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Teer L, Yaddanapudi K, Chen J. Biophysical Control of the Glioblastoma Immunosuppressive Microenvironment: Opportunities for Immunotherapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:93. [PMID: 38247970 PMCID: PMC10813491 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
GBM is the most aggressive and common form of primary brain cancer with a dismal prognosis. Current GBM treatments have not improved patient survival, due to the propensity for tumor cell adaptation and immune evasion, leading to a persistent progression of the disease. In recent years, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been identified as a critical regulator of these pro-tumorigenic changes, providing a complex array of biomolecular and biophysical signals that facilitate evasion strategies by modulating tumor cells, stromal cells, and immune populations. Efforts to unravel these complex TME interactions are necessary to improve GBM therapy. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy that utilizes a patient's own immune system for tumor eradication and has exhibited exciting results in many cancer types; however, the highly immunosuppressive interactions between the immune cell populations and the GBM TME continue to present challenges. In order to elucidate these interactions, novel bioengineering models are being employed to decipher the mechanisms of immunologically "cold" GBMs. Additionally, these data are being leveraged to develop cell engineering strategies to bolster immunotherapy efficacy. This review presents an in-depth analysis of the biophysical interactions of the GBM TME and immune cell populations as well as the systems used to elucidate the underlying immunosuppressive mechanisms for improving current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Teer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
| | - Kavitha Yaddanapudi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Immuno-Oncology Program, Brown Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Joseph Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
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Gao C, Fan X, Liu Y, Han Y, Liu S, Li H, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xue F. Comprehensive Analysis Reveals the Potential Roles of CDKN3 in Pancancer and Verification in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5817-5839. [PMID: 38106976 PMCID: PMC10723185 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s438479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) has been studied in many cancers. However, the comprehensive and systematic pancancer analysis of CDKN3 genes is still lacking. Methods Data were downloaded from online databases. R was used for analysis of the differential expression and gene alteration of CDKN3 and of the associations between CDKN3 expression and survival, signaling pathways, and drug sensitivity. Clinical samples and in vitro experiments were selected for verification. Results CDKN3 expression was higher in most types of cancers, and this phenotype was significantly correlated with poor survival. CDKN3 showed gene alterations and copy number alterations in many cancers and associated with some immune-related pathways and factors. Drug sensitivity analysis elucidated that CDKN3 could be a useful marker for therapy selection. Clinical samples elucidated CDKN3 expressed high in endometrial cancer tissue. In vitro studies showed that CDKN3 induced pro-tumor effect in immune environment and facilitated endometrial cancer cell proliferation and G1/S phase transition. Conclusion CDKN3 has been shown to be highly expressed in most types of cancers and promoted cancer cell progression. CDKN3 may serve as a novel marker in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangqin Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Han
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanrong Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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Li W, Liu D, Chen B, Chen X, Yu H. Ferulic acid improves cognitive impairment by regulating jumonji C domain-containing protein 6 and synaptophysin in the hippocampus in neonatal and juvenile rats with intrauterine hypoxia during pregnancy. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:2636-2645. [PMID: 36922637 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impacts of ferulic acid (FA) on jumonji C domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) and synaptophysin in the tissues of the hippocampus in neonatal and juvenile rats with intrauterine hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment. The Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, hypoxia, and hypoxia + FA. On day 14 of pregnancy, the intrauterine hypoxia model was created by placing pregnant rats in the hypoxic and low-pressure experimental chamber for 2 hr a day for 3 days. In the hypoxia + FA group, pregnant rats were injected intraperitoneally with 4% FA, once a day for 7 days. The hypoxia group was treated with equal amounts of saline. After delivery, JMJD6 and synaptophysin mRNA and proteins in the hippocampus regions were detected by in situ hybridization and western blotting. The Morris water maze was used to evaluate cognitive function. The neonatal and juvenile rats in the hypoxia group had significantly increased expression of JMJD6 and decreased expression of synaptophysin protein and synaptophysin I mRNA in the hippocampus than those in the control group. Meanwhile, hypoxia also clearly prolonged the escape latency and shortened the stay time in the target quadrant. FA decreased the expression of JMJD6 and increased the expression of synaptophysin and improved cognitive function compared with those in the hypoxia group. FA probably ameliorated the cognitive impairment by regulating JMJD6 and synaptophysin in the hippocampus of neonatal and juvenile rats who had intrauterine hypoxia during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dunyu Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingshu Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
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Sun XX, Nosrati Z, Ko J, Lee CM, Bennewith KL, Bally MB. Induced Vascular Normalization-Can One Force Tumors to Surrender to a Better Microenvironment? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2022. [PMID: 37631236 PMCID: PMC10458586 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has changed the way many cancers are being treated. Researchers in the field of immunotherapy and tumor immunology are investigating similar questions: How can the positive benefits achieved with immunotherapies be enhanced? Can this be achieved through combinations with other agents and if so, which ones? In our view, there is an urgent need to improve immunotherapy to make further gains in the overall survival for those patients that should benefit from immunotherapy. While numerous different approaches are being considered, our team believes that drug delivery methods along with appropriately selected small-molecule drugs and drug candidates could help reach the goal of doubling the overall survival rate that is seen in some patients that are given immunotherapeutics. This review article is prepared to address how immunotherapies should be combined with a second treatment using an approach that could realize therapeutic gains 10 years from now. For context, an overview of immunotherapy and cancer angiogenesis is provided. The major targets in angiogenesis that have modulatory effects on the tumor microenvironment and immune cells are highlighted. A combination approach that, for us, has the greatest potential for success involves treatments that will normalize the tumor's blood vessel structure and alter the immune microenvironment to support the action of immunotherapeutics. So, this is reviewed as well. Our focus is to provide an insight into some strategies that will engender vascular normalization that may be better than previously described approaches. The potential for drug delivery systems to promote tumor blood vessel normalization is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xin Sun
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (Z.N.); (J.K.); (C.-M.L.); (K.L.B.); (M.B.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- NanoMedicines Innovation Network, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Cuprous Pharmaceuticals, Vancouver, BC V6N 3P8, Canada
| | - Zeynab Nosrati
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (Z.N.); (J.K.); (C.-M.L.); (K.L.B.); (M.B.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Cuprous Pharmaceuticals, Vancouver, BC V6N 3P8, Canada
| | - Janell Ko
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (Z.N.); (J.K.); (C.-M.L.); (K.L.B.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Che-Min Lee
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (Z.N.); (J.K.); (C.-M.L.); (K.L.B.); (M.B.B.)
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kevin L. Bennewith
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (Z.N.); (J.K.); (C.-M.L.); (K.L.B.); (M.B.B.)
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Marcel B. Bally
- Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (Z.N.); (J.K.); (C.-M.L.); (K.L.B.); (M.B.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- NanoMedicines Innovation Network, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Cuprous Pharmaceuticals, Vancouver, BC V6N 3P8, Canada
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Manni W, Jianxin X, Weiqi H, Siyuan C, Huashan S. JMJD family proteins in cancer and inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:304. [PMID: 36050314 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of cancer entails a series of genetic mutations that favor uncontrollable tumor growth. It is believed that various factors collectively contribute to cancer, and there is no one single explanation for tumorigenesis. Epigenetic changes such as the dysregulation of enzymes modifying DNA or histones are actively involved in oncogenesis and inflammatory response. The methylation of lysine residues on histone proteins represents a class of post-translational modifications. The human Jumonji C domain-containing (JMJD) protein family consists of more than 30 members. The JMJD proteins have long been identified with histone lysine demethylases (KDM) and histone arginine demethylases activities and thus could function as epigenetic modulators in physiological processes and diseases. Importantly, growing evidence has demonstrated the aberrant expression of JMJD proteins in cancer and inflammatory diseases, which might serve as an underlying mechanism for the initiation and progression of such diseases. Here, we discuss the role of key JMJD proteins in cancer and inflammation, including the intensively studied histone lysine demethylases, as well as the understudied group of JMJD members. In particular, we focused on epigenetic changes induced by each JMJD member and summarized recent research progress evaluating their therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Cockman ME, Sugimoto Y, Pegg HB, Masson N, Salah E, Tumber A, Flynn HR, Kirkpatrick JM, Schofield CJ, Ratcliffe PJ. Widespread hydroxylation of unstructured lysine-rich protein domains by JMJD6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201483119. [PMID: 35930668 PMCID: PMC9371714 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201483119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Jumonji domain-containing protein JMJD6 is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase associated with a broad range of biological functions. Cellular studies have implicated the enzyme in chromatin biology, transcription, DNA repair, mRNA splicing, and cotranscriptional processing. Although not all studies agree, JMJD6 has been reported to catalyze both hydroxylation of lysine residues and demethylation of arginine residues. However, despite extensive study and indirect evidence for JMJD6 catalysis in many cellular processes, direct assignment of JMJD6 catalytic substrates has been limited. Examination of a reported site of proline hydroxylation within a lysine-rich region of the tandem bromodomain protein BRD4 led us to conclude that hydroxylation was in fact on lysine and catalyzed by JMJD6. This prompted a wider search for JMJD6-catalyzed protein modifications deploying mass spectrometric methods designed to improve the analysis of such lysine-rich regions. Using lysine derivatization with propionic anhydride to improve the analysis of tryptic peptides and nontryptic proteolysis, we report 150 sites of JMJD6-catalyzed lysine hydroxylation on 48 protein substrates, including 19 sites of hydroxylation on BRD4. Most hydroxylations were within lysine-rich regions that are predicted to be unstructured; in some, multiple modifications were observed on adjacent lysine residues. Almost all of the JMJD6 substrates defined in these studies have been associated with membraneless organelle formation. Given the reported roles of lysine-rich regions in subcellular partitioning by liquid-liquid phase separation, our findings raise the possibility that JMJD6 may play a role in regulating such processes in response to stresses, including hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Cockman
- Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Yoichiro Sugimoto
- Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Hamish B. Pegg
- Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Norma Masson
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Eidarus Salah
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Helen R. Flynn
- Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M. Kirkpatrick
- Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Ratcliffe
- Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
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Solinc J, Ribot J, Soubrier F, Pavoine C, Dierick F, Nadaud S. The Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Pathway in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Still an Interesting Target? Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050658. [PMID: 35629326 PMCID: PMC9143262 DOI: 10.3390/life12050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of curative options for pulmonary arterial hypertension drives important research to understand the mechanisms underlying this devastating disease. Among the main identified pathways, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) pathway was established to control vascular remodeling and anti-PDGF receptor (PDGFR) drugs were shown to reverse the disease in experimental models. Four different isoforms of PDGF are produced by various cell types in the lung. PDGFs control vascular cells migration, proliferation and survival through binding to their receptors PDGFRα and β. They elicit multiple intracellular signaling pathways which have been particularly studied in pulmonary smooth muscle cells. Activation of the PDGF pathway has been demonstrated both in patients and in pulmonary hypertension (PH) experimental models. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are numerous but without real specificity and Imatinib, one of the most specific, resulted in beneficial effects. However, adverse events and treatment discontinuation discouraged to pursue this therapy. Novel therapeutic strategies are currently under experimental evaluation. For TKI, they include intratracheal drug administration, low dosage or nanoparticles delivery. Specific anti-PDGF and anti-PDGFR molecules can also be designed such as new TKI, soluble receptors, aptamers or oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Solinc
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Jonathan Ribot
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Florent Soubrier
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Catherine Pavoine
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - France Dierick
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada;
| | - Sophie Nadaud
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-14077-9681
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Ke Y, Bi X, Yang N, Chu J, Li X, Ma W, Liu H, Wang H, Li L, Li C, Qin Y, Aji T, Shao Y, Lü G, Lin R. Serum platelet-derived growth factor-BB levels as a potential biomarker in assessing the metabolic activity of lesions in alveolar echinococcosis patients. Acta Trop 2022; 227:106290. [PMID: 34951977 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a chronic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis. Assessing the metabolic activity of AE lesions is critical to evaluate disease progression and survey treatment options. There is an urgent need to identify more rapid, convenient, and non-invasive clinical detection methods to substitute the current techniques. Herein, we evaluated the viability of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) as a biomarker for detecting the metabolic activity of AE patients and their correlations with clinicopathological features of AE patients. METHODS Sera were collected from 28 AE patients and a homogenous cohort of 28 healthy individuals. The concentration of serum PDGF-BB homodimers (sPDGF-BB) was assessed via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Liver tissue samples were obtained from a consecutive series of 28 AE patients who underwent surgical resection. Thereafter, we determined the expression levels of local PDGF-BB and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) through immunohistochemistry (IHC). Correlations of PDGF-BB expression levels with clinicopathological features of AE patients were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS The concentrations of sPDGF-BB were significantly lower in AE patients (p < 0.0001), particularly in High Metabolically Active AE patients (HMAE) patients (p < 0.05). The expression levels of PDGF-BB and its receptor were both significantly higher in close liver tissue (CLT) in AE patients (p < 0.0001). We also found that metabolically active AE and sPDGF-BB are significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.624, p = 0.0004). Beside, the local expression levels of PDGF-BB was positively correlated with metabolic activity, PNM stage, and lesion size. Notably, the sPDGF-BB levels were proposed as a potential biomarker for assessing metabolic activity of AE, with 81.0% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity (95% confidence interval, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of PDGF-BB could be a simple, non-invasive, and quick biomarker for assessing the metabolic activity of lesions in AE patients.
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Zaki MYW, Fathi AM, Samir S, Eldafashi N, William KY, Nazmy MH, Fathy M, Gill US, Shetty S. Innate and Adaptive Immunopathogeneses in Viral Hepatitis; Crucial Determinants of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1255. [PMID: 35267563 PMCID: PMC8909759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infections remain the most common risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and their heterogeneous distribution influences the global prevalence of this common type of liver cancer. Typical hepatitis infection elicits various immune responses within the liver microenvironment, and viral persistence induces chronic liver inflammation and carcinogenesis. HBV is directly mutagenic but can also cause low-grade liver inflammation characterized by episodes of intermittent high-grade liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis, which can progress to decompensated liver disease and HCC. Equally, the absence of key innate and adaptive immune responses in chronic HCV infection dampens viral eradication and induces an exhausted and immunosuppressive liver niche that favors HCC development and progression. The objectives of this review are to (i) discuss the epidemiological pattern of HBV and HCV infections, (ii) understand the host immune response to acute and chronic viral hepatitis, and (iii) explore the link between this diseased immune environment and the development and progression of HCC in preclinical models and HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Y. W. Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61732, Egypt; (A.M.F.); (N.E.); (M.H.N.); (M.F.)
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ahmed M. Fathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61732, Egypt; (A.M.F.); (N.E.); (M.H.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Samara Samir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Nardeen Eldafashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61732, Egypt; (A.M.F.); (N.E.); (M.H.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Kerolis Y. William
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt;
| | - Maiiada Hassan Nazmy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61732, Egypt; (A.M.F.); (N.E.); (M.H.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61732, Egypt; (A.M.F.); (N.E.); (M.H.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Upkar S. Gill
- Barts Liver Centre, Centre for Immunobiology, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, QMUL, London E1 2AT, UK;
| | - Shishir Shetty
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Sun Y, Wu L, Zhong Y, Zhou K, Hou Y, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Xie J, Wang C, Chen D, Huang Y, Wei X, Shi Y, Zhao Z, Li Y, Guo Z, Yu Q, Xu L, Volpe G, Qiu S, Zhou J, Ward C, Sun H, Yin Y, Xu X, Wang X, Esteban MA, Yang H, Wang J, Dean M, Zhang Y, Liu S, Yang X, Fan J. Single-cell landscape of the ecosystem in early-relapse hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell 2020; 184:404-421.e16. [PMID: 33357445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high relapse and low 5-year survival rates. Single-cell profiling in relapsed HCC may aid in the design of effective anticancer therapies, including immunotherapies. We profiled the transcriptomes of ∼17,000 cells from 18 primary or early-relapse HCC cases. Early-relapse tumors have reduced levels of regulatory T cells, increased dendritic cells (DCs), and increased infiltrated CD8+ T cells, compared with primary tumors, in two independent cohorts. Remarkably, CD8+ T cells in recurrent tumors overexpressed KLRB1 (CD161) and displayed an innate-like low cytotoxic state, with low clonal expansion, unlike the classical exhausted state observed in primary HCC. The enrichment of these cells was associated with a worse prognosis. Differential gene expression and interaction analyses revealed potential immune evasion mechanisms in recurrent tumor cells that dampen DC antigen presentation and recruit innate-like CD8+ T cells. Our comprehensive picture of the HCC ecosystem provides deeper insights into immune evasion mechanisms associated with tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Yu Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kaiqian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Omics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518100, China
| | - Zifei Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Zefan Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiarui Xie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chunqing Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yaling Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xiaochan Wei
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhikun Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Qichao Yu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Liqin Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Giacomo Volpe
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Shuangjian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Carl Ward
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Huichuan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ye Yin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Miguel A Esteban
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Science, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Michael Dean
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Yaguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Omics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518100, China.
| | - Xinrong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhong-Hua Precision Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University-BGI, Shanghai 200032, China.
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11
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Zhang JS, Wang JD, Zhu GY, Yusufu M, Xiong Y, Li J, Cao K, Jin SS, He HL, Sun XL, Wan XH. The high expression of the pain-related inflammatory factors in the eyes of cataract patients infected with hepatitis B virus. Cytokine 2020; 134:155189. [PMID: 32645537 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In cataract surgery, it is often found that patients infected hepatitis B virus (HBV) are likely to suffer from more pain than other patients. In order to assess the inflammation status of the aqueous humor in the eyes of cataract patients infected with HBV. RayBio Human Inflammation Array was used to assay aqueous humor samples collected from 14 eyes of patients infected with HBV and 14 eyes of cataract patients without HBV infection (the controls) during the cataract surgery. RayBio Human Quantibody Cutom Array was adopted for the validation of the screened cytokines, with aqueous humor samples collected from 40 eyes of patients infected with HBV and 40 eyes of the controls. A pain questionnaire survey about the surgery was conducted in all patients after operation. The results of questionnaire showed that patients infected with HBV were more likely to have pain during operation. The Human Inflammation Array revealed that the expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and tumor necrosis factor β (TNF-β) were very high in HBV infected patients and IL-1ra was much lower in patients infected with HBV (all, P < 0.05). In validation, the Human Quantibody Cutom Array revealed that the expression levels of MCP-1 and TNF-α were high in HBV infected patients with significant difference (all P < 0.05). These results revealed that pain-related inflammatory factors MCP-1 and TNF-α were increased in aqueous humor of cataract patients infected with HBV, which indicates that patients infected with HBV may be more prone to intraoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jin Da Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Gu Yu Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Mayinuer Yusufu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Kai Cao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shan Shan Jin
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hai Long He
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiu Li Sun
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiu Hua Wan
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
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12
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Wang BH, Lu YH, Wu LF, Lu X, Guo W, Deng FY, Lei SF. Evaluation of plasma cytokine protein array profile: the highlighted PDGF-BB in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:3323-3330. [PMID: 32385763 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The cytokines play critical roles in the complex pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the specific cytokines are still in need of being discovered. This multi-stage study was performed to identify novel RA cytokines in plasma and further understand the pathological mechanism of the identified cytokines. METHOD The plasma cytokine protein profile was evaluated by using Human Cytokine Antibody Array 440 in 18 subjects (RA: healthy control = 9:9). Then, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to validate the highlighted cytokines in 80 subjects (RA: healthy control = 40:40). Further functional experiments on fibroblast-like synoviocytes were performed to identify the pathological mechanisms of the highlighted cytokines for RA. RESULTS A total of seven significant cytokines have differential expressions between RA patients and controls (fold change (FC) > 2, P value < 0.05). The difference in plasma for the highlighted platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB was validated in an independent validation sample (P = 0.005). Further, the PDGF-BB obviously promotes cell proliferation of MH7A cell, probably by inhibiting cell apoptosis and accelerating the cell cycle. The PDGF-BB can also promote MH7A cell migration. CONCLUSIONS This study evaluated the plasma cytokine protein array profile associated with RA and highlighted the importance of PDGF-BB. PDGF-BB has an important role in RA-FLS proliferation and migration. These results suggest that PDGF-BB might contribute to occurrence and development of RA. Key Points • The levels of plasma cytokines were systemically tested using Human Cytokine Antibody Arrays. • The expression difference of PDGF-BB was validated in an independent sample. • PDGF-BB obviously promotes cell proliferation and migration in RA-FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Hua Wang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hua Lu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Fei Wu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yan Deng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Lei
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Abstract
The clinical sequelae associated with chronic HBV infection is generally regarded as a consequence of an inadequate and inappropriate immune response to active viral replication, predominantly at the T-cell level. However, recent studies on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-specific B cells and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HB) responses have identified their previously unrecognized role in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). These studies have also uncovered novel therapeutic approaches to more effectively target HBsAg loss and seroconversion, an important end point and regarded as a functional cure. Anti-HBs IgG has also been shown to have multiple direct acting antiviral roles with the Fab component directly blocking viral entry, and release while the Fc component has been linked to antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Likewise, the HBsAg-specific B-cell dysfunctionality can be reversed providing new therapeutic opportunities to achieve functional cure in CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Warner
- Molecular Research & Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Locarnini
- Molecular Research & Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hui Xu
- Molecular Research & Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Pountos I, Walters G, Panteli M, Einhorn TA, Giannoudis PV. Inflammatory Profile and Osteogenic Potential of Fracture Haematoma in Humans. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010047. [PMID: 31878248 PMCID: PMC7019316 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture haematoma forms immediately after fracture and is considered essential for the bone healing process. Its molecular composition has been briefly investigated with our current understanding being based on animal studies. This study aims to analyse the inflammatory cytokine content of fracture haematoma in humans and determine its effect on osteoprogenitor cells. Twenty-three patients were recruited following informed consent. Peripheral blood, fracture haematoma and bone were collected. A Luminex assay on the levels of 34 cytokines was performed and autologous peripheral blood samples served as control. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) were isolated following collagenase digestion and functional assays were performed. Gene expression analysis of 84 key osteogenic molecules was performed. Thirty-three inflammatory cytokines were found to be significantly raised in fracture haematoma when compared to peripheral serum (p < 0.05). Amongst the most raised molecules were IL-8, IL-11 and MMP1, -2 and -3. Fracture haematoma did not significantly affect MSC proliferation, but ALP activity and calcium deposition were significantly increased in the MSCs undergoing osteogenic differentiation. Medium supplementations with fracture haematoma resulted in a statistically significant upregulation of osteogenic genes including the EGF, FGF2 and VEGFA. This seems to be the pathway involved in the osteogenic effect of fracture haematoma on bone cells. In conclusion, fracture haematoma is found to be a medium rich in inflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators. At the same time, it contains high levels of anti-inflammatory molecules, regulates osteoclastogenesis, induces angiogenesis and the production of the extracellular matrix. It appears that fracture haematoma does not affect osteoprogenitor cells proliferation as previously thought, but induces an osteogenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippokratis Pountos
- Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS 2 9JT, UK; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.V.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-113-3922750
| | - Gavin Walters
- Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS 2 9JT, UK; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.V.G.)
| | - Michalis Panteli
- Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS 2 9JT, UK; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.V.G.)
| | - Thomas A. Einhorn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Peter V. Giannoudis
- Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS 2 9JT, UK; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.V.G.)
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Center, Chapel Allerton Hospital, LS7 4SA Leeds, West Yorkshire, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
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15
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Wang M, Wei J, Shang F, Zang K, Ji T. Platelet-derived growth factor B attenuates lethal sepsis through inhibition of inflammatory responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105792. [PMID: 31386981 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response during infection and remains a major clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality. Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) is a member belongs to PDGF family and has been recently reported higher expressed in survivors of severe sepsis patients. However, the exact role and underlying mechanisms of PDGF-BB in sepsis remains unclear. In this study, we found that PDGF-BB levels were significantly elevated in patients with sepsis, and higher PDGF-BB levels were negatively correlated with the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8), and chemokines (CXCL-1 and CCL2). PDGF-BB was also found increased in experimental sepsis in mice. Blockade of PDGF-BB using Tyrphostin AG 1296 aggravated, whereas recombinant PDGF-BB treatment improved survival and tissues injury in both two murine models of CLP-induced sepsis and LPS- induced endotoxemia. PDGF-BB blockade increased, whereas PDGF-BB administration decreased the inflammatory responses, as reflected by proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8), and chemokines (CXCL-1 and CCL2). PDGF-BB also showed inhibitory effect on immune cell activation and cytokines production in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, our findings suggest that PDGF-BB plays a protective role in sepsis by decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. PDGF-BB thus may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing West Road, Huai'an 223300, China.
| | - Jilou Wei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing West Road, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Futai Shang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing West Road, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Kui Zang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing West Road, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Ting Ji
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing West Road, Huai'an 223300, China
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16
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Zheng H, Tie Y, Fang Z, Wu X, Yi T, Huang S, Liang X, Qian Y, Wang X, Pi R, Chen S, Peng Y, Yang S, Zhao X, Wei X. Jumonji domain-containing 6 (JMJD6) identified as a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:24. [PMID: 31637004 PMCID: PMC6799828 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Jumonji domain-containing 6 (JMJD6) is a candidate gene associated with tumorigenesis, and JMJD6 overexpression predicts poor differentiation and unfavorable survival in some cancers. However, there are no studies reporting the expression of JMJD6 in ovarian cancer, and no JMJD6 inhibitors have been developed and applied to targeted cancer therapy research. In the present study, we found that the high expression of JMJD6 in ovarian cancer was correlated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. A potential inhibitor (SKLB325) was designed based on the crystal structure of the jmjC domain of JMJD6. This molecule significantly suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in SKOV3 cell lines as detected by CCK-8 cell proliferation assays and flow cytometry. A Matrigel endothelial tube formation assay showed that SKLB325 inhibited capillary tube organization and migration in HUVECs in vitro. We also observed that JMJD6 colocalized with p53 protein in the nucleus, with mRNA and protein expression of p53 as well as its downstream effectors significantly increasing both in vitro and in intraperitoneal tumor tissues treated with SKLB325. In addition, SKLB325 significantly reduced the intraperitoneal tumor weight and markedly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that JMJD6 may be a marker of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer and that SKLB325 may be a potential candidate drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yan Tie
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Qian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ruyu Pi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Yong Peng
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Lab of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan P. R. China
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17
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Hung KH, Woo YH, Lin IY, Liu CH, Wang LC, Chen HY, Chiang BL, Lin KI. The KDM4A/KDM4C/NF-κB and WDR5 epigenetic cascade regulates the activation of B cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:5547-5560. [PMID: 29718303 PMCID: PMC6009645 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cell-derived signals promote activation and proliferation of antigen-primed B cells. It remains unclear whether epigenetic regulation is involved in the B cell responses to Tfh cell-derived signals. Here, we demonstrate that Tfh cell-mimicking signals induce the expression of histone demethylases KDM4A and KDM4C, and the concomitant global down-regulation of their substrates, H3K9me3/me2, in B cells. Depletion of KDM4A and KDM4C potentiates B cell activation and proliferation in response to Tfh cell-derived signals. ChIP-seq and de novo motif analysis reveals NF-κB p65 as a binding partner of KDM4A and KDM4C. Their co-targeting to Wdr5, a MLL complex member promoting H3K4 methylation, up-regulates cell cycle inhibitors Cdkn2c and Cdkn3. Thus, Tfh cell-derived signals trigger KDM4A/KDM4C - WDR5 - Cdkn2c/Cdkn3 cascade in vitro, an epigenetic mechanism regulating proper proliferation of activated B cells. This pathway is dysregulated in B cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients and may represent a pathological link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsuan Hung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yong H Woo
- Division of Biological Sciences, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - I-Ying Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsiu Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and Academia Sinica, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-I Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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18
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Aryal B, Yamakuchi M, Shimizu T, Kadono J, Furoi A, Gejima K, Komokata T, Koriyama C, Hashiguchi T, Imoto Y. Predictive Value of Diminished Serum PDGF-BB after Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Cancer. J Oncol 2019; 2019:1925315. [PMID: 30723501 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1925315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) has emerged as one of the key cytokines in malignant transformation of different cells. PDGF-BB also exhibits a potent mitogenic effect on liver cells; studies have advocated clinical implications of monitoring serum PDGF-BB (sPDGF-BB) in patients with liver disease. We thus investigated the predictive relevance of perioperative sPDGF-BB after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods We evaluated perioperative sPDGF-BB in a prospective homogenous cohort of 40 patients diagnosed with HCC. During the first two-year follow-up, patients were evaluated every three months for postresection HCC recurrence. Results Patients who developed recurrence during two-year follow-up were found to have lower concentration of sPDGF-BB than those without recurrence in both pre- and postoperative settings (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, resp.). We validated that the reduced postoperative sPDGF-BB (< 2133.29 pg/mL) was associated with an increased incidence of postresection HCC recurrence [area under curve (AUC) > 0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.68 - 0.94, P < 0.001]; furthermore, we were able to demonstrate that postoperative sPDGF-BB was an independent predictor of HCC recurrence (hazard ratio = 5.64, 95% CI = 1.56 - 20.30, P < 0.01). Conclusions These findings provide a new insight into an association between diminished perioperative sPDGF-BB and HCC recurrence. Patients with low perioperative sPDGF-BB progressed early HCC recurrence. Therefore, evaluating perioperative sPDGF-BB may provide useful clinical information to characterize patients with postresection HCC recurrence.
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19
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Ho YJ, Shih CP, Yeh KT, Shi B, Gong Z, Lin YM, Lu JW. Correlation between high expression levels of jumonji domain-containing 4 and short survival in cases of colon adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1442-1449. [PMID: 30029884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the expression of jumonji domain-containing 4 (JMJD4) in colon adenocarcinoma (CA) look for evidences for future studies on clinical diagnostic and prognostic value. The immunohistochemical (IHC) reactivity of JMJD4 was assessed in human tissue microarrays using monoclonal antibodies. An initial investigation revealed that the expression of JMJD4 protein was significantly higher in tumor tissue of the colon and liver than in normal tissue. Upon further investigation, we observed significant positivity of JMJD4 between 59 paired samples from CA tissue and adjacent normal tissue. JMJD4 protein expression in CA differed significantly according to the histological grade and M-class (distant metastasis). We also determined that the mRNA or protein expression of JMJD4 was significantly associated with poor survival in patients with CA. Finally, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that JMJD4 expression could be a prognostic indicator for patients with CA and may provide a new target for the development of novel therapies for the treatment of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Ho
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Shih
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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20
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Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus that can establish a persistent and chronic infection in humans through immune anergy. Currently, 3.5% of the global population is chronically infected with HBV, although the incidence of HBV infections is decreasing owing to vaccination and, to a lesser extent, the use of antiviral therapy to reduce the viral load of chronically infected individuals. The course of chronic HBV infection typically comprises different clinical phases, each of which potentially lasts for decades. Well-defined and verified serum and liver biopsy diagnostic markers enable the assessment of disease severity, viral replication status, patient risk stratification and treatment decisions. Current therapy includes antiviral agents that directly act on viral replication and immunomodulators, such as interferon therapy. Antiviral agents for HBV include reverse transcriptase inhibitors, which are nucleoside or nucleotide analogues that can profoundly suppress HBV replication but require long-term maintenance therapy. Novel compounds are being actively investigated to achieve the goal of HBV surface antigen seroclearance (functional cure), a serological state that is associated with a higher remission rate (thus, no viral rebound) after treatment cessation and a lower rate of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This Primer addresses several aspects of HBV infection, including epidemiology, immune pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and management.
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21
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Gao WW, Xiao RQ, Zhang WJ, Hu YR, Peng BL, Li WJ, He YH, Shen HF, Ding JC, Huang QX, Ye TY, Li Y, Liu ZY, Ding R, Rosenfeld MG, Liu W. JMJD6 Licenses ERα-Dependent Enhancer and Coding Gene Activation by Modulating the Recruitment of the CARM1/MED12 Co-activator Complex. Mol Cell 2018; 70:340-357.e8. [PMID: 29628309 PMCID: PMC6258263 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Whereas the actions of enhancers in gene transcriptional regulation are well established, roles of JmjC-domain-containing proteins in mediating enhancer activation remain poorly understood. Here, we report that recruitment of the JmjC-domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) to estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-bound active enhancers is required for RNA polymerase II recruitment and enhancer RNA production on enhancers, resulting in transcriptional pause release of cognate estrogen target genes. JMJD6 is found to interact with MED12 in the mediator complex to regulate its recruitment. Unexpectedly, JMJD6 is necessary for MED12 to interact with CARM1, which methylates MED12 at multiple arginine sites and regulates its chromatin binding. Consistent with its role in transcriptional activation, JMJD6 is required for estrogen/ERα-induced breast cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis. Our data have uncovered a critical regulator of estrogen/ERα-induced enhancer coding gene activation and breast cancer cell potency, providing a potential therapeutic target of ER-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Rong-Quan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yi-Ren Hu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bing-Ling Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yao-Hui He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hai-Feng Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qi-Xuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Tian-Yi Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Rong Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Michael G Rosenfeld
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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22
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Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized medical oncology following the remarkable and, in some cases, unprecedented outcomes observed in certain groups of patients with cancer. Combination with other therapeutic modalities, including anti-angiogenic agents, is one of the many strategies currently under investigation to improve the response rates and duration of immunotherapies. Such a strategy might seem counterintuitive given that anti-angiogenic agents can increase tumour hypoxia and reduce the number of blood vessels within tumours. Herein, we review the additional effects mediated by drugs targeting VEGF-dependent signalling and other pathways, such as those mediated by angiopoietin 2 or HGF, which might increase the efficacy of immunotherapies. In addition, we discuss the seldom considered possibility that immunotherapies, and immune-checkpoint inhibitors in particular, might increase the efficacy of anti-angiogenic or other types of antivascular therapies and/or promote changes in the tumour vasculature. In short, we propose that interactions between both therapeutic modalities could be considered a 'two-way street'.
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23
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Ganesan M, Tikhanovich I, Vangimalla SS, Dagur RS, Wang W, Poluektova LI, Sun Y, Mercer DF, Tuma D, Weinman SA, Kharbanda KK, Osna NA. Demethylase JMJD6 as a New Regulator of Interferon Signaling: Effects of HCV and Ethanol Metabolism. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 5:101-112. [PMID: 29693039 PMCID: PMC5904050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Alcohol-induced progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is related to dysfunction of innate immunity in hepatocytes. Endogenously produced interferon (IFN)α induces activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) via triggering of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathway. This activation requires protein methyltransferase 1-regulated arginine methylation of STAT1. Here, we aimed to study whether STAT1 methylation also depended on the levels of demethylase jumonji domain-containing 6 protein (JMJD6) and whether ethanol and HCV affect JMJD6 expression in hepatocytes. METHODS Huh7.5-CYP (RLW) cells and hepatocytes were exposed to acetaldehyde-generating system (AGS) and 50 mmol/L ethanol, respectively. JMJD6 messenger RNA and protein expression were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. IFNα-activated cells either overexpressing JMJD6 or with knocked-down JMJD6 expression were tested for STAT1 methylation, ISG activation, and HCV RNA. In vivo studies have been performed on C57Bl/6 mice (expressing HCV structural proteins or not) or chimeric mice with humanized livers fed control or ethanol diets. RESULTS AGS exposure to cells up-regulated JMJD6 expression in RLW cells. These results were corroborated by ethanol treatment of primary hepatocytes. The promethylating agent betaine reversed the effects of AGS/ethanol. Similar results were obtained in vivo, when mice were fed control/ethanol with and without betaine supplementation. Overexpression of JMJD6 suppressed STAT1 methylation, IFNα-induced ISG activation, and increased HCV-RNA levels. In contrast, JMJD6 silencing enhanced STAT1 methylation, ISG stimulation by IFNα, and attenuated HCV-RNA expression in Huh7.5 cells. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that arginine methylation of STAT1 is suppressed by JMJD6. Both HCV and acetaldehyde increase JMJD6 levels, thereby impairing STAT1 methylation and innate immunity protection in hepatocytes exposed to the virus and/or alcohol.
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Key Words
- 4-MP, 4-methylpirazole
- ADH, alcohol dehydrogenase
- AGS, acetaldehyde-generating system
- AMI-1, protein arginine N-methyltransferase inhibitor
- Ach, acetaldehyde
- Alcohol
- BHMT, betaine-homocysteine-S-methyltransferase
- CYP2E1, cytochrome P450 2E1
- HCV
- HCV, hepatitis C virus
- IFN, interferon
- ISG, interferon-stimulated gene
- JAK-STAT, Janus kinase–STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- JMJD6
- JMJD6, jumonji domain-containing 6 protein
- OA, okadaic acid
- OAS-1, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase-1
- OASL, 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A
- PRMT1, protein methyl transferase 1
- RT, reverse-transcription
- SAM, S-adenosylmethionine
- STAT1
- TK-NOG, thymidine kinase transgene-NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull mice
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- siRNA, short interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska–Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Irina Tikhanovich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shiva Shankar Vangimalla
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska–Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Raghubendra Singh Dagur
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Larisa I. Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Yimin Sun
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - David F. Mercer
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Dean Tuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Steven A. Weinman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska–Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska–Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Natalia Osna, PhD, Veterans Affairs Medical Center/University of Nebraska Medical Center, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, Nebraska 68105. fax: (402) 995-4600.
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24
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Tsai WC, Reineke LC, Jain A, Jung SY, Lloyd RE. Histone arginine demethylase JMJD6 is linked to stress granule assembly through demethylation of the stress granule-nucleating protein G3BP1. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18886-18896. [PMID: 28972166 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.800706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SG) are membrane-less organelles that are condensates of stalled translation initiation complexes and mRNAs. SG formation is a cytoprotective response to environmental stress and results from protein interactions involving regions of low amino acid complexity and poorly defined post-translational modifications of SG components. Many RNA-binding proteins are methylated, and we previously demonstrated that the potent SG-nucleating protein G3BP1 is methylated by protein arginine methyltransferase 1 and 5 (PRMT1 and PRMT5). G3BP1 methylation represses SG formation and is reversible. Here we functionally link JMJD6 (Jumonji C domain-containing protein 6) to G3BP1 demethylation. Our findings reveal that JMJD6 is a novel SG component that interacts with G3BP1 complexes, and its expression reduces G3BP1 monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation at three Arg residues. Knockdown of JMJD6 repressed SG formation and G3BP1 demethylation, but SG formation and G3BP1 demethylation were rescued with catalytically active but not mutant JMJD6. These results suggest that JMJD6 functions directly or indirectly as an arginine demethylase of G3BP1 that promotes SG formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Tsai
- From the Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology
| | - Lucas C Reineke
- From the Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology.,Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and
| | - Antrix Jain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Richard E Lloyd
- From the Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology,
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25
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Yi J, Shen HF, Qiu JS, Huang MF, Zhang WJ, Ding JC, Zhu XY, Zhou Y, Fu XD, Liu W. JMJD6 and U2AF65 co-regulate alternative splicing in both JMJD6 enzymatic activity dependent and independent manner. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:3503-3518. [PMID: 27899633 PMCID: PMC5389685 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
JMJD6, a jumonji C (Jmj C) domain-containing protein demethylase and hydroxylase, has been implicated in an array of biological processes. It has been shown that JMJD6 interacts with and hydroxylates multiple serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins and SR related proteins, including U2AF65, all of which are known to function in alternative splicing regulation. However, whether JMJD6 is widely involved in alternative splicing and the molecular mechanism underlying JMJD6-regulated alternative splicing have remained incompletely understood. Here, by using RASL-Seq, we investigated the functional impact of RNA-dependent interaction between JMJD6 and U2AF65, revealing that JMJD6 and U2AF65 co-regulated a large number of alternative splicing events. We further demonstrated the JMJD6 function in alternative splicing in jmjd6 knockout mice. Mechanistically, we showed that the enzymatic activity of JMJD6 was required for a subset of JMJD6-regulated splicing, and JMJD6-mediated lysine hydroxylation of U2AF65 could account for, at least partially, their co-regulated alternative splicing events, suggesting both JMJD6 enzymatic activity-dependent and independent control of alternative splicing. These findings reveal an intimate link between JMJD6 and U2AF65 in alternative splicing regulation, which has important implications in development and disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hai-Feng Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jin-Song Qiu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0651, USA
| | - Ming-Feng Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Ding
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0648, USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0651, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Fu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0651, USA
| | - Wen Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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Vangimalla SS, Ganesan M, Kharbanda KK, Osna NA. Bifunctional Enzyme JMJD6 Contributes to Multiple Disease Pathogenesis: New Twist on the Old Story. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7020041. [PMID: 28587176 PMCID: PMC5485730 DOI: 10.3390/biom7020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) is a non-heme Fe(II) 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenase with arginine demethylase and lysyl hydroxylase activities. Its initial discovery as a dispensable phosphatidylserine receptor (PSR) in the cell membrane of macrophages for phagocytosis was squashed by newer studies which revealed its nuclear localization and bifunctional enzymatic activity. Though its interaction with several nuclear and cytoplasmic target proteins has been demonstrated, the exact mechanisms and clinical significance of these various biologic interplays are not yet well established. Recent investigations have shed the light on the multiple pathways by which JMJD6 can regulate cell proliferation and cause tumorigenesis. Clinically, JMJD6 has been associated with more aggressive and metastatic disease, poorer prognosis, and lower overall survival rates-particularly in lung colon and oral cancers. JMJD6 is a novel biomarker for predicting future disease outcomes and is a target for new therapeutic treatments in future studies. Aberrant expression and dysregulation of JMJD6 are implicated in various other processes such as impaired T-cell proliferation and maturation, inoculation, and virulence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), and impaired methylation of innate immunity factor. This article reviews the association of JMJD6 with various pathological processes-particularly, its role in tumorigenesis and virological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Shankar Vangimalla
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Natalia A Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Dant TA, Lin KL, Bruce DW, Montgomery SA, Kolupaev OV, Bommiasamy H, Bixby LM, Woosley JT, McKinnon KP, Gonzalez FJ, Blazar BR, Vincent BG, Coghill JM, Serody JS. T-cell expression of AhR inhibits the maintenance of pT reg cells in the gastrointestinal tract in acute GVHD. Blood 2017; 130:348-59. [PMID: 28550042 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-08-734244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that affects the function and development of immune cells. Here, we show that recipient mice receiving AhR-/- T cells have improved survival and decreased acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in 2 different murine allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) models. We also show that CD4+ T cells lacking AhR demonstrate reduced accumulation in secondary lymphoid tissue because of low levels of proliferation 4 days after BMT. Additionally, we found a significant increase in the quantity of peripherally induced regulatory donor T (pTreg) cells in the colon of recipients transplanted with AhR-/- T cells 14 days after transplant. Blockade of AhR using a clinically available AhR antagonist greatly enhanced the in vitro generation of inducible Treg (iTreg) cells from naïve CD4+ human T cells. We have identified AhR as a novel target on donor T cells that is critical to the pathogenesis of aGVHD.
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Kwok J, O'Shea M, Hume DA, Lengeling A. Jmjd6, a JmjC Dioxygenase with Many Interaction Partners and Pleiotropic Functions. Front Genet 2017; 8:32. [PMID: 28360925 PMCID: PMC5352680 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysyl hydroxylation and arginyl demethylation are post-translational events that are important for many cellular processes. The jumonji domain containing protein 6 (JMJD6) has been reported to catalyze both lysyl hydroxylation and arginyl demethylation on diverse protein substrates. It also interacts directly with RNA. This review summarizes knowledge of JMJD6 functions that have emerged in the last 15 years and considers how a single Jumonji C (JmjC) domain-containing enzyme can target so many different substrates. New links and synergies between the three main proposed functions of Jmjd6 in histone demethylation, promoter proximal pause release of polymerase II and RNA splicing are discussed. The physiological context of the described molecular functions is considered and recently described novel roles for JMJD6 in cancer and immune biology are reviewed. The increased knowledge of JMJD6 functions has wider implications for our general understanding of the JmjC protein family of which JMJD6 is a member.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Kwok
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marie O'Shea
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, UK
| | - David A Hume
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andreas Lengeling
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, UK
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Castro-Sánchez P, Ramirez-Munoz R, Roda-Navarro P. Gene Expression Profiles of Human Phosphotyrosine Phosphatases Consequent to Th1 Polarisation and Effector Function. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:8701042. [PMID: 28393080 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8701042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphotyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) constitute a complex family of enzymes that control the balance of intracellular phosphorylation levels to allow cell responses while avoiding the development of diseases. Despite the relevance of CD4 T cell polarisation and effector function in human autoimmune diseases, the expression profile of PTPs during T helper polarisation and restimulation at inflammatory sites has not been assessed. Here, a systematic analysis of the expression profile of PTPs has been carried out during Th1-polarising conditions and upon PKC activation and intracellular raise of Ca2+ in effector cells. Changes in gene expression levels suggest a previously nonnoted regulatory role of several PTPs in Th1 polarisation and effector function. A substantial change in the spatial compartmentalisation of ERK during T cell responses is proposed based on changes in the dose of cytoplasmic and nuclear MAPK phosphatases. Our study also suggests a regulatory role of autoimmune-related PTPs in controlling T helper polarisation in humans. We expect that those PTPs that regulate T helper polarisation will constitute potential targets for intervening CD4 T cell immune responses in order to generate new therapies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Deng M, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhang L, Xie G, Liu Q, Zhang T, Yuan P, Liu D. Silencing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 inhibits the migration of breast cancer cell lines. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1523-30. [PMID: 27314680 PMCID: PMC4940103 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) belongs to the dual-specificity protein phosphatase family, which is hypothesized to regulate cell cycle progression in tumor cells. However, whether CDKN3 is a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer remains to be elucidated. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the potential roles of CDKN3 in breast cancer. Breast cancer cell lines were used to detect CDKN3 expression, and CDKN3 expression was silenced to investigate its role in cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and migration. The underlying mechanisms were screened by detecting proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA), vimentin, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax) expression. CDKN3 was highly expressed in MCF‑7 and BT474 cell lines. The silencing of CDKN3 in MCF‑7 and BT474 cell lines promoted cell apoptosis, induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell migration. The expression levels of PCNA, RhoA, vimentin and Bcl‑2 were downregulated following CDKN3 silencing. Conversely, Bax expression was increased, as compared with the vehicle control. These results suggest that CDKN3 acts as an oncogene during breast cancer progression. The in vitro silencing of CDKN3 promoted apoptosis, induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell migration. Possible mechanisms are associated with the regulation of PCNA, Bcl‑2, vimentin, RhoA and Bax expression. CDKN3 may therefore be considered a potential target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Jianguang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Like Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Gangqiang Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Qipeng Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Dechun Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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Hu YJ, Imbalzano AN. Global gene expression profiling of JMJD6- and JMJD4-depleted mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Sci Data 2016; 3:160022. [PMID: 27071056 PMCID: PMC4828940 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests Jumonji domain-containing proteins are epigenetic regulators in diverse biological processes including cellular differentiation and proliferation. RNA interference-based analyses combined with gene expression profiling can effectively characterize the cellular functions of these enzymes. We found that the depletion of Jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) and its paralog protein Jumonji domain-containing protein 4 (JMJD4) individually by small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) slowed cell proliferation of mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts. We subsequently performed gene expression profiling on both JMJD6- and JMJD4-depleted mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts using the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Exon 1.0 ST Array. Here we report the gene profiling datasets along with the experimental procedures. The information can be used to further investigate how JMJD6 and JMJD4 affect gene expression and cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Hu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
| | - Anthony N Imbalzano
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
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Hamzić E, Kjærup RB, Mach N, Minozzi G, Strozzi F, Gualdi V, Williams JL, Chen J, Wattrang E, Buitenhuis B, Juul-Madsen HR, Dalgaard TS. RNA sequencing-based analysis of the spleen transcriptome following infectious bronchitis virus infection of chickens selected for different mannose-binding lectin serum concentrations. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:82. [PMID: 26819139 PMCID: PMC4729133 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avian infectious bronchitis is a highly contagious disease of the upper-respiratory tract caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction between innate and adaptive immune responses to IBV infection is a crucial element for further improvements in strategies to control IB. To this end, two chicken lines, selected for high (L10H line) and low (L10L line) serum concentration of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) were studied. In total, 32 birds from each line were used. Sixteen birds from each line were infected with IBV and sixteen were left uninfected. Eight uninfected and infected birds from each line were euthanized at 1 and 3 weeks post infection. RNA sequencing was performed on spleen samples from all 64 birds and differential gene expression analysis was performed for four comparisons: L10L line versus L10H line for uninfected birds at weeks 1 and 3, respectively, and in the same way for infected birds. Functional analysis was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) Immune System Process terms specific for Gallus gallus. Results Comparing uninfected L10H and L10L birds, we identified 1698 and 1424 differentially expressed (DE) genes at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. For the IBV-infected birds, 1934 and 866 DE genes were identified between the two lines at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. The two most enriched GO terms emerging from the comparison of uninfected birds between the two lines were “Lymphocyte activation involved in immune response” and “Somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes involved in immune response” at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. When comparing IBV-infected birds between the two lines, the most enriched GO terms were “Alpha-beta T cell activation” and “Positive regulation of leukocyte activation” at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. Conclusions Healthy birds from the two lines showed significant differences in expression profiles for subsets of adaptive and innate immunity-related genes, whereas comparison of the IBV-infected birds from the two lines showed differences in expression of immunity-related genes involved in T cell activation and proliferation. The observed transcriptome differences between the two lines indicate that selection for MBL had influenced innate as well as adaptive immunity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2403-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edin Hamzić
- UMR1313 Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology Unit, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75005, Paris, France. .,UMR1313 Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology Unit, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. .,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Rikke Brødsgaard Kjærup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Núria Mach
- UMR1313 Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology Unit, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Guilietta Minozzi
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Via Einstein, 26900, Lodi, Italy. .,University of Milan, DIVET, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - John L Williams
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Via Einstein, 26900, Lodi, Italy. .,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, 5371, Roseworthy, Australia.
| | - Jun Chen
- Cobb-Vantress Inc, US-412 Road, Siloam Springs, AR, 72761, USA.
| | - Eva Wattrang
- National Veterinary Institute, Ulls väg 2B, 751 89, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Bart Buitenhuis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Helle Risdahl Juul-Madsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Tina Sørensen Dalgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
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Zinkevičienė A, Kainov D, Lastauskienė E, Kvedarienė V, Bychkov D, Byrne M, Girkontaitė I. Serum Biomarkers of Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Pilot Study. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 168:161-4. [PMID: 26790150 DOI: 10.1159/000442749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by repeated skin exposure to contact allergens. The goal of this pilot study was to identify inflammatory proteins which can serve as biomarkers for ACD. METHODS We measured levels of 102 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in the sera of 16 ACD patients during acute and remission phases, and 16 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Serum levels of adiponectin, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), C-reactive protein (CRP), chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1), complement factor D (CFD), endoglin, lipocalin-2, osteopontin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), and platelet factor 4 (PF4) were significantly higher, whereas levels of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) were significantly lower, in ACD patients than in healthy controls. In ACD patients, serum levels of CCL5 were elevated, whereas levels of TFF3, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB/BB were found to be lower during the remission phase of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of adiponectin, CCL5, CRP, CHI3L1, CFD, endoglin, lipocalin-2, osteopontin, RBP4, PF4, and TFF3 might be exploited as biomarkers for ACD, whereas levels of CCL5, TFF3, sICAM-1, and PDGF-AB/BB might be exploited for evaluation of disease progression and efficacy of ACD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auksė Zinkevičienė
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Ye B, Liu X, Li X, Kong H, Tian L, Chen Y. T-cell exhaustion in chronic hepatitis B infection: current knowledge and clinical significance. Cell Death Dis. 2015;6:e1694. [PMID: 25789969 PMCID: PMC4385920 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major cause of inflammatory liver disease, of which the clinical recovery and effective anti-viral therapy is associated with the sustained viral control of effector T cells. In humans, chronic HBV infection often shows weak or absent virus-specific T-cell reactivity, which is described as the ‘exhaustion' state characterized by poor effector cytotoxic activity, impaired cytokine production and sustained expression of multiple inhibitory receptors, such as programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), lymphocyte activation gene-3, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 and CD244. As both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells participate in the immune responses against chronic hepatitis virus through distinct manners, compelling evidences have been proposed, which restore the anti-viral function of these exhausted T cells by blocking those inhibitory receptors with its ligand and will pave the way for the development of more effective immunotherapeutic and prophylactic strategies for the treatment of chronic infectious diseases. A large number of studies have stated the essentiality of T-cell exhaustion in virus-infected diseases, such as LCMV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus infections and cancers. Besides, the functional restoration of HCV- and HIV-specific CD8+ T cells by PD-1 blockade has already been repeatedly verified, and also for the immunological control of tumors in humans, blocking the PD-1 pathway could be a major immunotherapeutic strategy. Although the specific molecular pathways of T-cell exhaustion remain ambiguous, several transcriptional pathways have been implicated in T-cell exhaustion recently; among them Blimp-1, T-bet and NFAT2 were able to regulate exhausted T cells during chronic viral infection, suggesting a distinct lineage fate for this sub-population of T cells. This paper summarizes the current literature relevant to T-cell exhaustion in patients with HBV-related chronic hepatitis, the options for identifying new potential therapeutic targets to treat HBV infection and highlights priorities for further study.
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