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Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Antinociceptive Non-Opioid Active Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design. Molecules 2024; 29:815. [PMID: 38398566 PMCID: PMC10892999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is associated with many health problems and a reduced quality of life and has been a common reason for seeking medical attention. Several therapeutics are available on the market, although side effects, physical dependence, and abuse limit their use. As the process of pain transmission and modulation is regulated by different peripheral and central mechanisms and neurotransmitters, medicinal chemistry continues to study novel ligands and innovative approaches. Among them, natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery due to their chemical structural variety and different analgesic mechanisms. Numerous studies suggested that some chemicals from medicinal plants could be alternative options for pain relief and management. Previously, we conducted a literature search aimed at identifying natural products interacting either directly or indirectly with opioid receptors. In this review, instead, we have made an excursus including active ingredients derived from plants whose mechanism of action appears from the literature to be other than the modulation of the opioid system. These substances could, either by themselves or through synthetic and/or semi-synthetic derivatives, be investigated in order to improve their pharmacokinetic characteristics and could represent a valid alternative to the opioid approach to pain therapy. They could also be the basis for the study of new mechanisms of action in the approach to this complex and disabling pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Piana
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Salvatore Spoto
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuliana Costanzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorena Reina
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
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2
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Yang P, Wang RX, Huang XL, Cheng YZ, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclobutane Derivatives via Cascade Asymmetric Allylic Etherification/[2 + 2] Photocycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21752-21759. [PMID: 37768553 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Chiral cyclobutane presents as a popular motif in natural products and biologically active molecules, and its derivatives have been extensively used as key synthons in organic synthesis. Herein, we report an efficient synthetic method toward enantioenriched cyclobutane derivatives. The reaction proceeds in a cascade fashion involving Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic etherification and visible-light induced [2 + 2] cycloaddition. Readily available branched allyl acetates and cinnamyl alcohols are directly used as the substrates under mild reaction conditions, providing a broad range of chiral cyclobutanes in good yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 12:1 dr, >99% ee). It is worth noting that all substrates and catalysts were simultaneously added without any separated step in this approach. The gram-scale reaction and diverse transformations of product further enhance the potential utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusu Yang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui-Xiang Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu-Lun Huang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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Yang P, Jia Q, Song S, Huang X. [2 + 2]-Cycloaddition-derived cyclobutane natural products: structural diversity, sources, bioactivities, and biomimetic syntheses. Nat Prod Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2np00034b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the structural diversity, bioactivities, and biomimetic synthesis of [2 + 2]-type cyclobutane natural products, along with discussion of their biosynthesis, stereochemical analysis, racemic occurrence, and biomimetic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Shaojiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
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Men L, Liu Y, Qiu Y, Yuan X. An effective UPLC method for the quantification and fingerprint analysis of amides in a South China native medicinal herb, abri herba. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Urriolabeitia EP, Sánchez P, Pop A, Silvestru C, Laga E, Jiménez AI, Cativiela C. Synthesis of esters of diaminotruxillic bis-amino acids by Pd-mediated photocycloaddition of analogs of the Kaede protein chromophore. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1111-1123. [PMID: 32550926 PMCID: PMC7277947 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of truxillic bis-amino esters from polyfunctional oxazolones is reported. The reaction of 4-((Z)-arylidene)-2-(E)-styryl-5(4H)-oxazolones 2 with Pd(OAc)2 resulted in ortho-palladation and the formation of a dinuclear open-book complexes 3 with carboxylate bridges, where the Pd atom is C^N bonded to the oxazolone. In 3 the two exocyclic C=C bonds of the oxazolone are in a face-to-face arrangement, which is optimal for their [2 + 2] photocycloaddition. Irradiation of dimers 3 in CH2Cl2 solution with blue light (465 nm) promoted the chemo- and stereoselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of the exocyclic C=C bonds and the formation of cyclobutane-containing ortho-palladated complexes 4. Treatment of 4 with CO in a MeOH/NCMe mixture promoted the methoxycarbonylation of the palladated carbon and the release of the corresponding ortho-functionalized 1,3-diaminotruxillic bis-amino esters 5 as single isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban P Urriolabeitia
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Sánchez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alexandra Pop
- Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre, Departament of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Str. Arany Janos 11, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Silvestru
- Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre, Departament of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Str. Arany Janos 11, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eduardo Laga
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana I Jiménez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Liu‐Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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Pirenne V, Traboulsi I, Rouvière L, Lusseau J, Massip S, Bassani DM, Robert F, Landais Y. p-Anisaldehyde-Photosensitized Sulfonylcyanation of Chiral Cyclobutenes: Enantioselective Access to Cyclic and Acyclic Systems Bearing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. Org Lett 2019; 22:575-579. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pirenne
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Iman Traboulsi
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Lisa Rouvière
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Jonathan Lusseau
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Stéphane Massip
- European Institute of Chemistry and Biology (IECB), University of Bordeaux, 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Dario M. Bassani
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Frédéric Robert
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Yannick Landais
- CNRS, Bordeaux
INP, ISM, UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
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Palani V, Hugelshofer CL, Sarpong R. A Unified Strategy for the Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of Delavatine A and Formal Synthesis of Incarviatone A. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14421-14432. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Palani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Cedric L. Hugelshofer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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9
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Zhu M, Zheng C, Zhang X, You SL. Synthesis of Cyclobutane-Fused Angular Tetracyclic Spiroindolines via Visible-Light-Promoted Intramolecular Dearomatization of Indole Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2636-2644. [PMID: 30653315 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An intramolecular dearomatization of indole derivatives based on visible-light-promoted [2+2] cycloaddition was achieved via energy transfer mechanism. The highly strained cyclobutane-fused angular tetracyclic spiroindolines, which were typically unattainable under thermal conditions, could be directly accessed in high yields (up to 99%) with excellent diastereoselectivity (>20:1 dr) under mild conditions. The method was also compatible with diverse functional groups and amenable to flexible transformations. In addition, DFT calculations provided guidance on the rational design of substrates and deep understanding of the reaction pathways. This process constituted a rare example of indole functionalization by exploiting visible-light-induced reactivity at the excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
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10
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Palani V, Hugelshofer CL, Kevlishvili I, Liu P, Sarpong R. A Short Synthesis of Delavatine A Unveils New Insights into Site-Selective Cross-Coupling of 3,5-Dibromo-2-pyrone. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2652-2660. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Palani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Cedric L. Hugelshofer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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11
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Priebe A, Hunke M, Tonello R, Sonawane Y, Berta T, Natarajan A, Bhuvanesh N, Pattabiraman M, Chandra S. Ferulic acid dimer as a non-opioid therapeutic for acute pain. J Pain Res 2018; 11:1075-1085. [PMID: 29922083 PMCID: PMC5997134 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s161161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Search for alternate pain medications has gained more importance in the past few years due to adverse effects associated with currently prescribed drugs including nervous system dysfunction with opioids, gastrointestinal discomfort with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and cardiovascular anomalies with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Phytomedicine has been explored for the treatment of pain, as these have been used for generations in regional communities and tend to lack major side effects in general. One such phytomedicine, incarvillateine (INCA), derived from the Chinese herb Incarvillea sinensis has its primary antinociceptive action through the adenosine receptor, a novel pain target. We hypothesized that derivatives of cinnamic acid dimers, which are structurally similar to INCA, would show potent antinociceptive action and that their effect would be mediated through adenosine receptor action. Materials and methods Dimers of cinnamic acid (INCA analogs) were synthesized using cavitand-mediated photodimerization (CMP) method, which utilizes a macromolecule (γ-cyclodextrin) to control excited state reactivity of photoactive compounds. Acute pain response was assessed by using formalin-induced licking behavior in hind paw of mice, and neurologic function was monitored through locomotor activity, mechanical hyperalgesia, and thermal sensitivity upon administration of test compound. For mechanistic studies, binding to adenosine receptor was determined by using computer modeling. Results Ferulic acid dimer (FAD), which has the same chemical functionalities on the aromatic ring as INCA, showed significant suppression of formalin-induced acute pain. Antinociceptive effect was observed primarily in the inflammatory phase, and no apparent behavioral changes related to the nervous system were noticeable. Inhibition of opioid receptor did not reverse antinociceptive response, and modeling data suggest adenosine 3 receptor binding. Conclusion FAD (INCA analog) shows potent nonopioid antinociceptive action mediated predominantly through A3AR - adenosine 3 receptor action. Further characterization and selection of such INCA analogs will help us generate a new class of antinociceptives with precise chemical modifications by using CMP methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaini Priebe
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
| | - Megan Hunke
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
| | - Raquel Tonello
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yogesh Sonawane
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Temugin Berta
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Surabhi Chandra
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
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12
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Yan S, Elmes MW, Tong S, Hu K, Awwa M, Teng GYH, Jing Y, Freitag M, Gan Q, Clement T, Wei L, Sweeney JM, Joseph OM, Che J, Carbonetti GS, Wang L, Bogdan DM, Falcone J, Smietalo N, Zhou Y, Ralph B, Hsu HC, Li H, Rizzo RC, Deutsch DG, Kaczocha M, Ojima I. SAR studies on truxillic acid mono esters as a new class of antinociceptive agents targeting fatty acid binding proteins. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 154:233-252. [PMID: 29803996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) serve as critical modulators of endocannabinoid signaling by facilitating the intracellular transport of anandamide and whose inhibition potentiates anandamide signaling. Our previous work has identified a novel small-molecule FABP inhibitor, α-truxillic acid 1-naphthyl monoester (SB-FI-26, 3) that has shown efficacy as an antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory agent in rodent models. In the present work, we have performed an extensive SAR study on a series of 3-analogs as novel FABP inhibitors based on computer-aided inhibitor drug design and docking analysis, chemical synthesis and biological evaluations. The prediction of binding affinity of these analogs to target FABP3, 5 and 7 isoforms was performed using the AutoDock 4.2 program, using the recently determined co-crystal structures of 3 with FABP5 and FABP7. The compounds with high docking scores were synthesized and evaluated for their activities using a fluorescence displacement assay against FABP3, 5 and 7. During lead optimization, compound 3l emerged as a promising compound with the Ki value of 0.21 μM for FABP 5, 4-fold more potent than 3 (Ki, 0.81 μM). Nine compounds exhibit similar or better binding affinity than 3, including compounds 4b (Ki, 0.55 μM) and 4e (Ki, 0.68 μM). Twelve compounds are selective for FABP5 and 7 with >10 μM Ki values for FABP3, indicating a safe profile to avoid potential cardiotoxicity concerns. Compounds 4f, 4j and 4k showed excellent selectivity for FABP5 and would serve as other new lead compounds. Compound 3a possessed high affinity and high selectivity for FABP7. Compounds with moderate to high affinity for FABP5 displayed antinociceptive effects in mice while compounds with low FABP5 affinity lacked in vivo efficacy. In vivo pain model studies in mice revealed that exceeding hydrophobicity significantly affects the efficacy. Thus, among the compounds with high affinity to FABP5 in vitro, the compounds with moderate hydrophobicity were identified as promising new lead compounds for the next round of optimization, including compounds 4b and 4j. For select cases, computational analysis of the observed SAR, especially the selectivity of new inhibitors to particular FABP isoforms, by comparing docking poses, interaction map, and docking energy scores has provided useful insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Matthew W Elmes
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states
| | - Simon Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Kongzhen Hu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Monaf Awwa
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Gary Y H Teng
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Yunrong Jing
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Matthew Freitag
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Qianwen Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Timothy Clement
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Longfei Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Joseph M Sweeney
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states
| | - Olivia M Joseph
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states
| | - Joyce Che
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states
| | - Gregory S Carbonetti
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states
| | - Liqun Wang
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states
| | - Diane M Bogdan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, United states
| | - Jerome Falcone
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, United states
| | - Norbert Smietalo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, United states
| | - Yuchen Zhou
- Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, United states
| | - Brian Ralph
- Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, United states
| | - Hao-Chi Hsu
- Cryo-EM Structural Biology Laboratory, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, United states
| | - Huilin Li
- Cryo-EM Structural Biology Laboratory, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, United states
| | - Robert C Rizzo
- Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, United states; Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Dale G Deutsch
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states; Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United states; Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, United states; Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states; Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, United states.
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13
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Antonsen S, Østby RB, Stenstrøm Y. Naturally Occurring Cyclobutanes: Their Biological Significance and Synthesis. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64057-4.00001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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14
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Chen D, Zhang L, Yao J, Zhou H. Construction of Polysubstituted 1,2-Dihydrocyclobuta[b]naphthalenes and 1,2-Dihydrocyclobuta[b]anthracenes with Photoluminescence. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6202-6209. [PMID: 28508640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A facile protocol for the synthesis of polysubstituted 1,2-dihydrocyclobuta[b]naphthalenes and 1,2-dihydrocyclobuta[b]anthracenes was developed via a sequence of base-promoted 1,5-H shift, intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition, and aromatization. The synthesized 1,2-dihydrocyclobuta[b]anthracenes exhibited bright blue emissions in solution and strong yellow emissions in solid, which made them possible candidates for optoelectronic conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianpeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Campus Xixi), Hangzhou 310028, People's Republic of China.,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001, People's Rupublic of China
| | - Lianpeng Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001, People's Rupublic of China
| | - Jinzhong Yao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001, People's Rupublic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Campus Xixi), Hangzhou 310028, People's Republic of China.,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001, People's Rupublic of China
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15
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Hu JL, Feng LW, Wang L, Xie Z, Tang Y, Li X. Enantioselective Construction of Cyclobutanes: A New and Concise Approach to the Total Synthesis of (+)-Piperarborenine B. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13151-13154. [PMID: 27604907 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective and enantioselective Cu(II)/SaBOX-catalyzed [2 + 2] cycloaddition of methylidenemalonate and multisubstituted alkenes was developed to furnish optically active cyclobutanes in high yields with >99/1 dr and up to >99% ee. By application of the newly developed method, the total synthesis of (+)-piperarborenine B was completed in eight steps from methylidenemalonate and olefin in 17% overall yield with >99/1 dr and 99% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoge Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Sokolova A, Pavlova A, Komarova N, Ardashov O, Shernyukov A, Gatilov Y, Yarovaya O, Tolstikova T, Salakhutdinov N. Synthesis and analgesic activity of new α-truxillic acid derivatives with monoterpenoid fragments. Med Chem Res 2016; 25:1608-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Huang B, Zhang F, Yu G, Song Y, Wang X, Wang M, Gong Z, Su R, Jia Y. Gram Scale Syntheses of (-)-Incarvillateine and Its Analogs. Discovery of Potent Analgesics for Neuropathic Pain. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3953-63. [PMID: 27022999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
(-)-Incarvillateine (INCA) is the major antinociceptive component of Incarvillea sinensis, which has been used to treat rheumatism and relieve pain in traditional Chinese medicine. We have developed a concise and general synthetic approach for INCA, which enabled gram-scale asymmetric syntheses of (-)-INCA, (-)-incarvilline, (-)-isoincarvilline, and six other INCA analogues. The synthesis of isoincarvilline was reported for the first time. Three structurally simplified analogues of INCA were also synthesized. In vivo screening found that INCA and two structurally optimized analogues were efficacious in preventing the acetic acid-induced writhing response. Moreover, their analgesic efficacy was demonstrated in formalin induced pain model. More importantly, administration of 20 or 40 mg/kg INCA and two structurally optimized analogues showed strong analgesic effects in spared nerve injury (SNI) model, and their effective doses were lower than the current gold standard, gabapentin (100 mg/kg in this model).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meiliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zehui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruibin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yanxing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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18
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Panish RA, Chintala SR, Fox JM. A Mixed-Ligand Chiral Rhodium(II) Catalyst Enables the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Piperarborenine B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4983-7. [PMID: 26991451 PMCID: PMC4900183 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel, mixed-ligand chiral rhodium(II) catalyst, Rh2(S-NTTL)3(dCPA), has enabled the first enantioselective total synthesis of the natural product piperarborenine B. A crystal structure of Rh2(S-NTTL)3(dCPA) reveals a "chiral crown" conformation with a bulky dicyclohexylphenyl acetate ligand and three N-naphthalimido groups oriented on the same face of the catalyst. The natural product was prepared on large scale using rhodium-catalyzed bicyclobutanation/ copper-catalyzed homoconjugate addition chemistry in the key step. The route proceeds in ten steps with an 8% overall yield and 92% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Panish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Srinivasa R Chintala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Joseph M Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Panish RA, Chintala SR, Fox JM. A Mixed‐Ligand Chiral Rhodium(II) Catalyst Enables the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Piperarborenine B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Panish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
| | | | - Joseph M. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
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20
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Zhang Z, Yang F, Fu JJ, Shen YH, He W, Zhang WD. Delavatine A, a structurally unusual cyclopenta[de]isoquinoline alkaloid from Incarvillea delavayi. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11915h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delavatine A, a cytotoxic alkaloid with a unique cyclopenta[de]isoquinoline core, was isolated from I. delavayi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyin Zhang
- Department of Phytochemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Jian-Jun Fu
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- Department of Phytochemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
| | - Weiwei He
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Phytochemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
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21
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Wang ML, Yu G, Yi SP, Zhang FY, Wang ZT, Huang B, Su RB, Jia YX, Gong ZH. Antinociceptive effects of incarvillateine, a monoterpene alkaloid from Incarvillea sinensis, and possible involvement of the adenosine system. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16107. [PMID: 26527075 PMCID: PMC4630779 DOI: 10.1038/srep16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Incarvillea sinensis is a Bignoniaceae plant used to treat rheumatism and relieve pain in traditional Chinese medicine. As a major component of I. sinensis, incarvillateine has shown analgesic activity in mice formalin tests. Using a series of animal models, this study further evaluated the effects of incarvillateine against acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain. Incarvillateine (10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently attenuated acetic acid-induced writhing, but did not affect thermal threshold in the hot plate test. In a Complete Freund’s Adjuvant model, incarvillateine inhibited both thermal hyperalgesia and paw edema, and increased interleukin-1β levels. Additionally, incarvillateine attenuated mechanical allodynia induced by spared nerve injury or paclitaxel, whereas normal mechanical sensation was not affected. Incarvillateine did not affect locomotor activity and time on the rotarod at analgesic doses, and no tolerance was observed after 7 consecutive daily doses. Moreover, incarvillateine-induced antinociception was attenuated by theophylline, 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine, and 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine, but not naloxone, indicating that the effects of incarvillateine on chronic pain were related to the adenosine system, but not opioid system. These results indicate that incarvillateine is a novel analgesic compound that is effective against inflammatory and neuropathic pain, and that its effects are associated with activation of the adenosine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shou-Pu Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Feng-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui-Bin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan-Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ze-Hui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
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22
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Shen T, Li X, Hu W, Zhang L, Xu X, Wu H, Ji L. Hepatoprotective effect of phenylethanoid glycosides from Incarvillea compacta against CCl4-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 58:617-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-015-0076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Zhou M, Zhang HB, Wang WG, Gong NB, Zhan R, Li XN, Du X, Li LM, Li Y, Lu Y, Pu JX, Sun HD. Scopariusic Acid, a New Meroditerpenoid with a Unique Cyclobutane Ring Isolated from Isodon scoparius. Org Lett 2013; 15:4446-9. [PMID: 23944990 DOI: 10.1021/ol401991u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ning-Bo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xue Du
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Li-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Han-Dong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, P. R. China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China, and Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of 7-epi-incarvilline for formal syntheses of (-)-incarvilline, (+)-incarvine C, and (-)-incarvillateine is described. The key features of our synthesis involve (1) stereoselective construction of the optically active bicyclic lactone utilizing Pd(0)-catalyzed allylic alkylation, (2) efficient transformation of the bridged bicyclic lactone to the key bicyclic lactam skeleton, and (3) stereoselective elaborations of two stereocenters via a substrate-controlled catalytic hydrogenation and a 1,4-addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyowon Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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25
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He ZL, Teng HL, Wang CJ. Fulvenes as Effective Dipolarophiles in Copper(I)-Catalyzed [6+3] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides: Asymmetric Construction of Piperidine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2934-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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He ZL, Teng HL, Wang CJ. Fulvenes as Effective Dipolarophiles in Copper(I)-Catalyzed [6+3] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides: Asymmetric Construction of Piperidine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
The recent advent of transition-metal mediated C-H activation is revolutionizing the synthetic field and gradually infusing a "C-H activation mind-set" in both students and practitioners of organic synthesis. As a powerful testament of this emerging synthetic tool, applications of C-H activation in the context of total synthesis of complex natural products are beginning to blossom. Herein, recently completed total syntheses showcasing creative and ingenious incorporation of C-H activation as a strategic manoeuver are compared with their "non-C-H activation" counterparts, illuminating a new paradigm in strategic synthetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y-K Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
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28
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Frébault F, Maulide N. Total synthesis and structural revision of the piperarborenines: when photochemistry meets C-H activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:2815-7. [PMID: 22331562 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201108592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Frébault
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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30
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Shen YH, Ding Y, Lu T, Li XC, Tian JM, Li HL, Shan L, Ferreira D, Khan IA, Zhang WD. Incarviatone A, a structurally unique natural product hybrid with a new carbon skeleton from Incarvillea delavayi, and its absolute configuration via calculated electronic circular dichroic spectra. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20188g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lovell KM, Simpson DS, Cunningham CW, Prisinzano TE. Utilizing nature as a source of new probes for opioid pharmacology. Future Med Chem 2009; 1:285-301. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditional and current opioid pharmacology is fundamentally based on interactions between opioid receptors and compounds isolated from natural sources. Adverse effects associated with opioids have led to the search for compounds with diminished side effects. Discussion: Recent discoveries of non-nitrogenous and structurally diverse alkaloids as novel opioid ligands have led to renewed interest in the development of novel chemotypes for opioid receptors. Conclusion: The strong history of natural products as opioid receptor ligands suggests that nature is one of the most promising for the identification of novel opioids. This review highlights the vast potential of investigating natural products as novel probes of opioid receptors.
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Chen YQ, Shen YH, Su YQ, Kong LY, Zhang WD. Incarviditone: A Novel Cytotoxic Benzofuranone Dimer fromIncarvillea delavayiBureau et Franchet. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:779-83. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sergeiko A, Poroikov VV, Hanuš LO, Dembitsky VM. Cyclobutane-containing alkaloids: origin, synthesis, and biological activities. Open Med Chem J 2008; 2:26-37. [PMID: 19696873 PMCID: PMC2709475 DOI: 10.2174/1874104500802010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Present review describes research on novel natural cyclobutane-containing alkaloids isolated from terrestrial and marine species. More than 60 biological active compounds have been confirmed to have antimicrobial, antibacterial, antitumor, and other activities. The structures, synthesis, origins, and biological activities of a selection of cyclobutane-containing alkaloids are reviewed. With the computer program PASS some additional biological activities are also predicted, which point toward new possible applications of these compounds. This review emphasizes the role of cyclobutane-containing alkaloids as an important source of leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Sergeiko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of the Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of the Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Lumir O Hanuš
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 12065, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 12065, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Abstract
The present review describes research on novel natural cyclobutane-containing alkaloids and synthetic compounds isolated from terrestrial and marine species. More than 210 compounds have been confirmed to show antimicrobial, antibacterial, anticancer, and other activities. Structures, origins, biosynthesis, photodimerization, and biological activities of a selection of cyclobutane-containing alkaloids and selected synthetic analogs of natural alkaloids are reviewed.
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] The reaction of alpha-sulfonyl acetamide 1 with various cyclic unsaturated esters 2 to fused bicyclic glutarimides is reported. Syntheses of (+/-)-alloyohimbane (4) and louisianin D (5) have been accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chi YM, Nakamura M, Zhao XY, Yoshizawa T, Yan WM, Hashimoto F, Kinjo J, Nohara T, Sakurada S. Antinociceptive activities of alpha-truxillic acid and beta-truxinic acid derivatives. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:580-4. [PMID: 16508173 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study demonstrated that the dimeric structure of alpha-truxillic acid derivatives played an important role in the expression of their anti-inflammatory activities. In the present report, to investigate the correlation between the structure and anti-inflammatory activity, alpha-truxillic acid (1) and its derivatives (2-6), beta-truxinic acid (7) and its derivatives (8-10) were prepared, and their activities were evaluated in the formalin test. All compounds showed only weak or no activities against the neurogenic pain response, but demonstrated significant activities against the inflammatory pain response induced by formalin. The highest anti-inflammatory activities were observed for alpha-truxillic acid (1) and its derivative 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-truxillic acid (2). In addition, alpha-truxillic acid (1) and its derivative, alpha-truxillic acid bis(p-nitrophenyl)ester (5), showed higher anti-inflammatory activities than beta-truxinic acid (7) and the corresponding derivative (10). Furthermore, free carboxylic acids (1, 2) showed higher activities than their dimethyl esters (3, 4) and bis(p-nitrophenyl)ester (5). These results confirmed that the alpha-formation of dimeric structure and the free carboxylic acid were also important for the expression of anti-inflammatory activities. Otherwise, 4,4'-dichloro-beta-truxinic acid (8) had higher activity than its parent compound 7; furthermore, 1,3-dibenzoyl-2,4-di(4-chlorophenyl)cyclobutane (6) also showed strong anti-inflammatory activity. These results suggested that substituents in the phenyl groups were also important for the expression of anti-inflammatory activity. In order to gain information about their activity intensity, the anti-inflammatory activities of 2 and 4,4'-dichlorolated derivatives (6, 8) were compared with that of indomethacin (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) in the formalin test. As a result, compounds 2, 6 and 8 showed stronger anti-inflammatory activities than indomethacin. These results suggested that alpha-truxillic acid and beta-truxinic acid derivatives might be developed into a new type of anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Chi
- Seiwa Pharmaceutical Ltd., Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Chi YM, Nakamura M, Zhao XY, Yoshizawa T, Yan WM, Hashimoto F, Kinjo J, Nohara T, Sakurada S. Anti-inflammatory Activity of 4,4'-Dihydroxy-.ALPHA.-truxillic Acid. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:489-93. [PMID: 16508151 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The oral anti-inflammatory activity of 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-truxillic acid (1) was compared with that of two other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, loxoprofen sodium (LOX) and diclofenac sodium (DIC). The activity of 1 against the inflammatory pain response induced by formalin was comparable to that of LOX, but weaker than that of DIC. In the monosodium urate (MSU)-induced acute inflammatory model, 1 showed stronger anti-inflammatory activity than both LOX and DIC. The ED50 value for 1 was 4.5 micromol/kg, while the values for LOX and DIC were 65 and 25 micromol/kg, respectively. Otherwise, the oral single-dose toxicity of 1 was investigated in both sexes of Sprague-Dawley rats administered once at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. 1 showed no death, clinical signs, changes in body weight or pathological findings related to the treatment. In addition, no mutagenicity was observed in the reverse mutation assay. Furthermore, 1 did not show any ulcerogenic activity at doses ranging from 30 to 300 mg/kg in rat. Thus, 1 might be considered to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent with no deleterious adverse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Chi
- Seiwa Pharmaceutical Ltd., Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Abstract
The first total syntheses of new monoterpene alkaloids (-)-incarvilline, (+)-incarvine C, and (-)-incarvillateine, corresponding to the natural enantiomers, have been accomplished. The strategy for the synthesis of these natural products utilized 6-epi-incarvilline as a common precursor, which was assembled by a three-component coupling reaction using (4S)-4-siloxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one to construct an appropriately trisubstituted cyclopentanone, followed by ring closure to the cis-perhydro-2-pyrindine skeleton by means of a reductive Heck-type reaction. Furthermore, topochemically controlled [2 + 2] photodimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives in the solid state for the stereospecific construction of a 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted cyclobutane ring was also investigated as a means to access (-)-incarvillateine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Ichikawa
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Chi YM, Nakamura M, Yoshizawa T, Zhao XY, Yan WM, Hashimoto F, Kinjo J, Nohara T, Sakurada S. Anti-inflammatory Activities of .ALPHA.-Truxillic Acid Derivatives and Their Monomer Components. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:1776-8. [PMID: 16141559 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activities of alpha-truxillic acid (1) and 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-truxillic acid (2) as well as their monomer components (E)-cinnamic acid (3) and (E)-p-coumaric acid (4) were evaluated in the formalin test. alpha-Truxillic acid (1) and its derivative 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-truxillic acid (2) exhibited significant activity against inflammatory pain response, while their monomer components (E)-cinnamic acid (3) and (E)-p-coumaric acid (4) did not show any activity against either neurogenic or inflammatory pain responses induced by formalin in mice. These results suggested that the dimeric structure might play an important role for the expression of anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, in order to gain information on their potencies, their anti-inflammatory activities were compared with that of incarvillateine (5) which contains the same dimeric structure and showed more potent antinociceptive activity than morphine in the formalin test. The activities of alpha-truxillic acid (1) and 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-truxillic acid (2) at the dose of 40 mg/kg against inflammatory pain response were equal to that of incarvillateine at doses of 20 mg/kg.
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Kibayashi C. Development of New Synthetic Methods and Its Application to Total Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Bioactive Natural Products. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2005; 53:1375-86. [PMID: 16272717 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A group of naturally occurring substances containing nitrogen is widely distributed in plants as well as in fungi, animal, marine organisms, and insects, and many exhibit significant biological activity. These natural products with a huge variety of chemical structures include antibiotics, antitumor agents, immunostimulants, drugs affecting the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, analgesics etc. The diverse activities and low natural abundance of this group of natural products when coupled with their molecular complexity warrant development of new and efficient synthetic methods and strategy for the total synthesis of these products, in particular alkaloids. The purpose of this review is to describe some of our achievements in the total synthesis of the naturally-occurring bases including the Dendrobatid alkaloids pumiliotoxin B and allopumiliotoxin A, the anitibiotic streptazolin, the tricyclic marine alkaloids isolated from the ascidians such as fasicularin, lepadiformine, and cylindricine C, and the dimeric monoterpene alkaloid incarvillateine as well as the formal total synthesis of the spirocyclic marine alkaloids halichlorine and pinnaic acid, which are isolated from the Japanese marine sponge and the Okinawan bivalve, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Kibayashi
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Japan.
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Abstract
Novel ceramides, rel-(3S,4S,5S)-3-[(2R)-2-hydroxycosanoyl-hexacosanoylamino]-4-hydroxy-5-[(4Z)-tetradecane-4-ene]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrofuran (1a-g), and a new glucoceramide, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-1,3,4-octodecanetriol-8-ene (2) were isolated from the aqueous ethanolic extract of the roots of Incarvillea arguta, together with eight known compounds: beta-sitosterol (3), oleanolic acid (4), ursolic acid (5), piperin (6), maslinic acid (7), beta-sitosterol 6'-O-acyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), 8-epideoxyloganic acid (9), and plantarenaloside (10). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data including IR, MS, NMR [1H NMR, 13C NMR (distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer), 1H-1H COSY, heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence, and heteronuclear multiple-bond coherence correlations]. The relative configurations were established by nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy experiments and by comparison of the NMR spectral data and coupling constants with those already reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggang Luo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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Hong BC, Gupta AK, Wu MF, Liao JH. Formal [6+3] cycloaddition of fulvenes with 2H-azirine: a facile approach to the [2]pyrindines system. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Hong BC, Gupta AK, Wu MF, Liao JH, Lee GH. Hetero [6+3] cycloaddition of fulvenes with N-alkylidene glycine esters: a facile synthesis of the delavayine and incarvillateine framework. Org Lett 2003; 5:1689-92. [PMID: 12735753 DOI: 10.1021/ol034329b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] In contrast to the [3+2] or [4+3] cycloaddition of N-metalated azomethine ylides and various alkenes, N-benzylidene glycine ethyl ester reacts with fulvenes to give the hetero [6+3] cycloaddition adducts with high stereoselectivity, constituting an efficient and novel route to [2]pyrindines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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do Vale TG, Furtado EC, Santos JG, Viana GSB. Central effects of citral, myrcene and limonene, constituents of essential oil chemotypes from Lippia alba (Mill.) n.e. Brown. Phytomedicine 2002; 9:709-714. [PMID: 12587690 DOI: 10.1078/094471102321621304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Citral, myrcene and limonene (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt., i.p.), constituents of essential oils from Lippia alba chemotypes, decreased not only the number of crossings but also numbers for rearing and grooming, as measured by the open-field test in mice. Although muscle relaxation detected by the rota rod test was seen only at the highest doses of citral (200 mg/kg body wt.) and myrcene (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt.), this effect was observed even at the lowest dose of limonene (50 mg/kg body wt.). Also, citral and myrcene (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt.) increased barbiturate sleeping time as compared to control. Limonene was also effective at the highest dose, and although citral did not increase the onset of sleep, it increased the duration of sleep, which is indicative of a potentiation of sleeping time. Citral (100 and 200 mg/kg body wt.) increased 2.3 and 3.5 times, respectively, the barbiturate sleeping time in mice. Similar effects were observed for myrcene and limonene at the highest dose (200 mg/kg body wt.) which increased the sleeping time around 2.6 times. In the elevated-plus maze, no effect was detected with citral up to 25 mg/kg body wt., while at a high dose it decreased by 46% the number of entries in the open arms. A smaller but significant effect was detected with limonene (5 mg/kg body wt.). While myrcene (10 mg/kg body wt.) decreased only by 22% the number of entries in the open arms, this parameter was decreased by 48% at the highest dose. Our study showed that citral, limonene and myrcene presented sedative as well as motor relaxant effects. Although only at the highest dose, they also produced a potentiation of the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in mice, which was more intense in the presence of citral. In addition, neither of them showed an anxiolytic effect, but rather a slight anxiogenic type of effect at the higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gurgel do Vale
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Brazil
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