-cadherin (P=0.01), and cytoplasmic β-catenin (P=0.04) were found. GLi-1 was associated with clinical staging, while membrane β-catenin expression was related to the presence of metastasis in lymph nodes and to clinical staging. The HH pathway may be involved in regulating the expression of the mesenchymal phenotype. The loss of membrane E-cadherin and β-catenin expression was observed at the tumor front region, whereas cell adhesion protein expression was detected in tumor islets regardless of MCM3.
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Tian L, Yang L, Zheng W, Hu Y, Ding P, Wang Z, Zheng D, Fu L, Chen B, Xiao T, Wang Y, Chen F, Liu J, Gao K, Shen S, Zhai R. RNA sequencing of exosomes revealed differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs in early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and benign esophagitis. Epigenomics 2020; 12:525-541. [PMID: 32043367 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the roles of exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and benign esophagitis. Materials & methods: Exosomal lncRNAs were analyzed using RNA-seq and validated by quantitative real-time PCR, loss-of-function, co-culture and RNA pulldown assays. Results: Exosomal lncRNAs displayed tighter tissue-specificity, higher expression level and lower splicing efficiency than that of mRNAs. A total of 152 exosomal lncRNAs were differentially expressed between ESCC and controls. A total of 124 exosomal lncRNAs were dysregulated between ESCC and esophagitis. Knockdown of 13 ESCC-associated lncRNAs modified proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of ESCC cells. A novel lncRNA RP5-1092A11.2 was highly expressed in ESCC-derived exosomes, ESCC cells and tumor tissues. Exosomes released from RP5-1092A11.2-knockdown cells inhibited ESCC cell proliferation. Conclusion: Dysregulated exosomal lncRNAs were functionally associated with different disease status in esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Yinqing Hu
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518023, PR China
| | - Peikun Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, PR China
| | - Duo Zheng
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Li Fu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518023, PR China
| | - Tian Xiao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518023, PR China
| | - Kaiping Gao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rihong Zhai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Carson Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
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Yan Y, Liu X, Gao J, Wu Y, Li Y. Inhibition of TGF-β Signaling in Gliomas by the Flavonoid Diosmetin Isolated from Dracocephalum peregrinum L. Molecules 2020; 25:E192. [PMID: 31906574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dracocephalum peregrinum L., a traditional Kazakh medicine, has good expectorant, anti-cough, and to some degree, anti-asthmatic effects. Diosmetin (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone), a natural flavonoid found in traditional Chinese herbs, is the main flavonoid in D. peregrinum L. and has been used in various medicinal products because of its anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, estrogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of diosmetin on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of glioma cells, as well as the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), scratch wound, and Transwell assays were used to demonstrate the effects of diosmetin in glioma. Protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), E-cadherin, and phosphorylated and unphosphorylated smad2 and smad3 were determined by Western blots. U251 glioma cell development and progression were measured in vivo in a mouse model. Results: Diosmetin inhibited U251 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, the TGF-β signaling pathway, and Bcl-2 expression. In contrast, there was a significant increase in E-cadherin, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, it effectively reduced the tumorigenicity of glioma cells and promoted apoptosis in vivo. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that diosmetin suppresses the growth of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo, possibly by activating E-cadherin expression and inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Li J, He Y, Cao Y, Yu Y, Chen X, Gao X, Hu Q. Upregulation of Twist is involved in Gli1 induced migration and invasion of hepatocarcinoma cells. Biol Chem 2019; 399:911-919. [PMID: 29908118 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while its detailed mechanisms are not well illustrated. Our present study revealed that the expression of Gli1, while not Gli2 or Gli3, is significantly increased in HCC cell lines and 20/28 (71.4%) HCC tissues as compared with their corresponding controls. Over expression of Gli1 can promote the migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells. Gli1 can increase the expression of Twist, while not other EMT transcription factors such as Snail, ZEB1 or Slug. Gli1 increases the transcription of Twist while it has no significant effect on the protein or mRNA stability. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction confirms that Gli1 can directly bind to the promoter of Twist, in which the third binding site is essential for Gli1 induced transcription. Collectively, our data suggest that upregulation of Twist is involved in Gli1 induced migration and invasion of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiaojuan Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qiuyue Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Lin P, Pang Q, Wang P, Lv X, Liu L, Li A. The targeted regulation of Gli1 by miR-361 to inhibit epithelia-mesenchymal transition and invasion of esophageal carcinoma cells. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:489-498. [PMID: 29125483 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. Gli1, a transcriptional factor in Hedgehog pathway, is correlated with EMT, invasion and metastasis of tumors. However, its role in esophageal cancer is still unknown. Bioinformatics analysis revealed relationship between microRNA (miR)-361 and 3'-UTR of Gli1 gene. This study thus investigated the role of miR-361 and Gli1 in invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer. Both tumor and adjacent tissues were collected from 58 esophageal cancer patients to test the expressions of miR-361 and Gli1, the relationship of which was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Cultured esophageal cancer cells EC9706 were transfected with mimic NC, miR-361 mimic, si-NC, si-Gli1, miR-361 mimics+si-Glil, pQC or pQC-FU-Gli1. Transwell and colony formation assays were performed for cell invasion and attachment-independent growth. Expressions of Gli1, Snail, E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins were revealed by Western blotting. The expression of Gli1 was significantly elevated in esophageal cancer tissues, along with lower miR-361 expression which was correlated with TNM stage. MiR-361 inhibited the expression of Gli1 via targeting on 3'-UTR of Gli1 gene. The transfection of miR-361 mimics and/or si-Gli1 significantly suppressed the growth of malignant cells. The over-expression of miR-361 and/or silencing of Gli1 decreased intracellular expression of Gli1, Snail and N-cadherin, and increased E-cadherin expression to suppress EMT and invasion of tumor cells while the opposite effects were obtained by over-expression of Gli1. Abnormal elevation of Gli1 and decrease of miR-361 were found in esophageal cancer tissues. MiR-361 weakened invasion of cancer cells and impeded EMT process via the inhibition of Gli1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Lin
- Radiotherapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingsong Pang
- Radiotherapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Radiotherapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiying Lv
- Ocology Department, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Lanfang Liu
- Ocology Department, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Aike Li
- Ocology Department, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China
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Wei L, Yan N, Sun L, Bao C, Li D. Interplay between the NF‑κB and hedgehog signaling pathways predicts prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2961-2967. [PMID: 29393402 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor recurrence and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are primary causes of patient mortality. The nuclear factor (NF)‑κB signaling pathway and hedgehog signaling pathway were previously reported to contribute to cell growth and metastasis in ESCC. The present study therefore investigated the roles of the NF‑κB and hedgehog pathways in ESCC tumors following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). By immunohistochemistry staining, it was observed that NF‑κB and glioma‑associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1), key components of the NF‑κB and hedgehog pathways, respectively, were decreased following NCRT, which was further confirmed by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. In addition, survival analysis suggested that high expression levels of either NF‑κB or Gli1 were associated with poor overall survival (OS) of patients. In the esophageal cell line TE‑8, NF‑κB and Gli1 formed a positive feedback loop, and inhibition of either NF‑κB or Gli1 may inhibit cell migration, invasion and proliferation. The results of the present study demonstrated that activation of the NF‑κB and hedgehog signaling pathways limited the OS of patients with ESCC following NCRT, and may therefore be suitable targets for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Wei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Nang Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Chuanen Bao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chenggong Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Demin Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Sun J, Wang D, Li X, Yan J, Yuan X, Wang W. Targeting of miR-150 on Gli1 gene to inhibit proliferation and cell cycle of esophageal carcinoma EC9706. Cancer Biomark 2017; 21:203-210. [PMID: 29081413 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) in Hedgehog signal pathway regulates Cyclin D1 expression, cell cycle or proliferation modulation. Esophageal cancer patients had significantly elevated Gli1 expression, which is related with survival and prognosis. It has been demonstrated that the level of miR-150 was decreased in esophageal cancer patients compared to normal control. As a complementary relationship exists between miR-150 and 3'-UTR of Gli1, this study investigated if miR-150 played a role in regulating Gli1 expression, and proliferation or cell cycle of esophageal cancer cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients from our hospital were recruited to collect tumor and adjacent tissues for miR-150 and Gli1 expression. Esophageal carcinoma cell line EC9706 and normal esophageal epithelial cell line HEEC were compared for expression of miR-150, Gli1 and Cyclin D1. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay examined the targeted relationship between miR-150 and 3'-UTR of Gli1. In vitro cultured EC9706 cells were treated with miR-150 mimic, si-Gli1 or the combination of miR-150 mimic and si-Gli1, respectively, to check their gene expression, cell cycle and proliferation. RESULTS ESCC tissues had significantly higher Gli1 expression and lower miR-150 expression. EC9706 cell also had higher Gli1 expression than that in HEEC, whilst miR-150 was down-regulated. Via targeting 3'-UTR of Gli1 gene, miR-150 inhibited its expression. Transfection of miR-150 mimic, si-Gli1 or the combination of miR-150 mimic and si-Gli1, respectively, remarkably decreased expression of Gli1 and Cyclin D1 expression in EC9706 cells, whose cell cycle arresting at G0/G1 phase was enhanced with weakened proliferation. CONCLUSIONS MiR-150 can induce G0/G1 cell cycle arresting and weaken proliferation of esophageal carcinoma cells via targeted inhibition on Gli1 and downstream expression of Cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachun Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, Henan, China
| | - Dengkui Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan University of Science and Technology First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Xiangming Li
- Departments of Orthopedics, Henan University of Science and Technology First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Junqiang Yan
- Neurological Diseases Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaozhi Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, Henan, China
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Liu Q, Cui X, Yu X, Bian BSJ, Qian F, Hu XG, Ji CD, Yang L, Ren Y, Cui W, Zhang X, Zhang P, Wang JM, Cui YH, Bian XW. Cripto-1 acts as a functional marker of cancer stem-like cells and predicts prognosis of the patients in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:81. [PMID: 28431580 PMCID: PMC5399850 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is highly malignant with highly invasive and metastatic capabilities and poor prognosis. It is believed that the ESCC cancer stem-like cells (ECSLCs) are critical for tumorigenicity, invasion and metastasis of ESCC. However, the properties of ECSLCs vary with different markers used in isolation, so that new and more effective markers of ECSLCs need to be identified. This study aimed to estimate the potentiality of Cripto-1 (CR-1) as an ECSLC surface marker and investigate the clinical significance of CR-1 expression in ESCC. Methods ESCC cells with CR-1 high or CR-1low were obtained by flow cytometry then their self-renewal capability and tumorigenicity were compared by colony and limiting dilution sphere formation analysis in vitro and xenograft in nude mice in vivo, respectively. Knockdown of CR-1 expression in ESCC cells was conducted with short hairpin RNA. Cell migration and invasion were examined by scratch test and matrigel transwell assay, respectively. Metastatic capability of ESCC cells was assayed by a mouse tail vein metastasis model. The levels of CR-1 expression in cancerous and paired adjacent normal tissues were assessed by IHC and qRT-RCR. Results CR-1high subpopulation of ESCC cells isolated by FACS expressed high level of genes related to stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and possessed high capacities of self-renewal, tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis. Suppression of CR-1 expression significantly reduced the expression of stemness- and EMT-related genes and the capabilities of self-renewal in vitro, tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo in ESCC cells. In the clinical ESCC specimens, the expression levels of CR-1 in cancerous tissues were positively correlated to TNM stage, invasive depth, and lymph node metastasis. Cox regression analysis indicated that CR-1 was an independent indicator of prognosis. The expression of CR-1 was found overlapping with aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), an intracellular marker for ESCLCs, in ESCC cell lines and specimens. Conclusions CR-1 is a functional and cell surface ECSLC marker, and an independent prognostic indicator as well as a potential therapeutic target for ESCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0650-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bai-Shi-Jiao Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu-Gang Hu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Ji
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Najafi M, Abbaszadegan MR, Rad A, Dastpak M, Boroumand-Noughabi S, Forghanifard MM. Crosstalk between SHH and stemness state signaling pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 11:147-153. [PMID: 27905054 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of GLI1 as a downstream gene of sonic hedgehog (Hh) pathway, studied in a variety of cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the interaction of Hh with other developmental pathways needs to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation of GLI1 expression with transcription factors (TFs) of stem cell signaling pathways, and their association with clinico-pathological data of ESCC. Using real-time PCR, we assessed the expression of GLI1 mRNA in 49 ESCC patients, and analyzed the correlation between GLI1 and selected TFs. The results showed overexpression of GLI1 in ESCC tissues in significant correlation with lymph node metastasis. The GLI1 up-regulation was also correlated to the SOX2 and SIZN1 (Smad-interacting zinc finger protein) expression. These correlations may confirmed the role of GLI1 in crosstalk among different cell signaling pathways in ESCC. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the correlation of GLI1 expression with stemness marker and BMP signaling in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Najafi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Rad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahtab Dastpak
- Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
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Yang Z, Cui Y, Ni W, Kim S, Xuan Y. Gli1, a potential regulator of esophageal cancer stem cell, is identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:243-254. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhang Y, Liu G, Lang M, Zhang J, Geng J. Patients treatment with neuroglioma by teniposide and semustine and its influence on Twist and E-cadherin expression. Saudi Pharm J 2016; 24:299-304. [PMID: 27275118 PMCID: PMC4880946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on curative effects of teniposide combining with semustine on patients with neuroglioma and the influences on the expression of Twist and E-cadherin in tissue. Sixty-eight patients with neuroglioma taking operation in our hospital were divided into two groups randomly. Single radiotherapy was given to 34 patients in group A, and teniposide (VM-26) and semustine (Me-CCUN) were added to radiotherapy for 34 patients in group B. Then, curative effects, survival rate, living quality and adverse reaction rate after operation were compared between two groups. Moreover, the difference in positive expression rate of Twist and E-cadherin before and after treatment between two groups was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results: In group B, the effective rate of treatment was 88.2%, and the disease control rate was 70.6%, higher than 52.9% and 32.4% in group A with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Moreover, the survival rate in three years of group B was 44.1%, and the score of living quality was 67.11 ± 4.32, and also higher than 23.5% and 63.79 ± 4.53 in group A with statistical significance (P < 0.05). However, the difference between two groups in adverse reaction rate has no statistical significance (P > 0.05). In addition, the difference in positive expression rate of Twist and E-cadherin between group A and group B has no statistical significance before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, however, the positive rate of Twist in group B is lower than that in group A, while the positive rate of E-cadherin is higher. Both differences have statistical significance (P < 0.05). Chemotherapy of VM-26 combining with Me-CCNU can inhibit Twist expression and improve the expression rate of E-cadherin to help improving the curative effects and living quality and increasing survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Zhang
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Guoyi Liu
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Meiling Lang
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, PR China
| | - Jia Geng
- Neurosurgical Department of Shouguang City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, PR China
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Zhou W, Qin W, Qiao F, Xu Z, Yuan Y, Chen H. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 interacts with Gli1 and regulates its transcriptional activity. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9071-6. [PMID: 26762411 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation, which is mediated by the protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), is associated with numerous fundamental cellular processes. Our previous studies have shown that PRMT1 activated Hedgehog signaling in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and promoted the growth and migration of cancer cells. However, the detailed mechanisms are unknown. In this study, it was found that PRMT1 interacted with the transcriptional factor Gli1 (glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1) in ESCC cells. The DNA-binding domain (DBD) of Gli1 is responsible for its interaction with PRMT1. Moreover, PRMT1 promoted the methylation of Gli1, and knocking down the expression of PRMT1 impaired the transcriptional activity as well as the biological functions of Gli1. Taken together, our study demonstrated that PRMT1 is a positive regulator of Hedgehog signaling, and PRMT1 might be a therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Liu Q, Sheng W, Dong M, Dong X, Dong Q, Li F. Gli1 promotes transforming growth factor-beta1- and epidermal growth factor-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells. Surgery 2015; 158:211-24. [PMID: 25979438 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hedgehog signaling pathway and its key target effector Gli1 are linked closely to the development of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in many cancers. The definite function of Gli1 in regulating the EMT of pancreatic cancer (PC), however, is still unclear. METHODS At the cell and tissue levels, we investigated the role of Gli1 in the initiation of EMT in PC with and without external stimulus treatments. RESULTS The immunohistochemistry results showed that Gli1 was associated positively with MMP9 but not with E-cad or Vimentin. Gli1 expression was associated positively with tumor T (P = .025) and Union for International Cancer Control stage (P = .032), whereas MMP9 expression was associated positively with lymph node metastasis (P = .017) and Union for International Cancer Control stage (P = .006). Furthermore, patients with Gli1 and MMP9 coexpression had poor overall survival (P = .015). Silencing of Gli1 alone without external stimulus had no effect on EMT but inhibited transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1)- and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced EMT in PANC-1, AsPC-1, and BxPC-3 PC cell lines, along with the inhibition of TGFβ1- and EGF-induced EMT-like cell morphology and invasion, down-regulation of E-cad, and up-regulation of MMP9 and Vimentin in those 3 cell lines, respectively. CONCLUSION Gli1 silencing alone has no effect on EMT initiation; however, it exerts a protumor role in the aggressive invasion of PC cells by promoting TGFβ1- and EGF-induced EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of General Surgery, the People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Xiaoshen Dong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of General Surgery, the People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Cui L, Xu S, Song Z, Zhao G, Liu X, Song Y. Pituitary tumor transforming gene: a novel therapeutic target for glioma treatment. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:414-21. [PMID: 25908389 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma which has strong proliferation and angiogenesis ability is the most common and malignant primary tumor in central nervous system. Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) is found in pituitary tumor, and plays important role in cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and angiogenesis. However, the role of PTTG in glioma is still incompletely investigated. Here, we explored the correlation between PTTG and glioma grade, as well as micro-vessel density (MVD). In addition, siRNA was used to silence PTTG expression in glioma cell lines including U87MG, U251, and SHG44. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that PTTG expression was significantly up-regulated in glioma, and had positive correlation with glioma grade and MVD. Silencing of PTTG inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and angiogenesis, induced cell apoptosis, suppressed cell invasion, and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 stage. Silencing of PTTG could also inhibit tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis in vivo. Our data indicated that PTTG might be a potential target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Songbai Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhengmao Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuwen Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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22
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Tang C, Mei L, Pan L, Xiong W, Zhu H, Ruan H, Zou C, Tang L, Iguchi T, Wu X. Hedgehog signaling through GLI1 and GLI2 is required for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human trophoblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1438-48. [PMID: 25888497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for human placental development, trophoblastic differentiation, and pregnancy-associated diseases. Here, we investigated the effects of hedgehog (HH) signaling on EMT in human trophoblasts, and further explored the underlying mechanism. METHODS Human primary cytotrophoblasts and trophoblast-like JEG-3 cells were used as in vitro models. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to examine mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Lentiviruses expressing short hairpin RNA were used to knock down the target genes. Reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to determine the transactivity. Cell migration, invasion and colony formation were accessed by wound healing, Matrigel-coated transwell, and colony formation assays, respectively. RESULTS Activation of HH signaling induced the transdifferentiation of cytotrophoblasts and trophoblast-like JEG-3 cells from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotypes, exhibiting the decreases in E-Cadherin expression as well as the increases in vimentin expression, invasion, migration and colony formation. Knockdown of GLI1 and GLI2 but not GLI3 attenuated HH-induced transdifferentiation, whereas GLI1 was responsible for the expression of HH-induced key EMT regulators including Snail1, Slug, and Twist, and both GLI1 and GLI2 acted directly as transcriptional repressor of CDH1 gene encoding E-Cadherin. CONCLUSION HH through GLI1 and GLI2 acts as critical signals in supporting the physiological function of mature placenta. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE HH signaling through GLI1 and GLI2 could be required for the maintenance of human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyu Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Xiong
- The Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Zhu
- The Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- The Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanfang Tang
- The Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Takuma Iguchi
- Department of Toxicology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Ke Z, Caiping S, Qing Z, Xiaojing W. Sonic hedgehog-Gli1 signals promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer by mediating PI3K/AKT pathway. Med Oncol 2014; 32:368. [PMID: 25432698 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to play an important role in distant metastasis in cancer-related disease. A large number of studies have shown that sonic hedgehog-glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Shh-Gli1) signals participate in the process of EMT; however, the role and mechanism of Shh-Gli1 signals in the progression of EMT in ovarian cancer remain largely unknown. First, we investigated the occurrence of EMT and invasion and migration ability in ovarian cancer cells stimulated by different concentration of Shh-Gli1 signals agonist purmorphamine in vitro. Then, Akt siRNA was transfected into ovarian cancer cells which already stimulated by purmorphamine to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of EMT in ovarian cancer. Gli1 expression was significantly enhanced in ovarian cancer cells after stimulated by purmorphamine. In addition, Gli1 up-regulation promoted EMT, invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, we validated a cross talk between Shh-Gli1 signals and PI3K-Akt pathway in the occurrence of EMT in ovarian cancer cells. These findings revealed a novel role for Shh-Gli1 signals in EMT in ovarian cancer and provided for us a potential therapeutic target for the suppression of EMT, invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Yue Z, Feng W, Xiangke L, Liuxing W, Qingxia F, Jianbo G. WAVE3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer through upregulation of Snail. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:499-506. [PMID: 25378074 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
WAVE3, an actin cytoskeleton remodeling protein overexpressed in many kinds of cancers, has been associated with a lot of metastatic diseases. However, the role and mechanisms of the high expression of WAVE3 in human gastric cancer has not been fully elucidated. Here we demonstrated that WAVE3 was expressed in all six kinds of gastric-cancer cell lines: BGC-823, SGC-7901, AGS, MGC803, MKN28 and MKN45. Furthermore, a correlation was found between aggressiveness of these cell lines and expression of WAVE3. Next, we investigated the role of WAVE3 in SGC-7901 cells and found that upregulating WAVE3 could promote the migration, invasion and proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in vitro. It has been reported that WAVE3 could induce cancer invasion and metastasis by participating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanisms are not entirely clear. In this study we showed that elevated WAVE3 levels could induce EMT in SGC-7901 cells by dampening the expression of E-cadherin while increasing the expression of vimentin. Elevated WAVE3 levels could also improve the expression of transcription factor Snail. In addition, downregulating Snail could particularly reduce EMT and the metastasis, invasion and proliferation activity in SGC-7901 cells elevated by overexpression of WAVE3. Taken together, we demonstrated that WAVE3 promoted gastric-cancer-cells migration and invasion by taking part in EMT via upregulation of Snail. WAVE3 could be a useful target for gastric-cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yue
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
| | - W Feng
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
| | - L Xiangke
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
| | - W Liuxing
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
| | - F Qingxia
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
| | - G Jianbo
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
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25
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Zhu H, Chen X, Chen B, Chen B, Song W, Sun D, Zhao Y. Activating transcription factor 4 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invasion and metastasis in mice and is associated with poor prognosis in human patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103882. [PMID: 25078779 PMCID: PMC4117569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a stress response gene that is involved in homeostasis and cellular protection. However, its expression and function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the clinicopathologic significance of ATF4 in ESCC and its potential role in ESCC invasion and metastasis. Methodology/Principal Findings We demonstrated that ATF4 overexpression is correlated with multiple malignant characteristics and indicates poor prognosis in ESCC patients. ATF4 expression was an independent factor that affected the overall survival of patients with ESCC after surgical resection. ATF4 promoted cell invasion and metastasis by promoting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-7 expression, while its silencing significantly attenuated these activities both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions/Significance We report that ATF4 is a potential biomarker for ESCC prognosis and that its dysregulation may play a key role in the regulation of invasion and metastasis in ESCC cells. The targeting of ATF4 may provide a new strategy for blocking ESCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou General Hospital of the Nanjing Military Command of the PLA, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibing Song
- Department of Gerontology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dayong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (DS); (YZ)
| | - Yagang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou General Hospital of the Guangzhou Military Command of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (DS); (YZ)
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26
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Chen JS, Li HS, Huang JQ, Zhang LJ, Chen XL, Wang Q, Lei J, Feng JT, Liu Q, Huang XH. Down-regulation of Gli-1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion. Mol Cell Biochem. 2014;393:283-291. [PMID: 24792036 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog-1 (Gli-1) is considered a marker of Hedgehog pathway activation and is associated with the progression of several cancers. We have previously reported that Gli-1 was correlated with invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the exact roles and mechanisms of Gli-1 in HCC invasion are unclear. In this study, we found that small interfering RNA mediated down-regulation of Gli-1 expression significantly suppressed adhesion, motility, migration, and invasion of both SMMC-7721 and SK-Hep1 cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of Gli-1 significantly reduced expressions and activities of both matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. In addition, we found that down-regulation of Gli-1 resulted in up-regulation of E-cadherin and concomitant down-regulation of Snail and Vimentin, consistent with inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Taken together, our results suggest that down-regulation of Gli-1 suppresses HCC cell migration and invasion likely through inhibiting expressions and activations of MMP-2, 9 and blocking EMT.
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27
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Zhang Y, Pan T, Zhong X, Cheng C. Nicotine upregulates microRNA-21 and promotes TGF-β-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition of esophageal cancer cells. Tumour Biol. 2014;35:7063-7072. [PMID: 24756761 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A consistent positive association between cigarette smoking and the human esophageal cancer has been confirmed all over the world. However, details in the association need to be more focused on and be identified. Recently, aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be promising biomarkers for understanding the tumorigenesis of a wide array of human cancers, including the esophageal cancer, and the deregulation on the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by miRNAs is involved in the tumorigenesis. In present study, we were going to identify the role of nicotine-induced miR-21 in the EMT of esophageal cells. We found that there was an overexpression of miR-21 in esophageal specimens, having an association with cigarette smoking, and the upregulation of miR-21 was also induced by nicotine in esophageal carcinoma cell line, EC9706. Moreover, the upregulated miR-21 by nicotine promoted EMT transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) dependently. Thus, the present study reveals a novel oncogenic role of nicotine in human esophageal cancer.
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28
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Zhu Y, Yang P, Wang Q, Hu J, Xue J, Li G, Zhang G, Li X, Li W, Zhou C, Zhao M, Wang D. The Effect of CXCR4 Silencing on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Related Genes in Glioma U87 Cells. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:1850-6. [PMID: 24150861 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital; Tianjin 300060 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration; Tianjin 300060 China
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tianjin First Center Hospital; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Department of Biochemistry; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Dong Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin 300060 China
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