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Ehichioya DE, Taufique SKT, Magaña I, Farah S, Obata Y, Yamazaki S. Gut microbiota depletion minimally affects the daily voluntary wheel running activity and food anticipatory activity in female and male C57BL/6J mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1299474. [PMID: 38107475 PMCID: PMC10722266 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1299474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has highlighted that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the regulation of various aspects of mammalian physiology and behavior, including circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms are fundamental behavioral and physiological processes that are governed by circadian pacemakers in the brain. Since mice are nocturnal, voluntary wheel running activity mostly occurs at night. This nocturnal wheel-running activity is driven by the primary circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Food anticipatory activity (FAA) is the increased bout of locomotor activity that precedes the scheduled short duration of a daily meal. FAA is controlled by the food-entrainable oscillator (FEO) located outside of the SCN. Several studies have shown that germ-free mice and mice with gut microbiota depletion altered those circadian behavioral rhythms. Therefore, this study was designed to test if the gut microbiota is involved in voluntary wheel running activity and FAA expression. To deplete gut microbiota, C57BL/6J wildtype mice were administered an antibiotic cocktail via their drinking water throughout the experiment. The effect of antibiotic cocktail treatment on wheel running activity rhythm in both female and male mice was not detectable with the sample size in our current study. Then mice were exposed to timed restricted feeding during the day. Both female and male mice treated with antibiotics exhibited normal FAA which was comparable with the FAA observed in the control group. Those results suggest that gut microbiota depletion has minimum effect on both circadian behavioral rhythms controlled by the SCN and FEO respectively. Our result contradicts recently published studies that reported significantly higher FAA levels in germ-free mice compared to their control counterparts and gut microbiota depletion significantly reduced voluntary activity by 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Ehichioya
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | - Isabel Magaña
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sofia Farah
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Yuuki Obata
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Shin Yamazaki
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Wang Y, Du W, Hu X, Yu X, Guo C, Jin X, Wang W. Targeting the blood-brain barrier to delay aging-accompanied neurological diseases by modulating gut microbiota, circadian rhythms, and their interplays. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4667-4687. [PMID: 38045038 PMCID: PMC10692395 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment plays a crucial role in the pathological processes of aging-accompanied neurological diseases (AAND). Meanwhile, circadian rhythms disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with increased morbidity of neurological diseases in the accelerated aging population. Importantly, circadian rhythms disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis are also known to induce the generation of toxic metabolites and pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in disruption of BBB integrity. Collectively, this provides a new perspective for exploring the relationship among circadian rhythms, gut microbes, and the BBB in aging-accompanied neurological diseases. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the interplay between circadian rhythm disturbances and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and their potential roles in the BBB disruption that occurs in AAND. Based on existing literature, we discuss and propose potential mechanisms underlying BBB damage induced by dysregulated circadian rhythms and gut microbiota, which would serve as the basis for developing potential interventions to protect the BBB in the aging population through targeting the BBB by exploiting its links with gut microbiota and circadian rhythms for treating AAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing City, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Weihong Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Bengbu Medical College (Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City), Jiaxing 233030, China
| | - Chun Guo
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Brooks TG, Lahens NF, Grant GR, Sheline YI, FitzGerald GA, Skarke C. Diurnal rhythms of wrist temperature are associated with future disease risk in the UK Biobank. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5172. [PMID: 37620332 PMCID: PMC10449859 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many chronic disease symptomatologies involve desynchronized sleep-wake cycles, indicative of disrupted biorhythms. This can be interrogated using body temperature rhythms, which have circadian as well as sleep-wake behavior/environmental evoked components. Here, we investigated the association of wrist temperature amplitudes with a future onset of disease in the UK Biobank one year after actigraphy. Among 425 disease conditions (range n = 200-6728) compared to controls (range n = 62,107-91,134), a total of 73 (17%) disease phenotypes were significantly associated with decreased amplitudes of wrist temperature (Benjamini-Hochberg FDR q < 0.05) and 26 (6.1%) PheCODEs passed a more stringent significance level (Bonferroni-correction α < 0.05). A two-standard deviation (1.8° Celsius) lower wrist temperature amplitude corresponded to hazard ratios of 1.91 (1.58-2.31 95% CI) for NAFLD, 1.69 (1.53-1.88) for type 2 diabetes, 1.25 (1.14-1.37) for renal failure, 1.23 (1.17-1.3) for hypertension, and 1.22 (1.11-1.33) for pneumonia (phenome-wide atlas available at http://bioinf.itmat.upenn.edu/biorhythm_atlas/ ). This work suggests peripheral thermoregulation as a digital biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Brooks
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Nicholas F Lahens
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gregory R Grant
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yvette I Sheline
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carsten Skarke
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Skarke C, Brooks T, Lahens N, Grant G, Sheline Y, FitzGerald G. Diurnal rhythmicity of wearable device-measured wrist temperature predicts future disease incidence in the UK Biobank. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2535978. [PMID: 36824952 PMCID: PMC9949244 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2535978/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Many chronic disease symptomatologies involve desynchronized sleep-wake cycles, indicative of disrupted biorhythms. This can be interrogated using body temperature rhythms, which are well-established biomarkers for circadian clock function. Here, we investigated the association of wrist temperature amplitudes with a future onset of disease in the UK Biobank one year after actigraphy. Among 425 disease conditions (range n = 200-6,728) compared to controls (range n = 62,107 - 91,134), a total of 73 (36.5%) disease phenotypes were significantly associated with decreased amplitudes of wrist temperature (Benjamini-Hochberg FDR q < 0.05) and 26 (13%) PheCODEs passed a more stringent significance level (Bonferroni-correction α < 0.05). Here, for example, a two-standard deviation (1.8° Celsius) lower wrist temperature amplitude corresponded to hazard ratios of 1.91 (1.58-2.31 95% CI) for NAFLD, 1.69 (1.53-1.88) for type 2 diabetes, 1.25 (1.14-1.37) for renal failure, 1.23 (1.17-1.3) for hypertension, and 1.22 (1.11-1.33) for pneumonia. A comprehensive phenome-wide atlas of the identified mappings has been made available at http://bioinf.itmat.upenn.edu/biorhythm_atlas/. These findings strongly suggest peripheral thermoregulation as a digital biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gregory Grant
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania; Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
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