1
|
Wang C, Huang X, Tang Z, Zhang Y, Wei M, Du S, Song X, Wu Y, Chi Q, Zhuang X, Lina D, Jin Y. Dissolving microneedles loaded with nimodipine for prevention of sleep disorders at a high altitude. Pharm Dev Technol 2024:1-42. [PMID: 38626316 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2342965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are one of the most common acute reactions on the plateau, which can cause serious complications. However, there is no effective and safe treatment currently available. Nimodipine (NMD) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with neuroprotective and vasodilating activity, mainly used for the treatment of ischemic brain injury. Commercial oral or injectable NMD formulations are not a good option for central neuron diseases due to their poor brain delivery. In this study, nimodipine dissolving microneedles (NDMNs) were prepared for the prevention of sleep disorders caused by hypoxia. NDMNs were composed of NMD and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K90 with a conical morphology and high rigidity. After administration of NDMNs on the back neck of mice, the concentration of NMD in the brain was significantly higher than that of oral medication as was confirmed by the fluorescent imaging on mouse models. NDMNs enhanced cognitive function, alleviated oxidative stress, and improved the sleep quality of mice with high-altitude sleep disorders. The blockage of calcium ion overloading may be an important modulation mechanism. NDMNs are a promising and user-friendly formulation for the prevention of high-altitude sleep disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ziyan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shumin Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xingshuang Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qiang Chi
- The 967th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Du Lina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yiguan Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Williams PDE, Brewer MT, Aroian R, Robertson AP, Martin RJ. The nematode ( Ascaris suum) intestine is a location of synergistic anthelmintic effects of Cry5B and levamisole. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.20.567786. [PMID: 38045368 PMCID: PMC10690214 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.567786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel group of biocidal compounds are the Crystal 3D (Cry) and Cytolytic (Cyt) proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Some Bt Cry proteins have a selective nematocidal activity, with Cry5B being the most studied. Cry5B kills nematode parasites by binding selectively to membrane glycosphingolipids, then forming pores in the cell membranes of the intestine leading to damage. Cry5B selectively targets multiple species of nematodes from different clades and has no effect against mammalian hosts. Levamisole is a cholinomimetic anthelmintic that acts by selectively opening L-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ion-channels (L-AChRs) that have been found on muscles of nematodes. A synergistic nematocidal interaction between levamisole and Cry5B has been described previously, but the location, mechanism and time-course of this synergism is not known. In this study we follow the timeline of the effects of levamisole and Cry5B on the Ca2+ levels in enterocyte cells from the intestine of Ascaris suum using fluorescence imaging. The peak Ca2+ responses to levamisole were observed after approximately 10 minutes while the peak responses to activated Cry5B were observed after approximately 80 minutes. When levamisole and Cry5B were applied simultaneously, we observed that the responses to Cry5B were bigger and occurred sooner than when it was applied by itself. It is proposed that there is an irreversible cytoplasmic Ca2+ overload that leads to necrotic cell-death in the enterocyte that is induced by levamisole opening Ca2+ permeable L-subtype nAChRs and the development of Ca2+ permeable Cry5B toxin pores in enterocyte plasma membranes. The effects of levamisole potentiate and speed the actions of Cry5B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul D. E. Williams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Matthew T. Brewer
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Raffi Aroian
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alan P. Robertson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Williams PDE, Kashyap SS, Robertson AP, Martin RJ. Diethylcarbamazine elicits Ca 2+ signals through TRP-2 channels that are potentiated by emodepside in Brugia malayi muscles. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0041923. [PMID: 37728916 PMCID: PMC10583680 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00419-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Filarial nematode infections are a major health concern in several countries. Lymphatic filariasis is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia spp. affecting over 120 million people. Heavy infections can lead to elephantiasis, which has serious effects on individuals' lives. Although current anthelmintics are effective at killing microfilariae in the bloodstream, they have little to no effect against adult parasites found in the lymphatic system. The anthelmintic diethylcarbamazine is one of the central pillars of lymphatic filariasis control. Recent studies have reported that diethylcarbamazine can open transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the muscles of adult female Brugia malayi, leading to contraction and paralysis. Diethylcarbamazine has synergistic effects in combination with emodepside on Brugia, inhibiting motility: emodepside is an anthelmintic that has effects on filarial nematodes and is under trial for the treatment of river blindness. Here, we have studied the effects of diethylcarbamazine on single Brugia muscle cells by measuring the change in Ca2+ fluorescence in the muscle using Ca2+-imaging techniques. Diethylcarbamazine interacts with the transient receptor potential channel, C classification (TRPC) ortholog receptor TRP-2 to promote Ca2+ entry into the Brugia muscle cells, which can activate Slopoke (SLO-1) Ca2+-activated K+ channels, the putative target of emodepside. A combination of diethylcarbamazine and emodepside leads to a bigger Ca2+ signal than when either compound is applied alone. Our study shows that diethylcarbamazine targets TRP channels to promote Ca2+ entry that is increased by emodepside activation of SLO-1 K+ channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan P. Robertson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Richard J. Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Williams PDE, Kashyap SS, Robertson AP, Martin RJ. Diethylcarbamazine elicits Ca 2+ signals through TRP-2 channels that are potentiated by emodepside in Brugia malayi muscles. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.10.536248. [PMID: 37090573 PMCID: PMC10120635 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.10.536248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Filarial nematode infections are a major health concern in several countries. Lymphatic filariasis is caused by Wucheria bancrofti and Brugia spp. affecting over 120 million people. Heavy infections can lead to elephantiasis having serious effects on individuals’ lives. Although current anthelmintics are effective at killing the microfilariae in the bloodstream, they have little to no effect against adult parasites found in the lymphatic system. The anthelmintic diethylcarbamazine is one of the central pillars of lymphatic filariasis control. Recent studies have reported that diethylcarbamazine can open Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels on the muscles of adult female Brugia malayi leading to contraction and paralysis. Diethylcarbamazine has synergistic effects in combination with emodepside on Brugia inhibiting motility: emodepside is an anthelmintic that has effects on filarial nematodes and is under trials for treatment of river blindness. Here we have studied the effects of diethylcarbamazine on single Brugia muscle cells by measuring the change in Ca 2+ fluorescence in the muscle using Ca 2+ -imaging techniques. Diethylcarbamazine interacts with the TRPC orthologue receptor TRP-2 to promote Ca 2+ entry into the Brugia muscle cells which can activate SLO-1 Ca 2+ activated K + channels, the putative target of emodepside. A combination of diethylcarbamazine and emodepside leads to a bigger Ca 2+ signal than when either compound is applied alone. Our study shows that diethylcarbamazine targets TRP channels to promote Ca 2+ entry that is increased by emodepside activation of SLO-1 channels.
Collapse
|