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Mohamadbeigi N, Shooshtari L, Fardindoost S, Vafaiee M, Iraji Zad A, Mohammadpour R. Self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator sensor for detecting humidity level and monitoring ethanol variation in a simulated exhalation environment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1562. [PMID: 38238422 PMCID: PMC10796746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiration stands as a vital process reflecting physiological and pathological human health status. Exhaled breath analysis offers a facile, non-invasive, swift, and cost-effective approach for diagnosing and monitoring diseases by detecting concentration changes of specific biomarkers. In this study, we employed Polyethylene oxide/copper (I) oxide composite nanofibers (PCNFs), synthesized via the electrospinning method as the sensing material to measure ethanol levels (1-200 ppm) in an exhaled breath simulator environment. The integrated contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator was utilized to power the self-powered PCNFs exhaled breath sensor. The PCNFs-based gas sensor demonstrates promising results with values of 0.9 and 3.2 for detecting 5 ppm and 200 ppm ethanol, respectively, in the presence of interfering gas at 90% relative humidity (RH). Notably, the sensor displayed remarkable ethanol selectivity, with ratios of 10:1 to methanol and 25:1 to acetone. Response and recovery times for 200 ppm ethanol at 90 RH% were rapid, at 2.7 s and 5.8 s, respectively. The PCNFs-based exhaled breath sensor demonstrated consistent and stable performance in practical conditions, showcasing its potential for integration into wearable devices. This self-powered breath sensor enabling continuous monitoring of lung cancer symptoms and facilitating compliance checks with legal alcohol consumption limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Mohamadbeigi
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Shooshtari
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Fardindoost
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Mohaddese Vafaiee
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Iraji Zad
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Street, P.O. Box 11365-9161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Raheleh Mohammadpour
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Li J, Liu L, Tang X, Bai X, Liu Y, Wang D, Tao S, Liu R, Jiang D. Covalent Organic Frameworks: Reversible 3D Coalesce via Interlocked Skeleton-Pore Actions and Impacts on π Electronic Structures. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26383-26392. [PMID: 37983008 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) create extended two-dimensional (2D) skeletons and aligned one-dimensional (1D) channels, constituting a class of novel π architectures with predesignable structural ordering. A distinct feature is that stacks of π building units in skeletons shape the pore walls, onto which a diversity of different units can be assembled to form various pore interfaces, opening a great potential to trigger a strong structural correlation between the skeleton and the pore. However, such a possibility has not yet been explored. Herein, we report reversible three-dimensional (3D) coalescence and interlocked actions between the skeleton and pore in COFs by controlling hydrogen-bonding networks in the pores. Introducing carboxylic acid units to the pore walls develops COFs that can confine water molecular networks, which are locked by the surface carboxylic acid units on the pore walls via multipoint, multichain, and multidirectional hydrogen-bonding interactions. As a result, the skeleton undergoes an interlocked action with pores to shrink over the x-y plane and to stack closer along the z direction upon water uptake. Remarkably, this interlocked action between the skeleton and pore is reversibly driven by water adsorption and desorption and triggers profound effects on π electronic structures and functions, including band gap, light absorption, and emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 03006, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 03006, China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xi Bai
- Pharmaceutical Department, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 03006, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 03006, China
| | - Shanshan Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ruoyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Donglin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Liu T, Liu L, Gou GY, Fang Z, Sun J, Chen J, Cheng J, Han M, Ma T, Liu C, Xue N. Recent Advancements in Physiological, Biochemical, and Multimodal Sensors Based on Flexible Substrates: Strategies, Technologies, and Integrations. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:21721-21745. [PMID: 37098855 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Flexible wearable devices have been widely used in biomedical applications, the Internet of Things, and other fields, attracting the attention of many researchers. The physiological and biochemical information on the human body reflects various health states, providing essential data for human health examination and personalized medical treatment. Meanwhile, physiological and biochemical information reveals the moving state and position of the human body, and it is the data basis for realizing human-computer interactions. Flexible wearable physiological and biochemical sensors provide real-time, human-friendly monitoring because of their light weight, wearability, and high flexibility. This paper reviews the latest advancements, strategies, and technologies of flexibly wearable physiological and biochemical sensors (pressure, strain, humidity, saliva, sweat, and tears). Next, we systematically summarize the integration principles of flexible physiological and biochemical sensors with the current research progress. Finally, important directions and challenges of physiological, biochemical, and multimodal sensors are proposed to realize their potential applications for human movement, health monitoring, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiezhu Liu
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Lidan Liu
- Zhucheng Jiayue Central Hospital, Shandong 262200, China
| | - Guang-Yang Gou
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
- Personalized Management of Chronic Respiratory Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianhai Sun
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jianqun Cheng
- School of Integrated Circuit, Quanzhou University of Information Engineering, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Mengdi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Tianjun Ma
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Chunxiu Liu
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
- Personalized Management of Chronic Respiratory Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ning Xue
- School of Electronic, Electrical, and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
- Personalized Management of Chronic Respiratory Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Ku CA, Chung CK. Advances in Humidity Nanosensors and Their Application: Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23042328. [PMID: 36850926 PMCID: PMC9960561 DOI: 10.3390/s23042328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As the technology revolution and industrialization have flourished in the last few decades, the development of humidity nanosensors has become more important for the detection and control of humidity in the industry production line, food preservation, chemistry, agriculture and environmental monitoring. The new nanostructured materials and fabrication in nanosensors are linked to better sensor performance, especially for superior humidity sensing, following the intensive research into the design and synthesis of nanomaterials in the last few years. Various nanomaterials, such as ceramics, polymers, semiconductor and sulfide, carbon-based, triboelectrical nanogenerator (TENG), and MXene, have been studied for their potential ability to sense humidity with structures of nanowires, nanotubes, nanopores, and monolayers. These nanosensors have been synthesized via a wide range of processes, including solution synthesis, anodization, physical vapor deposition (PVD), or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The sensing mechanism, process improvement and nanostructure modulation of different types of materials are mostly inexhaustible, but they are all inseparable from the goals of the effective response, high sensitivity and low response-recovery time of humidity sensors. In this review, we focus on the sensing mechanism of direct and indirect sensing, various fabrication methods, nanomaterial geometry and recent advances in humidity nanosensors. Various types of capacitive, resistive and optical humidity nanosensors are introduced, alongside illustration of the properties and nanostructures of various materials. The similarities and differences of the humidity-sensitive mechanisms of different types of materials are summarized. Applications such as IoT, and the environmental and human-body monitoring of nanosensors are the development trends for futures advancements.
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5
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Liu E, Cai Z, Ye Y, Zhou M, Liao H, Yi Y. An Overview of Flexible Sensors: Development, Application, and Challenges. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:817. [PMID: 36679612 PMCID: PMC9863693 DOI: 10.3390/s23020817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and advancement of flexible electronics have great potential to lead development trends in many fields, such as "smart electronic skin" and wearable electronics. By acting as intermediates to detect a variety of external stimuli or physiological parameters, flexible sensors are regarded as a core component of flexible electronic systems and have been extensively studied. Unlike conventional rigid sensors requiring costly instruments and complicated fabrication processes, flexible sensors can be manufactured by simple procedures with excellent production efficiency, reliable output performance, and superior adaptability to the irregular surface of the surroundings where they are applied. Here, recent studies on flexible sensors for sensing humidity and strain/pressure are outlined, emphasizing their sensory materials, working mechanisms, structures, fabrication methods, and particular applications. Furthermore, a conclusion, including future perspectives and a short overview of the market share in this field, is given for further advancing this field of research.
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6
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Vafaiee M, Ejehi F, Mohammadpour R. CNT-PDMS foams as self-powered humidity sensors based on triboelectric nanogenerators driven by finger tapping. Sci Rep 2023; 13:370. [PMID: 36611085 PMCID: PMC9825370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of frequently applied portable electronics has raised the significance of self-powered systems. In this regard, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have drawn considerable attention due to their diversity of design and high power output. As a widely used material in TENG electrodes, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) shows attractive characteristics, such as electron affinity, flexibility, and facile fabrication. To achieve active TENG-based humidity sensing, we proposed a straightforward method to enhance the hydrophilicity of PDMS by two parallel approaches: 1. Porosity induction, 2. Carbon nanotube (CNT) compositing. Both of the mentioned processes have been performed by water addition during the synthesis procedure, which is not only totally safe (in contrast with the similar foaming/compositing routes), but also applicable for a wide range of nanomaterials. Applying the modified electrode as a single-electrode TENG-based humidity sensor, demonstrated an impressive enhancement of sensing response from 56% up to 108%, compared to the bare electrodes. Moreover, the detecting range of ambient humidity was broadened to higher values of 80% in a linear behavior. The fabricated humidity sensor based on a CNT-PDMS foam not only provides superior sensing characteristics but also is satisfactory for portable applications, due to being lightweight and desirably self-powered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Vafaiee
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 14588-89694 Iran
| | - Faezeh Ejehi
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 14588-89694 Iran
| | - Raheleh Mohammadpour
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 14588-89694, Iran.
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7
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Mohamed Zahidi M, Mamat MH, Malek MF, Yaakob MK, Ahmad MK, Abu Bakar S, Mohamed A, A Subki ASR, Mahmood MR. Evaluating Different TiO2 Nanoflower-Based Composites for Humidity Detection. Sensors 2022; 22:s22155794. [PMID: 35957350 PMCID: PMC9370984 DOI: 10.3390/s22155794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Unique three-dimensional (3D) titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoflowers (TFNA) have shown great potential for humidity sensing applications, due to their large surface area-to-volume ratio and high hydrophilicity. The formation of a composite with other materials could further enhance the performance of this material. In this work, the effect of different types of composites on the performance of a TNFA-based humidity sensor was examined. NiO, ZnO, rGO, and PVDF have been explored as possible composite pairing candidates with TiO2 nanoflowers, which were prepared via a modified solution immersion method. The properties of the composites were examined using field emission electron spectroscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), current-voltage (I-V) analysis, Hall effect measurement, and contact angle measurement. The performance of the humidity sensor was assessed using a humidity sensor measurement system inside a humidity-controlled chamber. Based on the result, the combination of TiO2 with rGO produced the highest sensor response at 39,590%. The achievement is attributed to the increase in the electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and specific surface area of the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Mohamed Zahidi
- NANO-ElecTronic Centre (NET), School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Centre for Electrical Engineering Studies, Permatang Pauh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh 13500, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Hafiz Mamat
- NANO-ElecTronic Centre (NET), School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia;
- NANO-SciTech Lab (NST), Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science (IOS), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.F.M.); (M.K.Y.); (M.R.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohd Firdaus Malek
- NANO-SciTech Lab (NST), Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science (IOS), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.F.M.); (M.K.Y.); (M.R.M.)
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Kamil Yaakob
- NANO-SciTech Lab (NST), Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science (IOS), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.F.M.); (M.K.Y.); (M.R.M.)
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khairul Ahmad
- Microelectronic and Nanotechnology–Shamsuddin Research Centre, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Suriani Abu Bakar
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim 35900, Perak, Malaysia; (S.A.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Azmi Mohamed
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim 35900, Perak, Malaysia; (S.A.B.); (A.M.)
| | - A Shamsul Rahimi A Subki
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamad Rusop Mahmood
- NANO-SciTech Lab (NST), Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science (IOS), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.F.M.); (M.K.Y.); (M.R.M.)
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8
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Abstract
A super-hydrophilic pH-sensitive electrode with a porous TiO2 thin film is proposed in this work and fabricated using the chemical etching method. In total, 30 groups of porous TiO2 thin film were obtained by immersing a Ti sheet in NaOH, with the solution concentration ranging from 0.5–4 M and the reaction time ranging from 15–240 min. SEM, XRD, XPS, and a contact angle meter were used to investigate the influence of the chemical etching parameters on the morphology, composition, and wettability of the fabricated electrodes. The chemical etching parameters were found to have a significant influence on the specific surface area and the component of the films, which strongly affected the wettability and pH sensing characteristics of the electrodes. The electrode obtained with a solution concentration of 1 M and reaction time of 120 min is the ideal product because of its excellent wettability, with a contact angle of 5.46°, and good pH sensing characteristics in pH buffer solutions. The electrode also showed good stability regarding its wettability and pH sensing properties during storage and utilization.
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9
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Aazem I, Mathew DT, Radhakrishnan S, Vijoy KV, John H, Mulvihill DM, Pillai SC. Electrode materials for stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator in wearable electronics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10545-10572. [PMID: 35425002 PMCID: PMC8987949 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01088g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs) for wearable electronics are in significant demand in the area of self-powered energy harvesting and storage devices. Designing a suitable electrode is one of the major challenges in developing a fully wearable TENG device and requires research aimed at exploring new materials and methods to develop stretchable electrodes. This review article is dedicated to presenting recent developments in exploring new materials for flexible TENGs with special emphasis on electrode components for wearable devices. In addition, materials that can potentially deliver properties such as transparency, self-healability and water-resistance are also reviewed. Inherently stretchable materials and a combination of soft and rigid materials including polymers and their composites, inorganic and ceramic materials, 2D materials and carbonaceous nanomaterials are also addressed. Additionally, various fabrication strategies and geometrical patterning techniques employed for designing highly stretchable electrodes for wearable TENG devices are also explored. The challenges reflected in the present approaches as well as feasible suggestions for future advancements are discussed. Schematic illustration of the general requirements of components of a wearable TENG.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Irthasa Aazem
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, Atlantic Technological University, ATU Sligo Ash Lane, Sligo F91 YW50 Ireland .,Health and Biomedical (HEAL) Strategic Research Centre, Atlantic Technological University, ATU Sligo Ash Lane Sligo F91 YW50 Ireland
| | - Dhanu Treasa Mathew
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India.,Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India
| | - Sithara Radhakrishnan
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India.,Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India
| | - K V Vijoy
- International School of Photonics, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India
| | - Honey John
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India.,Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala 682022 India
| | - Daniel M Mulvihill
- Materials and Manufacturing Research Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Suresh C Pillai
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, Atlantic Technological University, ATU Sligo Ash Lane, Sligo F91 YW50 Ireland .,Health and Biomedical (HEAL) Strategic Research Centre, Atlantic Technological University, ATU Sligo Ash Lane Sligo F91 YW50 Ireland
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Nardekar SS, Krishnamoorthy K, Manoharan S, Pazhamalai P, Kim SJ. Two Faces Under a Hood: Unravelling the Energy Harnessing and Storage Properties of 1T-MoS 2 Quantum Sheets for Next-Generation Stand-Alone Energy Systems. ACS Nano 2022; 16:3723-3734. [PMID: 35138806 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The two-dimensional 1T-MoS2 quantum sheets (QSs) continuously seek attention due to their extraordinary energy harnessing and storage properties towards designing an all-in-one self-charging power system (SCPS). Herein, we have utilized the superior dual-functional nature of exfoliated MoS2 QSs for SCPS via fabricating all-solid-state microsupercapacitors (MSC) as an energy storage device and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with MoS2 QSs based charge-trapping interfacial layer as the energy harvester. The electrochemical analysis of MoS2 QSs MSC indicated their superior capacitive properties with a high areal capacitance (4.3 mF cm-2), energy density (0.38 μWh cm-2), and long cycle life. Furthermore, we emphasize the fabrication of MSC with shape diversity and performance uniformity via construction in several designable shapes, which exhibit superior electrochemical performances. The MoS2 QSs based charge-trapping layer enhances the output performance of TENG dramatically with a peak power density as large as 10 μW cm-2, which is 13-fold greater than that of the pristine TENG. As proof of the concept, we fabricated an all MoS2 based SCPS which showed their ability to self-charge up to a maximum of 1050 mV, outperforming many SCPS reported previously. Overall, this work creates a way to utilize the bifunctional properties of MoS2 QSs for the development of next-generation SCPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Shital Nardekar
- Nanomaterials & System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Karthikeyan Krishnamoorthy
- Nanomaterials & System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Sindhuja Manoharan
- Nanomaterials & System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Parthiban Pazhamalai
- Nanomaterials & System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Kim
- Nanomaterials & System Lab, Major of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
- Nanomaterials & System Lab, Major of Mechanical System Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
- Research Institute of Energy New Industry, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
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Čižmar T, Grčić I, Bohač M, Razum M, Pavić L, Gajović A. Dual Use of Copper-Modified TiO2 Nanotube Arrays as Material for Photocatalytic NH3 Degradation and Relative Humidity Sensing. Coatings 2021; 11:1500. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11121500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we emphasized the dual application of Cu-modified vertically aligned TiO2 nanotube arrays as photocatalyst and a relative humidity sensor. The TiO2 nanotube arrays were obtained by anodization of the titanium layer prepared using radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RFMS) and modified with different copper concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 M) by a wet-impregnation method. The sample modified with 2 M Cu(NO3)2 solution showed the highest efficiency for the NH3 photocatalytic degradation and the most pronounced humidity response in comparison to the other studied samples. In order to investigate the structure and impact of Cu modification, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used. The photocatalytic activity and the kinetic study of ammonia oxidation were studied in a mini-photocatalytic wind tunnel reactor (MWPT), while relative humidity sensing was examined by impedance spectroscopy (IS). Higher NH3 oxidation was a direct consequence of the increased generation of •OH radicals obtained by a more efficient photogenerated charge separation, which is correlated with the increase in the DC conductivity.
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12
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Tao X, Zhou Y, Qi K, Guo C, Dai Y, He J, Dai Z. Wearable textile triboelectric generator based on nanofiber core-spun yarn coupled with electret effect. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:2339-2346. [PMID: 34774315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Flexible triboelectric generators present a wide range of prospective applications owing to their small size, light weight, and wearability; in addition, they can convert external mechanical energy into electrical energy to provide an energy supply for wearable electronic products. In this study, a wearable textile triboelectric generator was developed by weaving polyurethane (PU) nanofiber core-spun yarn and Si3N4-electret-doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber core-spun yarn into a double-layer fabric. Within the double-layer fabric, one layer was Si3N4-doped PVDF (denoted as Si3N4@PVDF) nanofiber fabric, and the other was PU nanofiber fabric. When subjected to an external mechanical force, PU nanofiber fabric and Si3N4@PVDF nanofiber fabric came into contact and were able to convert external mechanical energy into electrical energy. The most notable instantaneous electrical performance of this triboelectric nanogenerator was open circuit voltage of 71 V, short-circuit current of 0.7 μA, and output power of 56 μW. Additionally, the wearable textile triboelectric generator exhibited superior washability, stability, and cycle durability. More significantly, it was capable of driving some low-consumption electronic products, including capacitors, LED bulbs, and digital meters, thereby exhibiting a strong potential for flexible self-powered electronic devices and intelligent textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Tao
- Textile and Garment Industry Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuman Zhou
- Textile and Garment Industry Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of new textile materials and textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Qi
- Textile and Garment Industry Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of new textile materials and textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaozhong Guo
- Textile and Garment Industry Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of new textile materials and textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunling Dai
- Textile and Garment Industry Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of new textile materials and textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin He
- Textile and Garment Industry Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of new textile materials and textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao Dai
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
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Marinko Ž, Suhadolnik L, Šetina Batič B, Šelih VS, Majaron B, Kovač J, Čeh M. Toward a Flexible and Efficient TiO 2 Photocatalyst Immobilized on a Titanium Foil. ACS Omega 2021; 6:23233-23242. [PMID: 34549124 PMCID: PMC8444206 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Titanium foils of different thicknesses were anodized, and the photocatalytic activity of the resulting TiO2 nanotube (NT) layers was determined. All of the titanium foils were anodized simultaneously under identical experimental conditions to avoid the influence of the aging of the anodizing electrolyte and other anodization parameters, such as voltage, time, and temperature. To characterize the microstructures of the titanium foils, we used electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and stylus profilometry analyses. The adhesion was tested with a Scotch tape test and the morphology of the TiO2 NTs was studied in detail using the SEM technique, while the surface areas of the TiO2 NTs were determined using a three-dimensional (3D) optical interference profilometer. With X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the chemical composition and structure of TiO2 oxide were established. The degradation of caffeine under UV irradiation was measured with a high-precision UV-vis-IR spectrophotometer, and the photoluminescence method was used to confirm the photocatalytic behavior of the TiO2 NT layers. The influence of the intrinsic properties, including twinning and the grain boundaries of the starting titanium foils with similar chemical compositions, was determined and explained. Finally, we identified the main characteristics that define a highly effective and flexible photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Marinko
- Department
for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef
Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luka Suhadolnik
- Department
for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Šetina Batič
- Vacuum
Science and Optoelectronics, Institute of
Metals and Technology, Lepi pot 11, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vid Simon Šelih
- Center
for Validation Tehnologies and Analytics & Department of Analytical
Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Majaron
- Department
of Complex Matter, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of
Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Kovač
- Department
of Surface Engineering, Jožef Stefan
Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miran Čeh
- Department
for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Karimi M, Seddighi S, Mohammadpour R. Nanostructured versus flat compact electrode for triboelectric nanogenerators at high humidity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16191. [PMID: 34376736 PMCID: PMC8355320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising technology for mechanical energy harvesting. TENG has proven to be an excellent option for power generation but typically TENGs output power drops significantly in humid environments. In this work, the effect of electrode's material on power output, considering smooth and nanostructured porous structures with various surface hydrophobicity, is investigated under various humidity conditions. A vertical contact-separation mode TENG is experimentally and numerically studied for four surface morphologies of Ti foil, TiO2 thin film, TiO2 nanoparticulated film, and TiO2 nanotubular electrodes. The results show that the TENG electrical output in the flat structures such as Ti foil and TiO2 thin film at 50% RH is reduced to 50% of its initial state, while in the nanoporous structures such as nanoparticle and nanotube arrays, this is observed at RH above 95%. The results show that the use of porous nanostructures in TENG due to their high surface-to-volume, and that the process of water adsorption on the pore leads to better performance than the flat surface in humid environments. Based on our study, employing nanoporous layers is vital for nanogenerators either for power generation or active sensor applications at high humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoume Karimi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, 19919-43344, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Seddighi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, 19919-43344, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Raheleh Mohammadpour
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, 14588-89694, Tehran, Iran
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Dojcinovic MP, Vasiljevic ZZ, Krstic JB, Vujancevic JD, Markovic S, Tadic NB, Nikolic MV. Electrospun Nickel Manganite (NiMn 2O 4) Nanocrystalline Fibers for Humidity and Temperature Sensing. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:4357. [PMID: 34202332 DOI: 10.3390/s21134357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nickel manganite nanocrystalline fibers were obtained by electrospinning and subsequent calcination at 400 °C. As-spun fibers were characterized by TG/DTA, Scanning Electron Microscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy analysis. X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy analysis confirmed the formation of nickel manganite with a cubic spinel structure, while N2 physisorption at 77 K enabled determination of the BET specific surface area as 25.3 m2/g and (BJH) mesopore volume as 21.5 m2/g. The material constant (B) of the nanocrystalline nickel manganite fibers applied by drop-casting on test interdigitated electrodes on alumina substrate, dried at room temperature, was determined as 4379 K in the 20–50 °C temperature range and a temperature sensitivity of −4.95%/K at room temperature (25 °C). The change of impedance with relative humidity was monitored at 25 and 50 °C for a relative humidity (RH) change of 40 to 90% in the 42 Hzπ1 MHz frequency range. At 100 Hz and 25 °C, the sensitivity of 327.36 ± 80.12 kΩ/%RH was determined, showing that nickel manganite obtained by electrospinning has potential as a multifunctional material for combined humidity and temperature sensing.
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16
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Wang X, Deng Y, Chen X, Jiang P, Cheung YK, Yu H. An ultrafast-response and flexible humidity sensor for human respiration monitoring and noncontact safety warning. Microsyst Nanoeng 2021; 7:99. [PMID: 34900333 PMCID: PMC8628006 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00324-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The humidity sensor is an essential sensing node in medical diagnosis and industrial processing control. To date, most of the reported relative humidity sensors have a long response time of several seconds or even hundreds of seconds, which would limit their real application for certain critical areas with fast-varying signals. In this paper, we propose a flexible and low-cost humidity sensor using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) as electrodes, a PDMS-Parylene C double layer as the flexible substrate, and graphene oxide as the sensing material. The humidity sensor has an ultrafast response of ~20 ms, which is more than two orders faster than most of the previously reported flexible humidity sensors. Moreover, the sensor has a high sensitivity (16.7 pF/% RH), low hysteresis (<0.44%), high repeatability (2.7%), good long-term stability, and outstanding flexibility. Benefiting from these advantages, especially the fast response, the device has been demonstrated in precise human respiration monitoring (fast breathing, normal breathing, deep breathing, asthma, choking, and apnea), noncontact electrical safety warning for bare hand and wet gloves, and noncontact pipe leakage detection. In addition, the facile fabrication of the flexible platform with the PDMS-Parylene C double layer can be easily integrated with multisensing functions such as pH sensing, ammonium ion sensing, and temperature sensing, all of which are useful for more pattern recognition of human activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yang Deng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xingru Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yik Kin Cheung
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Hongyu Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
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