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Viel A, Bruselles A, Meccia E, Fornasarig M, Quaia M, Canzonieri V, Policicchio E, Urso ED, Agostini M, Genuardi M, Lucci-Cordisco E, Venesio T, Martayan A, Diodoro MG, Sanchez-Mete L, Stigliano V, Mazzei F, Grasso F, Giuliani A, Baiocchi M, Maestro R, Giannini G, Tartaglia M, Alexandrov LB, Bignami M. A Specific Mutational Signature Associated with DNA 8-Oxoguanine Persistence in MUTYH-defective Colorectal Cancer. EBioMedicine 2017; 20:39-49. [PMID: 28551381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine, a common mutagenic DNA lesion, generates G:C>T:A transversions via mispairing with adenine during DNA replication. When operating normally, the MUTYH DNA glycosylase prevents 8-oxoguanine-related mutagenesis by excising the incorporated adenine. Biallelic MUTYH mutations impair this enzymatic function and are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in MUTYH-Associated Polyposis (MAP) syndrome. Here, we perform whole-exome sequencing that reveals a modest mutator phenotype in MAP CRCs compared to sporadic CRC stem cell lines or bulk tumours. The excess G:C>T:A transversion mutations in MAP CRCs exhibits a novel mutational signature, termed Signature 36, with a strong sequence dependence. The MUTYH mutational signature reflecting persistent 8-oxoG:A mismatches occurs frequently in the APC, KRAS, PIK3CA, FAT4, TP53, FAT1, AMER1, KDM6A, SMAD4 and SMAD2 genes that are associated with CRC. The occurrence of Signature 36 in other types of human cancer indicates that DNA 8-oxoguanine-related mutations might contribute to the development of cancer in other organs.
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Errichiello E, Venesio T. Mitochondrial DNA variants in colorectal carcinogenesis: Drivers or passengers? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:1905-1914. [PMID: 28393270 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2418-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitochondrial DNA alterations have widely been reported in many age-related degenerative diseases and tumors, including colorectal cancer. In the past few years, the discovery of inter-genomic crosstalk between nucleus and mitochondria has reinforced the role of mitochondrial DNA variants in perturbing this essential signaling pathway and thus indirectly targeting nuclear genes involved in tumorigenic and invasive phenotype. FINDINGS Mitochondrial dysfunction is currently considered a crucial hallmark of carcinogenesis as well as a promising target for anticancer therapy. Mitochondrial DNA alterations include point mutations, deletions, inversions, and copy number variations, but numerous studies investigating their pathogenic role in cancer have provided inconsistent evidence. Furthermore, the biological impact of mitochondrial DNA variants may vary tremendously, depending on the proportion of mutant DNA molecules carried by the neoplastic cells (heteroplasmy). CONCLUSIONS In this review, we discuss the role of different type of mitochondrial DNA alterations in colorectal carcinogenesis and, in particular, we revisit the issue of whether they may be considered as causative driver or simply genuine passenger events. The advent of high-throughput techniques as well as the development of genetic and pharmaceutical interventions for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction in colorectal cancer are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Errichiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Starda Provinciale 142, Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Venesio
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Starda Provinciale 142, Candiolo, 10060, Turin, Italy
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Errichiello E, Vetro A, Mina T, Wischmeijer A, Berrino E, Carella M, Romagnoli M, Sacchini P, Venesio T, Zecca M, Zuffardi O. Whole exome sequencing in the differential diagnosis of Diamond-Blackfan anemia: Clinical and molecular study of three patients with novel RPL5 and mosaic RPS19 mutations. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2017; 64:38-44. [PMID: 28376382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital disorder presenting remarkable phenotypic overlap with other inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, making differential diagnosis challenging and its confirmation often reached with great delay. By whole exome sequencing, we unraveled the presence of pathogenic variants affecting genes already known to be involved in DBA pathogenesis (RPL5 and RPS19) in three patients with otherwise uncertain clinical diagnosis, and provided new insights on DBA genotype-phenotype correlations. Remarkably, the RPL5 c.482del frameshift mutation has never been reported before, whereas the RPS19 c.3G>T missense mutation, although previously described in a 2-month-old DBA patient without malformations and refractory to steroid therapy, was detected here in the mosaic state in different bodily tissues for the first time in DBA patients.
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Furlan D, Trapani D, Berrino E, Debernardi C, Panero M, Libera L, Sahnane N, Riva C, Tibiletti MG, Sessa F, Sapino A, Venesio T. Oxidative DNA damage induces hypomethylation in a compromised base excision repair colorectal tumourigenesis. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:793-801. [PMID: 28141798 PMCID: PMC5355935 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A compromised base excision repair (BER) promotes carcinogenesis by accumulating oxidative DNA-damaged products as observed in MUTYH-associated polyposis, a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome marked by adenomas and cancers with an accumulation of 8-oxoguanine. Remarkably, DNA global demethylation has been shown to be mediated by BER, suggesting a relevant interplay with early colorectal tumourigenesis. To check this hypothesis, we investigated a cohort of 49 adenomas and 10 carcinomas, derived from 17 MUTYH-associated polyposis patients; as adenoma controls, we used a set of 36 familial adenomatous polyposis and 24 sporadic polyps. Methods: Samples were analysed for their mutational and epigenetic status, measured as global LINE-1 (long interspersed nuclear element) and gene-specific LINE-1 MET methylation by mass spectrometry and pyrosequencing. Results: MUTYH-associated polyposis adenomas were strikingly more hypomethylated than familial adenomatous and sporadic polyps for both DNA demethylation markers (P=0.032 and P=0.007 for LINE-1; P=0.004 and P<0.0001 for LINE-1 MET, respectively) with levels comparable to those of the carcinomas derived from the same patients. They also had mutations due mainly to KRAS/NRAS p.G12C, which was absent in the controls (P<0.0001 for both sets). Conclusions: Our results show that DNA demethylation, together with specific KRAS/NRAS mutations, drives the early steps of oxidative damage colorectal tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Furlan
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy.,Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Davide Trapani
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Enrico Berrino
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Carla Debernardi
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Mara Panero
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Laura Libera
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Nora Sahnane
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Cristina Riva
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy.,Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tibiletti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Fausto Sessa
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy.,Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
| | - Tiziana Venesio
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo (Torino) 10060, Italy
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Qian M, Spada C, Wang X. Approach, Application, and Bioethics of mtDNA Sequencing in Cancer. Mitochondrial DNA and Diseases 2017; 1038:23-38. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6674-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Zhang SH, Gao FJ, Sun ZM, Xu P, Chen JY, Sun XH, Wu JH. High Pressure-Induced mtDNA Alterations in Retinal Ganglion Cells and Subsequent Apoptosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:254. [PMID: 27932951 PMCID: PMC5121242 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Our previous study indicated that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and mutations are crucial to the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a glaucomatous rat model. In this study, we examined whether high pressure could directly cause mtDNA alterations and whether the latter could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and RGC death. Methods: Primary cultured rat RGCs were exposed to 30 mm Hg of hydrostatic pressure (HP) for 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h. mtDNA alterations and mtDNA repair/replication enzymes OGG1, MYH and polymerase gamma (POLG) expressions were also analyzed. The RGCs were then infected with a lentiviral small hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector targeting POLG (POLG-shRNA), and mtDNA alterations as well as mitochondrial function, including complex I/III activities and ATP production were subsequently studied at appropriate times. Finally, RGC apoptosis and the mitochondrial-apoptosis pathway-related protein cleaved caspase-3 were detected using a Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and western blotting, respectively. Results: mtDNA damage was observed as early as 48 h after the exposure of RGCs to HP. At 120 h after HP, mtDNA damage and mutations significantly increased, reaching >40% and 4.8 ± 0.3-fold, respectively, compared with the control values. Twelve hours after HP, the expressions of OGG1, MYH and POLG mRNA in the RGCs were obviously increased 5.02 ± 0.6-fold (p < 0.01), 4.3 ± 0.2-fold (p < 0.05), and 0.8 ± 0.09-fold (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the protein levels of the three enzymes decreased at 72 and 120 h after HP (p < 0.05). After interference with POLG-shRNA, the mtDNA damage and mutations were significantly increased (p < 0.01), while complex I/III activities gradually decreased (p < 0.05). Corresponding decreases in membrane potential and ATP production appeared at 5 and 6 days after POLG-shRNA transfection respectively (p < 0.05). Increases in the apoptosis of RGCs and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression were observed after mtDNA damage and mutations. Conclusions: High pressures could directly cause mtDNA alterations, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and RGC death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hai Zhang
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationShanghai, China
| | - Feng-Juan Gao
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Mou Sun
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Wesleyan UniversityMiddletown, CT, USA; Schepens Eye Research Institute, Wesleyan UniversityMiddletown, CT, USA
| | - Ping Xu
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Yi Chen
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Huai Sun
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationShanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Ji-Hong Wu
- Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and RestorationShanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
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Tezcan G, Tunca B, Ak S, Cecener G, Egeli U. Molecular approach to genetic and epigenetic pathogenesis of early-onset colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:83-98. [PMID: 26798439 PMCID: PMC4714149 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i1.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer type and the incidence of this disease is increasing gradually per year in individuals younger than 50 years old. The current knowledge is that early-onset CRC (EOCRC) cases are heterogeneous population that includes both hereditary and sporadic forms of the CRC. Although EOCRC cases have some distinguishing clinical and pathological features than elder age CRC, the molecular mechanism underlying the EOCRC is poorly clarified. Given the significance of CRC in the world of medicine, the present review will focus on the recent knowledge in the molecular basis of genetic and epigenetic mechanism of the hereditary forms of EOCRC, which includes Lynch syndrome, Familial CRC type X, Familial adenomatous polyposis, MutYH-associated polyposis, Juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and sporadic forms of EOCRC. Recent findings about molecular genetics and epigenetic basis of EOCRC gave rise to new alternative therapy protocols. Although exact diagnosis of these cases still remains complicated, the present review paves way for better predictions and contributes to more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies into clinical approach.
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Lee J, Lee CR, Ku CR, Kang SW, Jeong JJ, Shin DY, Nam KH, Jung SG, Lee EJ, Chung WY, Jo YS. Association Between Obesity and BRAFV600E Mutation Status in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26215201 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is thought to be related to obesity, which affects the prognosis for PTC patients. However, the mechanisms implicated in the relationship between obesity and PTC is a matter for debate. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the relationship between obesity and the clinicopathological features of PTC, including the BRAFV600E mutation. METHODS The medical records of 1121 PTC patients were reviewed and the relationships between anthropometric factors, biochemical parameters, and clinicopathological parameters, including BRAFV600E mutation status, were analyzed. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI) showed a strong association with advanced TNM stage (p < 0.001) and BRAFV600E mutation status (p = 0.008). We also found that BRAFV600E (+) patients had a higher body weight (p = 0.024) and a higher BMI (p = 0.003) than patients with BRAFV600E (-) PTC. In addition, BRAFV600E (+) PTC patients had a significantly higher incidence of extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.025) and more advanced T, N, TNM stage (p < 0.001) than BRAFV600E (-) PTC patients. Consistent with this observation, female BRAFV600E (+) PTC patients had a higher BMI (p = 0.011) and more aggressive tumor behaviors than female BRAFV600E (-) PTC patients. In multivariate analysis, BMI was persistently associated with BRAFV600E mutation in the entire cohort (odds ratio [OR] 1.387; 95 % CI 1.036-1.859; p = 0.028) and in the female subcohort (OR 1.221; 95 % CI 1.014-1.631; p = 0.046). CONCLUSION The positive association between BMI and BRAFV600E supports the hypothesis that excessive bodyweight influences tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jandee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cho Rok Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kang
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Yeob Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Hyun Nam
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Geun Jung
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Youn Chung
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Errichiello E, Balsamo A, Cerni M, Venesio T. Mitochondrial variants in MT-CO2 and D-loop instability are involved in MUTYH-associated polyposis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:1271-81. [PMID: 26138249 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mitochondrial DNA alterations have been widely reported in different human tumours, including colorectal carcinoma, but their mutational spectrum and pathogenic role in specific subsets of patients with polyposis syndromes have been poorly investigated. We compared the breadth of somatic variants across the mitochondrial genome of MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP) patients with homogeneous groups of classical/attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP/AFAP) and sporadic cases. Overall, we screened 121 adenomas and seven adenocarcinomas and their corresponding germinal controls, for mitochondrial genes with a crucial role in oxidative phosphorylation and translation (MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CO3, MT-TD, MT-TS1, MT-ATP6) as well as a hypervariable sequence (HV-II) within the control region displacement loop (D-loop), a marker of hypermutability and clonal expansion. The sequencing analysis revealed the presence of 17 variants, mostly causing non-synonymous changes in conserved amino acid residues, typically distributed in the MT-CO2 gene of MAP patients (P < 0.0001), who frequently carried the hot spot m.7763G>A variant. Accordingly, D-loop instability was also significantly associated with variants grouped inside the MT-CO2 gene (P = 0.0061). This is the first report showing a locus-specific distribution of mitochondrial DNA alterations in a subtype of colorectal tumourigenesis. In addition, our findings suggest that MT-CO2 variants, representing early molecular events in MAP tumorigenesis, might be a potential prognostic biomarker for the cancer-risk assessment of patients affected by this syndrome. KEY MESSAGES We compared the frequencies of mtDNA variants in MAP vs. FAP/AFAP/sporadic patients. We found a gene-specific (MT-CO2) distribution of mtDNA variants in MAP cases. Most mtDNA variants caused non-synonymous changes in conserved amino acid residues. D-loop instability was significantly associated with variants grouped inside MT-CO2. MT-CO2 variants might be a potential prognostic biomarker in MAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Errichiello
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonella Balsamo
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Marianna Cerni
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Venesio
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Unit of Pathology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
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Aimé A, Coulet F, Lefevre JH, Colas C, Cervera P, Flejou JF, Lascols O, Soubrier F, Parc Y. Somatic c.34G>T KRAS mutation: a new prescreening test for MUTYH-associated polyposis? Cancer Genet 2015; 208:390-5. [PMID: 26056087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the somatic c.34G>T KRAS transversion as a marker suggestive of MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP). We compared 86 adenomas and 19 colorectal cancers (CRCs) of 30 MAP patients to 135 adenomas and five CRCs of 47 familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients. The c.34G>T mutation was investigated by DNA sequencing. Secondly, the germline MUTYH gene sequence was analyzed in patients carrying c.34G>T in CRCs diagnosed between 2008 and 2012. The c.34G>T was present in 39.7% of MAP adenomas versus 1.6% of FAP adenomas (P < 0.01). Sensitivity and specificity for detecting MAP were 39.7% and 98%, respectively. Sensitivity increased with the number of adenomas tested (P = 0.039). KRAS exon 2 analysis was performed on 2239 CRC and 2.2% harbored the c.34G>T transversion. Among 28 carriers of the c.34G>T mutation, biallelic MUTYH mutations were detected in seven patients (25%). One patient did not have any polyp or family history and did not fulfill criteria for MUTYH testing. With high specificity, the c.34G>T mutation seems to be a useful and promising test for MAP. For polyposis, it may guide genetic testing toward APC or MUTYH. If routinely performed in CRC patients, it could help to diagnose MUTYH-mutation carriers, even when they don't fulfill genetic testing criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Aimé
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Saint Antoine (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France; Department of Genetics, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Florence Coulet
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Jeremie H Lefevre
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Saint Antoine (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France.
| | - Chrystelle Colas
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Cervera
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Saint Antoine (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Flejou
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Saint Antoine (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lascols
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hôpital Saint Antoine (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Florent Soubrier
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Yann Parc
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Saint Antoine (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Paris VI University, Paris, France
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Lucci-Cordisco E, Risio M, Venesio T, Genuardi M. The growing complexity of the intestinal polyposis syndromes. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:2777-87. [PMID: 24124059 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis has been the first form of inherited intestinal polyposis to be recognized. For a long time it has been considered the main polyposis syndrome, associated with an easily recognizable phenotype, with a marginal role attributed to a few very rare hamartomatous conditions. More recently, it has been gradually demonstrated that the intestinal polyposes encompass a range of conditions within a wide spectrum of disease severity, polyp histology, and extraintestinal manifestations. A growing number of genes and phenotypes has been identified, and heterogeneity of somatic molecular pathways underlying epithelial transformation in different syndromes and associated tumors has been documented. Increasing knowledge on the molecular bases and more widespread use of genetic tests has shown phenotypic overlaps between conditions that were previously considered distinct, highlighting diagnostic difficulties. With the advent of next generation sequencing, the diagnosis and the classification of these syndromes will be progressively based more on genetic testing results. However, the phenotypic variability documented among patients with mutations in the same genes cannot be fully explained by different expressivity, indicating a role for as yet unknown modifying factors. Until the latter will be identified, the management of patients with polyposis syndromes should be guided by both clinical and genetic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Lucci-Cordisco
- Institute of Medical Genetics, "A. Gemelli" School of Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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