1
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Mauker P, Beckmann D, Kitowski A, Heise C, Wientjens C, Davidson AJ, Wanderoy S, Fabre G, Harbauer AB, Wood W, Wilhelm C, Thorn-Seshold J, Misgeld T, Kerschensteiner M, Thorn-Seshold O. Fluorogenic Chemical Probes for Wash-free Imaging of Cell Membrane Damage in Ferroptosis, Necrosis, and Axon Injury. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38592946 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Selectively labeling cells with damaged membranes is needed not only for identifying dead cells in culture, but also for imaging membrane barrier dysfunction in pathologies in vivo. Most membrane permeability stains are permanently colored or fluorescent dyes that need washing to remove their non-uptaken extracellular background and reach good image contrast. Others are DNA-binding environment-dependent fluorophores, which lack design modularity, have potential toxicity, and can only detect permeabilization of cell volumes containing a nucleus (i.e., cannot delineate damaged volumes in vivo nor image non-nucleated cell types or compartments). Here, we develop modular fluorogenic probes that reveal the whole cytosolic volume of damaged cells, with near-zero background fluorescence so that no washing is needed. We identify a specific disulfonated fluorogenic probe type that only enters cells with damaged membranes, then is enzymatically activated and marks them. The esterase probe MDG1 is a reliable tool to reveal live cells that have been permeabilized by biological, biochemical, or physical membrane damage, and it can be used in multicolor microscopy. We confirm the modularity of this approach by also adapting it for improved hydrolytic stability, as the redox probe MDG2. We conclude by showing the unique performance of MDG probes in revealing axonal membrane damage (which DNA fluorogens cannot achieve) and in discriminating damage on a cell-by-cell basis in embryos in vivo. The MDG design thus provides powerful modular tools for wash-free in vivo imaging of membrane damage, and indicates how designs may be adapted for selective delivery of drug cargoes to these damaged cells: offering an outlook from selective diagnosis toward therapy of membrane-compromised cells in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mauker
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Beckmann
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Grosshaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Annabel Kitowski
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Heise
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Chantal Wientjens
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrew J Davidson
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, U.K
| | - Simone Wanderoy
- University Hospital, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gabin Fabre
- Pharmacology & Transplantation, UMR 1248 INSERM, University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Angelika B Harbauer
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Straße 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Will Wood
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, U.K
| | - Christoph Wilhelm
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Thorn-Seshold
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Straße 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Kerschensteiner
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Grosshaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Thorn-Seshold
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
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2
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Coïs J, Bachollet SPJT, Sanchez L, Pietrancosta N, Vialou V, Mallet JM, Dumat B. Design of Bright Chemogenetic Reporters Based on the Combined Engineering of Fluorogenic Molecular Rotors and of the HaloTag Protein. Chemistry 2024:e202400641. [PMID: 38573546 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The combination of fluorogenic probes (fluorogens) and self-labeling protein tags represent a promising tool for imaging biological processes with high specificity but it requires the adequation between the fluorogen and its target to ensure a good activation of its fluorescence. In this work, we report a strategy to develop molecular rotors that specifically target HaloTag with a strong enhancement of their fluorescence. The divergent design facilitates the diversification of the structures to tune the photophysical and cellular properties. Four bright fluorogens with emissions ranging from green to red were identified and applied in wash-free live cell imaging experiments with good contrast and selectivity. A HaloTag mutant adapted from previous literature reports was also tested and shown to further improve the brightness and reaction rate of the most promising fluorogen of the series both in vitro and in cells. This work opens new possibilities to develop bright chemogenetic reporters with diverse photophysical and biological properties by exploring a potentially large chemical space of simple dipolar fluorophores in combination with protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Coïs
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvestre P J T Bachollet
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Louis Sanchez
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Pietrancosta
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Vialou
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Maurice Mallet
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Blaise Dumat
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
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3
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Lee J, Gonzalez-Hernandez AJ, Kristt M, Abreu N, Roßmann K, Arefin A, Marx DC, Broichhagen J, Levitz J. Distinct beta-arrestin coupling and intracellular trafficking of metabotropic glutamate receptor homo- and heterodimers. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi8076. [PMID: 38055809 PMCID: PMC10699790 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are family C, dimeric G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which play critical roles in synaptic transmission. Despite an increasing appreciation of the molecular diversity of this family, how distinct mGluR subtypes are regulated remains poorly understood. We reveal that different group II/III mGluR subtypes show markedly different beta-arrestin (β-arr) coupling and endocytic trafficking. While mGluR2 is resistant to internalization and mGluR3 shows transient β-arr coupling, which enables endocytosis and recycling, mGluR8 and β-arr form stable complexes, which leads to efficient lysosomal targeting and degradation. Using chimeras and mutagenesis, we pinpoint carboxyl-terminal domain regions that control β-arr coupling and trafficking, including the identification of an mGluR8 splice variant with impaired internalization. We then use a battery of high-resolution fluorescence assays to find that heterodimerization further expands the diversity of mGluR regulation. Together, this work provides insight into the relationship between GPCR/β-arr complex formation and trafficking while revealing diversity and intricacy in the regulation of mGluRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Melanie Kristt
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nohely Abreu
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kilian Roßmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anisul Arefin
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dagan C. Marx
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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4
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Lightley J, Kumar S, Lim MQ, Garcia E, Görlitz F, Alexandrov Y, Parrado T, Hollick C, Steele E, Roßmann K, Graham J, Broichhagen J, McNeish IA, Roufosse CA, Neil MAA, Dunsby C, French PMW. openFrame: A modular, sustainable, open microscopy platform with single-shot, dual-axis optical autofocus module providing high precision and long range of operation. J Microsc 2023; 292:64-77. [PMID: 37616077 PMCID: PMC10953376 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
'openFrame' is a modular, low-cost, open-hardware microscopy platform that can be configured or adapted to most light microscopy techniques and is easily upgradeable or expandable to multiple modalities. The ability to freely mix and interchange both open-source and proprietary hardware components or software enables low-cost, yet research-grade instruments to be assembled and maintained. It also enables rapid prototyping of advanced or novel microscope systems. For long-term time-lapse image data acquisition, slide-scanning or high content analysis, we have developed a novel optical autofocus incorporating orthogonal cylindrical optics to provide robust single-shot closed-loop focus lock, which we have demonstrated to accommodate defocus up to ±37 μm with <200 nm accuracy, and a two-step autofocus mode which we have shown can operate with defocus up to ±68 μm. We have used this to implement automated single molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) in a relatively low-cost openFrame-based instrument using multimode diode lasers for excitation and cooled CMOS cameras.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Lightley
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - S. Kumar
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - M. Q. Lim
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - E. Garcia
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - F. Görlitz
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Y. Alexandrov
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | | | | | - E. Steele
- Cairn Research LtdFavershamKentEngland
| | - K. Roßmann
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare PharmakologieBerlinGermany
| | - J. Graham
- Cairn Research LtdFavershamKentEngland
| | - J. Broichhagen
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare PharmakologieBerlinGermany
| | - I. A. McNeish
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - C. A. Roufosse
- Department of Inflammation and ImmunologyImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - M. A. A. Neil
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - C. Dunsby
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - P. M. W. French
- Photonics Group, Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
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5
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Ast J, Nasteska D, Fine NHF, Nieves DJ, Koszegi Z, Lanoiselée Y, Cuozzo F, Viloria K, Bacon A, Luu NT, Newsome PN, Calebiro D, Owen DM, Broichhagen J, Hodson DJ. Revealing the tissue-level complexity of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor expression and signaling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:301. [PMID: 36653347 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) involved in glucose homeostasis and food intake. GLP1R agonists (GLP1RA) are widely used in the treatment of diabetes and obesity, yet visualizing the endogenous localization, organization and dynamics of a GPCR has so far remained out of reach. In the present study, we generate mice harboring an enzyme self-label genome-edited into the endogenous Glp1r locus. We also rationally design and test various fluorescent dyes, spanning cyan to far-red wavelengths, for labeling performance in tissue. By combining these technologies, we show that endogenous GLP1R can be specifically and sensitively detected in primary tissue using multiple colors. Longitudinal analysis of GLP1R dynamics reveals heterogeneous recruitment of neighboring cell subpopulations into signaling and trafficking, with differences observed between GLP1RA classes and dual agonists. At the nanoscopic level, GLP1Rs are found to possess higher organization, undergoing GLP1RA-dependent membrane diffusion. Together, these results show the utility of enzyme self-labels for visualization and interrogation of endogenous proteins, and provide insight into the biology of a class B GPCR in primary cells and tissue.
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6
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Jatzlau J, Burdzinski W, Trumpp M, Obendorf L, Roßmann K, Ravn K, Hyvönen M, Bottanelli F, Broichhagen J, Knaus P. A versatile Halo- and SNAP-tagged BMP/TGFβ receptor library for quantification of cell surface ligand binding. Commun Biol 2023; 6:34. [PMID: 36635368 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
TGFβs, BMPs and Activins regulate numerous developmental and homeostatic processes and signal through hetero-tetrameric receptor complexes composed of two types of serine/threonine kinase receptors. Each of the 33 different ligands possesses unique affinities towards specific receptor types. However, the lack of specific tools hampered simultaneous testing of ligand binding towards all BMP/TGFβ receptors. Here we present a N-terminally Halo- and SNAP-tagged TGFβ/BMP receptor library to visualize receptor complexes in dual color. In combination with fluorescently labeled ligands, we established a Ligand Surface Binding Assay (LSBA) for optical quantification of receptor-dependent ligand binding in a cellular context. We highlight that LSBA is generally applicable to test (i) binding of different ligands such as Activin A, TGFβ1 and BMP9, (ii) for mutant screens and (iii) evolutionary comparisons. This experimental set-up opens opportunities for visualizing ligand-receptor binding dynamics, essential to determine signaling specificity and is easily adaptable for other receptor signaling pathways.
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7
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Schirripa Spagnolo C, Luin S. Setting up multicolour TIRF microscopy down to the single molecule level. Biomol Concepts 2023; 14:bmc-2022-0032. [PMID: 37428621 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating biological mechanisms in ever greater detail requires continuous advances in microscopy techniques and setups. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is a well-established technique for visualizing processes on the cell membrane. TIRF allows studies down to the single molecule level, mainly in single-colour applications. Instead, multicolour setups are still limited. Here, we describe our strategies for implementing a multi-channel TIRF microscopy system capable of simultaneous two-channel excitation and detection, starting from a single-colour commercial setup. First, we report some applications at high molecule density and then focus on the challenges we faced for achieving the single molecule level simultaneously in different channels, showing that rigorous optimizations on the setup are needed to increase its sensitivity up to this point, from camera setting to background minimization. We also discuss our strategies regarding crucial points of fluorescent labelling for this type of experiment: labelling strategy, kind of probe, efficiency, and orthogonality of the reaction, all of which are aspects that can influence the achievable results. This work may provide useful guidelines for setting up advanced single-molecule multi-channel TIRF experiments to obtain insights into interaction mechanisms on the cell membrane of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Luin
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127, Pisa, Italy
- NEST Laboratory, Istituto Nanoscienze-Consiglio Nazionale delle ricerche (CNR), Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Trumpp M, Oliveras A, Gonschior H, Ast J, Hodson DJ, Knaus P, Lehmann M, Birol M, Broichhagen J. Enzyme self-label-bound ATTO700 in single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13724-13727. [PMID: 36427021 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04823j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we evaluate near-infrared ATTO700 as an acceptor in SNAP- and Halo-tag protein labelling for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) by ensemble and single molecule measurements. Microscopy of cell surface proteins in live cells is perfomed including super-resolution stimulated emission by depletion (STED) nanoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trumpp
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany. .,Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Oliveras
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hannes Gonschior
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Julia Ast
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Petra Knaus
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Melissa Birol
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Ast J, Novak AN, Podewin T, Fine NHF, Jones B, Tomas A, Birke R, Roßmann K, Mathes B, Eichhorst J, Lehmann M, Linnemann AK, Hodson DJ, Broichhagen J. Expanded LUXendin Color Palette for GLP1R Detection and Visualization In Vitro and In Vivo. JACS Au 2022; 2:1007-1017. [PMID: 35557759 PMCID: PMC9088800 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is expressed in peripheral tissues and the brain, where it exerts pleiotropic actions on metabolic and inflammatory processes. Detection and visualization of GLP1R remains challenging, partly due to a lack of validated reagents. Previously, we generated LUXendins, antagonistic red and far-red fluorescent probes for specific labeling of GLP1R in live and fixed cells/tissues. We now extend this concept to the green and near-infrared color ranges by synthesizing and testing LUXendin492, LUXendin551, LUXendin615, and LUXendin762. All four probes brightly and specifically label GLP1R in cells and pancreatic islets. Further, LUXendin551 acts as a chemical beta cell reporter in preclinical rodent models, while LUXendin762 allows noninvasive imaging, highlighting differentially accessible GLP1R populations. We thus expand the color palette of LUXendins to seven different spectra, opening up a range of experiments using wide-field microscopy available in most labs through super-resolution imaging and whole animal imaging. With this, we expect that LUXendins will continue to generate novel and specific insights into GLP1R biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ast
- Institute
of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane
Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University
of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Centre
for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Alissa N. Novak
- Department
of Pediatrics, and Indiana Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Tom Podewin
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Nicholas H. F. Fine
- Institute
of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane
Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University
of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Centre
for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Ben Jones
- Section
of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes,
Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College
London, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Section of
Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology
and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Ramona Birke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Kilian Roßmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Bettina Mathes
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jenny Eichhorst
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Amelia K. Linnemann
- Department
of Pediatrics, and Indiana Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - David J. Hodson
- Institute
of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), and Centre of Membrane
Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University
of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Centre
for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Oxford
Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford
Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department
of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, U.K.
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
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10
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Heynck L, Matthias J, Bossi ML, Butkevich AN, Hell SW. N-Cyanorhodamines: cell-permeant, photostable and bathochromically shifted analogues of fluoresceins. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8297-8306. [PMID: 35919709 PMCID: PMC9297387 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02448a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescein and its analogues have found only limited use in biological imaging because of the poor photostability and cell membrane impermeability of their O-unprotected forms. Herein, we report rationally designed N-cyanorhodamines as orange- to red-emitting, photostable and cell-permeant fluorescent labels negatively charged at physiological pH values and thus devoid of off-targeting artifacts often observed for cationic fluorophores. In combination with well-established fluorescent labels, self-labelling protein (HaloTag, SNAP-tag) ligands derived from N-cyanorhodamines permit up to four-colour confocal and super-resolution STED imaging in living cells. N-Cyanorhodamines – photostable, cell-permeant analogues of fluoresceins – provide fast labelling kinetics with the HaloTag protein and background-free images in multicolour super-resolution microscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Heynck
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Matthias
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariano L. Bossi
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexey N. Butkevich
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan W. Hell
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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