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Junge S, Ricci Signorini ME, Al Masri M, Gülink J, Brüning H, Kasperek L, Szepes M, Bakar M, Gruh I, Heisterkamp A, Torres-Mapa ML. A micro-LED array based platform for spatio-temporal optogenetic control of various cardiac models. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19490. [PMID: 37945622 PMCID: PMC10636122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics relies on dynamic spatial and temporal control of light to address emerging fundamental and therapeutic questions in cardiac research. In this work, a compact micro-LED array, consisting of 16 × 16 pixels, is incorporated in a widefield fluorescence microscope for controlled light stimulation. We describe the optical design of the system that allows the micro-LED array to fully cover the field of view regardless of the imaging objective used. Various multicellular cardiac models are used in the experiments such as channelrhodopsin-2 expressing aggregates of cardiomyocytes, termed cardiac bodies, and bioartificial cardiac tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. The pacing efficiencies of the cardiac bodies and bioartificial cardiac tissues were characterized as a function of illumination time, number of switched-on pixels and frequency of stimulation. To demonstrate dynamic stimulation, steering of calcium waves in HL-1 cell monolayer expressing channelrhodopsin-2 was performed by applying different configurations of patterned light. This work shows that micro-LED arrays are powerful light sources for optogenetic control of contraction and calcium waves in cardiac monolayers, multicellular bodies as well as three-dimensional artificial cardiac tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Junge
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Elena Ricci Signorini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Masa Al Masri
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Gülink
- QubeDot GmbH, Wilhelmsgarten 3, 38100, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Heiko Brüning
- QubeDot GmbH, Wilhelmsgarten 3, 38100, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Leon Kasperek
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Monika Szepes
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mine Bakar
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Gruh
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Leilani Torres-Mapa
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Aitova A, Berezhnoy A, Tsvelaya V, Gusev O, Lyundup A, Efimov AE, Agapov I, Agladze K. Biomimetic Cardiac Tissue Models for In Vitro Arrhythmia Studies. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:487. [PMID: 37887618 PMCID: PMC10604593 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Many arrhythmias are caused by reentry, a phenomenon where excitation waves circulate in the heart. Optical mapping techniques have revealed the role of reentry in arrhythmia initiation and fibrillation transition, but the underlying biophysical mechanisms are still difficult to investigate in intact hearts. Tissue engineering models of cardiac tissue can mimic the structure and function of native cardiac tissue and enable interactive observation of reentry formation and wave propagation. This review will present various approaches to constructing cardiac tissue models for reentry studies, using the authors' work as examples. The review will highlight the evolution of tissue engineering designs based on different substrates, cell types, and structural parameters. A new approach using polymer materials and cellular reprogramming to create biomimetic cardiac tissues will be introduced. The review will also show how computational modeling of cardiac tissue can complement experimental data and how such models can be applied in the biomimetics of cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleria Aitova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 423450 Almetyevsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Berezhnoy
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 423450 Almetyevsk, Russia
| | - Valeriya Tsvelaya
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 423450 Almetyevsk, Russia
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420018 Kazan, Russia
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | | | - Anton E. Efimov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Agapov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, 129110 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Aitova A, Scherbina S, Berezhnoy A, Slotvitsky M, Tsvelaya V, Sergeeva T, Turchaninova E, Rybkina E, Bakumenko S, Sidorov I, Popov MA, Dontsov V, Agafonov EG, Efimov AE, Agapov I, Zybin D, Shumakov D, Agladze K. Novel Molecular Vehicle-Based Approach for Cardiac Cell Transplantation Leads to Rapid Electromechanical Graft-Host Coupling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10406. [PMID: 37373555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodeling is an inevitable risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias and can potentially be corrected with cell therapy. Although the generation of cardiac cells ex vivo is possible, specific approaches to cell replacement therapy remain unclear. On the one hand, adhesive myocyte cells must be viable and conjugated with the electromechanical syncytium of the recipient tissue, which is unattainable without an external scaffold substrate. On the other hand, the outer scaffold may hinder cell delivery, for example, making intramyocardial injection difficult. To resolve this contradiction, we developed molecular vehicles that combine a wrapped (rather than outer) polymer scaffold that is enveloped by the cell and provides excitability restoration (lost when cells were harvested) before engraftment. It also provides a coating with human fibronectin, which initiates the process of graft adhesion into the recipient tissue and can carry fluorescent markers for the external control of the non-invasive cell position. In this work, we used a type of scaffold that allowed us to use the advantages of a scaffold-free cell suspension for cell delivery. Fragmented nanofibers (0.85 µm ± 0.18 µm in diameter) with fluorescent labels were used, with solitary cells seeded on them. Cell implantation experiments were performed in vivo. The proposed molecular vehicles made it possible to establish rapid (30 min) electromechanical contact between excitable grafts and the recipient heart. Excitable grafts were visualized with optical mapping on a rat heart with Langendorff perfusion at a 0.72 ± 0.32 Hz heart rate. Thus, the pre-restored grafts' excitability (with the help of a wrapped polymer scaffold) allowed rapid electromechanical coupling with the recipient tissue. This information could provide a basis for the reduction of engraftment arrhythmias in the first days after cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleria Aitova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Serafima Scherbina
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Andrey Berezhnoy
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Mikhail Slotvitsky
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Valeriya Tsvelaya
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Tatyana Sergeeva
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Elena Turchaninova
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Rybkina
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Sergey Bakumenko
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2 Lenina St., 423450 Almetyevsk, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Ilya Sidorov
- Nanobiomedicine Division, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Popov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav Dontsov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Agafonov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton E Efimov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1 Schukinskaya St., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Agapov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1 Schukinskaya St., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Zybin
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Shumakov
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Laboratory of Experimental and Cellular Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
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Martyniak A, Jeż M, Dulak J, Stępniewski J. Adaptation of cardiomyogenesis to the generation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:8-29. [PMID: 36263833 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The advent of methods for efficient generation and cardiac differentiation of pluripotent stem cells opened new avenues for disease modelling, drug testing, and cell therapies of the heart. However, cardiomyocytes (CM) obtained from such cells demonstrate an immature, foetal-like phenotype that involves spontaneous contractions, irregular morphology, expression of embryonic isoforms of sarcomere components, and low level of ion channels. These and other features may affect cellular response to putative therapeutic compounds and the efficient integration into the host myocardium after in vivo delivery. Therefore, novel strategies to increase the maturity of pluripotent stem cell-derived CM are of utmost importance. Several approaches have already been developed relying on molecular changes that occur during foetal and postnatal maturation of the heart, its electromechanical activity, and the cellular composition. As a better understanding of these determinants may facilitate the generation of efficient protocols for in vitro acquisition of an adult-like phenotype by immature CM, this review summarizes the most important molecular factors that govern CM during embryonic development, postnatal changes that trigger heart maturation, as well as protocols that are currently used to generate mature pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Martyniak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jeż
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Stępniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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5
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Slotvitsky M, Berezhnoy A, Scherbina S, Rimskaya B, Tsvelaya V, Balashov V, Efimov AE, Agapov I, Agladze K. Polymer Kernels as Compact Carriers for Suspended Cardiomyocytes. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 14:51. [PMID: 36677111 PMCID: PMC9865253 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) constitute a potential source of patient-specific human cardiomyocytes for a cardiac cell replacement therapy via intramyocardial injections, providing a major benefit over other cell sources in terms of immune rejection. However, intramyocardial injection of the cardiomyocytes has substantial challenges related to cell survival and electrophysiological coupling with recipient tissue. Current methods of manipulating cell suspensions do not allow one to control the processes of adhesion of injected cells to the tissue and electrophysiological coupling with surrounding cells. In this article, we documented the possibility of influencing these processes using polymer kernels: biocompatible fiber fragments of subcellular size that can be adsorbed to a cell, thereby creating the minimum necessary adhesion foci to shape the cell and provide support for the organization of the cytoskeleton and the contractile apparatus prior to adhesion to the recipient tissue. Using optical excitation markers, the restoration of the excitability of cardiomyocytes in suspension upon adsorption of polymer kernels was shown. It increased the likelihood of the formation of a stable electrophysiological coupling in vitro. The obtained results may be considered as a proof of concept that the stochastic engraftment process of injected suspension cells can be controlled by smart biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Slotvitsky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Berezhnoy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Serafima Scherbina
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Beatrisa Rimskaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Valerya Tsvelaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Balashov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anton E. Efimov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Schukinskaya St., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Agapov
- Academician V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Schukinskaya St., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Lane 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Schepkina St. 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia
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Li G, LeFebre R, Starman A, Chappell P, Mugler A, Sun B. Temporal signals drive the emergence of multicellular information networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2202204119. [PMID: 36067282 PMCID: PMC9477235 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202204119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated responses to environmental stimuli are critical for multicellular organisms. To overcome the obstacles of cell-to-cell heterogeneity and noisy signaling dynamics within individual cells, cells must effectively exchange information with peers. However, the dynamics and mechanisms of collective information transfer driven by external signals are poorly understood. Here we investigate the calcium dynamics of neuronal cells that form confluent monolayers and respond to cyclic ATP stimuli in microfluidic devices. Using Granger inference to reconstruct the underlying causal relations between the cells, we find that the cells self-organize into spatially decentralized and temporally stationary networks to support information transfer via gap junction channels. The connectivity of the causal networks depends on the temporal profile of the external stimuli, where short periods, or long periods with small duty fractions, lead to reduced connectivity and fractured network topology. We build a theoretical model based on communicating excitable units that reproduces our observations. The model further predicts that connectivity of the causal network is maximal at an optimal communication strength, which is confirmed by the experiments. Together, our results show that information transfer between neuronal cells is externally regulated by the temporal profile of the stimuli and internally regulated by cell-cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Li
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Ryan LeFebre
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Alia Starman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Patrick Chappell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Andrew Mugler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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7
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Junge S, Schmieder F, Sasse P, Czarske J, Torres-Mapa ML, Heisterkamp A. Holographic optogenetic stimulation with calcium imaging as an all optical tool for cardiac electrophysiology. J Biophotonics 2022; 15:e202100352. [PMID: 35397155 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
All optical approaches to control and read out the electrical activity in a cardiac syncytium can improve our understanding of cardiac electrophysiology. Here, we demonstrate optogenetic stimulation of cardiomyocytes with high spatial precision using light foci generated with a ferroelectric spatial light modulator. Computer generated holograms binarized by bidirectional error diffusion create multiple foci with more even intensity distribution compared with thresholding approach. We evoke the electrical activity of cardiac HL1 cells expressing the channelrhodopsin-2 variant, ChR2(H134R) using single and multiple light foci and at the same time visualize the action potential using a calcium sensitive indicator called Cal-630. We show that localized regions in the cardiac monolayer can be stimulated enabling us to initiate signal propagation from a precise location. Furthermore, we demonstrate that probing the cardiac cells with multiple light foci enhances the excitability of the cardiac network. This approach opens new applications in manipulating and visualizing the electrical activity in a cardiac syncytium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Junge
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Schmieder
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique and Competence Center Biomedical Computational Laser Systems (BIOLAS), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Czarske
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique and Competence Center Biomedical Computational Laser Systems (BIOLAS), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, School of Science and Excellence Cluster Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Leilani Torres-Mapa
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
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Kabanov D, Klimovic S, Rotrekl V, Pesl M, Pribyl J. Atomic Force Spectroscopy is a promising tool to study contractile properties of cardiac cells. Micron 2021; 155:103199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2021.103199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ji J, Ren X, Zorlutuna P. Cardiac Cell Patterning on Customized Microelectrode Arrays for Electrophysiological Recordings. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:mi12111351. [PMID: 34832763 PMCID: PMC8619285 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) and fibroblast cells are two essential elements for cardiac tissue structure and function. The interactions between them can alter cardiac electrophysiology and thus contribute to cardiac diseases, such as arrhythmogenesis. One possible explanation is that fibroblasts can directly affect cardiac electrophysiology through electrical coupling with CMs. Therefore, detecting the electrical activities in the CM-fibroblast network is vital for understanding the coupling dynamics among them. Current commercialized platforms for studying cardiac electrophysiology utilize planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) to record the extracellular field potential (FP) in real-time, but the prearranged electrode configuration highly limits the measurement capabilities at specific locations. Here, we report a custom-designed MEA device with a novel micropatterning method to construct a controlled network of neonatal rat CMs (rCMs) and fibroblast connections for monitoring the electrical activity of rCM-fibroblast co-cultures in a spatially controlled fashion. For the micropatterning of the co-culture, surface topographical features and mobile blockers were used to control the initial attachment locations of a mixture of rCMs and fibroblasts, to form separate beating rCM-fibroblast clusters while leaving empty space for fibroblast growth to connect these clusters. Once the blockers are removed, the proliferating fibroblasts connect and couple the separate beating clusters. Using this method, electrical activity of both rCMs and human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iCMs) was examined. The coupling dynamics were studied through the extracellular FP and impedance profile recorded from the MEA device, indicating that the fibroblast bridge provided an RC-type coupling of physically separate rCM-containing clusters and enabled synchronization of these clusters.
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Johannsmeier S, Wenzel J, Torres-Mapa ML, Junge S, Sasse P, Stockhausen JD, Ripken T, Heinemann D, Heisterkamp A. Light-cell interactions in depth-resolved optogenetics. Biomed Opt Express 2020; 11:6536-6550. [PMID: 33282507 PMCID: PMC7687973 DOI: 10.1364/boe.404388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Light as a tool in medical therapy and biological research has been studied extensively and its application is subject to continuous improvement. However, safe and efficient application of light-based methods in photomedicine or optogenetics requires knowledge about the optical properties of the target tissue as well as the response characteristics of the stimulated cells. Here, we used tissue phantoms and a heart-like light-sensitive cell line to investigate optogenetic stimulation through tissue layers. The input power necessary for successful stimulation could be described as a function of phantom thickness. A model of light transmission through the tissue phantoms gives insights into the expected stimulation efficiency. Cell-type specific effects are identified that result in deviations of the stimulation threshold from the modelled predictions. This study provides insights into the complex interplay between light, tissue and cells during deep-tissue optogenetics. It can serve as an orientation for safe implementation of light-based methods in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Johannsmeier
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Wenzel
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria L. Torres-Mapa
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Junge
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joshua D. Stockhausen
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tammo Ripken
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dag Heinemann
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Phytophotonics, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems and Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies (HOT), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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11
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Del-Canto I, Gómez-Cid L, Hernández-Romero I, Guillem MS, Fernández-Santos ME, Atienza F, Such L, Fernández-Avilés F, Chorro FJ, Climent AM. Ranolazine-Mediated Attenuation of Mechanoelectric Feedback in Atrial Myocyte Monolayers. Front Physiol 2020; 11:922. [PMID: 32848863 PMCID: PMC7417656 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mechanical stretch increases Na+ inflow into myocytes, related to mechanisms including stretch-activated channels or Na+/H+ exchanger activation, involving Ca2+ increase that leads to changes in electrophysiological properties favoring arrhythmia induction. Ranolazine is an antianginal drug with confirmed beneficial effects against cardiac arrhythmias associated with the augmentation of INaL current and Ca2+ overload. Objective This study investigates the effects of mechanical stretch on activation patterns in atrial cell monolayers and its pharmacological response to ranolazine. Methods Confluent HL-1 cells were cultured in silicone membrane plates and were stretched to 110% of original length. The characteristics of in vitro fibrillation (dominant frequency, regularity index, density of phase singularities, rotor meandering, and rotor curvature) were analyzed using optical mapping in order to study the mechanoelectric response to stretch under control conditions and ranolazine action. Results HL-1 cell stretch increased fibrillatory dominant frequency (3.65 ± 0.69 vs. 4.35 ± 0.74 Hz, p < 0.01) and activation complexity (1.97 ± 0.45 vs. 2.66 ± 0.58 PS/cm2, p < 0.01) under control conditions. These effects were related to stretch-induced changes affecting the reentrant patterns, comprising a decrease in rotor meandering (0.72 ± 0.12 vs. 0.62 ± 0.12 cm/s, p < 0.001) and an increase in wavefront curvature (4.90 ± 0.42 vs. 5.68 ± 0.40 rad/cm, p < 0.001). Ranolazine reduced stretch-induced effects, attenuating the activation rate increment (12.8% vs. 19.7%, p < 0.01) and maintaining activation complexity—both parameters being lower during stretch than under control conditions. Moreover, under baseline conditions, ranolazine slowed and regularized the activation patterns (3.04 ± 0.61 vs. 3.65 ± 0.69 Hz, p < 0.01). Conclusion Ranolazine attenuates the modifications of activation patterns induced by mechanical stretch in atrial myocyte monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Del-Canto
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lidia Gómez-Cid
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María S Guillem
- ITACA Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Fernández-Santos
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Atienza
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Such
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Universitat de València Estudi General, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Fernández-Avilés
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Chorro
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreu M Climent
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,ITACA Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Arai S, Lloyd K, Takahashi T, Mammoto K, Miyazawa T, Tamura K, Kaneko T, Ishida K, Moriyama Y, Mitsui T. Dynamic Properties of Heart Fragments from Different Regions and Their Synchronization. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E81. [PMID: 32751255 PMCID: PMC7552607 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic properties of the heart differ based on the regions that effectively circulate blood throughout the body with each heartbeat. These properties, including the inter-beat interval (IBI) of autonomous beat activity, are retained even in in vitro tissue fragments. However, details of beat dynamics have not been well analyzed, particularly at the sub-mm scale, although such dynamics of size are important for regenerative medicine and computational studies of the heart. We analyzed the beat dynamics in sub-mm tissue fragments from atria and ventricles of hearts obtained from chick embryos over a period of 40 h. The IBI and contraction speed differed by region and atrial fragments retained their values for a longer time. The major finding of this study is synchronization of these fragment pairs physically attached to each other. The probability of achieving this and the time required differ for regional pairs: atrium-atrium, ventricle-ventricle, or atrium-ventricle. Furthermore, the time required to achieve 1:1 synchronization does not depend on the proximity of initial IBI of paired fragments. Various interesting phenomena, such as 1:n synchronization and a reentrant-like beat sequence, are revealed during synchronization. Finally, our observation of fragment dynamics indicates that mechanical motion itself contributes to the synchronization of atria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Arai
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kento Lloyd
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tomonori Takahashi
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kazuki Mammoto
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Takashi Miyazawa
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kei Tamura
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tomoyuki Kaneko
- Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan;
| | - Kentaro Ishida
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuuta Moriyama
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Toshiyuki Mitsui
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan; (S.A.); (K.L.); (T.T.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (Y.M.)
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Slavík J, Skopalík J, Provazník I, Hubálek J. Multi-Electrode Array with a Planar Surface for Cell Patterning by Microprinting. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E5379. [PMID: 31817539 DOI: 10.3390/s19245379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multielectrode arrays (MEAs) are devices for non-invasive electrophysiological measurements of cell populations. This paper describes a novel fabrication method of MEAs with a fully planar surface. The surface of the insulation layer and the surface of the electrodes were on one plane; we named this device the planar MEA (pMEA). The main advantage of the pMEA is that it allows uniform contact between the pMEA surface and a substrate for positioning of microfluidic channels or microprinting of a cell adhesive layer. The fabrication of the pMEA is based on a low adhesive Au sacrificial peel-off layer. In divergence from conventional MEAs with recessed electrodes, the electrodes of the pMEA lead across the sloped edge of the insulation layer. To make this, the profile of the edge of the insulation layer was measured and the impedance of the planar electrodes was characterized. The impedance of the pMEA was comparable with the impedance of conventional MEA electrodes. The pMEA was tested for patterning HL-1 cells with a combination of imprinting fibronectin and coating by antifouling poly (l-lysine)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG). The HL-1 cells remained patterned even at full confluency and presented spontaneous and synchronous beating activity.
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